CN111197305A - Construction method of ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile - Google Patents
Construction method of ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 169
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
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- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21F—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF METAL WIRE
- B21F27/00—Making wire network, i.e. wire nets
- B21F27/12—Making special types or portions of network by methods or means specially adapted therefor
- B21F27/20—Making special types or portions of network by methods or means specially adapted therefor of plaster-carrying network
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/06—Foundation trenches ditches or narrow shafts
- E02D17/08—Bordering or stiffening the sides of ditches trenches or narrow shafts for foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/16—Roller bits characterised by tooth form or arrangement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/065—Separating solids from drilling fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0026—Metals
- E02D2300/0029—Steel; Iron
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of an overlong large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile, which comprises the following steps: s1, construction preparation; s2, constructing a bored pile hole forming system; s3, constructing a pumping reverse circulation drilling machine; s4, cleaning holes and changing slurry; s5, manufacturing and positioning a reinforcement cage; s6, pouring underwater concrete; and S7, pile foundation detection. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the large-diameter drill rod multi-section progressive cone and cone combined drill bit to drill holes, fully exerts the advantages of different drill bits drilling in different stratums, and can effectively improve the verticality and the construction efficiency of the drilled holes; the steel casing with the embedded toothed wing ring arranged at the top is connected with the drilling platform, so that the disturbance to the surrounding soil is small, the risk of hole collapse of the surrounding pile foundation is effectively avoided, and the normal use and driving safety of other accessories and operation equipment are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a construction method of an overlong large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile, which is suitable for pile foundation construction in bridge construction.
Background
With the improvement of construction level, the cast-in-situ bored pile has the advantages of strong adaptability to various soil layers, no soil squeezing effect, no vibration damage, low noise, strong bearing capacity and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of high-rise buildings, underground engineering, highway engineering, railway engineering, bridge engineering, port and wharf engineering and the like. At present, the length and the diameter of a bored pile are continuously increased, the requirement on the bearing capacity of a single pile is high, particularly for an ultra-long pile and a large-diameter pile, the construction difficulty is high, quality safety accidents easily occur, the treatment difficulty is high and the cost is high after the accidents occur, any link in the construction has a problem, the quality and the progress of the whole project are directly influenced, and even huge economic loss and adverse social influence are caused to investors.
Although cast-in-situ bored piles have been widely used in engineering construction, certain difficulties still exist at home and abroad in the construction of ultra-large diameter cast-in-situ bored piles: (1) the drilling of the large-diameter pile is difficult, the problem that the mechanical power loss of a pile body is easy to occur when hard rock strata occur, and the quality of the drilling construction directly determines the construction quality of the project; (2) when drilling large gravel exceeding the diameter of a suction port of the drill bit, the large gravel needs to be broken by using methods such as punching and grabbing, impacting, down-the-hole hammer and the like and then sucked upwards, and particularly under the condition that large gravel exists, the efficiency is obviously reduced; (3) the complete wall protection work is also a great problem in engineering, the requirement on the management of slurry is strict, good operation technology and rich experience are required, otherwise, hole accidents caused by the reduction of a water head due to insufficient reverse circulation flow are easy to occur, and the traditional slurry wall protection can not ensure that the hole wall does not collapse on the large-diameter hole wall; (4) at present, the domestic pile foundation steel reinforcement cage mainly depends on manual production, and is low in efficiency, high in labor intensity, large in processing quality affected by the quality of personnel, unstable in quality, large in steel reinforcement cage quality, long and thin, and easy to deviate in the sinking process, and the quality is difficult to control.
In view of this, in order to solve the existing engineering problems, the invention of the construction method of the ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile, which can improve the quality and efficiency of the site construction, reduce the difficulty of the site construction, and ensure the stability of the hole forming of the cast-in-situ bored pile, the high efficiency of the reinforcement cage manufacturing, and the accuracy of the reinforcement cage positioning, is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a construction method of an ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile, which can improve the quality and efficiency of site construction, reduce the difficulty of site construction, and ensure the stability of hole forming of the cast-in-situ bored pile, the high efficiency of reinforcement cage manufacturing and the accuracy of reinforcement cage positioning.
