CN111220590A

CN111220590A - Rapid detection instrument and detection method for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity

Info

Publication number: CN111220590A
Application number: CN201811408657.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宋一之; 黄霞; 衣晓飞; 彭迪
Original assignee: Shanghai D Band Medical Instrument Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai deuterium peak Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-11-23
Filing date: 2018-11-23
Publication date: 2020-06-02

Abstract

The invention relates to a rapid detection instrument and a detection method for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity, belonging to the technical field of microorganism detection. The rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity comprises a white light imaging unit and a Raman unit, wherein the white light imaging unit is used for shooting a sample white light image to realize automatic cell identification and positioning, the Raman unit is used for measuring Raman spectra of pathogenic microorganism cells to obtain fingerprint characteristics of the pathogenic microorganism cells, when the white light image is shot to identify the cells, the white light imaging unit is moved into a light path, the Raman unit is moved out of the light path, when a Raman signal is measured, the white light imaging unit is moved out of the light path, and the Raman unit is moved into the light path. The technical scheme of the invention tests the metabolic activity of the single cells under a microscope, thereby greatly shortening the detection time and obtaining the accuracy of the single cell layer. In this laboratory, results were obtained within 30min at the fastest. Compared with a trace broth dilution method, the accuracy of the method can reach more than 90 percent.

Description

Rapid detection instrument and detection method for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of microorganism detection, in particular to a rapid detection instrument and a detection method for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity.

Background

The drug sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms in the existing urine is mainly judged by the proliferation condition of a strain obtained by separating urine under the action of different antibiotics. Separating bacterial strain from urine, coating urine on solid culture medium, culturing for more than 16h to obtain single bacterial colony, inoculating the single bacterial colony to different antibiotics, and repeating for 6h-3 days, wherein the proliferation of cells is detected by the change of turbidity, absorbance and the like or the generation of precipitate, and the drug sensitivity of microorganism is judged according to the change.

Patent EP2820147B1 discloses a microbial drug sensitive rapid assay kit and system, the use of which describes a kit and system that allows the determination of small amounts of microorganisms based on the sensitivity of the antibiotic of the microorganism. The technical scheme mainly utilizes the kit for detection, and the detection cost is high.

Patent US20180135093a1 discloses an automatic microorganism identification and drug susceptibility detection system comprising: kits, a reagent stage, a cassette, a stage, a pipette assembly, an optical detection system designed to dynamically adjust motor idle torque to control thermal load and employ a fast focusing method for determining the focal position of real microbial individuals. The system may also include quantifying the abundance of viable microorganisms in the sample relative to the use of dynamic dilution to facilitate rapid, accurate antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the growing microorganisms. The detection system has a complex structure and is complex to operate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a rapid detection instrument and a detection method for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

in the first aspect of the present invention: provides a first quick detection instrument for drug sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms.

The invention provides a first instrument for rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity, which comprises:

a white light imaging unit: the system is used for shooting a sample white light image to realize automatic cell identification and positioning;

a Raman unit: used for collecting Raman signals of pathogenic microorganism cells;

when a white light image is shot to identify cells, the white light imaging unit moves into the light path, the Raman unit moves out of the light path, and when a Raman signal is measured, the white light imaging unit moves out of the light path, and the Raman unit moves into the light path.

In one embodiment of the invention, the rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity further comprises a slide for placing a sample, and an automatic translation stage for moving the slide.

The slide, also called a chip, is used for placing a sample, and a mark is arranged on the slide and used for marking the origin of coordinates.

The slide is preferably made of a material or structure that better reduces laser reflection while enhancing raman signal collection, such as quartz, calcium fluoride, or metal coated materials.

In one embodiment of the invention, the rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity further comprises an objective lens shared by the white light imaging unit and the Raman unit.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the white light imaging unit includes a white light lamp, a half mirror set and a camera,

the white light lamp is used for emitting light,

the semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting lens group is used for focusing light on a sample through the objective lens after the light is reflected, collecting scattered light of the sample through the objective lens and reflecting the scattered light out,

the camera is used for receiving the light reflected by the semi-transparent semi-reflective lens group and recording an image.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the half-mirror group includes two half-mirrors, light emitted from the white light lamp is reflected by the first half-mirror and then focused on the sample through the objective lens, scattered light of the sample is collected by the objective lens, and after the scattered light passes through the first half-mirror and then is reflected by the second half-mirror, an image is recorded by the camera.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the raman unit includes a laser emission unit, the laser emission unit includes a laser and a laser narrowband filter, the laser is used for generating laser, and the laser narrowband filter is used for filtering out stray lines in the laser.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the raman unit further comprises:

grating: is used for leading the Raman signal generated by the sample under the action of laser to be diffracted according to different angles according to the wavelength distribution,

a detector: the Raman spectrometer is used for collecting and recording Raman spectra after grating light splitting.

In one embodiment of the invention, the laser is one of a 488nm laser, a 514nm laser, a 532nm laser, a 633nm laser, or a 785nm laser.

In one embodiment of the invention, the laser narrow-band filter can be selected from 532/2nm to filter out the stray rays in the laser, the transmittance at 532nm is more than 90%, and the full width at half maximum of the transmittance curve is 2 nm.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the laser emitting unit further comprises a laser power attenuation sheet for attenuating the laser intensity to different degrees to adjust the laser intensity.

In one embodiment of the invention, the laser power attenuation sheet can select 6 groups of attenuation sheets to attenuate the laser intensity to different degrees, so as to better satisfy the functions of protecting the sample and enhancing the Raman signal.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the raman unit further includes a raman filter, the raman filter is configured to reflect the laser light emitted from the mirror group and focus the reflected laser light on the sample through an objective lens, when measuring the raman signal, the objective lens is configured to collect a raman scattering signal and a rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample and return the raman scattering signal and the rayleigh scattering signal to the raman filter, and the raman filter is further configured to block the rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample and transmit the raman scattering signal scattered by the sample.

