CN111205218B - 一种光引发的脱醛方法 - Google Patents

一种光引发的脱醛方法 Download PDF

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CN111205218B
CN111205218B CN202010102607.6A CN202010102607A CN111205218B CN 111205218 B CN111205218 B CN 111205218B CN 202010102607 A CN202010102607 A CN 202010102607A CN 111205218 B CN111205218 B CN 111205218B
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周经纬
位文涛
李腊梅
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Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种光引发的脱醛方法,属于有机合成技术领域。该脱醛方法包括以下步骤:将具有式I的化合物与溶剂的混合物在惰性气体氛围以及可见光照射下反应,得到脱醛产物,整个过程不使用光催化剂;式I的结构式为

Description

一种光引发的脱醛方法
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种光引发的脱醛方法。
背景技术
醛基在化合物多样性的构建中是一种高效的官能团,发挥着重要作用,而完成化合物的构建后如何顺利的脱除醛基也很关键。传统的醛基脱除方法通过Ru、Ir、Rh和Pd等过渡金属催化完成。Ding等报道了Pd介导的Pd NPs/POL-xantphos催化方法完成2-呋喃甲醛类衍生物的脱醛反应。(参见:W.H.Li,C.Y.Li,Y.Li,H.T.Tang,H.S.Wang,Y.M.Pan,Y.J.Ding,Chem.Commun.,2018,54,8446-8449)。Sadow等报道了Rh介导的醇的羰基脱出反应,反应中醇先脱氢氧化成醛,醛进一步的消除羰基。(参见:H.A.Ho,K.Manna,A.D.Sadow,Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2012,51,8607-8610)。
目前用于醛基脱除的方法不仅需要昂贵的催化剂,而且大多数反应温度苛刻、底物范围窄,需要消耗化学量的清除剂来完成一氧化碳的消除。
鉴于此,特提出本申请。
发明内容
本发明的目的包括提供一种操作简便、条件温和且不需要使用催化剂的醛基脱除方法。
本发明解决其技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的:
本发明提出一种光引发的脱醛方法,包括以下步骤:
将具有式I的化合物与溶剂的混合物在惰性气体氛围以及可见光照射下反应,得到脱醛产物,整个过程不使用光催化剂。
式I的结构式为
Figure BDA0002387376890000021
其中,R为官能团,例如包括氢、甲基、甲氧基、氰基、氯、溴或氟。
可选地,反应温度为10-30℃,反应时间为6-12h。
在一些实施方式中,反应温度为20℃,反应时间为6h。
可选地,惰性气体包括氮气。
可选地,可见光包括LED蓝光。
可选地,反应过程中对反应物进行搅拌。
可选地,具有式I的化合物包括2-吗啉基苯甲醛、6-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、6-氟-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-溴-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-甲基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-氰基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-溴-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-甲氧基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-甲基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-氰基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、3-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、2-哌啶基苯甲醛、2-氮杂环庚基苯甲醛、2-(4-苯基哌嗪基)苯甲醛、2-(2-甲基哌啶基)苯甲醛,2-(苄基(甲基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(苄基(乙基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(苄基(丁基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(二苄氨基)苯甲醛、2-(烯丙基(甲基)氨基)苯甲醛和2-(二甲氨基)苯甲醛中的至少一种。
可选地,溶剂包括四氢呋喃、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、六甲基磷酰三胺和1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶酮中的至少一种。
可选地,反应结束后还包括主要按以下步骤进行分离纯化:除去溶剂,对剩余物进行层析。
可选地,层析过程所用的层析柱为硅胶柱。
可选地,层析过程中所用的洗脱剂包括石油醚和乙酸乙酯中的至少一种。
可选地,洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶液。
可选地,洗脱剂为体积比为10:1-100:1的石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶液。
可选地,除去溶剂的方法包括水洗;进一步地,水洗后萃取有机相进行蒸馏。
本申请提供的光引发的脱醛方法的有益效果包括:
本申请提供的光引发的脱醛方法,在惰性气体氛围下,通过可见光照射可激发式(Ⅰ)的化合物发生碳氧键的均裂,而后自由基迁移和双键移位,最终脱去一氧化碳完成醛基消除,整个过程无需光催化剂的参与,操作简便、条件温和。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
下面对本申请实施例提供的光引发的脱醛方法进行具体说明。
本申请提供的光引发的脱醛方法,包括以下步骤:
将具有式I的化合物与溶剂的混合物在惰性气体氛围以及可见光照射下反应,得到脱醛产物,整个过程不使用光催化剂。
式I的结构式为
Figure BDA0002387376890000041
其中,R为官能团,作为可选地,上述官能团可选自氢、甲基、甲氧基、氰基、氯、溴或氟。
值得说明的是,本申请中所涉及的具有式I的化合物通过在与苯环连接的醛基的邻位引入叔胺基,能够使对应具有式I结构式的化合物在光照条件下有效脱除醛基,避免了现有技术中醛基脱除需要使用催化剂及在高温下进行的缺陷,安全环保,成本低,操作简单,并且适用的待脱醛的处理底物种类较多。
上述脱醛反应的化学式可参见如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000051
其中,惰性气体可包括氮气、氦气或氩气等。将脱醛反应于惰性气体氛围下进行,以起到隔绝空气的作用,避免光照后跃迁成激发态的式I化合物在有氧存在的情况下失效。
可选地,光照为可见光照射,可见光的来源例如可以为太阳,也可以为白炽物体(如白炽灯)。在一些具体的实施方式中,可见光照射可以为LED蓝光照射,其波长大约在425nm左右。
本申请中,脱醛反应的温度可以为10-30℃,如10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃或30℃。上述反应温度较低,使脱醛反应在较为温和的条件下即可反应。值得说明的是,脱醛反应的温度不宜超过35℃,以避免温度过高导致反应过程中出现其它副反应。
本申请中,脱醛反应的时间可以为6-12h,如6h、8h、10h或12h等。值得说明的是,时间超过12h后,反应产生的杂质会增多,并且还可能导致其它反应的发生。
可选地,反应过程中对反应物进行搅拌,以使反应更加充分。
作为可选地,本申请中具有式I的化合物例如可包括2-吗啉基苯甲醛、6-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、6-氟-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-溴-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-甲基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-氰基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-溴-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-甲氧基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-甲基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-氰基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、3-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、2-哌啶基苯甲醛、2-氮杂环庚基苯甲醛、2-(4-苯基哌嗪基)苯甲醛、2-(2-甲基哌啶基)苯甲醛,2-(苄基(甲基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(苄基(乙基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(苄基(丁基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(二苄氨基)苯甲醛、2-(烯丙基(甲基)氨基)苯甲醛和2-(二甲氨基)苯甲醛中的至少一种。