The construction method of the overlong large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile comprises the following steps of:
s1, construction preparation: raw materials are entered, checked and accepted, the field is smooth, and the field positioning and lofting are carried out;
s2, construction of a bored pile pore-forming system: constructing a drilling platform, manufacturing and embedding a steel casing, designing and manufacturing a drill bit of a reverse circulation drilling machine, preparing a slurry circulation system and preparing slurry;
s3, construction of a pump suction reverse circulation drilling machine: when holes are drilled according to the actual geological condition, if the stratum is a clay layer, a silt layer, a small pebble layer or a mudstone layer, adopting a multi-section type progressive roller bit for drilling, observing the operation condition, the footage speed and the slag discharge condition of a drilling tool when the drill bit enters the pebble layer with larger particle size, changing the footage speed to a cone type roller bit when the footage speed is less than 6cm/h or the footage and slag discharge are not difficult, and adopting the multi-section type progressive roller bit for drilling after penetrating through the pebble layer with large particle size; after drilling to the designed depth, detecting the drilling depth, the diameter and the hole verticality by using a hole detector, wherein the hole diameter of the formed hole is not smaller than the designed diameter;
s4, cleaning holes and changing slurry: lifting the drilling tool away from the bottom of the hole by 30-50 cm during hole cleaning, rotating the drilling tool, supplementing high-quality slurry, performing reverse circulation hole cleaning, and simultaneously keeping a water head in the hole;
s5, manufacturing and positioning of the reinforcement cage: firstly, a pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device is manufactured in a centralized mode in a reinforcement processing factory, then main reinforcements are arranged in reinforcement placing teeth on a reinforcement cage jig, reinforcement hoops are welded on the main reinforcements at equal intervals, one main reinforcement is welded to the tops of the reinforcement hoops, other main reinforcements are respectively arranged on the reinforcement hoops in sequence through adjusting hooks to be integrally welded and formed, and the hoops on the outer side of the reinforcement cage framework are fixed through hoop grooves after the integral framework is formed; the position of a reinforcement cage roll welding power system is adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic supporting rod, so that the reinforcement cage is lifted, power is provided by a driving motor to drive the reinforcement cage to rotate, and stirrups of the reinforcement cage are welded manually; after the whole reinforcement cage is manufactured, the position of a lifting point is determined, a separate lifting sleeve is arranged at the intersection of a reinforcing hoop and a main reinforcement, and a plurality of equal-length lifting ropes are adopted for lifting; the steel reinforcement cage positioning system is formed by combining a steel casing and profile steel, when a steel reinforcement cage descends to a reinforcement hoop near a top hoisting point and approaches to an orifice, a bolt steel plate penetrates through the steel casing and is clamped below the reinforcement hoop, the steel reinforcement cage is temporarily supported at the orifice, then a second section of steel reinforcement cage is hoisted, the upper section of steel reinforcement cage and the lower section of steel reinforcement cage are positioned on the same vertical line, sleeve connection is carried out, sound detection pipe connection is carried out after the connection is finished, the steel reinforcement cage is lifted after the connection is finished, the bolt steel plate is removed, the steel reinforcement cage is descended, and the process is repeated until all the steel reinforcement cages are descended to the designed elevation;
s6, underwater concrete pouring: installing a guide pipe, and pouring concrete at the back cover by adopting a waterproof bolt and plug pulling method, so that the concrete falls along the guide pipe, simultaneously continuously replenishing the concrete into the storage hopper, and immediately turning to a normal pouring stage after the pouring of the first batch of concrete is finished until the pouring of the whole pile is finished;
s7, pile foundation detection: and (5) detecting the integrity and the bearing capacity of the pile body to complete the quality acceptance of the pile foundation.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the bored pile pore-forming system in the step S2 comprises a drilling platform, a reverse circulation drilling machine, a steel casing, a drill rod, a drill bit, a mud pipe, a filter screen groove, a traction type slag scraping system, a slag discharge hole, a slag collecting box, a sedimentation tank and a mud tank; the bored pile is drilled into the hole through the combination of the multi-section progressive cone bit and the cone bit, the wall protection slurry is pumped into an inclined filter screen groove through a sand pump by a slurry pipe and a slag hole, the liquid slurry directly flows into a sedimentation tank through a filter screen of the filter screen groove, large-particle drilling slag left after filtering is discharged to a slag collection tank through a slag discharge hole, the large-particle drilling slag is uniformly transported out through manpower, the slurry in the sedimentation tank is deposited and then pumped into the slurry tank through a slurry pipe by a slurry pump for standby, and expansive soil, caustic soda and cellulose are properly added to improve the PH, colloid rate, viscosity and other performance indexes of the slurry.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: and S2, fixing the steel casing in the cast-in-situ bored pile hole forming system on the drilling platform through the embedded toothed wing ring arranged at the top, and arranging a steel plate stiffening band at the bottom of the steel casing as a cutting edge.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the drill bit in the bored pile hole forming system of step S2 includes a multi-section progressive cone drill bit and a cone drill bit; the drill body of the multi-section progressive roller bit is of a stepped progressive structure, and drill teeth are arranged along the periphery of the bottom of the drill body; the drill point of the cone-type roller bit is of a cone-type structure, the three side wings are fixed on the drill rod through the fixing wings, and the drill teeth are uniformly distributed on the side wings and the periphery of the drill point.