CN111219952A - Energy-conserving mobilizable grain drying-machine - Google Patents

Energy-conserving mobilizable grain drying-machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111219952A
CN111219952A CN202010041860.5A CN202010041860A CN111219952A CN 111219952 A CN111219952 A CN 111219952A CN 202010041860 A CN202010041860 A CN 202010041860A CN 111219952 A CN111219952 A CN 111219952A
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China
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section
machine
air
outlet
grain
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CN202010041860.5A
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CN111219952B (en
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陶立群
唐竹胜
唐佳
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F26B3/08Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed
    • F26B3/084Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried so as to loosen them, e.g. to form a fluidised bed with heat exchange taking place in the fluidised bed, e.g. combined direct and indirect heat exchange
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23BPRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B9/00Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
    • A23B9/08Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/18Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
    • F26B17/20Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • F26B21/002Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure heating the drying air indirectly, i.e. using a heat exchanger
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/02Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
    • F26B21/04Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/10Temperature; Pressure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/06Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/90Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/85Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Abstract

An energy-saving movable grain dryer sequentially comprises a first-section roller pretreatment dryer, a second-section main dryer drying chamber, a third-section cooling chamber, an air energy heat pump and a water curtain dust remover along the moving direction of grains. The first-section roller pretreatment dryer is a rotary drying device, and the recovered waste heat is used for carrying out primary predrying and impurity removal on grains containing dust and having mud water adhered to the surfaces; the drying chamber of the two-section main dryer takes an air energy heat pump as a heat source to thoroughly dry grains; the sensible heat of the dried grains is used by the three-section cooling chamber to cool the grains, and meanwhile, the sensible heat is recovered, and part of the obtained hot air is pumped into the first-section roller pretreatment dryer. The invention forms a closed-loop self-circulation system, the grain is uniformly dried in a boiling state, and the invention also has the characteristics of automatic dust removal, desliming, tracting and moving, mutual recombination, low manufacturing cost, large or small capacity, multiple functions, energy saving, environmental protection, high yield and low consumption, and the like.

Description

Energy-conserving mobilizable grain drying-machine
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to an energy-saving movable grain dryer.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, the territorial area is large, the territorial area is wide, and the variety of crops and planting industries is wide, so the drying amount of grains and other crops is extremely large.
The grain drying machines on the market are various in varieties, but most of the grain drying machines adopt a fluidized bed static drying method, a vertical furnace method or a tower furnace method, and the problems of uneven grain belly or over-drying or under-drying exist in the drying process; more importantly, after the policy of changing coal into electricity is implemented, the problems of large power consumption of grain drying, high drying cost and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention carries out improvement, optimization and innovation in many aspects, and provides an energy-saving movable grain dryer, which adopts an air energy heat pump to provide a heat source, completely recovers anhydrous hot air after the discharged water vapor is dehydrated and sensible heat of dried clean grains, and heats the anhydrous hot air and the dried clean grains for continuous grain drying to form a closed-loop self-circulation system; the grain is uniformly dried in a boiling state, and the multifunctional grain drying machine has the characteristics of automatic dust removal, desliming, capability of traction and movement, capability of being mutually recombined, low manufacturing cost, large or small capacity, multiple functions, energy conservation, environmental protection, high yield, low consumption and the like. The comprehensive energy consumption is lower than that of a coal-fired dryer, and the drying and cooling device is particularly suitable for drying or cooling granular grains and other fields such as chemical industry, metallurgy and the like.
The specific invention content is as follows:
an energy-saving movable grain dryer sequentially comprises a first-section roller pretreatment dryer, a second-section main dryer drying chamber, a third-section cooling chamber, an air energy heat pump and a water curtain dust remover along the moving direction of grains;
the first section of roller pretreatment dryer is a rotary drying device and comprises a first section of machine mesh-shaped rotary drum, a first section of machine drying air chamber and a first section of machine hot air blast chamber; the section of machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder comprises a section of machine front supporting ring and a driving assembly which are respectively arranged at two ends of the section of machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder, and a section of machine rear supporting ring and a driving assembly which are driven by friction to drive the section of machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder to rotate; a material conveying spiral sheet is arranged in the section of machine net-shaped rotary cylinder; one end of the section of machine net-shaped rotary cylinder is connected with the charging hopper, and the other end of the section of machine net-shaped rotary cylinder is provided with a section of grain outlet; the first-section grain outlet is communicated with a drying chamber of a two-section main dryer; the section of the machine net-shaped rotary cylinder penetrates through the section of the machine drying air chamber and rotates, and the upper part of the section of the machine drying air chamber is provided with a section of machine water vapor dust outlet; the first section of machine hot air blast chamber is arranged below the first section of machine reticular rotary drum;
the two-section main dryer drying chamber comprises a two-section main dryer shell and an airflow fluidized bed device, the airflow fluidized bed device of the two-section main dryer drying chamber is provided with a two-section machine hot air inlet, and the two-section machine hot air inlet is connected with an air outlet of the air energy heat pump; the drying chamber of the two-section main dryer is provided with a two-section machine air outlet which is connected with an air inlet of the air energy heat pump, and a dehydrator B is arranged between the two-section machine air outlet and the air inlet of the air energy heat pump; the drying chamber of the two-section main dryer is provided with a hot grain outlet which leads to the three-section temperature reduction chamber;
the three-stage cooling chamber comprises a three-stage shell and an air flow fluidized bed device; the three-stage cooling chamber is provided with a three-stage cooling chamber hot air outlet which leads to a first-stage machine hot air blast chamber; the airflow boiling bed device of the three-section cooling chamber is provided with three sections of machine warm air inlets; the three cooling chambers are provided with a clean grain outlet.