作为可选地,本申请中溶剂例如可以包括四氢呋喃、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、六甲基磷酰三胺和1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶酮中的至少一种。
承上,上述可见光激发的脱醛方法,在惰性气体氛围下,通过可见光照射可激发式I的化合物发生碳氧键的均裂,而后自由基迁移和双键移位,最终脱去一氧化碳完成醛基消除,整个过程无需光催化剂的参与,操作简便、条件温和,对于脱醛方法的构建具有参考价值。
进一步地,反应结束后还包括主要按以下步骤进行分离纯化:除去溶剂,对剩余物进行层析,以除去反应过程中产生的杂质和副产物。
可参考地,层析过程所用的层析柱可以为硅胶柱。采用硅胶柱能够较其它类型的层析柱对本申请所涉及的物质具有更高的分离度,并能使最终的产物具有较高的纯度。
本申请中,层析过程中所用的洗脱剂可包括石油醚和乙酸乙酯中的至少一种。在一些实施方式中,洗脱剂可以为石油醚;在另一些实施方式中,洗脱剂可以为乙酸乙酯;在另一些实施方式中,洗脱剂可以为石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶液。当洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶液时,石油醚和乙酸乙酯的体积比可以为10:1-100:1。
此外,洗脱剂还可以为甲醇、乙醇或丙酮等其它有机试剂。
但值得说明的是,经发明人研究发现,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶液作为洗脱剂能够较单独仅含石油醚或乙酸乙酯,亦或洗脱剂为其它有机试剂得到更高的产量。
作为可选地,除去溶剂的方法可采用水洗后萃取有机相进行蒸馏的方式进行。
以下结合实施例对本发明的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
在10mL石英试管中,加入2-吗啉基苯甲醛(38.2mg,0.2mmol),1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶酮(1mL),氮气保护,蓝色LED灯照射,在室温(20℃)下搅拌6小时。反应完毕,水洗除去1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶酮,以体积比为50:1的石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶剂为洗脱剂,用硅胶柱层析分离得到产物(24.4mg,收率75%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000071
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.28(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.93-6.87(m,3H),3.96-3.76(m,4H),3.22-3.07(m,4H)。13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ151.26,129.23,120.15,115.79,66.96,49.44。HRMS(ESI)calculated for C10H14NO(M+H)+:164.1070,found:164.1073。
实施例2
按照与实施例1相同的方法,以6-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(45.1mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料得到产物(35.4mg,收率90%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000081
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.20(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.89(t,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.88-6.84(m,1H),6.80(dd,J=8.4,2.3Hz,1H),3.96-3.77(m,4H),3.24-3.06(m,4H)。13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ152.36,135.06,130.12,119.71,115.53,113.62,66.74,48.89。HRMS(ESI)calculated for C10H13NOCl(M+H)+:198.0680,found:198.0677。
实施例3
按照与实施例1相同的方法,以6-氟-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(41.8mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料得到产物(34.4mg,收率95%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000091
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.23(dd,J=15.2,8.1Hz,1H),6.69(dd,J=8.3,2.0Hz,1H),6.64-6.54(m,2H),3.97-3.73(m,4H),3.26-3.03(m,4H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ163.88(d,1JCF=241.9Hz),152.97(d,3JCF=9.5Hz),130.22(d,3JCF=9.8Hz),110.82(d,4JCF=2.3Hz),106.27(d,2JCF=21.3Hz),102.44(d,2JCF=25.0Hz),66.73,48.85。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C10H13NOF(M+H)+:182.0976,found:182.0979。
实施例4
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以5-溴-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(54.0mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(38.2mg,收率79%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000092
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.43-7.28(m,2H),6.78(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),4.05-3.68(m,4H),3.31-2.95(m,4H)。13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ150.25,131.97,117.35,112.27,66.75,49.19。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C10H13NOBr(M+H)+:242.0175,found:242.0170。
实施例5
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以5-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(45.1mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(25.6mg,收率65%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000101
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.24(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),6.85(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),3.94-3.80(m,4H),3.18-3.09(m,4H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ149.91,129.05,124.92,116.92,66.80,49.35。HRMS(ESI)calculated for C10H13NOCl(M+H)+:198.0680,found:198.0686。
