CN111211702A - 修正调制波获取方法及单相级联h桥整流器模型预测控制方法 - Google Patents

修正调制波获取方法及单相级联h桥整流器模型预测控制方法 Download PDF

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CN111211702A
CN111211702A CN202010116778.4A CN202010116778A CN111211702A CN 111211702 A CN111211702 A CN 111211702A CN 202010116778 A CN202010116778 A CN 202010116778A CN 111211702 A CN111211702 A CN 111211702A
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熊成林
梅荣
宋爽
宋智威
黄路
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
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    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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    • H02M7/53873—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with digital control
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    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0016—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters
    • H02M1/0022—Control circuits providing compensation of output voltage deviations using feedforward of disturbance parameters the disturbance parameters being input voltage fluctuations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/25—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in series, e.g. for multiplication of voltage

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种修正调制波获取方法及单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法，属于电力电子领域。该修正调制波获取方法包括获取调制波uabα；将设定网侧电流在q轴上的分量iNq *与瞬时网侧电流在q轴上的分量iNq做差后输入PI控制器；将PI控制器的输出乘以cosωt得到调制波偏移量Δuabα；将调制波uabα与调制波偏移量Δuabα做差后得到修正调制波uabα’，其中ωt为基于正弦情况下的电网电压相位。该单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法包括获取修正调制波uabα’，分量iNq *为0，之后将修正调制波uabα’代替调制波uabα进行单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制。本发明通过修正调制波消除电感参数不匹配造成的稳态误差，增加控制精度，提高模型预测控制的准确性，提升系统的稳态性能。

Description

修正调制波获取方法及单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电力电子控制领域，具体涉及一种修正调制波获取方法及单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法。
背景技术
高速铁路在现代化交通占据着重要地位。由于传统变压器存在体积大，重量大的缺点，为实现车载小型化和轻量化的目标，电力电子变压器得到广泛应用。单相级联H桥整流器作为电力电子变压器的前级输入，其运行性能至关重要。
针对级联H桥整流器的控制方法一般可分为电流控制和功率控制。目前，直接电流控制(directcurrentcontrol,DCC)包括滞环控制、瞬态电流比例积分(proportionalintegral,PI)电流控制、比例谐振(proportionalresonant,PR)电流控制、dq坐标系电压定向电流控制、模型预测电流控制等。功率控制包括模型预测功率控制等。
近年来，由于模型预测控制(包括模型预测电流控制和模型预测电压控制)具有动态响应速度快，功率跟踪特性好等优势，得到了广泛的应用。模型预测控制依赖于精确的数学模型，当模型中存在参数变化或者数学建模中存在误差时，控制效果将会变差。在实际运行中，由于设备老化、变压器直流偏磁等情况，电路中的电感参数与数学建模中电感参数的不匹配，会导致模型预测控制的准确性降低。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的上述不足，本发明旨在提供一种修正调制波获取方法及单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法，该单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法能够提高模型预测控制的准确性。
为了达到上述发明创造的目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
提供一种修正调制波的获取方法，其包括：
获取调制波uabα；
将设定网侧电流在q轴上的分量iNq *与瞬时网侧电流在q轴上的分量iNq做差后输入PI控制器，将PI控制器的输出乘以cosωt得到调制波偏移量Δuabα；将调制波uabα与调制波偏移量Δuabα做差后得到修正调制波uabα’，其中ωt为基于正弦情况下的电网电压相位。
进一步地，为进一步提高模型预测控制方法的准确性，PI控制器的比例系数和积分系数的获取方法包括：
将积分系数置0后，逐渐增大比例系数，直至分量iNq出现振荡，之后逐渐减小比例系数，直至分量iNq的振荡消失，将PI控制器的比例系数更新为当前的比例系数；
以PI控制器的比例系数为基础，设定积分系数的初始值，接着逐渐减小积分系数，直至分量iNq出现振荡，之后逐步增大积分系数，直至分量iNq振荡消失且iNq跟踪上i* Nq；将PI控制器的积分系数更新为当前的积分系数。
进一步地，获取调制波uabα的方法包括：获取整流器输入侧电压在dq坐标系下的电压分量uabd和uabq；将电压分量uabd和uabq经过d-q反变换得到调制波uabα，从而实现有功、无功分量的解耦控制。
进一步地，为便于设计滤波器，获取电压分量uabd和uabq的方法包括：
根据整流器电路拓扑结构和基尔霍夫电压定律得到αβ轴静止坐标系下整流器交流侧电压电流关系式；
根据整流器交流侧电压电流关系式得到整流器输入侧电压uab在dq坐标系下的电压分量uabd和uabq的表达式；
将电压分量uabd和uabq的表达式变换为包含开关频率Ts的表达式得到电压分量uabd和uabq。
另一方面，本方案还提供一种单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法，其包括根据本方案提供的方法获取修正调制波uabα’，分量iNq *为0，之后将修正调制波uabα’代替调制波uabα进行单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明通过修正调制波消除电感参数不匹配造成的稳态误差，增加控制精度，提高模型预测控制的准确性，提升系统的稳态性能。
附图说明
图1为单相级联H桥七电平整流器的拓扑结构图；
图2为图1所示单相级联H桥七电平整流器输入侧电压在dq坐标系下的电压分量uabd和uabq的原理框图；
图3为图1所示单相级联H桥七电平整流器模型预测控制方法中修正调制波uabα’的原理框图；
图4为具体实施例中单相级联H桥七电平整流器模型预测控制方法的原理框图；
图5为电感误差补偿前的网侧电压电流波形图；
图6为电感误差补偿后的网侧电压电流波形图；
图7为稳态情况时电感误差补偿前FFT分析电流谐波含量图；
图8为稳态情况时电感误差补偿后FFT分析电流谐波含量图；
图9为电感误差补偿前后网测电流d轴分量和q轴分量的波形图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明的具体实施方式做详细说明，以便于本技术领域的技术人员理解本发明。但应该清楚，下文所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。在不脱离所附的权利要求限定和确定的本发明的精神和范围内，本领域技术人员在没有做出任何创造性劳动所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明的保护范围。
该修正调制波的获取方法包括：
获取调制波uabα；
将设定网侧电流在q轴上的分量iNq *与瞬时网侧电流在q轴上的分量iNq做差后输入PI控制器；
将PI控制器的输出乘以cosωt得到调制波偏移量Δuabα；
将调制波uabα与调制波偏移量Δuabα做差后得到修正调制波uabα’，其中ωt为基于正弦情况下的电网电压相位。
实施时，本方案优选PI控制器的比例系数和积分系数的获取方法包括：
将积分系数置0后，逐渐增大比例系数，直至分量iNq出现振荡，之后逐渐减小比例系数，直至分量iNq的振荡消失，将PI控制器的比例系数更新为当前的比例系数；
以PI控制器的比例系数为基础，设定积分系数的初始值，接着逐渐减小积分系数，直至分量iNq出现振荡，之后逐步增大积分系数，直至分量iNq振荡消失且iNq跟踪上i* Nq，将PI控制器的积分系数更新为当前的积分系数。具体地，当PI控制器的比例系数确定后，其积分系数的初始值＝100×PI控制器的比例系数。
以图1所示单相级联H桥整流器为例，对获取调制波uabα的方法进行描述，该方法包括：
首先获取整流器输入侧电压在dq坐标系下的电压分量uabd和uabq：
根据整流器电路拓扑结构和基尔霍夫电压定律得到αβ轴静止坐标系下整流器交流侧电压电流关系式：
Figure BDA0002391733950000051
其中，uNd、iNd分别为网侧电压和电流在d轴上的分量；uNq、iNq分别为网侧电压和电流在q轴上的分量；ω为角频率，LN为网侧电感的实际参数。
根据整流器交流侧电压电流关系式得到整流器输入侧电压uab在dq坐标系下的电压分量uabd和uabq的表达式；
Figure BDA0002391733950000052
将电压分量uabd和uabq的表达式变换为包含开关频率Ts的表达式得到电压分量uabd和uabq(整流器开关频率Ts固定，便于设计滤波器)，其原理框图如图2所示：
Figure BDA0002391733950000053
然后，将电压分量uabd和uabq经过d-q反变换得到调制波uabα，其原理框图如图3所示。
另一方面，本方案还提供一种单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法，其包括根据本方案提供的方法获取修正调制波uabα’，分量iNq *为0，之后将修正调制波uabα’代替调制波uabα进行单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制。
在一实施例中，单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法如图4所示。通过仿真电感误差补偿前后(也即采用本模型预测控制方法前后)得到的结果如图5至图9所示，从图5至图9得知本模型预测控制方法能够消除电感参数不匹配造成的稳态误差，增加控制精度，提高模型预测控制的准确性，提升系统的稳态性能。