The air inlet of the water curtain dust remover is connected with a section of machine steam dust outlet, the air outlet of the water curtain dust remover is connected with a three-section machine warm air inlet, and a dehydrator A is arranged between the air outlet of the water curtain dust remover and the three-section machine warm air inlet;
the wind direction flow of the grain dryer is controlled by the booster fan, and the wind speed and the wind pressure of the grain dryer are generally 15-45 m/s.
One section cylinder preliminary treatment drying-machine mainly adopts the waste heat of recovery to carry out preliminary predrying to the grain that contains dirt, surface adhesion muddy water, under its boiling state, carries out preliminary drying, rolling friction with the muddy water on grain surface and handles, detach grain surface earth and surface moisture content automatically to preheat grain itself, simultaneously, clear away impurity such as fine hair, package capsid, blade, root bits that mix with in the grain.
The two-section main dryer drying chamber is the core of the device, grains which are preheated enter the two-section main dryer drying chamber from a grain outlet of the one-section main dryer, an air energy heat pump is used as a heat source, anhydrous high-temperature hot air at a hot air inlet of the two-section main dryer is adopted, and the grains which are deslimed, dedusted and preheated are thoroughly dried.
The dried grains generally have sensible heat at the temperature of 45-50 ℃, so that the grains cannot be immediately added into a large-scale grain bin for long-term storage, and need to be cooled to 25-30 ℃ and then put into the bin for storage, therefore, the device of the patent establishes a three-section cooling chamber, cools the grains by the sensible heat of the dried grains, recovers the sensible heat of the grains, obtains partial hot air and then pumps the partial hot air into a section of roller pretreatment dryer for pre-drying treatment.
When the grain dryer is used, wet grains are put into the charging hopper and enter the section of the machine mesh-shaped rotary drum; warm air at the hot air outlet of the three-section temperature reduction chamber is fed into a hot air blowing chamber of the machine, a warm air boiling bed is formed below a drying air chamber of the machine, the warm air boiling bed penetrates through meshes of a meshed rotary cylinder of the machine, wet grains are made to be in a boiling state under the warm air and are mutually polished, water on the surfaces of the grains is dried and evaporated through 10-30 min of warm pre-drying treatment, and surface soil is also polished. Impurities such as fluff, coating shells, blades, root scraps and the like mixed in the grains and most of fine dust are discharged from a water vapor dust outlet of the first-stage machine together with water vapor, and enter a water curtain dust remover for dust removal treatment.
The grains after the first-stage warming and drying treatment fall into a drying chamber of a two-stage main dryer from a first-stage grain outlet. The drying chamber of the two-section main dryer is a deep drying chamber, and the heat source of the deep drying chamber is from an air energy heat pump. The airflow boiling bed device forms a hot air boiling bed of the two-stage dryer under the drying chamber of the two-stage main dryer, so that grains move in a boiling state. When grains are dried, part of dust, residual fluff, fragments and other impurities are blown out for the second time, the impurities and the steam with the temperature of 40-45 ℃ formed by deeply drying the grains are removed through a two-stage machine air outlet and a dehydrator, 90-95% of moisture and a small part of dust in the steam are removed, clean hot air enters an air energy heat pump through an air inlet of the air energy heat pump and then is reheated, and hot air circulation is formed.
After deep drying in the drying chamber of the two-section main dryer, the grains can automatically move to a dried hot grain outlet and enter the three-section cooling chamber. The dried grains entering the three-section cooling chamber have sensible heat at 45-50 ℃. The hot air at 22-32 ℃ discharged from a water vapor dust outlet of the first-stage machine, dedusted by a water curtain and dehydrated enters an airflow fluidized bed device of the three-stage cooling chamber through a hot air inlet of the three-stage machine, so that the three-stage cooling chamber forms a three-stage hot air fluidized bed, and grains are cooled; and simultaneously, obtaining anhydrous warm air at the temperature of 30-38 ℃, performing third dust removal, and enabling the anhydrous warm air to enter a first-stage machine hot air blast chamber through a third-stage temperature reduction chamber hot air outlet. After being cooled by wind, the dried grains automatically move to a cooled clean grain outlet for discharging the cooled dry grains to form the clean dry grains.
The temperatures in the patent are described under the premise that the weather temperature is 16 ℃.
