CN111205402A - A kind of wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN111205402A
CN111205402A CN202010195817.4A CN202010195817A CN111205402A CN 111205402 A CN111205402 A CN 111205402A CN 202010195817 A CN202010195817 A CN 202010195817A CN 111205402 A CN111205402 A CN 111205402A
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unsaturated polyester
polyester resin
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transmitting
resin material
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李鑫
苑鹤
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North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F283/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G
    • C08F283/01Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in subclass C08G on to unsaturated polyesters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L51/00Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L51/08Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料及其制备方法,本发明的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料包括以下重量份数的原料:不饱和聚酯树脂80‑120份,环氧树脂5‑10份,苯乙烯1‑5份,表面活性剂2‑3份,引发剂0.02‑0.1份、促进剂0.5‑1.5份、固化剂1‑5份。本发明通过将不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、苯乙烯、表面活性剂、促进剂、固化剂预制混合,通过引发剂引发聚合并充分固化后制备出介电性能优异的不饱和聚酯树脂材料,由于表面活性剂以及环氧树脂的加入,避免了制备过程中出现发粘、针孔、气泡等现象,并且采用苯乙烯引发聚合使得所制备的材料具有较强的机械性能。The invention discloses a wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material and a preparation method thereof. The wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material of the present invention comprises the following raw materials by weight: 80-120 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, 1-5 parts of styrene, 2-3 parts of surfactant, 0.02-0.1 part of initiator, 0.5-1.5 part of accelerator, and 1-5 parts of curing agent. In the present invention, the unsaturated polyester resin with excellent dielectric properties is prepared by pre-mixing unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, styrene, surfactant, accelerator and curing agent, and after polymerization is initiated by an initiator and fully cured. Due to the addition of surfactant and epoxy resin, the phenomenon of stickiness, pinholes, bubbles and the like during the preparation process is avoided, and the use of styrene to initiate polymerization makes the prepared material have strong mechanical properties.

Description

Wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of unsaturated polyester resin material synthesis, in particular to a wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Compared with an inorganic wave-transparent composite material, the resin-based wave-transparent composite material has a good development prospect and economic benefits. Different structural forms can be designed by utilizing the resin-based wave-transmitting composite material to meet the requirements on the mechanical properties of the material. Meanwhile, the content of each raw material of the composite material can be accurately controlled according to the requirement of wave-transmitting performance, wherein the dielectric performance and other performances of the composite material can be properly designed and adjusted, so that the resin-based composite wave-transmitting material is favored by scientific researchers. At present, resin-based composite wave-transmitting materials are divided into the following categories according to the difference of resin bases:
(1) epoxy resin based wave-transparent composite material
The epoxy resin molecular structure contains epoxy functional groups capable of reacting with various curing agents, so that the epoxy resin molecular structure has good cohesiveness and wear resistance, the process is relatively mature, the wave-transparent composite material prepared by using the epoxy resin molecular structure has low cost, stable size and compact material structure, but the epoxy resin-based wave-transparent composite material has low heat resistance and cannot meet the heat resistance requirement of an aircraft under high Mach number conditions; the impact toughness and the resistance to moist heat are also poor, and the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss value are large.
(2) Cyanate resin-based wave-transparent composite material
The cyanate resin molecules contain two or more cyanate functional groups, cyclization reaction can occur between the cyanate resin molecules at a certain temperature, and finally the cross-linked network macromolecule containing triazine ring is produced. The triazine ring has a highly symmetrical structure, has weak polarizability and does not have dipole moment, so the triazine ring has excellent dielectric properties, namely, the low dielectric constant epsilon is 2.8-3.1F/m, the extremely small dielectric loss (tan delta) is 0.009-0.005, and the glass transition temperature T of the cyanate resingOver 240 ℃. However, the curing process of preparing the wave-transparent composite material by using the cyanate ester resin needs higher curing temperature, but the toughness of the material is greatly reduced by high-temperature curing, the brittleness is higher, and meanwhile, the production cost of the wave-transparent composite material is higher.
(3) Polyimide resin-based wave-transmitting composite material
The polyimide resin is a polymer containing aromatic rings and imide groups on a main chain, has high heat resistance, can resist heat up to 366 ℃, has dielectric property epsilon of 4.1F/m and dielectric loss (tan delta) of 0.008, has good mechanical property, chemical resistance and high dimensional stability, but has curing temperature higher than 300 ℃ when the polyimide resin is used for preparing the wave-transparent composite material, increases the production cost, and has harsh process conditions, thereby bringing certain difficulty to the wide application of the polyimide resin.
