CN111218634A - Method for improving cavitation erosion resistance of ship propeller - Google Patents
Method for improving cavitation erosion resistance of ship propeller Download PDFInfo
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- CN111218634A CN111218634A CN202010149577.4A CN202010149577A CN111218634A CN 111218634 A CN111218634 A CN 111218634A CN 202010149577 A CN202010149577 A CN 202010149577A CN 111218634 A CN111218634 A CN 111218634A
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- manganese aluminum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F3/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/05—Alloys based on copper with manganese as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving cavitation erosion resistance of a ship propeller, wherein the ship propeller is made of high-manganese aluminum bronze, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) surface pretreatment: preparing an as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze plate, and performing cutting, polishing and sand blasting treatment; (2) surface laser remelting: and adjusting the laser power, scanning speed and flow parameters of the protective gas of the laser, and scanning the surface of the as-cast high-manganese aluminum bronze plate after surface pretreatment by the laser to obtain a surface remelting modification layer. Compared with the traditional surfacing and coating processes, the method for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of the ship propeller does not need additional materials in laser remelting treatment, utilizes laser to melt the metal surface and then quickly cools and crystallizes the metal surface, so that grains are refined, a remelted layer and a matrix are metallurgically bonded, and the change of internal structure and performance is avoided; and when the modified material is applied to the curved surface propeller blade, the operation is flexible, and large-area modification treatment can be efficiently realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving cavitation erosion resistance of a ship propeller, and belongs to the technical field of corrosion prevention.
Background
The ship is an important marine vehicle, and the propeller is an important propulsion device for ensuring the safe navigation of the ship, and is immersed in seawater for a long time and rotates at high speed, so that the problems of corrosion and cavitation corrosion are encountered. Cavitation erosion (cavitation for short) is damage to materials caused by cavitation processes of bubble nucleation, growth and collapse due to pressure fluctuation inside liquid. When the bubbles collapse, the bubbles impact the surface of the material in the form of shock waves or micro-jet flows, so that deformation and weight loss are caused. Therefore, propeller materials are required to have excellent seawater corrosion resistance and cavitation erosion resistance.
The high manganese aluminum bronze is one of the main materials for preparing the marine propeller. At present, the propeller is manufactured mainly by sand casting, and the cast high manganese aluminum bronze structure has the defects of coarse grains, complex structure, component segregation and the like, so that the mechanical property, the corrosion resistance, the cavitation corrosion resistance and the like of the casting are reduced, and the service life of the propeller is further shortened. Aiming at the problem, the main measures at present include repairing the surface of the damaged propeller by adopting surfacing welding, locally strengthening the cast-state propeller by friction stir processing or preparing a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating on the surface of the propeller by adopting a coating process and the like. However, additional welding materials are needed for surfacing, welding defects such as a large amount of residual stress, introduction of a heat affected zone with weak mechanical properties and the like can be caused in the welding process, the stirring friction processing is not easy to implement in a large area due to the curved surface shape of the propeller, and the coating process has the problems of pores and poor binding force with a material substrate.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of a ship propeller, which avoids the defects of welding defects, large residual stress and easy peeling of a coating in a coating process in the traditional surfacing welding, obviously improves the surface hardness and the cavitation erosion resistance of cast high manganese aluminum bronze, and prolongs the service life of the propeller.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for improving cavitation erosion resistance of a ship propeller is characterized in that the ship propeller is made of high-manganese aluminum bronze, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) surface pretreatment: preparing an as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze plate, and performing cutting, polishing and sand blasting treatment;
(2) surface laser remelting: and adjusting the laser power, scanning speed and flow parameters of the protective gas of the laser, and scanning the surface of the as-cast high-manganese aluminum bronze plate after surface pretreatment by the laser to obtain a surface remelting modification layer.
Further, the chemical composition of the high manganese aluminum bronze is 7.28 wt.% of Al, 2.10wt.% of Ni, 3.62wt.% of Fe, 12.35 wt.% of Mn, and the balance of Cu.