Furthermore, the airflow fluidized bed devices in the drying chamber of the two-section main dryer and the three-section cooling chamber respectively comprise a blast box, and a wind bed bottom plate and a partition plate which are arranged on the blast box; and a plurality of blast nozzles are arranged on the air bed bottom plate.
The air blowing nozzle comprises an air blowing nozzle air inlet hole and an air blowing nozzle air outlet hole, and the air blowing nozzle air outlet holes are preferably multiple. The air blowing nozzles are preferably uniformly distributed on the air bed bottom plate.
Still further, the upper surface of air bed bottom plate set up the multichannel baffle, the height of baffle reduces along grain direction of motion on the air bed bottom plate in proper order. The partition plates are preferably uniformly distributed and are preferably vertical to the grain movement direction.
A plurality of baffles that reduce in proper order along the grain direction of motion form a plurality of two-stage process machine hot-blast boiling bed storehouses on two-stage process machine air bed bottom plate, and grain is dried under the boiling, and an inclined plane stack angle always appears in its upper plane, also lets grain can not beat at the boiling state at will simultaneously, stops more for a moment in each two-stage process machine hot-blast boiling bed storehouse relatively, does benefit to the degree of depth and dries. Meanwhile, the grain naturally moves slowly to the outlet end by utilizing the power of boiling and the inclined plane accumulation angle formed by the drying chamber of the two-section main dryer and the three-section cooling chamber.
Further, a section of machine soil bin is arranged below the section of machine hot air blast chamber.
Soil on the surface of the grain falls into a section of machine soil bin after being ground, and the soil can be discharged by opening a valve of the soil outlet groove.
Further, the section of the meshed rotary drum of the machine is horizontally arranged.
Furthermore, a plurality of screen holes phi 3-5 mm are uniformly arranged on the one-section machine meshed rotary drum.
Further, kiln head covers are arranged at two ends of the section of the machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder.
Further, a booster fan B is arranged between the air outlet of the second-stage air conditioner and the air inlet of the air energy heat pump; a booster fan A is arranged between the air outlet of the water curtain dust remover and the warm air inlet of the three-section machine.
Furthermore, the charging hopper, the first-section grain outlet, the hot grain outlet and the dry grain outlet are all provided with air locking valves.
Furthermore, the front supporting ring and the driving assembly of the first section of machine and the rear supporting ring and the driving assembly of the first section of machine are respectively supported on the front supporting wheel assembly of the first section of machine and the rear supporting wheel assembly of the first section of machine.
Further, a trailer tray is arranged at the bottom of the machine body; the bottom of the trailer tray is provided with trailer wheels, and one end of the trailer tray is provided with a trailer connecting ring.
This patent device can design for the fixed type, can fix the base in three-section cooling room on the trailer dish, is connected with the tractor through the trailer go-between, can remove it to other destinations and use, and the design is not superelevation, not super wide, not overlength.
Furthermore, the water curtain dust remover is provided with an overflow port and a sewage discharge port; the water outlet of the dehydrator A is connected with a water curtain dust remover.
The liquid water separated by the dehydrator A automatically flows into the water curtain dust remover to supplement water after being discharged from the water outlet of the dehydrator A, and the water curtain dust remover is provided with an overflow port and a drain outlet. When the water level exceeds the water level, the overflow port begins to discharge water. The sewage draining outlet can be opened regularly to drain impurity wastes in the water tank in time.
The liquid water separated by the dehydrator has sensible heat of 40-45 ℃, so that the water temperature of a water tank in the water curtain dust remover is about 40-45 ℃, and when the water vapor containing impurities at the temperature of 22-32 ℃ enters the water curtain dust remover from a water vapor dust outlet of the first-stage dust remover, the water vapor passes through water mist and sweeps over the water liquid surface, and the air temperature of the water vapor after dust removal is slightly increased.
The above temperatures are described under the premise that the weather temperature is 16 DEG C
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts three-stage treatment, and preheats, removes dust, dries and cools grains.
2. According to the invention, a rotary drying device is arranged in the first section of drying, a section of warm air boiling bed is formed below a section of machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder, so that wet grains can be boiled and polished mutually under warm air at the temperature of 22-32 ℃, the water on the surface of the grains is dried and evaporated after warm pre-drying treatment for 10-30 min, the soil on the surface is polished, and the water curtain dust remover can be combined to automatically remove the soil of the grains and primarily remove most of dust.
3. The device provided by the invention is provided with a plurality of dehydration and dust removal treatments, and can recycle the waste heat.
High-temperature hot air of 65-70 ℃ generated by the air energy heat pump provides a heat source for a drying chamber of a two-stage main dryer, hot air containing water vapor after grains are dried has the temperature of 40-45 ℃, the hot air is fed into a dehydrator to remove 90-95% of water vapor and partial dust, and then the hot air returns to the air energy heat pump, the absolute value of the heating air temperature is only (65-45 ═ 20 ℃) to (70-45 ═ 35 ℃), and a large amount of electric energy is saved. The liquid water separated by the dehydrator flows into the water curtain dust remover automatically from the water outlet to supplement water for the water curtain dust remover.