(4) Bismaleimide resin-based wave-transmitting composite material
The bismaleimide is one of resin systems derived from polyimide, has good electrical insulation performance, chemical corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, has the working temperature of 100-250 ℃, and has poor toughness due to the fact that the bismaleimide is used for preparing the wave-transmitting composite material because of the heat resistance of the multifunctional epoxy resin.
(5) Unsaturated resin-based wave-transparent composite material
The unsaturated polyester resin contains a large amount of crosslinked thermosetting plastics in the molecular structure, and the unsaturated bonds are initiated to react by an initiator under proper conditions to generate the crosslinked thermosetting plastics. The wave-transparent composite material prepared by using the unsaturated polyester resin has certain mechanical property and electrical property, but self-polymerization curing is easy to occur in the synthesis process, and the prepared material has the abnormal phenomena of stickiness, generation of a large amount of bubbles and the like, so that the dielectric property and the mechanical property of the wave-transparent composite material are greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the prepared unsaturated polyester resin-based wave-transmitting composite material has poor high-temperature resistance and is easy to ablate.
Based on the fact that the wave-transmitting performance of the existing unsaturated polyester resin material is unstable, and the dielectric property and the mechanical property of the unsaturated polyester resin material are relatively low, the unsaturated polyester resin material with excellent wave-transmitting performance is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss of the unsaturated polyester resin material are effectively reduced, and the dielectric property of the unsaturated polyester resin material is improved.
The wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-120 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, 1-5 parts of styrene, 2-3 parts of surfactant, 0.02-0.1 part of initiator, 0.5-1.5 parts of accelerator and 1-5 parts of curing agent.
Preferably, the solid content of the unsaturated polyester resin is 60-70%, the acid value is 10-30mg KOH/g, the viscosity is 2000-2300mpa.s, and the OH value is 45-55 mgKOH/g.
Preferably, the epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 4.5 to 5.0, and the epoxy value is the amount of epoxy groups contained in 100g of the epoxy resin.
Preferably, the surfactant is one of tween 80, fatty glyceride, span 60 or span 80.
Preferably, the initiator is a solution of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide at a concentration of 5 to 8 wt%.
Preferably, the promoter is cobalt isooctanoate.
Preferably, the curing agent is prepared by mixing dibenzoyl peroxide and benzophenone peroxide according to a molar ratio of 1: 2.
The preparation method of the wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and styrene in proportion, and stirring for 10-30min at room temperature to obtain a mixture I;
step two, adding a surfactant and an accelerator into the mixture I according to a proportion, and fully stirring for 10-30min to obtain a mixture II;
step three, adding a curing agent into the mixture II according to a proportion, and fully stirring to obtain a mixture III;
and step four, adding an initiator into the uniformly mixed mixture III, initiating polymerization at the temperature of 0-10 ℃, and placing the polymerized product into a constant temperature and humidity box for heating and curing treatment to obtain the transparent unsaturated polyester resin material.
Preferably, the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity box is 60-70%, and the temperature is 50-70 ℃.
Preferably, the curing time is 1 to 3 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, styrene, a surfactant, an accelerator and a curing agent are pre-prepared and mixed, polymerization reaction is initiated by an initiator and the mixture is fully cured to prepare the unsaturated polyester resin material with excellent dielectric property, and due to the addition of the surfactant and the epoxy resin, the phenomena of stickiness, pinholes, bubbles and the like in the preparation process are avoided, and the prepared material has strong mechanical property due to the initiation polymerization of the styrene.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
The wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 6 parts of epoxy resin, 4 parts of styrene, 3 parts of surfactant, 0.05 part of initiator, 1.2 parts of cobalt isooctanoate and 3 parts of curing agent. Wherein the solid content of the unsaturated polyester resin is 65 percent, the acid value is 20mg KOH/g, the viscosity is 2000mpa.s, and the OH value is 50 mgKOH/g.
The epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 4.5, and the curing agent is prepared by mixing dibenzoyl peroxide and benzophenone peroxide according to a molar ratio of 1: 2.
The initiator is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide solution with the concentration of 6 wt%.
The preparation method of the wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and styrene in proportion, and stirring for 10-30min at room temperature to obtain a mixture I;
step two, adding a surfactant and an accelerator into the mixture I according to a proportion, and fully stirring for 30min to obtain a mixture II;
step three, adding a curing agent into the mixture II according to a proportion, and fully stirring to obtain a mixture III;
and step four, adding an initiator into the uniformly mixed mixture III, initiating polymerization at the temperature of 5 ℃, and placing the polymerized product into a constant temperature and humidity box for heating and curing treatment to obtain the transparent unsaturated polyester resin material, wherein the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity box is 65%, the temperature is 60 ℃, and the curing time is 3 hours.