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: and S2, arranging filter screen grooves in the bored pile hole forming system in an inclined mode and fixing the filter screen grooves through a support, wherein the bottom of each filter screen groove is a filter screen, a steel plate is welded to the side face of each filter screen groove, the filter screen grooves are integrally groove-shaped, slag discharging holes are formed in the bottom ends of the filter screen grooves, and large-particle drilling slag is discharged into a slag collecting box.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the traction type slag scraping system in the cast-in-situ bored pile hole forming system in the step S2 is composed of a slag scraping plate, a traction rod, a traction rope, a winch and a winch working platform; the traction rod is fixedly connected with the slag scraping plate, the traction rod is connected with the winch through the traction rope, the winch is located on the winch working platform, and the winch drives the traction rope to finish cleaning of large-particle drilling slag in the filter screen groove.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device comprises a pedestal, a reinforcement cage jig frame, a positioning plate, a reinforcement cage roll welding power system, an adjustable reinforcement cage inner support piece, a separated hoisting sleeve and a reinforcement cage positioning system; the pedestal is fixedly connected with a plurality of cross beams which are arranged perpendicularly to the vertical beams through safety bolts by two vertical beams which are arranged in parallel; the steel reinforcement cage jig is formed by fixing a circular arc-shaped positioning hoop and angle steel through a safety bolt, the steel reinforcement cage jig is fixed on a cross beam through the safety bolt, a reinforcement placing tooth is reserved on the positioning hoop for positioning a main reinforcement, and a stirrup groove is welded on the positioning hoop for positioning a stirrup; the reinforcement cage roll welding power system comprises a driving motor, a main guide wheel, a connecting shaft, a rotating wheel and a rotating belt, wherein the main guide wheel, the connecting shaft and the rotating wheel are welded together and are supported by telescopic supporting rods, the supporting rods are respectively fixed on the ground and a positioning plate, power is provided by the driving motor to drive the rotating belt to rotate, then the reinforcement cage is driven to rotate by means of friction of the main guide wheel, and stirrups are welded manually; the adjustable inner support piece of the reinforcement cage consists of a connecting piece, a threaded sleeve and a threaded rod and is supported in a triangular mode; the top end of the connecting piece is provided with a concave clamping groove for placing a reinforcing hoop, and the supporting length is adjusted by adjusting the position between the threaded rod and the threaded sleeve; the separated hoisting sleeve is used as an auxiliary device of a hoisting point of the steel reinforcement cage, a reinforcing hoop rib hole and a main rib hole are reserved, and the separated hoisting sleeve is placed at the intersection of the reinforcing hoop and the main rib; the separated hoisting sleeve consists of a hoisting sleeve upper sheet and a hoisting sleeve lower sheet; the steel reinforcement cage positioning system is formed by combining and welding a steel protection cylinder and profile steel.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: the interval of the cross beams in the pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device in the step S5 is 2-2.5 m, and the cross beams are fixed on the ground through embedded bolts; the supporting rod is respectively fixed on the ground and the positioning plate through a fixed support; a plurality of rows of threaded holes are reserved in the positioning plate; the driving motors are fixed on the positioning plates, and two ends of the reinforcement cage along the length direction are respectively provided with one group; the shape and the size of the clamping groove are consistent with those of the reinforcing hoop, and the lug plate of each connecting piece is connected with the two threaded sleeves through two safety bolts; two threaded sleeves on the same side of the triangular supporting side are connected through a threaded rod.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: and S5, fixing the upper piece and the lower piece of the hoisting sleeve in the pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device respectively through safety bolts to form a whole, wherein grooves and convex grooves which are arranged at intervals are reserved on the contact surfaces of the upper piece and the lower piece of the hoisting sleeve respectively, the grooves and the convex grooves at corresponding positions are mutually jointed, and lifting lugs are welded on the upper piece of the hoisting sleeve.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: step S5 pile foundation steel reinforcement cage preparation and positioner in the shaped steel external steel protect a section of thick bamboo and weld into "well" style of calligraphy structure, shaped steel and steel protect between the section of thick bamboo welding steel sheet as the operation platform, wherein the steel protects a plurality of trompil along the periphery reservation to steel protects a section of thick bamboo welding stiffening hoop and strengthens, the trompil of reservation is used for inserting the bolt steel sheet and supports the steel reinforcement cage temporarily.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts the large-diameter drill rod multi-section progressive cone and cone combined drill bit to drill holes, fully exerts the advantages of different drill bits drilling in different stratums, and can effectively improve the verticality and the construction efficiency of the drilled holes; the steel casing with the embedded toothed wing ring arranged at the top is connected with the drilling platform, so that the disturbance to the surrounding soil is small, the risk of hole collapse of the surrounding pile foundation is effectively avoided, and the normal use and driving safety of other accessories and operation equipment are ensured.
(2) The invention forms a mud circulating and regenerating system consisting of a sedimentation tank, a mud tank, a filter screen groove, a slag collecting tank and the like, reduces the engineering cost of mud preparation, realizes the repeated utilization of mud, simultaneously reduces the influence of waste mud on the environment, and has the technical advantages of simple and convenient preparation, low price, high efficiency, environmental protection and the like.