In one embodiment of the invention, the raman unit further comprises a confocal pinhole, a slit,

the confocal pinhole and the slit are arranged behind the Raman filter and used for enabling laser to penetrate through and then to be projected onto the grating, and the grating is a reflective grating.

The confocal pinhole is used for blocking stray signals in a confocal mode and improving the signal intensity of the sample in a non-confocal mode.

The confocal pinhole can achieve the purposes of blocking stray signals in a confocal mode, improving the three-dimensional spatial resolution of sample imaging and improving the signal intensity of a sample in a non-confocal mode by adjusting the size of the pinhole; the grating diffracts the raman signal at different angles according to the wavelength distribution.

In one embodiment of the invention, the detector is an EMCCD detector for recording raman spectra after grating spectroscopy.

In one embodiment of the invention, the raman unit further comprises a mirror group comprising a first mirror and a second mirror.

When a Raman signal is measured, exciting light is emitted by a laser, stray rays are filtered by a laser narrow-band filter, the intensity is adjusted by a laser power attenuation sheet, and laser is projected to the Raman filter at an optimized incident angle by a reflector; laser is focused on a sample by an objective lens after being reflected by a Raman filter; the automatic translation stage can automatically move the sample to move the cell to the focus of the objective lens and collect the Raman spectrum according to the recognition result of the software on the cell coordinate under the white light imaging so as to achieve the aim of scanning imaging; a Raman scattering signal (Raman signal orange) and a Rayleigh scattering signal (laser signal green) scattered by the sample are collected by the objective lens and then return to the Raman filter, wherein the Rayleigh scattering signal is blocked and the Raman scattering signal passes through the Raman filter; the Raman scattering signal is collimated by the concave mirror through the confocal pinhole and the slit and then projected onto the reflective grating, and parallel light distributed according to wavelength after being diffracted by the grating is collected onto the detector through the other concave mirror, and finally the Raman signal is output.

In one embodiment of the invention, the rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity further comprises a data processing device,

the data processing equipment is used for analyzing the sample white light image shot by the white light imaging unit to realize automatic cell identification and positioning; and is used for analyzing, comparing and judging the Raman spectrum obtained by the Raman unit and detecting pathogenic microorganisms.

In one embodiment of the invention, the data processing device is a computer, and the computer is connected with the camera, the detector and the automatic translation table.

In one embodiment of the invention, the rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity is mainly used for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity in urine, namely, the rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity in urine is used.

Second aspect of the invention: provides a second quick detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity.

The second fast detecting instrument for pathogenic microbe drug sensitivity provided by the invention comprises:

the white light lamp is used for emitting light,

In one embodiment of the present invention, the raman unit includes:

a laser emitting unit: comprises a laser and a laser narrow-band filter, wherein the laser is used for generating laser, the laser narrow-band filter is used for filtering out stray lines in the laser,

a Raman scattering signal filtering unit: for enabling the Raman scattering signal generated by the sample under the action of the laser to be selectively filtered by a wavelength filtering device or equipment,

a Raman scattering signal acquisition unit: for receiving the raman scattered signal through the raman scattered signal filtering unit, using a photon reading device or apparatus as a detector.

It is particularly noted that the fixed wavelength raman scattering fast acquisition and imaging device provided in the second aspect of the present invention does not use a grating.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength filtering device or apparatus used in the raman scattering signal filtering unit is one or more filters.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the detector of the photon reading apparatus or device of the raman scattering signal acquisition unit is one or more photon counters or photomultiplier tubes.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the raman scattering signal filtering unit includes a beam splitting sheet, a first narrowband filter, and a second narrowband filter, where the beam splitting sheet is configured to filter a part of the raman signal after penetrating through the beam splitting sheet by the first narrowband filter; and after the rest Raman signals are reflected by the beam splitting sheet, the Raman signals are filtered after passing through a second narrow-band optical filter.

In one embodiment of the invention, the raman scattering signal post-filtered by the first narrow band filter is read by a first detector and the raman scattering signal post-filtered by the second narrow band filter is read by a second detector.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the beam splitting plate is a: b beam splitting plate, a and b are the light intensity after the light transmits through and is reflected by the beam splitting plate, respectively, and the ratio of a to b is greater than 0 and less than 1.

For example, the beam splitting sheet is 10: and 90% of Raman signals penetrate through the beam splitting sheet and are read by the first detector after passing through the first narrow-band optical filter, and 10% of Raman signals are read by the second detector after being reflected by the beam splitting sheet and passing through the second narrow-band optical filter.

In one embodiment of the invention, the working range of the beam splitting sheet covers at least any 100cm longer than the laser excitation wavelength^-1A continuous wavelength range interval of wavenumbers;

preferably, the working range of the beam splitting sheet at least covers 2000cm of red shift compared with the excitation wavelength of the laser^-1To 2300cm^-1Wavelength in the wavenumber range.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the beam splitting sheet is a dichroic mirror.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the beam splitting sheet is a dichroic mirror with a cut-off wavelength between 607nm and 620 nm.

In one embodiment of the invention, the first filter is selected in the direction of red shift of laser excitation wavelength by 2040cm^-1To 2300cm^-1An optical filter having an optical transmittance in the wavenumber range of greater than 80%.

In one embodiment of the invention, the second filter is selected to be used in the laser excitation wavelength red shift direction of 1800cm^-1-2040cm^-1Or 2260cm^-1To 2700cm^-130cm arbitrarily continuous in the wavenumber range^-1Or 30cm^-1And an optical filter having an optical transmittance of more than 80% in the above wave number range.

For example, the first narrow-band filter is selected to be 600/14nm to read the Raman scattering signal in the range of 588-608nm and the Raman background signal of the area;

for example, 591/6nm is selected as the second narrow-band filter to read the Raman background signal in the 586-596nm range.

In one embodiment of the invention, the laser may be one of a 488nm laser, a 514nm laser, a 532nm laser, a 633nm laser, or a 785nm laser.