Example 2
The wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 5 parts of epoxy resin, 1 part of styrene, 2 parts of surfactant, 0.02 part of initiator, 0.5 part of cobalt isooctanoate and 1 part of curing agent. Wherein the solid content of the unsaturated polyester resin is 60 percent, the acid value is 10mg KOH/g, the viscosity is 2300mpa.s, and the OH value is 55 mgKOH/g.
The epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 4.5, and the curing agent is prepared by mixing dibenzoyl peroxide and benzophenone peroxide according to a molar ratio of 1: 2.
The initiator is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide solution with the concentration of 5 wt%.
The preparation method of the wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and styrene in proportion, and stirring for 10-30min at room temperature to obtain a mixture I;
step two, adding a surfactant and an accelerator into the mixture I according to a proportion, and fully stirring for 30min to obtain a mixture II;
step three, adding a curing agent into the mixture II according to a proportion, and fully stirring to obtain a mixture III;
and step four, adding an initiator into the uniformly mixed mixture III, initiating polymerization at the temperature of 0 ℃, and placing the polymerized product into a constant temperature and humidity box for heating and curing treatment to obtain the transparent unsaturated polyester resin material, wherein the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity box is 70%, the temperature is 70 ℃, and the curing time is 1 h.
Example 3
The wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
120 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 10 parts of epoxy resin, 5 parts of styrene, 2 parts of surfactant, 0.1 part of initiator, 1.5 parts of cobalt isooctanoate and 4 parts of curing agent. Wherein the solid content of the unsaturated polyester resin is 62 percent, the acid value is 25mg KOH/g, the viscosity is 2100mpa.s, and the OH value is 45 mgKOH/g.
The epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 5.0, and the curing agent is prepared by mixing dibenzoyl peroxide and benzophenone peroxide according to a molar ratio of 1: 2.
The initiator is a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide solution with the concentration of 7 wt%.
The preparation method of the wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and styrene in proportion, and stirring for 10-30min at room temperature to obtain a mixture I;
step two, adding a surfactant and an accelerator into the mixture I according to a proportion, and fully stirring for 10-30min to obtain a mixture II;
step three, adding a curing agent into the mixture II according to a proportion, and fully stirring to obtain a mixture III;
and step four, adding an initiator into the uniformly mixed mixture III, initiating polymerization at the temperature of 2 ℃, and placing the polymerized product into a constant temperature and humidity box for heating and curing treatment to obtain the transparent unsaturated polyester resin material, wherein the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity box is 62%, the temperature is 55 ℃, and the curing time is 3 hours.
Example 4
The wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
90 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 10 parts of epoxy resin, 3 parts of styrene, 3 parts of surfactant, 0.06 part of initiator, 1.2 parts of cobalt isooctanoate and 4 parts of curing agent. Wherein the solid content of the unsaturated polyester resin is 70 percent, the acid value is 15mg KOH/g, the viscosity is 2300mpa.s, and the OH value is 50 mgKOH/g.
The epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 5.0, and the curing agent is prepared by mixing dibenzoyl peroxide and benzophenone peroxide according to a molar ratio of 1: 2.
The initiator is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide solution with the concentration of 5 wt%.
The preparation method of the wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and styrene in proportion, and stirring for 10-30min at room temperature to obtain a mixture I;
step two, adding a surfactant and an accelerator into the mixture I according to a proportion, and fully stirring for 20min to obtain a mixture II;
step three, adding a curing agent into the mixture II according to a proportion, and fully stirring to obtain a mixture III;
and step four, adding an initiator into the uniformly mixed mixture III, initiating polymerization at the temperature of 10 ℃, and placing the polymerized product into a constant temperature and humidity box for heating and curing treatment to obtain the transparent unsaturated polyester resin material, wherein the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity box is 65%, the temperature is 65 ℃, and the curing time is 1-3 hours.
Example 5
The wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
110 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 10 parts of epoxy resin, 5 parts of styrene, 2 parts of surfactant, 0.05 part of initiator, 1 part of cobalt isooctanoate and 3 parts of curing agent. Wherein the solid content of the unsaturated polyester resin is 70 percent, the acid value is 10mg KOH/g, the viscosity is 2000mpa.s, and the OH value is 45 mgKOH/g.
The epoxy value of the epoxy resin is 5.0, and the curing agent is prepared by mixing dibenzoyl peroxide and benzophenone peroxide according to a molar ratio of 1: 2.
The initiator is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide solution with the concentration of 8 wt%.