Further, in the step (1), the cutting size of the as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze plate is 200 mm × 20 mm × 6 mm.
Further, in the step (1), the as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze plate subjected to sand blasting is ultrasonically cleaned and dried by alcohol, and then is placed into an oven to be preheated to 200 ℃.
Further, the laser scanning power of the laser in the step (2) is 2.5-5kW, the scanning speed is 60-240mm/min, the protective gas is argon, and the argon flow rate is 12 mL/min.
Further, the surface laser remelting is single-pass treatment, and the rate of overlap between laser welding passes is 50%.
Has the advantages that: the method for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of the ship propeller provided by the invention adopts the laser surface remelting technology to refine and homogenize the cast high manganese aluminum bronze surface structure, thereby improving the cavitation erosion resistance of the ship propeller. Compared with the traditional surfacing and coating process, the laser remelting treatment does not need to add additional materials, the metal surface is melted by utilizing laser and then is rapidly cooled and crystallized, so that the crystal grains are refined, the remelted layer and the matrix are metallurgically bonded, and the internal structure and the performance are not changed. And the laser remelting is flexible to operate when applied to the curved surface propeller blade, and can efficiently realize large-area modification treatment.
the surface remelting layer is a single β phase, mainly comprises fine isometric crystals and fine columnar crystals vertical to the molten pool direction, the depth can reach about 200 mu m, the hardness is improved to about 1.5 times of that of an as-cast matrix, and galvanic corrosion of an as-cast multiphase structure in a corrosive medium can be avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structure of a high manganese aluminum bronze after remelting on the surface by laser;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure of a high manganese aluminum bronze after laser surface remelting;
FIG. 4 is a graph of cavitation weight loss versus time;
FIG. 5 is a cavitation erosion morphology of as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze;
FIG. 6 shows the cavitation erosion morphology of the high manganese aluminum bronze after laser surface remelting.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
Examples
The marine propeller material in this embodiment is high manganese aluminum bronze, and its chemical composition is 7.28 wt.% Al, 2.10wt.% Ni, 3.62wt.% Fe, 12.35 wt.% Mn, and the balance is Cu.
A method for improving cavitation erosion resistance of a ship propeller comprises the following steps:
(1) surface pretreatment: preparing an as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze plate, cutting the plate into 200 mm multiplied by 20 mm multiplied by 6 mm, and then polishing and sand blasting to reduce the reflectivity of the copper plate to laser beams in the remelting process; ultrasonically cleaning and drying the sand-blasted as-cast high-manganese aluminum bronze plate by using alcohol, then putting the copper plate into an oven to preheat the copper plate to 200 ℃, and preventing the copper plate from dissipating heat quickly and having large temperature gradient in the remelting process to cause large stress and deformation.
(2) Surface laser remelting: the GD-ECYW300 of a large laser welder is used, the diameter of a laser spot is 1 mm, the laser power of the laser is adjusted to be 5kW, the scanning speed is 60 mm/min, single-pass treatment is carried out, the lapping rate between laser welding passes is 50%, meanwhile, a protective atmosphere device is opened, argon gas and the flow rate are controlled to be 12mL/min, and oxidation in the remelting process is prevented. Based on the microstructure of the modified layer obtained under the condition of multiple groups of parameters, the depth of the modified layer obtained under the condition of matching of the parameters of 5kW of laser power and 60 mm/min of scanning speed is the largest, and the microstructure is fine and uniform.
FIG. 1 is a sectional structure diagram of a high manganese aluminum bronze after laser surface remelting, from which it can be seen that the laser remelted layer has a thickness of about 195 μm, FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of an as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze, FIG. 3 is a microstructure diagram of a high manganese aluminum bronze after laser surface remelting, from FIGS. 2 and 3 it can be seen that the structure after laser surface remelting is significantly refined and homogenized without a large grain intermetallic kappa phase in the as-cast structure, resulting in a single β phase structure, mainly equiaxed fine grains and columnar grains partially perpendicular to the melt pool interface, and the surface microhardness of a high manganese aluminum bronze after laser surface remelting is HV 282, which is improved by about 50% compared to the as-cast state (187 HV).