(3) According to the invention, the steel reinforcement cage is manufactured through the steel reinforcement cage jig, and the steel reinforcement cage roll welding power system is adopted to replace a plurality of manual operation processes, so that the mechanization degree of the processing and manufacturing of the steel reinforcement cage is increased, and meanwhile, the steel reinforcement cage positioning system formed by combining the steel casing and the section steel is adopted to realize the accurate positioning of the steel reinforcement cage, thereby ensuring the verticality of the steel reinforcement cage and reducing the difficulty of site construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bored pile hole-forming system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a multi-section progressive roller cone drill bit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cone type roller cone drill bit;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a steel casing;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a slant type filtering and slag removing system for a cast-in-situ bored pile;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a reinforcement cage roll welding power system;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a reinforcement cage jig;
FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an adjustable inner support member of the reinforcement cage;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcement cage internal stay connector;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a steel reinforcement cage split hoist sleeve;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of a reinforcement cage positioning system.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a drilling platform, 2-a reverse circulation drilling machine, 3-a steel casing, 4-a drill rod, 5-a drill bit, 6-a mud pipe, 7-a sand pump, 8-a slag hole, 9-a filter screen groove, 10-a traction type slag scraping system, 11-a slag hole, 12-a slag collecting box, 13-a sedimentation tank, 14-a mud pump and 15-a mud tank; 16-drill body, 17-drill tooth, 18-flank, 19-fixed wing, 20-drill point, 21-embedded tooth wing ring, 22-steel plate stiffening belt, 23-bracket, 24-slag scraping plate, 25-traction rod, 26-traction rope, 27-winch, 28-winch working platform, 29-crossbeam, 30-vertical beam, 31-steel bar cage jig, 32-main guide wheel, 33-connecting shaft, 34-rotating wheel, 35-supporting rod, 36-fixed support, 37-positioning plate, 38-embedded bolt, 39-threaded hole, 40-driving motor, 41-safety bolt, 42-rotating belt, 43-angle steel, 44-bar resting tooth, 45-bar hooping groove and 46-threaded rod; 47-threaded sleeve, 48-connecting piece, 49-reinforced hoop, 50-main rib, 51-hoop, 52-clamping groove, 53-lug plate, 54-upper hoisting sleeve piece, 55-lower hoisting sleeve piece, 56-reinforced hoop hole, 57-main rib hole, 58-lifting lug, 59-groove, 60-convex groove, 61-section steel, 62-bolt steel plate, 63-steel plate and 64-positioning hoop.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following examples are set forth merely to aid in the understanding of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the construction method of the ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile includes the following construction steps:
s1, construction preparation: raw materials are entered, checked and accepted, the field is smooth, and the field positioning and lofting are carried out;
s2, construction of a bored pile pore-forming system: constructing a drilling platform 1, manufacturing and embedding a steel casing 3, designing and manufacturing a drill bit 5 of a reverse circulation drilling machine 2, preparing a slurry circulation system and preparing slurry;
s3, construction of a pump suction reverse circulation drilling machine: when holes are drilled according to actual geological conditions, if the stratum is a clay layer, a silt layer, a small pebble layer and a mudstone layer, a multi-section type progressive roller bit is adopted for drilling, when the drill bit 5 enters a pebble layer with a larger particle size, the operation condition, the footage speed and the slag discharge condition of a drilling tool need to be observed, when the footage speed is less than 6cm/h or footage and slag discharge are not difficult, the cone type roller bit is replaced (the pressure of the drill bit is concentrated to improve the pebble crushing efficiency), and after the pebble layer with a large particle size is penetrated, the multi-section type progressive roller bit is adopted for drilling. After drilling to the designed depth, detecting the drilling depth, the diameter and the hole verticality by using a hole detector, wherein the hole diameter of the formed hole is not smaller than the designed diameter;
s4, cleaning holes and changing slurry: lifting the drilling tool away from the bottom of the hole by about 30-50 cm during hole cleaning, slowly rotating the drilling tool, supplementing high-quality slurry, performing reverse circulation hole cleaning, and simultaneously keeping a water head in the hole to prevent hole collapse;
s5, manufacturing and positioning of the reinforcement cage: firstly, a pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device is manufactured in a centralized mode in a reinforcement processing factory, then a main reinforcement 50 is arranged in reinforcement placing teeth 44 on a reinforcement cage jig 31, reinforcement hoops 49 are welded on the main reinforcement 50 at equal intervals, one main reinforcement 50 is welded on the tops of the reinforcement hoops 49, other main reinforcements 50 are respectively arranged on the reinforcement hoops 49 through adjusting hooks to be integrally welded and formed, and after the integral framework is formed, stirrups 51 on the outer side of the reinforcement cage jig are fixed through stirrup grooves 45; the position of a reinforcement cage roll welding power system can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic support rod 35, so that the reinforcement cage is lifted, power is provided by the driving motor 40 to drive the reinforcement cage to rotate, and stirrups 41 of the reinforcement cage are welded manually; after the whole reinforcement cage is manufactured, the position of a