CN111200179A - Ultra-wideband odd-path power divider - Google Patents
Ultra-wideband odd-path power divider Download PDFInfo
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- CN111200179A CN111200179A CN202010084837.4A CN202010084837A CN111200179A CN 111200179 A CN111200179 A CN 111200179A CN 202010084837 A CN202010084837 A CN 202010084837A CN 111200179 A CN111200179 A CN 111200179A
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
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- H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
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- H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses an ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider, which comprises: a microstrip line; the microstrip line comprises an impedance transformation line and a 1 st microstrip lead to a 2n +1 th microstrip lead, the input end of the impedance transformation line is used as the input port of the microstrip line, the output end of the impedance transformation line is connected with the input end of each microstrip lead, and the output end of one microstrip lead is used as the output port of the microstrip line; the structure of the ith microstrip lead and the jth microstrip lead is the same and symmetrical, and the chamfer angle of the ith microstrip lead is equal to that of the jth microstrip lead; the line length of the pth microstrip lead is smaller than that of the qth microstrip lead. In the embodiment of the invention, equal chamfer angles are arranged on the microstrip lead wires which are symmetrically arranged, so that the electromagnetic wave amplitude of each path of microstrip lead wire can be compensated at the output end of the impedance transformation line; by lengthening the multi-path microstrip lead wires, phase compensation can be carried out on the multi-path microstrip lead wires, so that the phases of the microstrip lead wires tend to be consistent.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to a microwave power technology, in particular to an ultra wide band odd-path power divider.
Background
With the development of microwave power distribution technology, the application of the multi-path power divider is more and more extensive. However, the conventional power dividers are all even-numbered paths such as binary power dividers, the design and application of odd-numbered paths of power dividers are few, and the research of odd-numbered paths of power dividers is necessary in consideration of the synthesis efficiency, power consumption and other factors in the power synthesis application.
The traditional ultra-wideband one-in-three power divider adopts the Chebyshev impedance transformation technology, three sections of impedances are matched to be low impedance from high impedance through multi-section Chebyshev impedance transformation, the bandwidth expansion frequency band is narrow, and the requirements in a wideband power amplifier system are not met. Meanwhile, the consistency of the existing odd-number path power divider cannot be ensured in the design of amplitude and phase.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an ultra-wideband odd-path power divider, which aims to solve the problem that the consistency of the odd-path power divider cannot be ensured in the amplitude and phase design.
The embodiment of the invention provides an ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider, which comprises: a microstrip line;
the microstrip line comprises an impedance transformation line and a 1 st microstrip lead to a 2n +1 th microstrip lead which are connected with the impedance transformation line and sequentially arranged along a first direction, the input end of the impedance transformation line is used as the input port of the microstrip line, the output end of the impedance transformation line is connected with the input end of each microstrip lead, the output end of one microstrip lead is used as the output port of the microstrip line, and the first direction is vertical to the extension direction of the impedance transformation line;
the structure of the ith microstrip lead and the jth microstrip lead is the same and symmetrical, the oblique cutting angle of the ith microstrip lead is equal to that of the jth microstrip lead, the oblique cutting angle is an included angle between the extension direction of the inner edge of the input end line segment of the microstrip lead and the extension direction of the impedance transformation line, i, j and n are positive integers, i + j is 2n +2, i is not equal to j;
the line length of the pth microstrip lead is less than that of the qth microstrip lead, p is more than or equal to 1 and less than q and less than or equal to n +1, or q is more than or equal to n +1 and less than or equal to p and less than or equal to 2n +1, and p and q are positive integers.
Furthermore, the impedance transformation line adopts a gradual impedance transformation line with the line length of lambda/4, so that the transmission line impedance of the input end of the impedance transformation line is matched and connected with the transmission line impedance of the output end, and lambda is equal to c/f.
Furthermore, the (n +1) th microstrip lead is a microstrip transmission line extending in a zigzag shape.