In one embodiment of the invention, the laser power attenuation sheet selects 6 groups of attenuation sheets to attenuate the laser intensity to different degrees, so as to better satisfy the functions of protecting the sample and enhancing the raman signal.

In one embodiment of the invention, the laser is 532nm laser with adjustable power, the laser narrow-band filter selects the transmittance at 532nm to be more than 90%, and the transmittance curve full width at half maximum is 2nm, so as to filter out the stray lines in the laser.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the raman scattering signal collecting unit further includes a raman filter and an objective lens, the raman filter is configured to reflect the laser emitted from the reflector set and then focus the laser on the sample through the objective lens, and the objective lens is configured to collect a raman scattering signal and a rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample and return the raman scattering signal and the rayleigh scattering signal to the raman filter;

the Raman filter is also used for blocking Rayleigh scattering signals scattered by the sample and Raman scattering signals scattered by the sample.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the optical device further includes a mirror group, and the mirror group includes a first mirror and a second mirror.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the raman scattering signal collecting unit further includes a confocal pinhole and a slit, where the confocal pinhole and the slit are disposed behind the raman filter and used for allowing laser to pass through and project onto the beam splitter, the confocal pinhole is used for blocking stray signals in a confocal mode, and the confocal mode is used for increasing the signal intensity of the sample.

In one embodiment of the invention, the data processing device is a computer, and the computer is connected with the camera, the first detector, the second detector and the automatic translation stage.

The third aspect of the invention provides a rapid detection method for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity based on the detection instrument provided by the first aspect of the invention, which comprises the following steps:

A. the method comprises the following steps of (1) pretreating a sample: mixing a sample with antibiotics of different types and concentrations to form a mixed system, marking the mixed system as a system P and a system N respectively only by the sample and a culture medium without the antibiotics in at least two mixed systems, adding deuterium water into the mixed system except the system N to ensure that the volume percentage of the deuterium water in the mixed solution is 5-90%, and adding water which does not contain deuterium and has the same volume into the system N;

B. the white light imaging unit shoots a white light image of the sample to realize automatic cell identification and positioning;

C. after the cells are positioned, measuring the Raman spectrum of the cells by using a Raman unit to obtain the Raman spectrum of the pathogenic microorganism cells, namely the spectrum to be detected;

D. and (3) data analysis: calculation of 2170cm in Raman spectrum^-1Centered at 2170cm in width^-1Move at least 70cm to the left and right respectively^-1The area under Raman spectrum in the wavenumber range was calculated as the carbon-deuterium peak area (C-D) at 2950cm^-1Centered at 2950cm wide^-1Move at least 80cm to the left and right respectively as the center^-1The area under the raman spectrum in the wavenumber range is taken as the carbon-hydrogen peak area (C-H), and the metabolic index of the microorganism is reflected by the degree of deuteration:

D％＝(C-D)/(C-D+C-H)

comparing the% D under the action of the antibiotic with the% D of system P and system N, when the% D under the action of the antibiotic is significantly lower than system P and close to system N, the antibiotic is considered to be effective at that concentration in inhibiting the microorganism to which it is sensitive, whereas the microorganism is considered to be resistant to that concentration of the antibiotic.

The fourth aspect of the present invention is: the invention provides a rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity based on the second aspect of the invention, and a rapid detection method for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity is carried out. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

A. the method comprises the following steps of (1) pretreating a sample: mixing a sample with antibiotics with different types and concentrations to form a mixed system, marking the mixed system as a system P and a system N respectively only by the sample and a culture medium without the antibiotics in at least two mixed systems, adding deuterium water into the mixed system except the system N, and adding water without deuterium with the same volume into the system N;

C. after the cells are positioned, the raman signal of the sample of system N is measured by means of a raman unit, and the functional relationship between the readings of the two detectors is calculated: y is ax + b, wherein y is the reading of the second detector, x is the reading of the first detector, and the parameter a and b which are most approximate to the true value are found through enough measured values;

D. measuring the raman signal of the samples of each of the other systems, the second detector reading being y ', the first detector reading being x', the desired background-removed target signal value being: y '- (ax' + b);

E. when the calculated y for each system is significantly lower than the y for system P and close to the y for system N, the antibiotic is considered to be effective at that concentration in inhibiting the microorganism in the sample to which the microorganism is sensitive, whereas the microorganism is considered to be resistant to that concentration of the antibiotic.

In one embodiment of the invention, the methods described for the third and fourth aspects of the invention are used for rapid detection of susceptibility to pathogenic microorganisms in urine.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the urine sample is pretreated before rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms in urine according to the methods of the third and fourth aspects of the present invention. The pretreatment method comprises the following steps: mixing the urine with antibiotics of different types and concentrations to form a mixed system, wherein in at least two mixed systems, only the urine and the culture medium are used, and no antibiotic is used, and the mixed system is respectively marked as a system P and a system N. Adding deuterium water into a mixed system except the system N, adding water which does not contain deuterium and has the same volume as the system N, reacting the mixed system, and washing the mixed system.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the method for pretreating a urine sample according to the third and fourth aspects of the present invention comprises:

dividing urine into multiple parts (3-20ml), mixing with antibiotics of different types and concentrations, wherein most of the above mixed systems simultaneously comprise urine, culture medium and antibiotics, one or two antibiotics can be contained in one mixed system, and the volume of the mixed system is 10ul-2 ml. In at least two mixed systems, only urine, culture medium, no antibiotics, are labeled as system P and system N, respectively.

The medium is typically MH medium.

The mixed system reacts for 0 to 4 hours at the temperature of between 35 and 37 ℃. Adding deuterium water into the mixed system except the system N, wherein the volume percentage of the deuterium water is 10-90% after the deuterium water is uniformly mixed. An equal volume of water without deuterium was added to system N. Reacting for 30min-7h at 35-37 ℃.

