CN111195605B

CN111195605B - Apple automatic classification device

Info

Publication number: CN111195605B
Application number: CN202010068962.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘全全; 徐丽; 邵苏东; 张庆国; 徐文君; 陈汝; 张澎; 刘艳艳; 马胜男
Original assignee: Dongying Natural Resources Bureau
Current assignee: Dongying Natural Resources Bureau
Priority date: 2020-01-21
Filing date: 2020-01-21
Publication date: 2021-03-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-21
Also published as: CN111195605A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic apple sorting device, which relates to the field of sorting and comprises a sorting box, wherein a sorting mechanism is installed on the sorting box and comprises a fixing frame, a plurality of side connecting plates are respectively arranged on two sides of the fixing frame, the side connecting plates are connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism drives the fixing frame to move up and down so that the fixing frame can be immersed into or put out of water, and an adjusting frame is inserted into the fixing frame.

Description

Apple automatic classification device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of sorting, in particular to an automatic apple sorting device.

Background

Apple, one of the most common fruits. Apple trees belong to the Rosaceae family, deciduous trees, leaves of which are oval and have sawteeth. The fruit is spherical, sweet in taste, crisp and tasty in mouthfeel, rich in nutrition and the like, and is the crown of four fruits in the world. Apples are usually red, but also yellow and green. Apple is a low calorie food, and produces only 60 kcal per 100 g. The apple has rich nutrients and is easy to be absorbed by human body, so it is called "running water" which is good for dissolving sulfur element and making skin smooth and tender.

However, apples are not directly sold in the market after being picked, and need to be classified and screened, the most basic method of classified screening is to screen and classify according to sizes, the transmission is classified and screened according to the sizes, most of the apples are manually screened and screened according to senses of people, and therefore the apple picking machine is high in working labor intensity, time-consuming, labor-consuming and low in working efficiency.

Chinese patent CN105855176A discloses a multistage apple sorter, the multistage classification of the device, but adopt the mode that the apple roll dropped in the classification process, this kind of classification method causes colliding with of apple easily, when influencing the follow-up transportation storage of apple, leads to the apple to appear breaking the mouth easily and leads to the fact the problem of rotting.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the transportation and storage of apples are easily affected by damage of existing apple sorting equipment, the invention provides an automatic apple sorting device which can avoid the problem.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

an automatic apple classifying device comprises a cleaning box, a classifying box, a transfer box, a small fruit box, a middle fruit box and a large fruit box, wherein the cleaning box is communicated with the classifying box, the classifying box is provided with a classifying mechanism, the classifying box is connected with the transfer box, the transfer box is respectively connected with the small fruit box, the middle fruit box and the large fruit box, the classifying mechanism comprises a fixing frame, a plurality of side connecting plates are respectively arranged at two sides of the fixing frame, the side connecting plates are connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism drives the fixing frame to move up and down so as to enable the fixing frame to be immersed into or lifted out of the water, the fixing frame comprises a left fixing rod and a right fixing rod which are arranged in parallel, the left fixing rod and the right fixing rod are connected together through a plurality of U-shaped classifying rods which are arranged in parallel, a plurality of linear array guide holes are arranged on the left fixing rod and the, the utility model discloses a fixed frame, including the guide bar, adjust the frame and reciprocate along the guide bar, adjust the frame and include a plurality of parallel arrangement's lifter, the guide bar is all installed at the both ends of lifter, the guide bar is pegged graft and is reciprocated in the guide hole and along the guide hole, and the guide bar upper end that is in the lifter left end is connected with left regulation pole, and the guide bar upper end that is in the lifter right-hand member is connected with right regulation pole, threaded connection has adjusting bolt on left side regulation pole and the right regulation pole, adjusting bolt's bottom supports and leans on left dead lever or the right.

Further, the guide hole is arranged in the middle of two adjacent U-shaped sorting rods.

Further, the distance between the two U-shaped sorting rods is more than 90mm and less than 120 mm.