Furthermore, the transmission line impedance of the input port and the transmission line impedance of the output port of the microstrip line are both Z1, and the transmission line impedance Z2 of the output end of the impedance transformation line meets the condition that Z2 ≈ Z1/(2n + 1).
Further, n is 1, the transmission line impedance of the input end of the impedance transformation line is 50 Ω and the transmission line width thereof is equal to 50 Ω microstrip line width, and the transmission line impedance of the output end of the impedance transformation line is 16.7 Ω and the transmission line width thereof is equal to 16.7 Ω microstrip line width.
Further, the line width of a 50 Ω microstrip line at the input end of the impedance transformation line is 0.75mm, and the line width of a 16.7 Ω microstrip line at the output end of the impedance transformation line is 3 mm;
the microstrip lead adopts a microstrip line width with 50 omega impedance.
Further, the line length of the impedance transformation line is λ/4, where λ ═ c/f.
Further, the working frequency band of the ultra-wideband odd-path power divider is [2GHz, 18GHz ], wherein the relative bandwidth reaches 160%.
Further, the line length of the impedance transformation line is 50 mm.
Furthermore, the return loss of the microstrip line is less than-15 dB when the microstrip line transmits in a low-frequency band of [2GHz, 4GHz ], and the return loss of the microstrip line is less than-20 dB when the microstrip line transmits in a high-frequency band of [4GHz, 18GHz ]; the insertion loss of the microstrip line in the full frequency band is less than 5 dB.
In the embodiment of the invention, the microstrip line comprises an impedance transformation line and a 1 st microstrip lead to a 2n +1 th microstrip lead which are connected with the impedance transformation line and sequentially arranged along a first direction, wherein equal oblique angles are arranged on an ith microstrip lead and a jth microstrip lead which are symmetrically arranged, and the amplitude of electromagnetic waves of each path of microstrip lead can be compensated at the output end of the impedance transformation line, so that the amplitude of the electromagnetic waves transmitted to each microstrip lead tends to be consistent; the line length of the pth microstrip lead is smaller than that of the qth microstrip lead, and the phase compensation can be performed on the multi-path microstrip leads by setting the line lengths of different microstrip leads and lengthening the multi-path microstrip leads, so that the phases of the microstrip leads tend to be consistent. Therefore, the odd-number path power divider with the electromagnetic wave amplitude and the electromagnetic wave phase basically consistent can be obtained.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings required for the embodiments or the technical solutions in the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description, although being some specific embodiments of the present invention, can be extended and extended to other structures and drawings by those skilled in the art according to the basic concepts of the device structure, the driving method and the manufacturing method disclosed and suggested by the various embodiments of the present invention, without making sure that these should be within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband odd-path power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electric field of the one-to-three power divider when not adjusted;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the insertion loss of the one-to-three power divider when not adjusted;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electric field of the adjusted and optimized one-to-three power divider;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the insertion loss of the adjusted and optimized one-to-three power divider;
fig. 6 is a schematic phase diagram of the adjusted and optimized one-to-three power divider;
fig. 7 is an electrical characteristic diagram of the adjusted and optimized one-to-three power divider.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described through embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the basic idea disclosed and suggested by the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider provided by the embodiment comprises: a microstrip line 1; the microstrip line 1 comprises an impedance transformation line 11 and a 1 st microstrip lead wire W (1) to a 2n +1 th microstrip lead wire W (2n +1) which are connected with the impedance transformation line 11 and sequentially arranged along a first direction Y, an input end IN of the impedance transformation line 11 is used as an input port IN of the microstrip line 1, an output end of the impedance transformation line 11 is connected with an input end of each microstrip lead wire, an output end OUT of one microstrip lead wire is used as an output port OUT of the microstrip line 1, and the first direction Y is perpendicular to the extension direction X of the impedance transformation line 11; the structure of the ith microstrip lead and the jth microstrip lead is the same and symmetrical, the chamfer angle of the ith microstrip lead is equal to the chamfer angle of the jth microstrip lead, the chamfer angle theta is an included angle between the extension direction of the inner edge of the input end line segment of the microstrip lead and the extension direction X of the impedance conversion line 11, i, j and n are positive integers, i + j is 2n +2, i is not equal to j; the line length of the pth microstrip lead is less than that of the qth microstrip lead, p is more than or equal to 1 and less than q and less than or equal to n +1, or q is more than or equal to n +1 and less than or equal to p and less than or equal to 2n +1, and p and q are positive integers.