And then washing the sample by a centrifugal mode, specifically: centrifuging at 3000-10000rpm for 2-10min, discarding the supernatant, adding a certain volume of deionized water or distilled water or ultrapure water, uniformly resuspending by oscillation or blowing with a pipette, centrifuging again according to the above conditions, discarding the supernatant again and resuspending. And then repeated 0-2 times. Finally, taking a certain volume (0.2ul-10ul) of the sample resuspended in water onto a glass slide, naturally airing or drying the sample, and transferring the sample to a rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity for testing.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific method of step B is:

b1, a mark is arranged on the glass slide for marking the origin of coordinates, the position of the mark point on the glass slide can be corrected by the rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity, then the automatic translation table drives the glass slide to move, and the direction and the distance of the movement of the glass slide carrying the sample can be recorded by the rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity;

b2, before using the camera to take pictures, the imaging size of the camera needs to be corrected by a standard size sample in micron order to record the size of the phase corresponding to a single pixel of a camera chip, wherein the camera chip refers to a CCD or a CMOS of the camera, so that the size of a shot object can be read in a subsequent picture of the taken sample;

b3, in the process of automatically identifying and positioning single cells, a white light image of a sample is shot by a camera, cells and impurity particles are all recorded in an image file, a background and the sample can be distinguished by analyzing the contrast and the brightness of the image, the cells can be separated from the impurities by analyzing the area size, the surface smoothness, the shape and the like of the sample and preset screening conditions, and two-dimensional coordinates of the positions of the cells are obtained according to the origin of coordinates and the moving direction and distance information of a glass slide.

The contrast and brightness of the analysis image are used for distinguishing the background and the sample, the analysis of the area size, the surface smoothness, the shape and the like of the sample is realized by the built-in software of the data processing equipment, the screening condition is preset on the data processing equipment, and the technologies can be realized by the existing technical means, such as image processing algorithms of Sobel/Prewitt and the like.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the specific method of step C is:

marking a laser measuring point (a fixed position is arranged on a chip of a test sample, focusing laser to the fixed position, setting the coordinate of the point as (0,0)), selecting a target measuring cell (under white light imaging, because the origin of the coordinate (0,0) is known, the corresponding actual space distance per unit distance (on a CCD) under imaging is also known, the coordinate of each cell relative to (0,0) under imaging can be given, when a Raman spectrum needs to be tested, a laser point/or a focused central point is moved to the target cell according to the coordinate), shooting a sample white light image according to a white light imaging unit, automatically identifying and positioning the cell, obtaining a movement vector parameter according to the recorded coordinate position of the cell, triggering an automatic translation stage by a data processing device according to each movement vector parameter, and moving the target cells to a laser measuring point in sequence, then sending a spectrum acquisition triggering signal to a detector by an automatic translation table, instructing the detector to complete spectrum acquisition of the cells, repeating the steps for a plurality of times to complete microimaging of the single cells of the microorganism, and acquiring Raman spectrums of 10-200 single cells of each sample to be recorded as spectrums to be detected.

When the device is used, exciting light is emitted by a laser, stray rays are filtered by a laser narrow-band filter, the intensity is adjusted by a laser power attenuation sheet, and then laser is projected to a Raman filter at an optimized incident angle by a reflector group; laser is focused on a sample on the glass slide by an objective lens after being reflected by the Raman optical filter; the automatic translation stage can automatically move the sample position according to the software setting so as to achieve the aim of scanning and imaging; the Raman scattering signal and the Rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample are collected by the objective lens and then return to the Raman filter, the Rayleigh scattering signal is blocked, and the Raman scattering signal penetrates through the Raman filter; for example, the raman scattering signal is projected onto the beam splitter through the confocal pinhole and the slit, where 90% of the raman signal will be read by the first detector after passing through the beam splitter and the first narrowband filter, and 10% of the raman signal will be read by the second detector after passing through the beam splitter and the second narrowband filter (the transmission range is the raman background signal region before the C-D wavelength region, and the transmittance of the C-D raman wavelength region is 0); reading the C-D Raman signal and the Raman background signal by a first detector, and reading only the Raman background signal by a second detector; and finally, deducting the background signal read by the first detector through an algorithm to obtain a pure C-D Raman signal.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: after the laser excites raman scattering of the sample, raman photons of a specific wavelength range are selectively transmitted through a specific filter, and a photon reading device or equipment is used for capturing and reading the raman signal intensity. Thereby realizing the purposes of rapid Raman detection and Raman imaging.

The technical scheme of the invention does not depend on the separation and culture of microorganisms in a sample, and the proliferation of the microorganisms under the action of antibiotic detection, but tests the metabolic activity of the single cells under a microscope, thereby greatly shortening the detection time and obtaining the accuracy of the single cell layer. In this laboratory, results were obtained within 30min at the fastest. Compared with a trace broth dilution method, the accuracy of the method can reach more than 90 percent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of an apparatus for white light imaging;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the Raman unit of example 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-wavelength Raman scattering fast acquisition and imaging apparatus according to example 3;

FIG. 4 is a single cell Raman spectrum of E.coli with varying degrees of deuterium absorption in example 4.

Indicated by the reference numbers in fig. 1 and 2: 1. the device comprises a laser, 2, a laser narrow-band filter, 3, a laser power attenuation sheet, 4, a first reflector, 5, a second reflector, 6, a Raman filter, 7, an objective lens, 8, a glass slide, 9, an automatic translation table, 10, a confocal pinhole, 11, a slit, 12, a grating, 13, a detector, 14, a white light lamp, 15, a first transflective lens, 16, a second transflective lens, 17 and a camera.

As indicated by the reference numbers in fig. 3: 1. the device comprises a laser, 2, a laser narrow-band filter, 3, a laser power attenuation sheet, 4, a first reflector, 5, a second reflector, 6, a Raman filter, 7, an objective lens, 8, a glass slide, 9, an automatic translation table, 10, a confocal pinhole, 11, a slit, 18, a beam splitting sheet, 19, a first narrow-band filter, 20, a first detector, 21, a second narrow-band filter, 22 and a second detector.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.