lifting point is determined, a separate lifting sleeve is arranged at the intersection of the reinforcing hoop 49 and the main reinforcement 50, and a plurality of equal-length lifting ropes are adopted for lifting; the steel reinforcement cage positioning system is formed by combining a steel casing 3 and profile steel 61, when the steel reinforcement cage descends to a reinforcement hoop 49 near a top hoisting point and approaches to an orifice, a bolt steel plate 62 penetrates through the steel casing 3 and is clamped below the reinforcement hoop 49, the steel reinforcement cage is temporarily supported at the orifice, then a second section of the steel reinforcement cage is hoisted, the upper steel reinforcement cage and the lower steel reinforcement cage are positioned on the same vertical line, sleeve connection is carried out, sound detection pipe connection is carried out after the connection is finished, the steel reinforcement cage is slightly lifted after the connection is finished, the bolt steel plate 62 is removed, the steel reinforcement cage is slowly descended, and the process is repeated until all the steel reinforcement cages are descended to a designed elevation;
s6, underwater concrete pouring: installing a guide pipe, ensuring the water tightness of the guide pipe, constructing concrete bottom sealing pouring by adopting a water-resisting bolt ball bladder and plug pulling method, enabling the concrete to fall along the guide pipe, continuously supplementing the concrete into a storage hopper at the same time, and immediately turning to a normal pouring stage after pouring of the first batch of concrete is completed until pouring of the whole pile is completed;
s7, pile foundation detection: and (5) detecting the integrity and the bearing capacity of the pile body to complete the quality acceptance of the pile foundation.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, the cast-in-situ bored pile hole forming system described in step S2 includes a drilling platform 1, a reverse circulation drilling machine 2, a steel casing 3, a drill rod 4, a drill bit 5, a mud pipe 6, a screen groove 9, a traction type slag scraping system 10, a slag discharge hole 11, a slag collection box 12, a sedimentation tank 13, and a mud tank 15; the drilling platform 1 is provided with a reverse circulation drilling machine 2, the reverse circulation drilling machine 2 is connected with a drilling rod 4, and the lower end of the drilling rod 4 is provided with a drill bit 5; the steel casing 3 is fixed on the drilling platform 1; the drill rod 4 is connected with a slurry pipe 6, the slurry pipe 6 is connected with a sand pump 7 and a slag hole 8, and the slag hole 8 is positioned above the filter screen groove 9; a traction type slag scraping system 10 is arranged at the position of the filter screen groove 9, and a slag collecting box 12 is arranged below a slag discharge hole 11 at the lower end of the filter screen groove 9; a sedimentation tank 13 is arranged below the filter screen groove 9, the sedimentation tank 13 is communicated to a mud tank 15 through a mud pump 14 and a mud pipe 6, and the mud tank 15 is communicated to a pile hole through the mud pump 14 and the mud pipe 6. The bored pile is drilled into a hole through the combination of a large-diameter drill rod multi-section progressive cone bit and a cone bit, the wall protection slurry is pumped into an inclined filter screen groove 9 through a sand pump 7 and a slag hole 8 by a mud pipe 6, the liquid slurry directly flows into a sedimentation tank 13 through a filter screen of the filter screen groove 9, large-particle drilling slag left by filtration is discharged into a slag collection tank 12 through a slag discharge hole 11 and is uniformly transported out by manpower, the slurry in the sedimentation tank 13 is precipitated and then pumped into a slurry tank 15 by a slurry pump 14 through the mud pipe 6 for standby, and expansive soil, caustic soda and cellulose are properly added to improve the performance indexes of the slurry, such as PH, colloid rate, viscosity and the like. The steel casing 3 is fixed on the drilling platform 1 through a tabling tooth wing ring 21 arranged at the top, and a steel plate stiffening strip 22 is arranged at the bottom of the steel casing 3 and serves as a cutting edge. The drill bit 5 comprises a multi-section progressive roller bit and a cone roller bit; the drill body 16 of the multi-section progressive roller bit is of a stepped progressive structure, and drill teeth 17 are arranged along the periphery of the bottom of the drill body 16; the drill point 20 of the cone-type roller bit is of a cone-type structure, three side wings 18 are fixed on the drill rod 4 through fixing wings 19, and the drill teeth 17 are uniformly arranged on the peripheries of the side wings 18 and the drill point 20. Filter screen groove 9 arrange for the tilting, fix through support 23, filter screen groove 9 bottom is the filter screen, side welding steel sheet prevents that mud from splashing, filter screen groove 9 wholly is the recess shape, and is provided with row cinder hole 11 in the bottom, is convenient for bore the sediment with the large granule and arranges into in collection sediment case 12. The traction type slag scraping system 10 consists of a slag scraping plate 24, a traction rod 25, a traction rope 26, a winch 27 and a winch working platform 28; the traction rod 25 is fixedly connected with the slag scraping plate 24, and the winch 27 drives the traction rope 26 to clean large-particle drilling slag in the filter screen groove 9.
Referring to fig. 7 to 14, the pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device in step S5 includes a pedestal, a reinforcement cage jig 31, a positioning plate 37, a reinforcement cage roll welding power system, an adjustable reinforcement cage inner support member, a split type hoisting sleeve, and a reinforcement cage positioning system.
The pedestal is fixedly connected with a plurality of transverse beams 29 which are perpendicular to the vertical beams through safety bolts 13 by two vertical beams 30 which are arranged in parallel, the interval between the transverse beams is 2-2.5 m, and the transverse beams are fixed on the ground through embedded bolts 38.