In this embodiment, the microstrip line 1 is disposed on the substrate 10, and the microstrip line 1 may be formed by using a copper material and plating tin on the surface of the substrate 10. The extending direction of the microstrip line 1 tends to the X direction as a whole, and it is understood that a partial line segment of the microstrip line 1 may extend in the X direction in a non-linear extending manner, for example, it is bent in a zigzag manner and extends in the X direction as a whole, or it is bent in a wavy manner and extends in the X direction as a whole, but not limited thereto. The invention does not specially limit the material, process and other parameters of the substrate and the microstrip line, and only needs to prepare the required ultra-wideband odd-path power divider.
IN this embodiment, the microstrip line 1 includes an impedance transformation line 11 and a 1 st microstrip lead W (1) to a 2n +1 nd microstrip lead W (2n +1) connected to the impedance transformation line 11 and sequentially arranged along a first direction Y, an input end IN of the impedance transformation line 11 is used as an input port IN of the microstrip line 1, an output end of the impedance transformation line 11 is connected to an input end of each microstrip lead, an output end OUT of one microstrip lead is used as an output port OUT of the microstrip line 1, and the first direction Y is perpendicular to an extending direction X of the impedance transformation line 11. It should be noted that the input and output ends described herein are not in port form, and may be defined by functional nomenclature according to the signal transmission mode of the transmission line of the part, and in essence, two ends of the impedance transformation line may be connected to other identical or different transmission lines, so as to facilitate matching connection of transmission lines with different impedances.
The microstrip line 1 is an integral strip line, and is divided into an impedance transformation line 11 and a microstrip lead according to the characteristics of different line segments, so that the connection between the microstrip lead and the impedance transformation line 11 is substantially the transition of different line regions of the integral strip line. The output end transmission line of the impedance transformation line 11 is divided into three lines as a whole, and each line is the starting end of one microstrip lead. The microstrip line 1 is an integrated strip line, and includes an input port IN, i.e., the input port IN of the impedance transformation line 11, and a plurality of output ports OUT, i.e., the output ports OUT of each microstrip lead. The overall extension directions of the impedance transformation line 11 and the microstrip lead are basically the same, wherein the microstrip lead can extend towards the X direction in a non-linear extension mode, and the 1 st microstrip lead W (1) to the 2n +1 th microstrip lead W (2n +1) are sequentially arranged along the Y direction. It is understood that the microstrip line is an integrally formed transmission line.
It can be understood that the 1 st microstrip lead wire W (1) to the 2n +1 th microstrip lead wire W (2n +1) are sequentially arranged along the Y direction, the arrangement serial number of the microstrip lead wire located at the middle most is n +1, and two microstrip lead wires with serial numbers added to 2n +2 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the n +1 th microstrip lead wire W (n + 1). In this embodiment, i + j is 2n +2, the ith microstrip lead and the jth microstrip lead are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the (n +1) th microstrip lead W (n +1), the two microstrip leads have the same line structure, and the same line structure means that parameters such as line shape, line length, line width and the like are completely consistent, that is, the two completely same leads are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the (n +1) th microstrip lead W (n + 1). As shown in fig. 1, if n is 1, the 1 st microstrip lead and the 3 rd microstrip lead are completely the same and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the 2 nd microstrip lead; in other embodiments, n is 2, the 1 st microstrip lead and the 5 th microstrip lead are identical and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the 3 rd microstrip lead, and the 2 nd microstrip lead and the 4 th microstrip lead are identical and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the 3 rd microstrip lead; n is not limited thereto.