Example 1

Provides a rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the rapid detection apparatus for providing pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity provided in this embodiment includes:

a Raman unit: the Raman spectrum of the pathogenic microorganism cells is measured to obtain the fingerprint characteristics of the pathogenic microorganism cells;

a slide 8 for placing a sample, and an automatic translation stage 9 for moving the slide 8;

an objective lens 7 shared by the white light imaging unit and the Raman unit;

a data processing device: the data processing equipment is used for analyzing the sample white light image shot by the white light imaging unit to realize automatic cell identification and positioning; and is used for analyzing, comparing and judging the Raman spectrum obtained by the Raman unit and detecting pathogenic microorganisms.

When a white light image is taken to identify a cell, the white light imaging unit is moved into the optical path, and the raman unit is moved out of the optical path, as shown in fig. 1, and when a raman signal is measured, the white light imaging unit is moved out of the optical path, and the raman unit is moved into the optical path, as shown in fig. 2.

In this embodiment, the white light imaging unit includes a white light 14, a half-mirror group and a camera 17, the white light 14 is used for emitting light, the half-mirror group is used for reflecting the light, focusing the light on the sample through an objective lens 7, and reflecting the sample scattered light after being collected by the objective lens 7, and the camera 17 is used for receiving the light reflected by the half-mirror group and recording an image.

The half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens group comprises two half-transmitting and half-reflecting lenses, light emitted by the white light lamp 14 is reflected by the first half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens 15 and then focused on a sample through the objective lens 7, sample scattered light is collected through the objective lens 7, and after being transmitted through the first half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens 15 and reflected by the second half-transmitting and half-reflecting lens 16, an image is recorded through the camera 17.

In this embodiment, the raman unit includes:

the laser device comprises a laser emitting unit, a laser power attenuation sheet and a laser processing unit, wherein the laser emitting unit comprises a laser 1, a laser narrowband filter 2 and a laser power attenuation sheet 3, the laser 1 is used for generating laser, the laser narrowband filter 2 is used for filtering out miscellaneous lines in the laser, and the laser power attenuation sheet 3 is used for attenuating the laser intensity to different degrees so as to adjust the laser intensity;

a reflector group: the reflector group comprises a first reflector 4 and a second reflector 5;

the raman filter 6: the raman filter 6 is configured to reflect the laser light emitted from the mirror group and focus the laser light on the sample through the objective lens 7, when measuring the raman signal, the objective lens 7 is configured to collect a raman scattering signal and a rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample and return the raman scattering signal and the rayleigh scattering signal to the raman filter 6, and the raman filter 6 is further configured to block the rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample and transmit the raman scattering signal scattered by the sample:

confocal pinhole 10, slit 11: the confocal pinhole 10 and the slit 11 are arranged behind the Raman filter 6 and used for enabling laser to penetrate through and then to be projected onto the grating 12;

the grating 12: the Raman spectrometer is used for enabling Raman signals generated by a sample under the action of laser to be diffracted according to different angles according to wavelength distribution, and the grating 12 is a reflective grating;

the detector 13: the Raman spectrometer is used for collecting and recording Raman spectra after grating light splitting.

Wherein, the laser 1 is one of a 488nm laser, a 514nm laser, a 532nm laser, a 633nm laser or a 785nm laser. The laser narrow-band filter 2 can be generally selected from 532/2nm to filter out stray rays in laser, the transmittance at 532nm is greater than 90%, and the full width at half maximum of the transmittance curve is 2 nm. The laser power attenuation sheet 3 can select 6 groups of attenuation sheets to attenuate the laser intensity to different degrees, so as to better satisfy the functions of protecting the sample and enhancing the Raman signal. The confocal pinhole 10 is used to block stray signals in the confocal mode and to increase the signal intensity of the sample in the non-confocal mode. The confocal pinhole 10 can block stray signals in a confocal mode, improve the three-dimensional spatial resolution of sample imaging and improve the signal intensity of a sample in a non-confocal mode by adjusting the size of the pinhole; the grating 12 diffracts the raman signal at different angles according to the wavelength distribution. The detector 13 is an EMCCD detector and is used for recording the Raman spectrum after the light splitting of the grating.

In this embodiment, the slide 8, also referred to as a chip, is used for placing a sample, and a mark is provided on the slide 8 for marking the origin of coordinates. The slide 8 is preferably made of a material or structure that better reduces laser reflection while enhancing raman signal collection, such as quartz, calcium fluoride, or metal coated materials.

In this embodiment, the data processing device is a computer, and the computer is connected with the camera 17, the detector 13, and the automatic translation stage 9.

In this embodiment, the rapid detection apparatus for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity is mainly used for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity in urine, that is, used as a rapid detection apparatus for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity in urine.

Example 2

The rapid detection method of pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity using the instrument provided in example 1 comprises the following steps:

D. and (3) data analysis: calculation of 2170cm in Raman spectrum^-1Centered at 2170cm in width^-1Move at least 70cm to the left and right respectively^-1The area under Raman spectrum in the wavenumber range was calculated as the carbon-deuterium peak area (C-D) at 2950cm^-1Centered at 2950cm wide^-1Move at least 80cm to the left and right respectively as the center^-1The area under Raman spectrum in the wavenumber range is used as the area of carbon-hydrogen peak (C-H), and the metabolic index of microorganism is determined byThe degree of deuteration reflects:

D％＝(C-D)/(C-D+C-H)

In this example, the method is used for rapid detection of susceptibility to pathogenic microorganisms in urine.

In this embodiment, the pretreatment method of the urine sample comprises:

The medium is typically MH medium.

In this embodiment, the specific method in step B is:

In this embodiment, the specific method in step C is:

Example 3

Provides a second quick detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity.