After deep drying, grains enter a three-section cooling chamber in a two-section main dryer drying chamber, sensible heat at 45-50 ℃ is provided, after dehydration and dust removal, warm air at the temperature of 22-32 ℃ enters the three-section cooling chamber through a three-section machine warm air inlet, the grains are cooled to 25-30 ℃ and simultaneously anhydrous warm air at the temperature of 30-38 ℃ is obtained, the grains enter a one-section machine hot air blast chamber, pre-drying, soil removal, dust removal and other treatment are carried out on wet grains, water vapor containing impurities at the temperature of 22-32 ℃ is discharged from a one-section machine water vapor dust outlet, and the grains are subjected to dust removal, impurity removal, dehydration and dust removal through a water curtain dust remover to form the anhydrous warm air for recycling.
This patent device adopts the air-source heat pump of electric energy as main heat source, and the gas that does not arrange outward has the temperature, and whole gas has realized drying-dehydration-heating-redrying-reheat closed cycle system, and its stoving energy consumption is less than coal drying-machine, therefore, this device is energy-concerving and environment-protective.
4. The invention adopts the boiling state to carry out uniform drying, and overcomes the problem of uneven belly and back drying in the traditional grain drying (fluidized bed static or shaft furnace-shaped or tower-shaped fluidized drying treatment and the like). The two sections of drying treatment of the invention are dried in a boiling state, the dust removal is thorough, the drying is thorough and uniform, and the grain particles can not be damaged due to mechanical hard pulling.
5. This patent device seems bulky, and main devices such as netted revolving drum of one section machine, two-section main drying-machine casing, three-section casing triplex all mainly are plenum, bellows, and simple structure can adopt 2 ~ 3 mm's ordinary cold-rolled sheet to weld, establishes all around angle steel, channel-section steel skeleton can, and its affiliated facilities also is standard equipment, and the purchase is easy, consequently, this device low in production cost.
6. The device has the advantages that the yield can be large or small, and the devices with different yield models can be manufactured according to the yield requirement of the grain to be dried.
7. When the invention is applied, the invention can be dragged to move, the three core drying parts can be detached for use, and any two machines can be combined. This patent device can design for the fixed type, also can fix the base at the trailer dish, has set up trailer front wheel and trailer rear wheel, and the trailer go-between is connected with the tractor, can remove it to other destinations and use, and the design is not superelevation, not super wide, not overlength. The device of the invention is combined by a first-section roller pretreatment dryer, a second-section main dryer drying chamber and a third-section cooling chamber, and three machines can be recombined according to the actual situation of specific application, and any one machine can be used, or any two machines can be used in combination.
8. The grain in the invention automatically runs by using boiling power. A plurality of baffles that reduce in proper order along the grain direction of motion form a plurality of two-stage process machine hot-blast boiling bed storehouses on two-stage process machine air bed bottom plate, and grain is dried under the boiling, and an inclined plane stack angle always appears in its upper plane, also lets grain can not beat at the boiling state at will simultaneously, stops more for a moment in each two-stage process machine hot-blast boiling bed storehouse relatively, does benefit to the degree of depth and dries. Meanwhile, when the grains are in a boiling state, the grains naturally slowly move towards the outlet end by utilizing the boiling power of the grains and the inclined plane accumulation angle formed by the drying chamber of the two-section main dryer and the three-section cooling chamber.
9. The drying device can be applied to drying or dehydrating granular grains and also can be applied to drying and hardening pills in the pharmaceutical industry; drying or cooling granular fertilizer in chemical fertilizer industry; the drying device can also be applied to drying of granular materials in the industries of metallurgy, ceramics, refractory materials, chemical engineering and the like or applied to a cooling machine, and has wide application field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front schematic view of embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 is a rear view schematically showing embodiment 1 (a towable mobile type);
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the process wind direction of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of a two-stage machine blower box of example 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cross-section taken along the line B-B in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged front view of a bottom plate of the two-stage air bed;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged top view of the bottom plate of the two-stage air bed;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged front view of the blower nozzle;
fig. 11 is an enlarged schematic top view of the blower nozzle.