实施例6
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以5-甲基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(41.0mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(16.6mg,收率47%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000102
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.09(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),6.83(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),4.20-3.78(m,4H),3.38-2.96(m,4H),2.27(s,3H)。13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ149.18,129.73,129.65,116.09,66.99,49.98,20.43。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C11H16NO(M+H)+:178.1227,found:178.1223。
实施例7
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以5-氰基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(43.2mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(33.4mg,收率为89%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000111
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.51(d,J=9.1Hz,2H),6.86(d,J=9.1Hz,2H),3.94-3.69(m,4H),3.32-3.12(m,4H)。13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ153.52,133.51,119.89,114.08,100.87,66.45,47.29。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C11H13N2O(M+H)+:189.1023,found:189.1020。
实施例8
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以4-溴-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(54.0mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(42.5mg,收率88%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000121
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.11(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.02(s,1H),6.98(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),6.81(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),3.89-3.79(m,4H),3.19-3.10(m,4H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ152.52,130.41,123.33,122.64,118.44,114.10,66.75,48.89。HRMS(ESI)calculated forC10H13NOBr(M+H)+:242.0175,found:242.0173。
实施例9
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以4-甲氧基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(44.2mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,产物(21.6mg,收率56%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000122
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.21(t,J=8.3Hz,1H),6.59-6.53(m,1H),6.49-6.46(m,2H),3.91-3.84(m,4H),3.82(s,3H),3.21-3.13(m,4H)。13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ160.66,152.70,129.90,108.51,104.79,102.27,66.90,55.22,49.33。HRMS(ESI)calcd.forC11H16NO2(M+H)+:194.1177,found:194.1175。
实施例10
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以4-甲基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(41.0mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(18.7mg,收率53%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000131
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.20(t,J=7.7Hz,1H),6.83-6.73(m,3H),3.96-3.83(m,4H),3.23-3.13(m,4H),2.35(s,3H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ139.00,129.09,121.34,116.77,113.07,66.89,49.70,21.78。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C11H16NO(M+H)+:178.1227,found:178.1225。
实施例11
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以4-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(45.0mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(29.9mg,收率76%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000141
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.20(t,J=8.1Hz,1H),6.91-6.83(m,2H),6.80(dd,J=8.4,2.3Hz,1H),3.93-3.81(m,4H),3.22-3.11(m,4H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ152.36,135.06,130.11,119.71,115.53,113.61,66.75,48.89。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C10H13ClNO(M+H)+:198.0680,found:198.0685。
实施例12
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以4-氰基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛(43.2mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(30.4mg,收率81%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000142
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.38-7.32(m,1H),7.15-7.12(m,3H),3.91-3.84(m,4H),3.24-3.16(m,4H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ151.29,129.98,123.03,119.65,119.26,118.21,113.11,66.58,48.50。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C11H13N2O(M+H)+:189.1023,found:189.1024。