The steel reinforcement cage jig 31 is formed by fixing a circular arc-shaped positioning hoop 64 and angle steel 43 through a safety bolt 41, and is fixed on the cross beam 29 through the safety bolt 41, a rib placing tooth 44 is reserved on the positioning hoop 64, so that the main rib 50 is convenient to position, and meanwhile, a hoop groove 45 is welded on the positioning hoop 64, so that the hoop 51 is convenient to position.
The reinforcement cage roll welding power system comprises a driving motor 40, a main guide wheel 32, a connecting shaft 33, a rotating wheel 34 and a rotating belt 42, wherein the main guide wheel 32, the connecting shaft 33 and the rotating wheel 34 are welded together and are supported by a telescopic supporting rod 35, the supporting rod 35 is respectively fixed on the ground and a positioning plate 37 through a fixing support 36, and particularly, a plurality of rows of threaded holes 39 are reserved in the positioning plate 37, so that the supporting rod 35 can be conveniently fixed at different positions of the positioning plate 37, and the supporting stability is ensured; the position of the rotating system can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic supporting rod 35, so that the steel reinforcement cage is lifted up, the driving motor 40 provides power to drive the rotating belt 42 to rotate, the steel reinforcement cage is driven to rotate by the friction of the main guide wheel 32, and the steel reinforcement cage stirrup 51 is welded manually; the driving motor 40 is fixed on the positioning plate 37, and is arranged at each of two ends of the reinforcement cage along the length direction.
The adjustable inner support piece of the reinforcement cage consists of a connecting piece 48, a threaded sleeve 47 and a threaded rod 46 and is supported in a triangular mode; the top end of each connecting piece 48 is provided with a concave clamping groove 52 for placing the reinforcing hoop 49, the shape and the size of each clamping groove 52 are consistent with those of the reinforcing hoop 49, and each connecting piece 48 is connected with the two threaded sleeves 47 through the two safety bolts 41 for adjusting the supporting angle; two threaded sleeves 47 on the same side of the triangular support side are connected through a threaded rod 46, and the support length can be adjusted by adjusting the position between the threaded rod 46 and the threaded sleeves 47.
The separated hoisting sleeve is used as an auxiliary device of a hoisting point of the steel reinforcement cage, is reserved with a reinforcing hoop hole 56 and a main reinforcement hole 57 and is placed at the intersection of the reinforcing hoop 49 and the main reinforcement 50; the separated hoisting sleeve is composed of a hoisting sleeve upper piece 54 and a hoisting sleeve lower piece 55, and can be fixed to form a whole through a safety bolt 41 on site after being prefabricated by a factory, wherein grooves 59 and convex grooves 60 which are arranged at intervals are reserved on contact surfaces of the hoisting sleeve upper piece 54 and the hoisting sleeve lower piece 55 respectively, the grooves 59 and the convex grooves 60 at corresponding positions can be jointed with each other to ensure the stability of the separated hoisting sleeve, and lifting lugs 58 are welded on the hoisting sleeve upper piece 54, so that the hoisting of the steel reinforcement cage is facilitated.
Steel reinforcement cage positioning system protects a section of thick bamboo 3 and shaped steel 61 combination welding by the steel and forms, and the external steel of shaped steel 61 protects a section of thick bamboo 3 and welds into "well" style of calligraphy structure, and shaped steel and steel protect between the section of thick bamboo welding steel sheet 63 as the operation platform, and wherein four trompils are reserved along the periphery to a section of thick bamboo 3 is protected to the welding hoop of putting more energy into and strengthens, and the trompil of reserving is used for inserting bolt steel sheet 62 and supports the steel reinforcement cage temporarily.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of an overlong large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
s1, construction preparation: raw materials are entered, checked and accepted, the field is smooth, and the field positioning and lofting are carried out;
s2, construction of a bored pile pore-forming system: constructing a drilling platform (1), manufacturing and embedding a steel casing (3), designing and manufacturing a drill bit (5) of a reverse circulation drilling machine (2), preparing a slurry circulation system and preparing slurry;
s3, construction of a pump suction reverse circulation drilling machine: when holes are drilled according to the actual geological condition, if the stratum is a clay layer, a silt layer, a small pebble layer or a mudstone layer, a multi-section type progressive roller bit is adopted for drilling, when the drill bit (5) enters a pebble layer with larger particle size, the operation condition, the footage speed and the slag discharge condition of a drilling tool are observed, when the footage speed is less than 6cm/h or the footage and slag discharge are not difficult, the cone type roller bit is replaced, and after the pebble layer with large particle size is penetrated, the multi-section type progressive roller bit is adopted for drilling; after drilling to the designed depth, detecting the drilling depth, the diameter and the hole verticality by using a hole detector, wherein the hole diameter of the formed hole is not smaller than the designed diameter;
s4, cleaning holes and changing slurry: lifting the drilling tool away from the bottom of the hole by 30-50 cm during hole cleaning, rotating the drilling tool, supplementing high-quality slurry, performing reverse circulation hole cleaning, and simultaneously keeping a water head in the hole;