In the figure, 1, a loading hopper; 2. a section of drum pretreatment dryer; 3. a drying chamber of the two-section main dryer; 4. and a third cooling chamber; 5. a first-stage machine water vapor dust outlet; 6. a section of front backing ring and a driving assembly; 7. a first stage of machine warm air boiling bed; 8. a section of machine mesh rotary drum; 9. a first section of machine drying air chamber; 10. A section of rear backing ring and a driving assembly; 11. a section of mechanical kiln hood; 12. a first-stage grain outlet; 13. An air locking valve at the grain outlet of the first-stage machine; 14. a first-stage machine hot air blast chamber; 15. a section of front supporting wheel assembly of the machine; 16. a section of rear riding wheel assembly; 17. an air outlet of the second-stage machine; 18. a two-stage machine hot air fluidized bed; 19. A hot grain outlet; 20. the hot grain outlet is locked with an air valve; 21. a two-section main dryer shell; 22. a hot air outlet of the three-section cooling chamber; 23. a hot air inlet of the two-stage machine; 24. a three-segment housing; 25. a three-section machine warm air inlet; 26. a clean grain outlet for dry grain; 27. three sections of machine warm air boiling beds; 28. a base; 29. a section of machine soil bin; 30. a soil outlet trough valve; 31. a water curtain dust remover; 32. a water tank; 33. the water level; 34. A partition plate; 35. a blast box of the two-stage machine; 36. a blast box of the three-segment machine; 37. a second-stage air bed bottom plate; 38. Three-section air bed bottom plate; 39. a feeding pipe air locking valve; 40. an overflow port; 41. a trailer tray; 42. a trailer coupling ring; 43. the front wheel of the trailer; 44. a trailer rear wheel; 45. a sewage draining outlet; 46. an air-source heat pump; 47. A booster fan A; 48. a booster fan B; 49. a dehydrator A; 50. a dehydrator B; 51. water outlets A, 52 and a water outlet B; 53. an air inlet of the air energy heat pump; 54, a hot air outlet of the air energy heat pump; 55. An air locking valve is arranged at the clean grain outlet of the dry grain; 56. cleaning the dry grains; 57. wet grain; 58. a blast nozzle; 59. an air inlet hole of the blast nozzle; 60. an air blowing nozzle exhaust hole; 61. a spiral sheet; 62. a pipe head for the outlet of the clean grain.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples, which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
An energy-saving movable grain dryer is shown in figures 1-11, and comprises a first-section roller pretreatment dryer 2, a second-section main dryer drying chamber 3, a third-section cooling chamber 4, an air energy heat pump 46 and a water curtain dust remover 31 in sequence along the grain moving direction;
the section of roller pretreatment dryer 2 comprises a section of machine mesh-shaped rotary drum 8 and a section of machine hot air blast chamber 14;
the section of machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder 8 comprises a section of machine front supporting ring and driving assembly 6 and a section of machine rear supporting ring and driving assembly 10 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the section of machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder, and the section of machine front supporting ring and driving assembly 6 and the section of machine rear supporting ring and driving assembly 10 are respectively supported on a section of machine front supporting wheel assembly 15 and a section of machine rear supporting wheel assembly 16; a plurality of sieve meshes phi 3-5 mm are uniformly arranged on the first-stage machine reticular rotary cylinder 8, and a material conveying spiral piece 61 is arranged in the sieve meshes; two ends of the section of the machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder are provided with kiln head covers 11; one end of the section of machine net-shaped rotary cylinder 8 is connected with a feeding hopper 1, the other end of the section of machine net-shaped rotary cylinder is provided with a section of grain outlet 12, a feeding pipe air locking valve 39 is arranged on a feeding pipe of the feeding hopper 1, and a section of machine grain outlet air locking valve 13 is arranged on the section of grain outlet 12; the first-section grain outlet 12 is communicated with the drying chamber 3 of the two-section main dryer; the section of the machine net-shaped rotary cylinder 8 is horizontally arranged and penetrates through the section of the machine drying air chamber 9, and the upper part of the section of the machine drying air chamber 9 is provided with a section of the machine water vapor dust outlet 5; the first-section machine hot air blast chamber 14 is arranged below the first-section machine reticular rotary drum 8; a section of machine soil bin 29 is arranged below the section of machine hot air blast chamber 14;
the two-section main dryer drying chamber 3 comprises a two-section main dryer shell 21 and an airflow boiling bed device, the airflow boiling bed device of the two-section main dryer drying chamber 3 is provided with a two-section machine hot air inlet 23, and the two-section machine hot air inlet 23 is connected with an air outlet of an air energy heat pump 46; the two-section main dryer drying chamber 3 is provided with a two-section air outlet 17, the two-section air outlet 17 is connected with an air inlet of the air energy heat pump 46, and a dehydrator B50 and a booster fan B48 are sequentially arranged between the two-section air outlet 17 and the air inlet of the air energy heat pump 46; the lower part of the dehydrator B50 is provided with a water outlet B52; the drying chamber 3 of the two-section main dryer is provided with a hot grain outlet 19, and the hot grain outlet 19 leads to the three-section temperature reduction chamber 4;