Furthermore, a main gas injection pipe is arranged in the cleaning box, the pipe orifice of the main gas injection pipe faces to the direction of the sorting box,

further, the lifting mechanism is one of an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder.

Furthermore, a small fruit blowing pipe, a medium fruit blowing pipe and a big fruit air spraying pipe are arranged in the transfer box, the pipe orifice of the small fruit blowing pipe faces the direction of the small fruit box, the pipe orifice of the medium fruit blowing pipe faces the direction of the medium fruit box, and the pipe orifice of the big fruit air spraying pipe faces the direction of the big fruit box.

Furthermore, the joints of the small fruit box, the middle fruit box and the big fruit box and the transfer box are respectively provided with a limiting mechanism.

Furthermore, the joints of the cleaning box, the transfer box and the classification box are respectively provided with a limiting mechanism.

Further, stop gear is including floating the gasbag post on the surface of water, gasbag post downside is connected with and shelters from the net, shelter from the net and fix on the bottom plate of transfer case or classification case through a plurality of springs.

Further, stop gear rotates in one of them pivot including installing two pivots on little fruit box both sides inner wall and is connected with driven traction wheel, rotates in another pivot and is connected with the action wheel, the action wheel is connected through the haulage rope with driven traction wheel, and the action wheel is connected with a driving motor, a fixedly connected with traction block on the haulage rope, two install the gasbag post between the traction block, gasbag post downside is connected with the briquetting through sheltering from the net.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the apple sorting machine has low cost, can realize the sorting of apples by combining the fine adjustment of the lifting rod with simple lifting, can not damage the apples when the apples fall into water for cleaning, removes pesticides and dust on the skins of the cleaned apples, and has better color.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention with the lifting mechanism and the adjusting bolt removed;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the fixed frame in engagement with the adjustable frame;

fig. 5 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the fixing frame;

FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an adjustment frame;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the present invention with the lifting mechanism and adjusting bolt removed;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a spacing mechanism;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a spacing mechanism;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a sorting mechanism;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a sorting mechanism;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a sorting mechanism;

in the figure: 11 cleaning boxes, 12 sorting boxes, 13 transfer boxes, 14 small fruit boxes, 15 middle fruit boxes, 16 large fruit boxes,

2 classification mechanism, 21 fixed frame, 211 left fixed rod, 212 right fixed rod, 213U-shaped classification rod, 214 guide hole,

22 adjusting frame, 221 left adjusting rod, 222 right adjusting rod, 223 guiding rod, 224 lifting rod,

23 adjusting bolts, 24 side connecting plates, 25 lifting mechanisms,

3 limit mechanism, 31 air bag column, 32 shielding net, 33 spring,

34 pressing blocks, 35 driven traction wheels, 36 rotating shafts, 37 traction ropes, 38 traction blocks,

the fruit of 41 small fruits, the fruit of 42 medium fruits,

51 general air injection pipe, 52 small fruit blowing pipe, 53 medium fruit blowing pipe and 54 big fruit air injection pipe.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1 to 12, an automatic apple sorting device comprises a cleaning box 11, a sorting box 12, a transfer box 13, a small fruit box 14, a medium fruit box 15 and a large fruit box 16, wherein the cleaning box is used as an apple placing box for cleaning and temporarily storing apples in the previous period. Wash case 11 intercommunication has classification case 12, install classification mechanism 2 on the classification case, the apple is by the continuous regulation through classification mechanism after air current along flowing water propelling movement to this department, realizes the multiple classification of apple, and at this in-process, because the water level is darker in the classification case, the apple falls in classification case damage problem also can not appear.

Referring to fig. 7, a main air jet pipe 51 is arranged in the cleaning box, and the nozzle of the main air jet pipe faces the direction of the sorting box and floats to the sorting box by the apple under the action of water flow.

The classification box is connected with a transfer box 13, and the transfer box is respectively connected with a small fruit box 14, a middle fruit box 15 and a big fruit box 16.

In at least one embodiment, the classification mechanism includes a fixed frame 21, fixed frame both sides are equipped with a plurality of side even boards 24 respectively, the side even board is connected with elevating system 25, elevating system can drive fixed frame and reciprocate to make fixed frame dip or propose the surface of water, be used for the automatic sorting of apple.