The diagonal angle of the ith microstrip lead wire which is symmetrically arranged is equal to the diagonal angle of the jth microstrip lead wire, the diagonal angle theta is an included angle between the extending direction of the inner edge of the input end line segment of the microstrip lead wire and the extending direction X of the impedance conversion line 11, i, j and n are positive integers, i + j is 2n +2, and i is not equal to j. The energy of the electromagnetic wave input to the ith microstrip lead is equal to the energy of the electromagnetic wave input to the jth microstrip lead. The oblique angles are arranged on the ith microstrip lead and the jth microstrip lead, so that the electromagnetic wave amplitude of each path of microstrip lead can be compensated at the output end of the impedance transformation line 11, the electromagnetic wave energy of each microstrip lead is balanced, and especially, the electromagnetic wave amplitude difference between other microstrip leads and the (n +1) th microstrip lead is reduced, so that the electromagnetic wave amplitude transmitted to each microstrip lead tends to be consistent. It can be understood that the electromagnetic wave energy of each microstrip lead is determined according to the total path number of the microstrip leads, and the chamfer angle of the microstrip lead is designed according to the electromagnetic wave energy.
In this embodiment, the line length of the pth microstrip lead is smaller than that of the qth microstrip lead, p is greater than or equal to 1 and less than q and less than or equal to n +1, or q is greater than or equal to n +1 and less than or equal to p and less than or equal to 2n +1, and p and q are positive integers. For the 1 st microstrip lead wire W (1) to the (n +1) th microstrip lead wire W (n +1), the wire lengths thereof sequentially increase, and for the (n +1) th microstrip lead wire W (n +1) to the 2n +1 th microstrip lead wire W (2n +1), the wire lengths thereof sequentially decrease. The length of the line length influences the size of the phase, and the phase compensation can be carried out on the middle microstrip lead line by setting the line lengths of different microstrip lead lines, so that the phase difference of each microstrip lead line is balanced, and the phases of the microstrip lead lines tend to be consistent. It can be understood that the impedance of the microstrip lead is determined according to the length of the microstrip lead, and the phase of the microstrip lead is obtained through calculation according to the impedance, so that the phase of each microstrip lead is adjusted according to the line length.
In the embodiment, the microstrip line comprises an impedance transformation line and a 1 st microstrip lead to a 2n +1 th microstrip lead which are connected with the impedance transformation line and sequentially arranged along a first direction, wherein equal oblique cutting angles are arranged on an ith microstrip lead and a jth microstrip lead which are symmetrically arranged, so that the amplitude of electromagnetic waves transmitted to each path of microstrip lead can be compensated at the output end of the impedance transformation line, and the amplitudes of the electromagnetic waves transmitted to each microstrip lead tend to be consistent; the line length of the pth microstrip lead is smaller than that of the qth microstrip lead, and the phase compensation can be performed on the n +1 paths of microstrip leads by setting the line lengths of different microstrip leads, so that the phases of the microstrip leads tend to be consistent. Therefore, the odd-path microstrip power divider with basically consistent electromagnetic wave amplitude and phase can be obtained.
Illustratively, on the basis of the above technical solution, the selectable impedance transformation line adopts a gradual impedance transformation line with a line length of λ/4, so that the transmission line impedance at the input end and the transmission line impedance at the output end are connected in a matching manner, where λ is c/f. In this embodiment, the line width of the impedance transformation line gradually increases in the direction in which the input end of the impedance transformation line points to the output end, and is not a constant line width. When the conventional dielectric plate and the height processing are used, the line width of the impedance transformation line is gradually increased, the processing is convenient, the line width of the multi-path microstrip lead matched with the impedance transformation line is correspondingly larger than the line width of about 0.05mm in the prior art, at least 0.5mm, the processing of the line width is simpler, and the processing difficulty is reduced.