s5, manufacturing and positioning of the reinforcement cage: firstly, a pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device is manufactured in a centralized mode in a reinforcement processing factory, then a main reinforcement (50) is arranged in reinforcement placing teeth (44) on a reinforcement cage jig (31), reinforcement hoops (49) are welded on the main reinforcement (50) at equal intervals, one main reinforcement (50) is welded on the top of each reinforcement hoop (49), other main reinforcements (50) are sequentially arranged on the reinforcement hoops (49) through adjusting hooks to be integrally welded and formed, and a hoop (51) on the outer side of a reinforcement cage framework is fixed through a hoop groove (45) after the integral framework is formed; the position of a reinforcement cage roll welding power system is adjusted by adjusting the length of the telescopic support rod (35), so that the reinforcement cage is lifted up, power is provided by a driving motor (40) to drive the reinforcement cage to rotate, and stirrups (41) of the reinforcement cage are welded manually; after the whole reinforcement cage is manufactured, the position of a lifting point is determined, a separated lifting sleeve is arranged at the intersection of a reinforcing hoop (49) and a main reinforcement (50), and a plurality of equal-length lifting ropes are adopted for lifting; the steel reinforcement cage positioning system is formed by combining a steel casing (3) and profile steel (61), when a steel reinforcement cage descends to a reinforcement hoop (49) near a top hoisting point and approaches to an orifice, a bolt steel plate (62) penetrates through the steel casing (3) and is clamped below the reinforcement hoop (49), the steel reinforcement cage is temporarily supported at the orifice, then a second section of the steel reinforcement cage is hoisted, the upper and lower sections of the steel reinforcement cage are positioned on the same vertical line, sleeve connection is carried out, the sounding pipe is connected after the connection is finished, the steel reinforcement cage is lifted after the connection is finished, the bolt steel plate (62) is removed, the steel reinforcement cage is descended, and the process is repeated until all the steel reinforcement cages are lowered to the designed elevation;
s6, underwater concrete pouring: installing a guide pipe, and pouring concrete at the back cover by adopting a waterproof bolt and plug pulling method, so that the concrete falls along the guide pipe, simultaneously continuously replenishing the concrete into the storage hopper, and immediately turning to a normal pouring stage after the pouring of the first batch of concrete is finished until the pouring of the whole pile is finished;
s7, pile foundation detection: and (5) detecting the integrity and the bearing capacity of the pile body to complete the quality acceptance of the pile foundation.
2. The construction method of the ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bored pile pore-forming system comprises a drilling platform (1), a reverse circulation drilling machine (2), a steel casing (3), a drilling rod (4), a drilling bit (5), a mud pipe (6), a filter screen groove (9), a traction type slag scraping system (10), a slag discharge hole (11), a slag collection box (12), a sedimentation tank (13) and a mud tank (15); the bored concrete pile creeps into the pore-forming through the combination of the gradual roller bit of multistage formula and the cone type roller bit, the dado mud is sent into tilting screen cell (9) through grit pump (7) through slag notch (8) pump by mud pipe (6), liquid mud directly flows into sedimentation tank (13) through the filter screen of screen cell (9), the large granule drilling slag that filters the retention is discharged to collection sediment case (12) through slag discharge hole (11), through artifical unified transport processing, adopt slush pump (14) to pump into mud pond (15) through mud pipe (6) after the mud in sedimentation tank (13) deposits for use, and add the bentonite properly, caustic soda and cellulose improve performance index such as PH, colloid rate and viscosity of mud.
3. The construction method of the ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: and S2, fixing the steel casing (3) in the cast-in-situ bored pile hole forming system on the drilling platform (1) through the embedded toothed wing ring (21) arranged at the top, and arranging a steel plate stiffening band (22) as a cutting edge at the bottom of the steel casing (3).
4. The construction method of the ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: the drill bit (5) in the bored pile hole forming system in the step S2 comprises a multi-section progressive cone drill bit and a cone drill bit; the drill body (16) of the multi-section progressive roller bit is of a stepped progressive structure, and drill teeth (17) are arranged along the periphery of the bottom of the drill body (16); the drill point (20) of the cone-type roller bit is of a cone-type structure, three side wings (18) are fixed on the drill rod (4) through fixing wings (19), and the drill teeth (17) are uniformly distributed on the peripheries of the side wings (18) and the drill point (20).
5. The construction method of the ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: s2, arranging the filter screen groove (9) in the cast-in-situ bored pile hole forming system in an inclined mode, fixing the filter screen groove through the support (23), arranging a filter screen at the bottom of the filter screen groove (9), welding a steel plate on the side face of the filter screen groove (9), integrally forming the filter screen groove (9) into a groove shape, arranging a slag discharge hole (11) at the bottom end of the filter screen groove (9), and discharging large-particle drilling slag into the slag collection box (12).