The second fast detecting instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity provided by this embodiment includes:

an objective lens 7 shared by the white light imaging unit and the Raman unit;

In this embodiment, the white light imaging unit includes a white light lamp, a half mirror group and a camera, the white light lamp is used for emitting light, the half mirror group is used for focusing the light on the sample through the objective lens after reflecting, and reflects the sample scattered light out after the collection of the objective lens, and the camera is used for receiving the light reflected by the half mirror group and recording images. Since the above structure is the same as embodiment 1, it is not described again here by the drawings.

The second fast detecting instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity of this embodiment has the structure shown in fig. 3, except that the white light imaging unit is the same as that of embodiment 1, and is a fixed wavelength raman scattering fast collecting and imaging device. Comprises a laser emission unit, a reflector group, a Raman scattering signal filtering unit and a Raman scattering signal acquisition unit. The laser emission unit is used for obtaining laser after power adjustment, the reflector group is used for reflecting the laser after power adjustment to the Raman scattering signal filtering unit, the Raman scattering signal filtering unit is used for enabling the laser after power adjustment to be irradiated to the surface of a sample to generate Raman scattering, blocking Rayleigh scattering signals scattered by the sample and penetrating through the Raman scattering signals scattered by the sample, the Raman scattering signal collecting unit is used for receiving the Raman scattering signals, the Raman scattering signal collecting unit comprises a beam splitting sheet 18, and the beam splitting sheet 18 is used for dividing the Raman scattering signals into two beams which are respectively read by the two groups of detectors.

Specifically, the laser emission unit comprises a laser 1, a laser narrowband filter 2 and a laser power attenuation sheet 3, wherein the laser 1 is used for generating laser, the laser narrowband filter 2 is used for filtering out miscellaneous lines in the laser, and the laser power attenuation sheet 3 is used for attenuating the laser intensity to different degrees so as to adjust the laser intensity. The laser power attenuation piece 3 selects 6 groups of attenuation pieces to attenuate the laser intensity to different degrees, so as to better satisfy the functions of protecting the sample and enhancing the Raman signal.

The laser 1 can be a 532nm laser with adjustable power or other lasers with selectable wavelengths, such as 488nm, 514nm, 633nm, 785nm and the like; for matching with a 532nm laser, 532/2nm can be selected as the laser narrowband filter 2, namely, the transmittance at 532nm is more than 90%, and the full width at half maximum of the transmittance curve is 2nm, so as to filter out the stray rays in the laser.

The Raman scattering signal filtering unit comprises a Raman filter 6 and an objective lens 7, the Raman filter 6 is used for reflecting the laser which is emitted by the reflector group and has the adjusted power and then focusing the laser on a sample through the objective lens 7, the objective lens 7 is used for collecting a Raman scattering signal and a Rayleigh scattering signal which are scattered by the sample and enabling the Raman scattering signal and the Rayleigh scattering signal to return to the Raman filter 6, and the Raman filter 6 is also used for blocking the Rayleigh scattering signal which is scattered by the sample and enabling the Raman scattering signal which is scattered by the sample to penetrate through the sample. Comprising a slide 8 for placing a sample, the slide 8 being arranged on an automatic translation stage 9. The slide is preferably of a material or construction that better reduces laser reflection.

The reflector group comprises a first reflector 4 and a second reflector 5.

The Raman scattering signal acquisition unit comprises a confocal pinhole 10, a slit 11, a beam splitting sheet 18, a first narrow band filter 19, a first detector 20, a second narrow band filter 21 and a second detector 22, wherein the confocal pinhole 10 and the slit 11 are arranged behind the Raman filter 6 and used for enabling laser to penetrate through and then to be projected onto the beam splitting sheet 18, the confocal pinhole 10 is used for blocking stray signals and improving the three-dimensional spatial resolution of sample imaging in a confocal mode, the sample signal strength is improved in a non-confocal mode, the beam splitting sheet 18 is used for enabling a part of Raman signals to penetrate through the beam splitting sheet 18 and then to be read by the first detector 20 after passing through the first narrow band filter 19, and the rest Raman signals are reflected by the beam splitting sheet 18 and then to be read by the second narrow band filter 21 and then to be read by the second detector 22. The bundling sheet 18 is 10: and 90% of Raman signals penetrate through the beam splitting sheet 18 and then are read by the first detector 20 after passing through the first

narrowband filter

19, and 10% of Raman signals are read by the second detector 22 after being reflected by the beam splitting sheet 18 and then passing through the second narrowband filter 21.

The optional working range of the beam splitting sheet 18 is 400-700nm, the first narrow-band filter 19 is 600/14nm, namely the central wavelength is 600nm, the optical transmittance in the range of 593-607nm is more than 80%, so as to read the C-D Raman scattering signal in the range of 588-608nm and the Raman background signal in the region; the second narrow-band filter 21 has an optical transmittance of more than 80% at 591/6nm, namely, 591nm and 588-595nm, so as to read the Raman background signal at 586-596 nm.

Use of a fixed wavelength raman scattering rapid acquisition and imaging device comprising the steps of: in the experimental process, excitation light is emitted by a laser 1, stray rays are filtered by a laser narrow-band filter 2, the intensity is adjusted by a laser power attenuation sheet 3, and then laser is projected to a Raman filter 6 at an optimized incident angle by a reflector group; laser is focused on a sample on a glass slide 8 by an objective lens 7 after being reflected by a Raman optical filter 6; the automatic translation stage 9 can automatically move the sample position according to the software setting so as to achieve the purpose of scanning and imaging; the Raman scattering signal and Rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample are collected by the objective lens 7 and then return to the Raman filter 6, wherein the Rayleigh scattering signal is blocked and the Raman scattering signal passes through the Raman filter 6; the Raman scattering signals are projected on the beam splitting sheet 18 through the confocal pinhole 10 and the slit 11, 90% of the Raman signals pass through the beam splitting sheet and then pass through the first narrowband filter 19, the transmission range is in a C-D Raman wavelength region, and then the Raman signals are read by the first detector 20, 10% of the Raman signals pass through the beam splitting sheet and then pass through the second narrowband filter 21, the transmission range is in a Raman background signal region before the C-D wavelength region, the transmittance of the C-D Raman wavelength region is 0, and then the Raman signals are read by the second detector 22; the first detector 20 reads the C-D raman signal and the raman background signal, the second detector 22 reads only the raman background signal, and finally the background signal read by the first detector 20 is subtracted by an algorithm to obtain a pure C-D raman signal.