the three-stage temperature reduction chamber 4 comprises a three-stage shell 24 and an air flow boiling bed device; the three-stage temperature reduction chamber 4 is provided with three-stage temperature reduction chamber hot air outlets 22, and the three-stage temperature reduction chamber hot air outlets 22 lead to the first-stage machine hot air blast chamber 14; the airflow boiling bed device of the three-section cooling chamber 4 is provided with three sections of machine warm air inlets 25; the three temperature reducing chambers 4 are provided with a clean grain outlet 26; the clean dry grain outlet 26 is provided with a clean dry grain outlet air locking valve 55 and is connected with a clean dry grain outlet pipe head 62;
as shown in fig. 5 to 11, the fluidized bed device of the air flow of the drying chamber 3 of the two-stage primary dryer comprises a two-stage blower box 35 and a two-stage blower bed bottom plate 37 arranged at the upper part of the two-stage blower box 35; the structure of the airflow fluidized bed device of the three-section temperature reduction chamber 4 is the same as that of the airflow fluidized bed device of the two-section main dryer drying chamber 3, and the airflow fluidized bed device of the three-section temperature reduction chamber 4 comprises a three-section blower box 36 and a three-section blower bed bottom plate 38 arranged at the upper part of the three-section blower box 36; a plurality of blast nozzles 58 are arranged on the two-section air bed bottom plate 37 and the three-section air bed bottom plate 38; the blast nozzle 58 comprises a blast nozzle air inlet hole 59 and a blast nozzle air outlet hole 60; the upper surfaces of the two-section air bed bottom plate 37 and the three-section air bed bottom plate 38 are respectively provided with a plurality of partition plates 34, and the heights of the partition plates 34 are sequentially reduced on the air bed bottom plate along the grain movement direction;
the water curtain dust remover 31 comprises an overflow port 40 and a sewage discharge port 45, the inlet of the water curtain dust remover is connected with a section of machine steam dust outlet 5, the outlet of the water curtain dust remover 31 is connected with a three-section machine warm air inlet 25, and a dehydrator A49 and a booster fan A47 are sequentially arranged between the outlet of the water curtain dust remover 31 and the three-section machine warm air inlet 25; the lower part of the dehydrator A49 is provided with a water outlet A51; the water outlet A51 of the dehydrator A49 is connected with the water curtain dust remover 31.
The first-section roller pretreatment dryer 2, the second-section main dryer drying chamber 3 and the third-section temperature reduction chamber 4 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the bottom of the third-section temperature reduction chamber 4 is provided with a base 28; the base 28 is fixed on a trailer tray 41, a trailer front wheel 43 and a trailer rear wheel 44 are arranged below the trailer tray 41, and a trailer connecting ring 42 is arranged at one end of the trailer tray and can be connected with a tractor and can be moved to other destinations for use.
The working process of the device of the invention is briefly described as follows:
(1) pretreatment process air system
One-segment machine water vapor dust outlet 5 → water curtain dust remover 31 (dust removal) → booster fan A47 → dehydrator A49 → three-segment machine warm air inlet 25 → three-segment machine air bed bottom plate 38 → blower nozzle 58 → three-segment cooling chamber 4 → three-segment cooling chamber hot air outlet 22 → one-segment machine hot air blast chamber 14 → one-segment machine reticular rotary cylinder 8 → two-segment main dryer drying chamber 3 → one-segment machine water vapor dust outlet 5
And completing a closed-loop self-circulation system in the processes of hot air cooling → heating → dehydration, dust removal → heating and the like.
(2) Drying process air system
Second-stage air outlet 17 → booster fan B48 → dehydrator B49 → air-energy heat pump air inlet 53 → air-energy heat pump 46 → air-energy heat pump hot air outlet 54 → second-stage air inlet 23 → second-stage air blower box 35 → second-stage air blower bed bottom plate 37 → blower nozzle 58 → second-stage main dryer drying chamber 3 → second-stage air outlet 17
And completing a closed-loop self-circulation system in the processes of hot air cooling → dehydration, dust removal → temperature rise → temperature reduction and the like.
(3) Grain operation system
Wet grain 57 → loading hopper 1 → first drum pretreatment dryer 2 → first machine grain outlet 12 → first machine grain outlet air lock valve 13 → second main dryer drying chamber 3 → dried hot grain outlet 19 → hot grain outlet air lock valve 20 → third cooling chamber 4 → clean grain outlet 26 → clean grain outlet air lock valve 55 → clean grain outlet pipe head 62 → clean grain 56, completing the drying of wet grain 57.