6. The construction method of the ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: the traction type slag scraping system (10) in the cast-in-situ bored pile hole forming system in the step S2 is composed of a slag scraping plate (24), a traction rod (25), a traction rope (26), a winch (27) and a winch working platform (28); the traction rod (25) is fixedly connected with the slag scraping plate (24), the traction rod (25) is connected with the winch (27) through the traction rope (26), the winch (27) is located on a working platform (28) of the winch, and the winch (27) drives the traction rope (26) to finish cleaning of large-particle drilling slag in the filter screen groove (9).
7. The construction method of the ultra-long large-diameter cast-in-situ bored pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device comprises a pedestal, a reinforcement cage jig frame (31), a positioning plate (37), a reinforcement cage roll welding power system, an adjustable reinforcement cage inner support piece, a separated hoisting sleeve and a reinforcement cage positioning system; the pedestal is fixedly connected with a plurality of cross beams (29) which are arranged perpendicular to the vertical beams through safety bolts (13) by two vertical beams (30) which are arranged in parallel; the reinforcement cage jig frame (31) is formed by fixing a circular arc-shaped positioning hoop (64) and angle steel (43) through a safety bolt (41), the reinforcement cage jig frame (31) is fixed on a cross beam (29) through the safety bolt (41), a reinforcement placing tooth (44) is reserved on the positioning hoop (64) and used for positioning a main reinforcement (50), and meanwhile, a reinforcement groove (45) is welded on the positioning hoop (64) and used for positioning a reinforcement (51); the roll welding power system of the reinforcement cage comprises a driving motor (40), a main guide wheel (32), a connecting shaft (33), a rotating wheel (34) and a rotating belt (42), wherein the main guide wheel (32), the connecting shaft (33) and the rotating wheel (34) are welded together and are supported by a telescopic supporting rod (35), the supporting rod (35) is respectively fixed on the ground and a positioning plate (37), power is provided by the driving motor (40) to drive the rotating belt (42) to rotate, then the reinforcement cage is driven to rotate by friction of the main guide wheel (32), and stirrups (51) are welded manually; the adjustable inner support piece of the reinforcement cage consists of a connecting piece (48), a threaded sleeve (47) and a threaded rod (46), and is supported in a triangular mode; a concave clamping groove (52) is formed in the top end of the connecting piece (48) and used for placing a reinforcing hoop (49), and the supporting length is adjusted by adjusting the position between the threaded rod (46) and the threaded sleeve (47); the separated hoisting sleeve is used as an auxiliary device of a hoisting point of the steel reinforcement cage, a reinforcing hoop rib hole (56) and a main rib hole (57) are reserved, and the separated hoisting sleeve is placed at the intersection of the reinforcing hoop (49) and the main rib (50); the separated hoisting sleeve consists of a hoisting sleeve upper sheet (54) and a hoisting sleeve lower sheet (55); the steel reinforcement cage positioning system is formed by combining and welding a steel casing (3) and section steel (61).
8. The construction method of an ultralong large-diameter bored pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: the interval between the cross beams (29) in the pile foundation reinforcement cage manufacturing and positioning device in the step S5 is 2-2.5 m, and the cross beams (29) are fixed on the ground through embedded bolts (38); the supporting rod (35) is respectively fixed on the ground and the positioning plate (37) through a fixed support (36); a plurality of rows of threaded holes (39) are reserved in the positioning plate (37); the driving motors (40) are fixed on the positioning plates (37), and a group of driving motors is respectively arranged at two ends of the reinforcement cage along the length direction; the shape and the size of the clamping groove (52) are consistent with those of the reinforcing hoop (49), and the lug plate (53) of each connecting piece (48) is connected with the two threaded sleeves (47) through the two safety bolts (41); two threaded sleeves (47) on the same side of the triangular supporting side are connected through a threaded rod (46).
9. The construction method of an ultralong large-diameter bored pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: and S5, fixing an upper hoisting sleeve piece (54) and a lower hoisting sleeve piece (55) in the device for manufacturing and positioning the pile foundation reinforcement cage through a safety bolt (41) to form a whole, wherein grooves (59) and convex grooves (60) which are arranged at intervals are reserved on the contact surface of the upper hoisting sleeve piece (54) and the lower hoisting sleeve piece (55) respectively, the grooves (59) and the convex grooves (60) at corresponding positions are jointed with each other, and lifting lugs (58) are welded on the upper hoisting sleeve piece (54).
10. The construction method of an ultralong large-diameter bored pile according to claim 7, characterized in that: step S5 pile foundation steel reinforcement cage preparation and positioner in shaped steel (61) external steel protect a section of thick bamboo (3) weld into "well" style of calligraphy structure, shaped steel and steel protect between the section of thick bamboo welding steel sheet (63) as the operation platform, wherein a plurality of trompil is reserved along the periphery to a steel protects a section of thick bamboo (3) and welds the hoop reinforcement of putting more energy into to the steel, the trompil of reservation is used for inserting bolt steel sheet (62) and supports the steel reinforcement cage temporarily.
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Denomination of invention: Construction method of super long and large diameter bored pile Effective date of registration: 20230927 Granted publication date: 20211022 Pledgee: Industrial Bank Limited by Share Ltd. Wuhan branch Pledgor: HUBEI PROVINCIAL ROAD & BRIDGE Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980059401 |
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