In addition, the impedance transformation line can transit high impedance into low impedance through gradual change increase of line width, and the frequency band of the odd-path power divider is expanded through impedance matching of the impedance transformation line.
Optionally, the (n +1) th microstrip lead is a microstrip transmission line extending in a zigzag shape. The ultra-wideband odd-path power divider comprises 2n +1 paths of microstrip lead wires which are arranged along the Y direction, wherein the microstrip lead wire positioned at the middle most is the (n +1) th microstrip lead wire. In this embodiment, the length of the middle-most microstrip lead, that is, the (n +1) th microstrip lead, is adjusted, and the (n +1) th microstrip lead is extended downward and upward in a zigzag manner to increase the length of the microstrip lead, so that phase compensation is realized, and the output phases of the 2n +1 microstrip leads obtained after optimization are substantially the same. The output ports of all the selected microstrip lead lines are positioned on the same horizontal plane, so that the microstrip lead lines can be conveniently connected with other elements.
Optionally, the transmission line impedances of the input port and the output port of the microstrip line are both Z1, and the transmission line impedance Z2 at the output end of the impedance transformation line satisfies Z2 ≈ Z1/(2n + 1). In this embodiment, the line widths of the multiple paths of microstrip lead lines are kept consistent, the phases of the multiple paths of microstrip lead lines are basically consistent by adjusting the line lengths, and the electromagnetic wave amplitudes of the multiple paths of microstrip lead lines are basically consistent by adjusting the chamfer angles. At this time, the impedances of the multiple parallel microstrip lead wires are basically consistent, and the impedance of one microstrip lead wire is set to be Z1, so that the impedance of the input end of the multiple parallel microstrip lead wires, namely the output end impedance Z2 of the impedance transformation line is approximately equal to Z1/(2n + 1).
The calculation process is that the impedances of the 1 st microstrip lead wire to the 2n +1 th microstrip lead wire are sequentially R1, R2, R3, … and R (2n +1), and then the impedance R of the 2n +1 microstrip lead wires connected in parallel meets the condition that 1/R is 1/R1+1/R2+1/R3+ … +1/R (2n + 1); if the impedance of each microstrip lead is Z1, the impedance R of the 2n +1 microstrip leads in parallel is Z1/(2n + 1); the transmission line impedance of the output end of the impedance transformation line is equal to the impedance R of the 2n +1 paths of microstrip leads connected in parallel, and then Z2 is approximately equal to Z1/(2n + 1). It can be understood that there is negligible small error in the transmission line impedance during the detection and calculation due to objective factors such as process.
Illustratively, on the basis of the above technical solution, n may be 1, the transmission line impedance of the input end of the impedance transformation line is 50 Ω and the transmission line width thereof is equal to the line width of a 50 Ω microstrip line, and the transmission line impedance of the output end of the impedance transformation line is 16.7 Ω and the transmission line width thereof is equal to the line width of a 16.7 Ω microstrip line. And when n is 1, the transmission line impedance of the output end of the impedance transformation line is the impedance of the three microstrip lead lines connected in parallel, the impedance of each microstrip lead line is 50 Ω, and the parallel impedance of the three 50 Ω microstrip lead lines connected in parallel is 16.7 Ω, that is, the transmission line impedance of the output end of the impedance transformation line is 16.7 Ω.
In the prior art, a Chebyshev impedance transformation technology is adopted, high impedance of 150 omega is matched to low impedance of 50 omega through multi-section Chebyshev impedance transformation, but the line width of a 150 omega transmission line is about 0.05mm, the transmission line is difficult to process and realize, and the ultra wide band cannot be realized. In this embodiment, the line width of the impedance transformation line gradually increases in a direction in which the input end points to the output end, the transmission line impedance of the input end is 50 Ω, and the high impedance of 50 Ω is transformed into the transmission line impedance of 16.7 Ω of the output end by the increase of the line width. The impedance transformation line is connected with the 3 paths of microstrip lead wires, and the impedance of each path of microstrip lead wire is kept consistent.