Claims (5)

1.一种修正调制波的获取方法，其特征在于，包括：
获取调制波uabα；
将设定网侧电流在q轴上的分量iNq *与瞬时网侧电流在q轴上的分量iNq做差后输入PI控制器；
将PI控制器的输出乘以cosωt得到调制波偏移量Δuabα；
将调制波uabα与调制波偏移量Δuabα做差后得到修正调制波uabα ’，其中ωt为基于正弦情况下的电网电压相位。
2.根据权利要求1所述的修正调制波的获取方法，其特征在于，所述PI控制器的比例系数和积分系数的获取方法包括：
将积分系数置0后，逐渐增大比例系数，直至分量iNq出现振荡，之后逐渐减小比例系数，直至分量iNq的振荡消失，将PI控制器的比例系数更新为当前的比例系数；
以所述PI控制器的比例系数为基础，设定积分系数的初始值，接着逐渐减小积分系数，直至分量iNq出现振荡，之后逐步增大积分系数，直至分量iNq振荡消失且iNq跟踪上i* Nq，将PI控制器的积分系数更新为当前的积分系数。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的修正调制波的获取方法，其特征在于，获取调制波uabα的方法包括：
获取整流器输入侧电压在dq坐标系下的电压分量uabd和uabq；
将电压分量uabd和uabq经过d-q反变换得到调制波uabα。
4.根据权利要求3所述的修正调制波的获取方法，其特征在于，获取电压分量uabd和uabq的方法包括：
根据整流器电路拓扑结构和基尔霍夫电压定律得到αβ轴静止坐标系下整流器交流侧电压电流关系式；
根据所述整流器交流侧电压电流关系式得到整流器输入侧电压uab在dq坐标系下的电压分量uabd和uabq的表达式；
将所述电压分量uabd和uabq的表达式变换为包含开关频率Ts的表达式得到所述电压分量uabd和uabq。
5.一种单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制方法，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求1-4任一所述方法获取修正调制波uabα’，所述分量iNq *为0，之后将修正调制波uabα’代替调制波uabα进行单相级联H桥整流器模型预测控制。
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