When the grain dryer is used, wet grains 57 are put into the charging hopper 1 and enter the section of the machine mesh-shaped rotary drum 8; warm air at a hot air outlet 22 of the three-section cooling chamber is fed into a hot air blowing chamber 14 of the first section of machine, a hot air boiling bed 7 of the first section of machine is formed under a drying air chamber 9 of the first section of machine, then the warm air passes through meshes of a meshed rotary cylinder 8 of the first section of machine, wet grains 57 are made to be in a boiling state under the warm air and are mutually polished, water on the surfaces of the grains is dried and evaporated through warm pre-drying treatment of 10-30 min, and soil on the surfaces of the grains is also polished. Impurities such as fluff, coating shells, blades, root scraps and the like mixed in the grains and most of fine dust are discharged from a water vapor dust outlet 5 of the first-stage machine together with water vapor and enter a water curtain dust remover 31 for dust removal treatment; the soil adhered on the grain surface falls into a section of machine soil bin 29 and is discharged from a soil outlet groove valve 30;
the grains after the first-stage warming and drying treatment fall into the drying chamber 3 of the two-stage main dryer from the grain outlet 12 of the first-stage dryer. The two-stage primary dryer drying chamber 3 is a deep drying chamber, and the heat source thereof is from an air energy heat pump 46. The airflow boiling bed device forms a hot air boiling bed 18 of the two-stage dryer below the drying chamber 3 of the two-stage main dryer, so that grains move in a boiling state. When grains are dried, part of dust, residual fluff, fragments and other impurities are blown out for the second time, the impurities and the steam with the temperature of 40-45 ℃ formed by deeply drying the grains are removed through the air outlet 17 of the two-stage machine and the dehydrator A49, 90-95% of moisture and a small part of dust in the steam are removed, clean hot air enters the air inlet 53 of the air energy heat pump to be reheated, and the clean hot air is led to the hot air inlet 23 of the two-stage machine from the air energy heat pump air outlet 54 to form hot air circulation.
After deep drying in the drying chamber 3 of the two-section main dryer, the grains automatically move to the hot grain outlet 19 and enter the three-section cooling chamber 4. The dried grains entering the three-section cooling chamber 4 have sensible heat of 45-50 ℃. The hot air of 22-32 ℃ discharged from the first-stage machine water vapor dust outlet 5, dedusted by a water curtain and dehydrated enters the airflow fluidized bed device of the three-stage temperature reduction chamber 4 through the three-stage machine hot air inlet 25, so that the three-stage temperature reduction chamber 4 forms a three-stage machine hot air fluidized bed, and grains are cooled; meanwhile, anhydrous warm air at the temperature of 30-38 ℃ is obtained, third dust removal is carried out, and the dry warm air passes through a hot air outlet of the three-section temperature reduction chamber and then enters the hot air blast chamber 14 of the first-section machine. After being cooled by wind, the dried grains automatically move to a clean grain outlet 26 to be discharged, and then the clean grain 56 is formed.
The liquid water separated from the dehydrator A49 automatically flows into the water curtain dust remover 31 to supplement water after being discharged from a water outlet A51 of the dehydrator A49, and the water curtain dust remover 31 is provided with an overflow port 40 and a sewage outlet 45. When the water exceeds the water level 33, the overflow port 40 begins to drain. The sewage outlet 45 can be opened periodically to discharge the impurity wastes in the water tank 32 in time.
The liquid water separated by the dehydrator A49 has sensible heat of 40-45 ℃, so that the water temperature of the water tank 32 in the water curtain dust remover 31 is about 40-45 ℃, and when the water vapor containing impurities at the temperature of 22-32 ℃ enters the water curtain dust remover 31 from the water vapor dust outlet 5 of the first-stage dehydrator, the water vapor passes through water mist and sweeps over the water liquid surface, the air temperature of the water vapor after dust removal is slightly increased.
The temperatures of the examples are described under the premise that the weather temperature is 16 ℃.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. An energy-saving movable grain dryer is characterized by sequentially comprising a first-section roller pretreatment dryer (2), a second-section main dryer drying chamber (3), a third-section cooling chamber (4), an air energy heat pump (46) and a water curtain dust remover (31) along the moving direction of grains;
the first section of roller pretreatment dryer (2) comprises a first section of net-shaped rotary drum (8), a first section of machine drying air chamber (9) and a first section of machine hot air blast chamber (14); the section of machine net-shaped rotary cylinder (8) comprises a section of machine front supporting ring and driving assembly (6) and a section of machine rear supporting ring and driving assembly (10) which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the section of machine net-shaped rotary cylinder; a material conveying spiral sheet (61) is arranged in the section of machine net-shaped rotary cylinder (8); one end of the section of machine reticular rotary cylinder (8) is connected with the charging hopper (1), and the other end is provided with a section of grain outlet (12); the first-section grain outlet (12) is communicated with a drying chamber (3) of the two-section main dryer; the section of the machine net-shaped rotary cylinder (8) penetrates through the section of the machine drying air chamber (9), and the upper part of the section of the machine drying air chamber (9) is provided with a section of the machine water vapor dust outlet (5); the first section of machine hot air blast chamber (14) is arranged below the first section of machine reticular rotary drum (8);
the two-section main dryer drying chamber (3) comprises a two-section main dryer shell (21) and an airflow fluidized bed device, the airflow fluidized bed device of the two-section main dryer drying chamber (3) is provided with a two-section machine hot air inlet (23), and the two-section machine hot air inlet (23) is connected with an air outlet of an air energy heat pump (46); the two-section main dryer drying chamber (3) is provided with a two-section machine air outlet (17), the two-section machine air outlet (17) is connected with an air inlet of an air energy heat pump (46), and a dehydrator B (50) is arranged between the two-section machine air outlet (17) and the air inlet of the air energy heat pump (46); the drying chamber (3) of the two-section main dryer is provided with a hot grain outlet (19), and the hot grain outlet (19) is communicated with the three-section temperature reduction chamber (4);
the three-stage cooling chamber (4) comprises a three-stage casing (24) and an air flow boiling bed device; the three-stage temperature reduction chamber (4) is provided with three-stage temperature reduction chamber hot air outlets (22), and the three-stage temperature reduction chamber hot air outlets (22) are communicated with a first-stage machine hot air blast chamber (14); the airflow boiling bed device of the three-section cooling chamber (4) is provided with three sections of machine warm air inlets (25); the three temperature reducing chambers (4) are provided with a clean grain outlet (26);
an air inlet of the water curtain dust remover (31) is connected with a section of machine steam dust outlet (5), an air outlet of the water curtain dust remover (31) is connected with a three-section machine warm air inlet (25), and a dehydrator A (49) is arranged between the air outlet of the water curtain dust remover (31) and the three-section machine warm air inlet (25);
the wind direction flow of the grain dryer is controlled by a booster fan.