The line width of a 50-ohm microstrip line at the input end of the selectable impedance transformation line is 0.75mm, and the line width of a 16.7-ohm microstrip line at the output end of the impedance transformation line is 3 mm; the microstrip lead adopts a microstrip line width with 50 omega impedance. The line widths of 50 omega microstrip lines are [0.6mm, 0.8mm ], and 16.7 omega microstrip lines are [2.8mm, 3.2mm ]. The transmission line width of the impedance 16.7 omega is about 3mm, the transmission line width of the impedance 50 omega is about 0.75mm, then the line width of the impedance conversion line is converted from 0.75mm to 3mm, and the line width of the microstrip lead wire is kept at 0.75 mm. Obviously, the line width is wide, the processing is simple, and the processing difficulty is reduced. The line width of the transmission line can be calculated by a microstrip line impedance calculation tool.
Optionally, the line length of the impedance transformation line is λ/4, where λ ═ c/f. c is the speed of light and f is the center frequency. In this embodiment, the line length 1/4 λ of the impedance transformation line is about 50 mm. The length of the lengthened impedance transformation line can enable the line width transformation of the impedance transformation line to be smoother and slower, and correspondingly, the impedance matching process of the impedance transformation line from high impedance of 50 omega to low impedance of 16.7 omega is smoother, so that the frequency band of the odd-path microstrip power divider is widened, and the ultra-wide band is realized.
Optionally, the working frequency band of the ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider is [2GHz, 18GHz ], wherein the relative bandwidth reaches 160%. If the relative bandwidth is 16GHz and the center frequency f is 10GHz, the calculated relative bandwidth is 160%, and ultra-wideband transmission is realized.
Optionally, the return loss of the microstrip line is less than-15 dB when the microstrip line is transmitted in a [2GHz, 4GHz ] low-frequency band, and the return loss of the microstrip line is less than-20 dB when the microstrip line is transmitted in a [4GHz, 18GHz ] high-frequency band; the insertion loss of the microstrip line in the full frequency band is less than 5 dB.
Various parameters of the ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider are described through a plurality of figures.
Fig. 1 shows a one-to-three microstrip power divider with n being 1, where the odd-numbered power divider is a power divider with ultra-wide band and equal-amplitude and in-phase output, and the specific operating frequency is an ultra-wide band of 2GHz to 18GHz, and from the aspect of bandwidth expansion, the ultra-wide band and a relative bandwidth of 160% (9 octaves) are realized, so that ultra-wide band transmission is realized, and the requirements of a broadband power amplifier system are met, where the relative bandwidth Bf is bandwidth B/center frequency fc, the bandwidth B is 16GHz, and the center frequency fc is 10 GHz. It will be appreciated that the power divider may also be implemented as a triple combiner, in the opposite direction of signal transmission.
In the one-to-three microstrip power divider provided by this embodiment, the 50 Ω high-impedance transmission line is transitioned to the low impedance of about 16.7 Ω connected in parallel with the three transmission lines through the impedance transformation technology and the one-section impedance transformation line, the 50 Ω high impedance is matched to the three 50 Ω microstrip lead lines connected in parallel, and the frequency band of the three-way power divider is widened through the impedance matching of the impedance transformation line. By calculating that the line width of the 16.7 omega transmission line is about 3mm, and the line width of the 150 omega transmission line in the prior art is about 0.05mm, obviously, the line width processing of the embodiment is simple, and the processing difficulty is reduced.
In addition, the traditional broadband one-to-three power divider has narrow bandwidth and is difficult to realize ultra wide band. The embodiment enables impedance matching to be smoother by lengthening the length (about 1/4 lambda) of the impedance transformation line, thereby widening the frequency band of the three-way power divider, finally realizing an ultra-wide frequency band of 2-18GHz, and realizing a relative bandwidth of 160%.