实施例13
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以3-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛为反应原料(45.1mg,0.2mmol),得到产物(35.8mg,收率91%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000151
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.39(dd,J=7.9,1.5Hz,1H),7.30-7.22(m,1H),7.06(dd,J=8.1,1.5Hz,1H),7.01(td,J=7.7,1.5Hz,1H),4.02-3.82(m,4H),3.19-3.00(m,4H)。13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ149.04,130.76,128.81,127.68,123.95,120.28,67.18,51.69。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C10H13ClNO(M+H)+:198.0680,found:198.0681。
实施例14
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-哌啶基苯甲醛(37.8mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(20.3mg,收率63%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000152
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.25(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),6.95(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.82(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.26-3.06(m,4H),1.78-1.66(m,4H),1.63-1.51(m,2H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ129.05,116.70,100.00,50.89,25.81,24.27。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C11H16N(M+H)+:162.1277,found:162.1270。
实施例15
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-氮杂环庚基苯甲醛(40.6mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(24.4mg,收率60%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000161
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.27-7.18(m,2H),6.72(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),6.66(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.53-3.35(m,4H),1.82(s,4H),1.61-1.52(m,4H)。13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ148.90,129.27,115.12,111.16,49.07,27.81,27.19。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C12H18N(M+H)+:176.1434,found:176.1432。
实施例16
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-(4-苯基哌嗪基)苯甲醛(53.2mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(26.2mg,收率55%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000171
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.39-7.30(m,4H),7.03(d,J=8.0Hz,4H),6.94(t,J=7.3Hz,2H),3.39(s,8H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ151.20,129.23,120.17,116.42,49.48。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C16H19N2(M+H)+:239.1543,found:239.1541。
实施例17
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-(2-甲基哌啶基)苯甲醛(40.6mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(24.8mg,收率71%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000172
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.29(t,J=7.9Hz,2H),7.02(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),6.89(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.90(dd,J=10.5,4.3Hz,1H),3.24(dt,J=11.7,4.3Hz,1H),3.03(t,J=9.3Hz,1H),2.00-1.80(m,2H),1.73-1.58(m,4H),1.04(d,J=6.6Hz,3H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ151.45,129.00,119.27,117.73,51.50,45.18,31.85,26.15,19.86,13.96。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C12H18N(M+H)+:176.1434,found:176.1435。
实施例18
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-(苄基(甲基)氨基)苯甲醛(45.0mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(22.1mg,收率56%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000181
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.34-7.27(m,2H),7.32-7.19(m,5H),6.75(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.71(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.53(s,2H),3.01(s,3H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ149.75,139.03,129.21,128.59,126.89,126.78,116.58,112.41,56.68,38.55。HRMS(ESI)calculated for C14H16N(M+H)+:198.1277,found:198.1276。
实施例19
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-(苄基(乙基)氨基)苯甲醛(47.8mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(24.5mg,收率58%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000191
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.46-7.33(m,5H),7.32-7.22(m,2H),6.82-6.76(m,3H),4.62(s,2H),3.58(q,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.31(t,J=7.0Hz,3H)。13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ148.51,139.31,129.26,128.57,126.77,126.58,116.04,112.17,53.93,45.16,12.15。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C15H18N(M+H)+:212.1434,found:212.1430。