In certain embodiments, the lifting mechanism is one of a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric cylinder.

Detailed in the scheme, referring to fig. 5, the fixing frame 21 includes a left fixing rod 211 and a right fixing rod 212 which are arranged in parallel and connected together through a plurality of U-shaped classification rods 213 arranged in parallel, wherein a plurality of linear arrays of guide holes 214 are arranged on the left fixing rod and the right fixing rod.

The guiding hole is inserted with an adjusting frame 22, and the adjusting frame can move up and down along the guiding rod to adjust different gaps, so that apples of different sizes can be conveniently classified for use.

The scheme is detailed, referring to fig. 6, the adjusting frame comprises a plurality of lifting rods 224 arranged in parallel, guide rods 223 are installed at two ends of each lifting rod, the guide rods are inserted into the guide holes and can move up and down along the guide holes, the upper end of each guide rod at the left end of each lifting rod is connected with a left adjusting rod 221, and the upper end of each guide rod at the right end of each lifting rod is connected with a right adjusting rod 222.

And the left adjusting rod and the right adjusting rod are in threaded connection with an adjusting bolt 23, and the bottom of the adjusting bolt is abutted against a left fixing rod or a right fixing rod of the fixing frame.

Further, the guide hole is formed between two adjacent U-shaped classification rods 213.

Because the size of the apple is generally between 60mm and 90mm, the distance between the two U-shaped sorting rods is larger than 90mm and smaller than 120 mm.

In the working mode, when cleaned apples are blown to the sorting box by air flow, the vertical height of the lifting rod relative to the U-shaped sorting rods is adjusted, as shown in fig. 10, the lifting rod is adjusted to move downwards for a short distance relative to the U-shaped sorting rods, and even the small apples 41 cannot leak out from the gaps between the lifting rod and the U-shaped sorting rods; referring to fig. 11, the lifting rod is adjusted to move downwards continuously, small fruits can leak out of the gap between the small fruits and the water in the classification box, medium fruits cannot leak out at the moment, the lifting mechanism lifts the classification mechanism to be separated from the water surface, only the small fruits are located in the water in the classification box, all the small fruits are blown into the transfer box by air flow, and the next operation is carried out, so that the classification of the small fruits, the medium fruits and the large fruits is realized.

After no small fruit is in the sorting box, the lifting mechanism moves downwards to enable the sorting mechanism to be in water, the gap between the lifting rod and the U-shaped sorting rod is continuously adjusted, as shown in fig. 12, the medium fruit also leaks from the gap, and the large fruit is clamped in a three-point supporting frame formed by the two U-shaped sorting rods and the lifting rod. The classification of medium fruits and big fruits is realized. Similar to the small fruit operation, the medium fruit is blown into a transfer box for transfer treatment.

Referring to fig. 7, a small fruit blowing pipe 52, a medium fruit blowing pipe 53 and a big fruit air injection pipe 54 are arranged in the transit box, the pipe orifice of the small fruit blowing pipe 52 faces the direction of the small fruit box, the pipe orifice of the medium fruit blowing pipe 53 faces the direction of the medium fruit box, the pipe orifice of the big fruit air injection pipe 54 faces the direction of the big fruit box,

in at least one embodiment, the small fruit box 14, the middle fruit box 15 and the large fruit box 16 are respectively provided with a limiting mechanism 3 at the joint with the transfer box.

In some embodiments, a limit mechanism 3 is respectively arranged at the joint of the cleaning box 11, the transfer box 13 and the sorting box 12.