In the prior art, the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave of the middle microstrip lead of the odd-path power divider/combiner in a wide frequency band is difficult to keep consistent with other paths and has larger difference. In the embodiment, amplitude compensation is performed at the synthesis position of the three microstrip lead lines, and symmetrical chamfer angles are designed at the root of the convergence position of the three microstrip lead lines to balance the electromagnetic wave energy transmitted to the three output ports by the impedance conversion line, so that the amplitudes of the electromagnetic waves transmitted to the three microstrip lead lines are basically consistent, and finally, the ultra-wide band balanced output of 2-18GHz is realized. The optional chamfer angle is 0-30.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electric field when unregulated. Wherein, the oblique cutting angle is not adopted for the electromagnetic wave amplitude compensation. The electric field distribution of the middle microstrip lead wire, namely the 2 nd microstrip lead wire W2 is different from that of the two side microstrip lead wires.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of insertion loss without adjustment. In a frequency band of [2GHz, 8GHz ], the difference between the insertion loss of the output port OUT0 of the middle microstrip lead, namely the 2 nd microstrip lead and the insertion loss of the microstrip leads at two sides is small, and the maximum difference of the insertion loss is about 0.35 dB; in a frequency band of [8GHz, 18GHz ], the difference between the insertion loss of the output port OUT0 of the middle microstrip lead, namely the 2 nd microstrip lead and the insertion loss of the microstrip leads at two sides is gradually increased, and the maximum difference of the insertion losses reaches 1.85 dB.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the electric field after the adjustment optimization. And performing electromagnetic wave amplitude compensation by adopting the chamfer angle. The electric field of the middle microstrip lead wire, namely the 2 nd microstrip lead wire W2 is basically consistent with the electric field distribution of the microstrip lead wires at two sides.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of insertion loss after adjustment optimization. In the ultra-wide band of [2GHz, 18GHz ], the difference between the insertion loss of the output port OUT0 of the middle microstrip lead wire, namely the 2 nd microstrip lead wire, and the insertion loss of the microstrip lead wires at two sides is small, the maximum difference between the insertion loss of the three output ports is not more than 0.3dB, the insertion loss difference of the multi-path microstrip lead wires is effectively optimized, and the requirement of the amplitude of power distribution is met.
In the prior art, the phase of the electromagnetic wave of the middle microstrip lead of the odd-path power divider/combiner in a wide frequency band is difficult to keep consistent with that of other paths, and a large phase difference exists. In the embodiment, phase compensation is performed on the three microstrip lead lines, the middle one of the microstrip lead lines is respectively extended downwards and upwards to form a zigzag shape for phase compensation by adjusting the length of the middle one of the microstrip lead lines, and the three microstrip lead lines are obtained after optimization, and the output phases are consistent.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the phase after the adjustment optimization. Obviously, in this embodiment, the length of the middle microstrip lead line is increased to perform phase compensation, and the output phases of the three microstrip lead lines obtained after optimization are substantially consistent. The ultra-wideband microstrip three-way power divider of 2-18GHz is realized while constant-amplitude and in-phase output is ensured, and power distribution/synthesis of 16G bandwidth increment and relative bandwidth of 160% can be realized.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the electrical characteristics after the adjustment and optimization. Wherein, in the low frequency band of [2, 4GHz ], the transmission return loss is less than-15 dB; in a high-frequency band of [4, 18GHz ], the transmission return loss is less than-20 dB; the insertion loss is below 5dB, the three ports realize constant-amplitude in-phase output, the whole circuit has excellent performance and a simple structure, is easy to machine and realize, and can be well integrated in a power amplifier circuit.