实施例20
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-(苄基(丁基)氨基)苯甲醛(53.4mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(25.3mg,收率53%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000192
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.37-7.30(m,2H),7.28-7.25(m,3H),7.23-7.19(m,2H),6.72-6.67(m,3H),4.57(s,2H),3.54-3.33(m,2H),1.72-1.65(m,2H),1.44-1.35(m,2H),0.98(t,J=7.4Hz,3H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ148.66,139.22,129.23,128.58,126.75,126.57,115.95,112.13,54.51,51.11,29.34,20.42,14.06。HRMS(ESI)calculated forC17H22N(M+H)+:240.1747,found:240.1743。
实施例21
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-(二苄氨基)苯甲醛(60.2mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(33.3mg,收率61%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000201
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.35-7.28(m,4H),7.28-7.21(m,6H),7.16(t,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.74(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),6.70(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),4.65(s,4H)。13C NMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ149.19,138.62,129.22,128.64,126.88,126.66,116.72,112.47,54.20。HRMS(ESI)calculated for C20H20N(M+H)+:274.1590,found:274.1595。
实施例22
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-(烯丙基(甲基)氨基)苯甲醛(35.0mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(13.5mg,收率46%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000211
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.22(dd,J=8.5,7.1Hz,2H),6.74-6.68(m,3H),5.89-5.80(m,1H),5.21-5.08(m,2H),3.91(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),2.93(s,3H)。13C NMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δ149.48,133.81,129.13,116.49,116.21,112.53,55.33,38.04。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C10H14N(M+H)+:148.1121,found:148.1120。
实施例23
采用与实施例1相同的方法,以2-(二苄氨基)苯甲醛(29.8mg,0.2mmol)为反应原料,得到产物(11.6mg,收率48%)。
上述脱醛反应的化学式如下:
Figure BDA0002387376890000212
对所得的产物进行核磁及质谱分析,其结果如下:
1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.27-7.18(m,2H),6.77-6.68(m,3H),2.90(s,6H)。13CNMR(125MHz,CDCl3)δ150.81,129.21,116.80,112.82,40.72。HRMS(ESI)calcd.for C8H12N(M+H)+:122.0964,found:122.0990。
综上所述,本申请提供的光引发的脱醛方法,在惰性气体氛围下,通过可见光照射可激发式(Ⅰ)的化合物发生碳氧键的均裂,而后自由基迁移和双键移位,最终脱去一氧化碳完成醛基消除,整个过程无需光催化剂的参与,操作简便、条件温和。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种光引发的脱醛方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将具有式I的化合物与溶剂的混合物在惰性气体氛围以及可见光照射下反应,得到脱醛产物,整个过程不使用光催化剂;
式I的结构式为
Figure 824322DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
,其中,R为官能团;所述官能团选自氢、甲基、甲氧基、氰基、氯、溴或氟;
所述溶剂为四氢呋喃、二氧六环、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、六甲基磷酰三胺和1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶酮中的至少一种;
反应温度为10-30℃,反应时间为6-12h;
所述惰性气体为氮气,反应过程中对反应物进行搅拌;
可见光为LED蓝光;
具有式I的化合物为2-吗啉基苯甲醛、6-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、6-氟-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-溴-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-甲基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、5-氰基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-溴-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-甲氧基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-甲基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、4-氰基-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、3-氯-2-吗啉基苯甲醛、2-哌啶基苯甲醛、2-氮杂环庚基苯甲醛、2-(4-苯基哌嗪基)苯甲醛、2-(2-甲基哌啶基)苯甲醛、2-(苄基(甲基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(苄基(乙基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(苄基(丁基)氨基)苯甲醛、2-(二苄氨基)苯甲醛、2-(烯丙基(甲基)氨基)苯甲醛和2-(二甲氨基)苯甲醛中的至少一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光引发的脱醛方法,其特征在于,反应结束后还包括按以下步骤进行分离纯化:除去溶剂,对剩余物进行层析。
3.根据权利要求2所述的光引发的脱醛方法,其特征在于,层析过程所用的层析柱为硅胶柱。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的光引发的脱醛方法,其特征在于,层析过程中所用的洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的光引发的脱醛方法,其特征在于,所述洗脱剂为石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶液。
6.根据权利要求5所述的光引发的脱醛方法,其特征在于,所述洗脱剂为体积比为10:1-100:1的石油醚和乙酸乙酯的混合溶液。
7.根据权利要求2所述的光引发的脱醛方法,其特征在于,除去溶剂的方法为水洗;
水洗后萃取有机相进行蒸馏。
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