Single cell raman spectroscopy collection of deuterium-absorbed e.coli:

coli (accession No. ATCC25922, available from ATCC) was picked from the plate, inoculated into 5ml of LB liquid medium, and cultured overnight in a constant temperature incubator (37 ℃,150 rpm). Mixing the raw materials in a ratio of 1: 1000 proportion of overnight-cultured bacteria were transferred to 5ml containing D at various concentrations ranging from 0% to 50%₂LB liquid of OIn the body culture medium, the cells were incubated for 4 hours in a constant temperature incubator (37 ℃ C., 150 rpm). And respectively taking 1ml of bacterial liquid, centrifuging at 5000rpm for 2min to remove the supernatant, adding 1ml of sterile water, pipetting and blowing for 3-5 times, centrifuging at 5000rpm for 2min to remove the supernatant, and repeating the water adding and washing step for 1 time. And finally, adding 1ml of sterile water, and blowing and beating the uniformly mixed bacteria liquid by a liquid transfer gun to perform sample application detection. When spotting, 1 μ l of the sample was put on a calcium fluoride slide glass and naturally air-dried at room temperature.

The spotted slide glass is taken to the instrument described in embodiment 1 for detection, and the E.coli single cell is found under the objective lens of 100 times and is clearly focused for single cell Raman spectrum collection. The test conditions were 532nm laser (power 100mW), grating: 300gr/mm, acquisition time: and 20 s. A single cell raman spectrum was obtained as shown in figure 4.

Example 4

Based on the rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity in the embodiment 3, the rapid detection instrument can also be called as Raman scattering rapid acquisition and imaging equipment with fixed wavelength, and a rapid detection method for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity is carried out. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

B. the raman signal of the sample of system N was measured and the functional relationship between the two detector readings was calculated: y is ax + b, wherein y is the reading of the second detector, x is the reading of the first detector, and the parameter a and b which are most approximate to the true value are found through enough measured values;

C. measuring the raman signal of the samples of each of the other systems, the second detector reading being y ', the first detector reading being x', the desired background-removed target signal value being: y '- (ax' + b);

D. when the calculated y for each system is significantly lower than the y for system P and close to the y for system N, the antibiotic is considered to be effective at that concentration in inhibiting the microorganism in the sample to which the microorganism is sensitive, whereas the microorganism is considered to be resistant to that concentration of the antibiotic.

The embodiments described above are described to facilitate an understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. Quick detection instrument of pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity, its characterized in that includes:

2. Instrument for the rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms sensitivity according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises a slide (8) for placing the sample and an automatic translation stage (9) for moving the slide (8).

3. The instrument for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising an objective lens (7) shared by the white light imaging unit and the raman unit.

4. The rapid detecting instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity of claim 3, characterized in that the white light imaging unit comprises a white light lamp (14), a half-mirror group and a camera (17),

the white light lamp (14) is used for emitting light,

the semi-transmitting and semi-reflecting lens group is used for reflecting light, focusing the light on a sample through the objective lens (7), collecting scattered light of the sample through the objective lens (7) and reflecting the scattered light out,

the camera (17) is used for receiving the light reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective lens group and recording an image.

5. The rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity according to claim 4, wherein the Raman unit comprises a laser emission unit, the laser emission unit comprises a laser (1) and a laser narrowband filter (2), the laser (1) is used for generating laser, and the laser narrowband filter (2) is used for filtering out stray lines in the laser.

6. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism susceptibility according to claim 5, wherein said Raman unit further comprises:

grating (12): is used for leading the Raman signal generated by the sample under the action of laser to be diffracted according to different angles according to the wavelength distribution,

detector (13): the Raman spectrometer is used for collecting and recording Raman spectra after grating light splitting.

7. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism susceptibility according to claim 4, wherein said Raman unit comprises:

the laser emission device comprises a laser emission unit and a laser narrow-band filter, wherein the laser emission unit comprises a laser (1) and a laser narrow-band filter (2), the laser (1) is used for generating laser, and the laser narrow-band filter (2) is used for filtering out miscellaneous lines in the laser;

8. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms sensitivity according to claim 7, wherein the wavelength filtering means or device used in the Raman scattering signal filtering unit comprises one or more filters.

9. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms susceptibility according to claim 7, wherein the photon reading device of the Raman scattering signal acquisition unit or the detector of the apparatus is one or more photon counters or photomultiplier tubes.

10. The rapid detection instrument for pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity according to claim 8, characterized in that the Raman scattering signal filtering unit comprises a beam splitting sheet (18), a first narrow band filter (19), a second narrow band filter (21),

the beam splitting sheet (18) is used for enabling a part of Raman signals to penetrate through the beam splitting sheet (18) and then to be filtered by a first narrow-band optical filter (19); the residual Raman signals are reflected by the beam splitting sheet (18) and then filtered after passing through a second narrow-band filter (21).

11. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms susceptibility according to claim 10, wherein the raman scattering signal filtered by the first narrow band filter (19) is read by a first detector (20) and the raman scattering signal filtered by the second narrow band filter (21) is read by a second detector (22).

12. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the beam splitting plate (18) is a b beam splitting plate, a and b are the intensities of light transmitted through and reflected by the beam splitting plate, respectively, and the ratio of a to b is greater than 0 and less than 1.