Obviously, the ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider/combiner is also suitable for dividing or combining other odd-numbered paths, and parameters such as impedance, line length and line width of each corresponding port are correspondingly changed.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious modifications, rearrangements, combinations and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An ultra-wideband odd-path power divider is characterized by comprising: a microstrip line;
the microstrip line comprises an impedance transformation line and a 1 st microstrip lead to a 2n +1 th microstrip lead which are connected with the impedance transformation line and sequentially arranged along a first direction, the input end of the impedance transformation line is used as the input port of the microstrip line, the output end of the impedance transformation line is connected with the input end of each microstrip lead, the output end of one microstrip lead is used as the output port of the microstrip line, and the first direction is vertical to the extension direction of the impedance transformation line;
the structure of the ith microstrip lead and the jth microstrip lead is the same and symmetrical, the oblique cutting angle of the ith microstrip lead is equal to that of the jth microstrip lead, the oblique cutting angle is an included angle between the extension direction of the inner edge of the input end line segment of the microstrip lead and the extension direction of the impedance transformation line, i, j and n are positive integers, i + j is 2n +2, i is not equal to j;
the line length of the pth microstrip lead is less than that of the qth microstrip lead, p is more than or equal to 1 and less than q and less than or equal to n +1, or q is more than or equal to n +1 and less than or equal to p and less than or equal to 2n +1, and p and q are positive integers.
2. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered power divider according to claim 1, wherein the impedance transformation line is a tapered impedance transformation line with a line length of λ/4, and the impedance transformation line has a transmission line impedance at its input end and a transmission line impedance at its output end matched with each other, where λ ═ c/f.
3. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider of claim 1, wherein the (n +1) th microstrip lead is a microstrip transmission line extending in a zigzag shape.
4. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider of claim 1, wherein the transmission line impedances of the input port and the output port of the microstrip line are both Z1, and the transmission line impedance Z2 at the output end of the impedance transformation line satisfies Z2 ≈ Z1/(2n + 1).
5. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider according to claim 1, wherein n is 1, the transmission line impedance at the input end of the impedance transformation line is 50 Ω and the transmission line width thereof is equal to 50 Ω microstrip line width, and the transmission line impedance at the output end of the impedance transformation line is three paths of 50 Ω microstrip parallel 16.7 Ω and the transmission line width thereof is equal to 16.7 Ω microstrip line width.
6. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider according to claim 5, wherein a 50 Ω microstrip line at an input end of the impedance transformation line has a line width of 0.75mm, and a 16.7 Ω microstrip line at an output end of the impedance transformation line has a line width of 3 mm;
the microstrip lead adopts a microstrip line width with 50 omega impedance.
7. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered power divider of claim 5, wherein the line length of the impedance transformation line is λ/4, where λ ═ c/f.
8. The UWB odd-numbered path power divider of claim 7, wherein the UWB odd-numbered path power divider operates at [2GHz, 18GHz ], and wherein the relative bandwidth reaches 160%.
9. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider of claim 8, wherein the line length of the impedance transformation line is 50 mm.
10. The ultra-wideband odd-numbered path power divider of claim 8, wherein the return loss of the microstrip line is less than-15 dB when transmitting in the [2GHz, 4GHz ] low frequency band and less than-20 dB when transmitting in the [4GHz, 18GHz ] high frequency band; the insertion loss of the microstrip line in the full frequency band is less than 5 dB.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010084837.4A CN111200179A (en) | 2020-02-10 | 2020-02-10 | Ultra-wideband odd-path power divider |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010084837.4A CN111200179A (en) | 2020-02-10 | 2020-02-10 | Ultra-wideband odd-path power divider |
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| CN111200179A true CN111200179A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115051132A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-13 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Sawtooth-shaped strong-coupling power distribution network |
| CN116647242A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 四川中久防务科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave odd-number-path high-efficiency power synthesis network structure |
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| CN110890614A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-03-17 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Ultra-wideband planar power divider/synthesizer |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115051132A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-13 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Sawtooth-shaped strong-coupling power distribution network |
| CN115051132B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2024-05-10 | 上海航天电子通讯设备研究所 | Sawtooth-shaped strong-coupling power division network |
| CN116647242A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 四川中久防务科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave odd-number-path high-efficiency power synthesis network structure |
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Application publication date: 20200526 |