The scheme is detailed, referring to fig. 8, the limiting mechanism comprises an air bag column 31 floating on the water surface, a shielding net 32 is connected to the lower side of the air bag column, the shielding net is fixed on the bottom plate of the transfer box or the classification box through a plurality of springs 33,

another embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, is a small fruit box,

stop gear is including installing two pivots 36 on the 14 both sides inner walls of little fruit case, rotates in one of them pivot and is connected with driven traction wheel 35, rotates in another pivot and is connected with the action wheel, the action wheel is connected through the haulage rope with driven traction wheel, and the action wheel is connected with a driving motor, a fixedly connected with traction block on the haulage rope, rotation through driving motor can drive the traction block and remove, two along the direction of haulage rope install the gasbag post between the traction block, gasbag post downside is connected with briquetting 34 through sheltering from the net, and this kind of design can utilize the gasbag post to carry out the propelling movement of apple. When the air bag column rotates to the underwater, the apple can enter the small fruit box, the driving motor continues to rotate to drive the air bag column to move clockwise, so that the air bag column and the shielding net push the apple to be close to people, and the apple is convenient to pick up.

In addition to the technical features described in the specification, the technology is known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An automatic apple classifying device comprises a cleaning box, a classifying box, a transfer box, a small fruit box, a middle fruit box and a large fruit box, wherein the cleaning box is communicated with the classifying box, the classifying box is provided with a classifying mechanism, the classifying box is connected with the transfer box, the transfer box is respectively connected with the small fruit box, the middle fruit box and the large fruit box, the automatic apple classifying device is characterized in that the classifying mechanism comprises a fixed frame, two sides of the fixed frame are respectively provided with a plurality of side connecting plates, the side connecting plates are connected with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism drives the fixed frame to move up and down so that the fixed frame is immersed into or lifted out of water, the fixed frame comprises a left fixed rod and a right fixed rod which are arranged in parallel, the left fixed rod and the right fixed rod are connected together through a plurality of U-shaped classifying rods arranged in parallel, a plurality of linear arrays of guide holes are arranged on the left fixed rod and the, the utility model discloses a fixed frame, including the guide bar, adjust the frame and reciprocate along the guide bar, adjust the frame and include a plurality of parallel arrangement's lifter, the guide bar is all installed at the both ends of lifter, the guide bar is pegged graft and is reciprocated in the guide hole and along the guide hole, and the guide bar upper end that is in the lifter left end is connected with left regulation pole, and the guide bar upper end that is in the lifter right-hand member is connected with right regulation pole, threaded connection has adjusting bolt on left side regulation pole and the right regulation pole, adjusting bolt's bottom supports and leans on left dead lever or the right.

2. The automatic apple sorting device of claim 1, wherein the guide hole is located in the middle of two adjacent U-shaped sorting rods.

3. The automatic apple sorting device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance between the two U-shaped sorting bars is greater than 90mm and less than 120 mm.

4. The automatic apple sorting device of claim 1, wherein a main air nozzle is arranged in the cleaning box, and the nozzle of the main air nozzle faces the direction of the sorting box.

5. The automatic apple sorting device of claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism is one of a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or an electric cylinder.

6. The automatic apple sorting device according to claim 1, wherein a small fruit blowing pipe, a medium fruit blowing pipe and a big fruit air injection pipe are arranged in the transfer box, the pipe orifice of the small fruit blowing pipe faces the direction of the small fruit box, the pipe orifice of the medium fruit blowing pipe faces the direction of the medium fruit box, and the pipe orifice of the big fruit air injection pipe faces the direction of the big fruit box.

7. The automatic apple sorting device according to claim 1, wherein a limiting mechanism is provided at each of the joints of the small fruit box, the middle fruit box and the large fruit box with the transfer box.

8. The automatic apple sorting device of claim 1, wherein a limiting mechanism is disposed at each joint of the cleaning box, the transfer box and the sorting box.

9. The automatic apple classification device according to claim 7, wherein the limiting mechanism comprises two rotating shafts installed on the inner walls of two sides of the small fruit box, one of the rotating shafts is rotatably connected with a driven traction wheel, the other rotating shaft is rotatably connected with a driving wheel, the driving wheel is connected with the driven traction wheel through a traction rope, the driving wheel is connected with a driving motor, the traction rope is fixedly connected with a traction block, an air bag column is installed between the two traction blocks, and the lower side of the air bag column is connected with a pressing block through a shielding net.