The preparation method of the wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material comprises the following steps:
step one, mixing unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and styrene in proportion, and stirring for 10-30min at room temperature to obtain a mixture I;
step two, adding a surfactant and an accelerator into the mixture I according to a proportion, and fully stirring for 30min to obtain a mixture II;
step three, adding a curing agent into the mixture II according to a proportion, and fully stirring to obtain a mixture III;
and step four, adding an initiator into the uniformly mixed mixture III, initiating polymerization at the temperature of 5 ℃, and placing the polymerized product into a constant temperature and humidity box for heating and curing treatment to obtain the transparent unsaturated polyester resin material, wherein the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity box is 70%, the temperature is 50 ℃, and the curing time is 3 hours.
The dielectric properties and mechanical properties of the wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin materials prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention were measured and are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002417563160000061
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料,其特征在于,包括以下重量份的原料:1. a wave-transparent unsaturated polyester resin material, is characterized in that, comprises the raw material of following weight portion: 不饱和聚酯树脂80-120份,环氧树脂5-10份,苯乙烯1-5份,表面活性剂2-3份,引发剂0.02-0.1份、促进剂0.5-1.5份、固化剂1-5份。80-120 parts of unsaturated polyester resin, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, 1-5 parts of styrene, 2-3 parts of surfactant, 0.02-0.1 part of initiator, 0.5-1.5 part of accelerator, 1 part of curing agent -5 servings. 2.根据权利要求1所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料,其特征在于,所述所述不饱和聚酯树脂的固含量60-70%,酸值为10-30mg KOH/g,粘度为2000-2300mpa.s,OH值为45-55mgKOH/g。2 . The wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to claim 1 , wherein the unsaturated polyester resin has a solid content of 60-70% and an acid value of 10-30 mg KOH/g, 2 . The viscosity is 2000-2300mpa.s, and the OH value is 45-55mgKOH/g. 3.根据权利要求1所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料,其特征在于,所述环氧树脂的环氧值为4.5-5.0。3 . The wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to claim 1 , wherein the epoxy resin has an epoxy value of 4.5-5.0. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料,其特征在于,所述表面活性剂为吐温80、脂肪酸甘油酯、司盘60或司盘80中的一种。4 . The wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to claim 1 , wherein the surfactant is one of Tween 80, fatty acid glycerides, Span 60 or Span 80. 5 . 5.根据权利要求1所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料,其特征在于,所述引发剂为浓度5-8wt%的过氧化甲乙酮溶液。5 . The wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to claim 1 , wherein the initiator is a methyl ethyl ketone peroxide solution with a concentration of 5-8 wt %. 6 . 6.根据权利要求1所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料,其特征在于,所述促进剂为异辛酸钴。6 . The wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to claim 1 , wherein the accelerator is cobalt isooctanoate. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料,其特征在于,所述固化剂为过氧化二苯甲酰和过氧化二苯酮按摩尔比为1:2混合而成。7. The wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to claim 1, wherein the curing agent is a mixture of dibenzoyl peroxide and benzophenone peroxide in a molar ratio of 1:2. . 8.根据权利要求1-7任意一项所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:8. The preparation method of the wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: 步骤一、将不饱和聚酯树脂和环氧树脂、苯乙烯按比例混合,并在室温下搅拌10-30min,得到混合物一;Step 1, mixing unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and styrene in proportion, and stirring at room temperature for 10-30min to obtain mixture 1; 步骤二、在混合物一中按比例加入表面活性剂和促进剂,充分搅拌10-30min,得到混合物二;Step 2, adding surfactant and accelerator in proportion to mixture 1, fully stirring for 10-30min to obtain mixture 2; 步骤三、在混合物二中按比例加入固化剂充分搅拌,得到混合物三;Step 3, adding curing agent in proportion to mixture 2 and stirring thoroughly to obtain mixture 3; 步骤四,在混合均匀后的混合物三中加入引发剂,在温度为0-10℃下引发聚合,并将聚合后的产物置于恒温恒湿箱中加热固化处理,即得到透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料。Step 4: Add an initiator to the uniformly mixed mixture 3, initiate polymerization at a temperature of 0-10 °C, and place the polymerized product in a constant temperature and humidity box for heating and curing, so as to obtain a wave-transmitting unsaturated Polyester resin material. 9.根据权利要求8所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述恒温恒湿箱中的湿度为60%-70%,温度为50-70℃。9 . The method for preparing a wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to claim 8 , wherein the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity box is 60%-70%, and the temperature is 50-70° C. 10 . 10.据权利要求8所述的透波型不饱和聚酯树脂材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述固化时间为1-3h。10 . The method for preparing a wave-transmitting unsaturated polyester resin material according to claim 8 , wherein the curing time is 1-3h. 11 .
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CN114262509A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-04-01 中船重工西安东仪科工集团有限公司 Low-shrinkage unsaturated resin-based composite material and preparation method and application thereof

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