13. Instrument for the rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms sensitivity according to claim 12, characterized in that said splitting sheet (18) has a working range at least covering any 100cm longer than the excitation wavelength of the laser (1)^-1A continuous wavelength range interval of wavenumbers and an operating range of at leastCovering the laser (1) excitation wavelength red shift 2000cm^-1To 2300cm^-1Wavelength in the wavenumber range.

14. A rapid detection apparatus for the susceptibility of pathogenic microorganisms according to claim 10, characterized in that said splitting sheet (18) is a dichroic mirror.

15. The apparatus for the rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms drug sensitivity according to claim 14, characterized in that the splitting sheet (18) is a dichroic mirror with a cut-off wavelength between 607nm and 620 nm.

16. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms susceptibility according to claim 10, wherein the first filter (13) is selected from 2040cm in the red shift direction of the excitation wavelength of the laser (1)^-1To 2300cm^-1An optical filter having an optical transmittance in the wavenumber range of greater than 80%.

17. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms susceptibility according to claim 10, wherein the second filter (15) is selected to be 1800cm in the red shift direction of the excitation wavelength of the laser (1)^-1-2040cm^-1Or 2260cm^-1To 2900cm^-130cm arbitrarily continuous in the wavenumber range^-1Or 30cm^-1And an optical filter having an optical transmittance of more than 80% in the above wave number range.

18. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism susceptibility according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the laser (1) is one of a 488nm laser, a 514nm laser, a 532nm laser, a 633nm laser or a 785nm laser;

the laser emission unit also comprises a laser power attenuation sheet (3) which is used for attenuating the laser intensity to different degrees so as to adjust the laser intensity;

the Raman unit further comprises a Raman optical filter (6), the Raman optical filter (6) is used for focusing laser emitted by the reflector group to a sample through an objective lens (7) after being reflected, when a Raman signal is measured, the objective lens (7) is used for collecting a Raman scattering signal and a Rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample and enabling the Raman scattering signal and the Rayleigh scattering signal to return to the Raman optical filter (6), and the Raman optical filter (6) is also used for blocking the Rayleigh scattering signal scattered by the sample and enabling the Raman scattering signal scattered by the sample to penetrate through the sample.

19. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms sensitivity according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that said Raman unit further comprises a confocal pinhole (10), a slit (11),

the confocal pinhole (10) and the slit (11) are arranged behind the Raman filter (6) and used for enabling laser to penetrate and then to be projected onto the grating (12),

the confocal pinhole (10) is used for blocking stray signals in a confocal mode and improving the signal intensity of the sample in a non-confocal mode.

20. The apparatus for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity according to claim 1, further comprising a data processing device,

21. The apparatus for the rapid detection of pathogenic microorganisms sensitivity according to claim 20, characterized in that said data processing device is a computer connected to a camera (17), an automatic translation stage (9), a detector (13) or,

the computer is connected with the camera (17), the automatic translation table (9), the first detector (20) and the second detector (22).

22. The rapid detection instrument of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 18, 19, 20 and 21, which is used for rapid detection of pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

D％＝(C-D)/(C-D+C-H)

23. A method for rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity based on the apparatus for rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity of any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, comprising the steps of:

A. the method comprises the following steps of (1) pretreating a sample: mixing a sample with antibiotics with different types and concentrations to form a mixed system, wherein only the sample and a culture medium in at least two mixed systems without the antibiotics are marked as a system P and a system N respectively, and adding deuterium water into the mixed systems except the system N to ensure that the volume percentage of the deuterium water in the mixed solution is 5-90%. Adding equal volume of water without deuterium into the system N;

24. The method for rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganism susceptibility according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the method is used for rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganism susceptibility in urine.

25. The method for rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganism susceptibility according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the urine sample is pretreated before rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganisms in urine, and the pretreatment method comprises: mixing urine with antibiotics of different types and concentrations to form a mixed system, marking only the urine and a culture medium without the antibiotics as a system P and a system N in at least two mixed systems respectively, adding deuterium water into the mixed system except the system N, adding water which is equal in volume and does not contain deuterium into the system N, reacting the mixed system, and washing the mixed system.

26. The method for rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the specific method of step B is:

b1, a mark is arranged on the glass slide for marking the origin of coordinates, the position of the mark point on the glass slide is corrected by the pathogenic microorganism drug sensitive rapid detection instrument, then the automatic translation table (9) drives the glass slide to move, and the pathogenic microorganism drug sensitive rapid detection instrument records the moving direction and distance of the glass slide carrying the sample;

b2, before taking pictures by using the camera (17), correcting the imaging size of the camera (17) by a standard size sample of micron scale to record the size of the phase corresponding to a single pixel of the camera chip, thereby reading the size of the taken article in the subsequent picture of the taken sample;

b3, in the process of automatically identifying and positioning single cells, a camera (17) shoots a white light image of a sample, cells and impurity particles are all recorded in an image file, a background and the sample are distinguished by analyzing the contrast and the brightness of the image, the cells can be separated from the impurities by analyzing the area size, the surface smoothness and the shape of the sample and preset screening conditions, and two-dimensional coordinates of the positions of the cells are obtained according to the origin of coordinates and the moving direction and distance information of a slide glass.

27. The method for rapidly detecting pathogenic microorganism drug sensitivity according to claim 22 or 23, wherein the specific method of step C is:

marking laser measuring points, shooting a sample white light image according to a white light imaging unit, automatically identifying and positioning cells, obtaining a movement vector parameter corresponding to each laser measuring point of each cell according to the recorded cell coordinate position, triggering an automatic translation table by data processing equipment to move target cells to the laser measuring points in sequence according to each movement vector parameter, sending a spectrum acquisition triggering signal to a detector by the automatic translation table, instructing the detector to complete spectrum acquisition of the cells, repeating the steps for a plurality of times to complete micro-imaging of the single cells of the microorganism, and acquiring Raman spectrums of 10-200 single cells of each sample to be recorded as spectrums to be detected.