2. The grain dryer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fluidized-bed device comprises a blast box and a bottom plate of the blast box; a plurality of blast nozzles (58) are arranged on the air bed bottom plate.
3. The grain dryer as claimed in claim 2, wherein said blowing nozzles (58) are uniformly arranged on the bottom plate of the air bed; the air blast nozzle (58) comprises an air blast nozzle air inlet hole (59) and an air blast nozzle air outlet hole (60).
4. The grain dryer as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plurality of partitions (34) are formed on the upper surface of the air bed bottom plate, and the heights of the partitions (34) are sequentially reduced along the grain moving direction on the air bed bottom plate.
5. The grain dryer as claimed in claim 1, wherein a section of machine soil bin (29) is provided below said section of machine hot air blast chamber (14).
6. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein said length of machine drum (8) is mounted horizontally; a plurality of sieve meshes phi 3-5 mm are uniformly arranged on the first-stage machine reticular rotary cylinder (8); kiln head covers (11) are arranged at two ends of the section of the machine mesh-shaped rotary cylinder.
7. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein a booster fan B (48) is arranged between the air outlet (17) of the two-stage machine and the air inlet of the air energy heat pump (46); a booster fan A (47) is arranged between the air outlet of the water curtain dust remover (31) and the warm air inlet (25) of the three-section machine.
8. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the loading hopper (1), the first section grain outlet (12), the hot grain outlet (19) and the dry grain outlet (26) are all provided with air locking valves.
9. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the section of the front supporting ring and driving assembly (6) and the section of the rear supporting ring and driving assembly (10) are respectively supported on a section of the front supporting wheel assembly (15) and a section of the rear supporting wheel assembly (16); the bottom of the machine body of the grain dryer is provided with a trailer plate (41); the bottom of the trailer tray (41) is provided with trailer wheels, and one end of the trailer tray (41) is provided with a trailer connecting ring (42).
10. The grain dryer according to claim 1, wherein the water curtain dust collector (31) is provided with an overflow port (40) and a drain outlet (45); the water outlet A (51) of the dehydrator A (49) is connected with the water curtain dust remover (31).
CN202010041860.5A 2020-01-15 2020-01-15 Energy-conserving mobilizable grain drying-machine Active CN111219952B (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014141619A (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-08-07 Babcock-Hitachi Co Ltd Manufacturing apparatus of modified coal and fire power power-generating plant with the same
CN105509418A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-04-20 阜阳市格林机械有限责任公司 Movable grain dryer
CN206094849U (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-04-12 辽宁博联特冶金科技有限公司 Device with hot -air stoving fertilizer
CN108286882A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-17 金再欣 A kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly foodstuff drying device
CN207635763U (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-07-20 邛崃市盛香粮油厂 A kind of drying unit of rapeseed
CN208720750U (en) * 2018-07-24 2019-04-09 湖南春雨生物科技有限公司 A kind of organic fertilizer dryer
CN208805031U (en) * 2018-06-26 2019-04-30 多麦(福建)食品有限公司 A kind of dust-extraction unit of foodstuff drying device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014141619A (en) * 2013-01-25 2014-08-07 Babcock-Hitachi Co Ltd Manufacturing apparatus of modified coal and fire power power-generating plant with the same
CN105509418A (en) * 2016-01-26 2016-04-20 阜阳市格林机械有限责任公司 Movable grain dryer
CN206094849U (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-04-12 辽宁博联特冶金科技有限公司 Device with hot -air stoving fertilizer
CN207635763U (en) * 2017-12-26 2018-07-20 邛崃市盛香粮油厂 A kind of drying unit of rapeseed
CN108286882A (en) * 2018-03-20 2018-07-17 金再欣 A kind of energy-saving and environment-friendly foodstuff drying device
CN208805031U (en) * 2018-06-26 2019-04-30 多麦(福建)食品有限公司 A kind of dust-extraction unit of foodstuff drying device
CN208720750U (en) * 2018-07-24 2019-04-09 湖南春雨生物科技有限公司 A kind of organic fertilizer dryer

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