According to ASTM G32-10, an ultrasonic vibration cavitation equipment is adopted to characterize cavitation behavior, the working frequency of the equipment is 20 kHz, the amplitude is 60 mu m, the high manganese aluminum bronze is immersed in 3.5% NaCl solution after the cast and laser surface remelting, the distance between the surface of a sample and the liquid level is 15 mm, and a cavitation weight loss-time curve chart is shown in figure 4. After cavitation erosion for 5 h, the cavitation erosion weight loss ratio of the as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze is 1.3833 mg cm-2·h-1The cavitation weight loss ratio of the high manganese aluminum bronze subjected to the laser surface remelting treatment is 0.5445 mg cm-2the weight loss ratio of the high manganese aluminum bronze subjected to the laser surface remelting treatment is only about 2/5 of that of the as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze, the figure 5 shows that the as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze has cavitation erosion appearance, a plurality of cavitation pits appear on the surface, and the beta phase is cleaved and broken, the figure 6 shows that the as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze has cavitation erosion appearance after the laser surface remelting treatment, and the surface damage is uniformUniform and without obvious large-size cavitation pits. Therefore, the hardness and the cavitation erosion performance of the high manganese aluminum bronze subjected to the laser surface remelting treatment are both obviously improved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for improving cavitation erosion resistance of a ship propeller is characterized in that the ship propeller is made of high-manganese aluminum bronze: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) surface pretreatment: preparing an as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze plate, and performing cutting, polishing and sand blasting treatment;
(2) surface laser remelting: and adjusting the laser power, scanning speed and flow parameters of the protective gas of the laser, and scanning the surface of the as-cast high-manganese aluminum bronze plate after surface pretreatment by the laser to obtain a surface remelting modification layer.
2. The method for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of the ship propeller as recited in claim 1, wherein: the high manganese aluminum bronze comprises the following chemical components: 7.28 wt.% Al, 2.10wt.% Ni, 3.62wt.% Fe, 12.35 wt.% Mn, with the balance being Cu.
3. The method for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of the ship propeller as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the cutting size of the as-cast high manganese aluminum bronze plate is 200 mm multiplied by 20 mm multiplied by 6 mm.
4. The method for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of the ship propeller as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the as-cast high-manganese aluminum bronze plate subjected to sand blasting is ultrasonically cleaned and dried by alcohol, and then is preheated to 200 ℃ in an oven.
5. The method for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of the ship propeller as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the laser scanning power of the laser is 2.5-5kW, the scanning speed is 60-240mm/min, the protective gas is argon, and the argon flow rate is 12 mL/min.
6. The method for improving the cavitation erosion resistance of the ship propeller as recited in claim 1, wherein: the surface laser remelting is single-pass treatment, and the lapping rate between laser welding beads is 50%.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111850546A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-30 | 华中科技大学 | Method for repairing nickel-aluminum bronze part through laser cladding and product thereof |
| CN112941440A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing non-equilibrium ultrafine structure alloy by using high-energy beam |
| CN113584343A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-02 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant high-manganese aluminum bronze alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114480911A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-05-13 | 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 | High-forgeability manganese-aluminum-iron bronze alloy and smelting method |
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2020
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111850546A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-30 | 华中科技大学 | Method for repairing nickel-aluminum bronze part through laser cladding and product thereof |
| CN112941440A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-11 | 北京科技大学 | Method for preparing non-equilibrium ultrafine structure alloy by using high-energy beam |
| CN113584343A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-11-02 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant high-manganese aluminum bronze alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114480911A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-05-13 | 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 | High-forgeability manganese-aluminum-iron bronze alloy and smelting method |
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Application publication date: 20200602 |