CN111194711A - Abalone culture feeding system with multiple lifting mechanism feeding machines - Google Patents
Abalone culture feeding system with multiple lifting mechanism feeding machines Download PDFInfo
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- CN111194711A CN111194711A CN201811369653.1A CN201811369653A CN111194711A CN 111194711 A CN111194711 A CN 111194711A CN 201811369653 A CN201811369653 A CN 201811369653A CN 111194711 A CN111194711 A CN 111194711A
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 163
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 51
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
- A01K61/53—Baskets therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The application discloses an abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeding machines, which comprises a culture pond, a culture cabinet, a feeding machine and a crane; the wheel tread of a cart running device in the crane runs on a workshop track on the rail bearing beams in a pressing mode, and the two rail bearing beams are respectively connected to workshop upright post brackets on the two sides of the culture pond; the front side surface and the rear side surface of the cultivation cabinet are provided with a plurality of cultivation boxes, the cultivation boxes are provided with feed ports, the peripheries of the feed ports are provided with one-way spines, the cultivation cabinets are placed in cultivation ponds, and the feed ports face to a workshop walkway; the crane comprises a plurality of trolley devices; the trolley device lifts the cultivation cabinet to the surface of the cultivation pond; the plurality of feeding machines are respectively arranged on the workshop walkways at two sides of the culture pond and can be lifted and moved, and each feeding machine is provided with a weighing system, a lifting mechanism and a water flushing system; and the plurality of feeding machines use the high-pressure water generated by the water flushing system as power to lift the cultivation cabinet for quantitative feeding.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to artifical aquatic breed field especially relates to a feed system of fodder is put in to breed incasement in ration feedwater plant.
Background
The method is characterized in that water farms are built in many fish villages on the coastal region of China for artificial abalone culture, a plurality of farmers build net cage culture farms on the near sea directly, but the defects are that the net cage culture farms are not resistant to natural disasters due to attack of typhoons or influence of red tides on the sea, once the farmers encounter the positive attack of typhoons or red tides, the degree of damage is born, the farms are destroyed completely in severe cases, and the particles are not harvested; therefore, the intensive farmers build the farms on the shore, pump the seawater into the water storage reservoirs on the shore, filter the seawater and distribute the seawater into the culture ponds of each workshop, regularly add oxygen to supply the seawater into the culture ponds, realize the onshore underwater culture, avoid the influence of natural disasters such as typhoons or red tides and the like, realize the indoor large-scale industrialized production management and avoid the pain of seasickness caused by the offshore operation of workers, but the existing breeding mode is backward and completely depends on a large amount of manual operation for breeding; here, the outline of the existing onshore cultured abalone is described by taking the cultured abalone as an example and combining the attached drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, for the current on-shore abalone cultivation workshop in the corner of the three-dimensional schematic diagram, the workshop floor 991 is excavated and built with a long large cultivation pool 992, two large cultivation pools between leave a channel 993, supply personnel walk or material transportation use, big cultivation pool is divided into different sizes of small cultivation pool 994, convenient manual operation is raised, convenient workers take out cultivation boxes, two small cultivation pools between be equipped with a partition wall 995, each small cultivation pool is equipped with water inlet and drainage pipeline and oxygen supply pipeline, cultivation pool is filled with seawater, each cultivation pool is put a group of cultivation box group 996, all cultivation box groups sink at the bottom of the pool, arranged one by one, the topmost cultivation box is immersed under the water surface by about ten centimeters, abalone fry is raised in the cultivation box group.
As shown in fig. 2, a cultivation box group 996 is a cultivation box group used in an existing onshore aquatic farm, the cultivation box group is formed by overlapping and bundling a plurality of cultivation boxes 9961, each cultivation box group contains mature abalones and is about dozens of jin, the cultivation boxes are box-shaped, the upper surfaces of the cultivation boxes are open, the shape of each cultivation box group is long, the width of each cultivation box group is about 35-40 cm, the height of each cultivation box group is about 10-20 cm, holes are formed in the four walls and the bottom of each cultivation box group, the inside and the outside of each cultivation box group can be filled with water, the cultivation boxes are overlapped, the uppermost box opening is covered by a cover plate 9962, and then the plurality of cultivation boxes are connected in series by a rope 9963 to; be equipped with a window 9964 on every breed case 9961's a side, the window is equipped with the hinge and the keeper can be opened and lock, and this window is used for daily feed for the abalone and feeds and eat and observe the abalone condition of growing.
The existing feed for breeding abalones is algae, the kelp is used at present, the kelp is cut into thin pieces or into strips, the kelp pieces need to be soaked into wet, and the kelp pieces have stick-slip property; the existing quantitative feeding method is that a worker firstly uses a container to load the feed from a workshop special for storing the feed and pulls the feed to the side of a culture pond, then the cultivation box group is manually lifted from the water tank and placed at the side of the water tank, each window door is opened, kelp fragments are grabbed from the container by hands and still placed in the window doors, then the window door is locked, the feeding amount to each breeding box is approximately consistent each time, the feeding amount of each time is completely measured by hand feeling, because the soaked kelp fragments have strong stick-slip property and are easy to slide, the feed grabbed by hands is easy to slide away, therefore, errors in the hand feeling measurement of grabbing the feed every time are inevitable, the errors are irrelevant, but the growth of the abalones is influenced by too many errors, the abalones with less materials are not eaten long enough, the abalones with more materials are not eaten, the survival of the abalones is influenced by rotten feed, and the abalones die under severe conditions, so that the rotten feed is discovered to be required to be unpacked and cleaned; the abalone is thrown once a day or two days, and the process is carried out repeatedly according to the size and the quantity of the abalones; because a large number of long large culture ponds are built in a large-scale farm and hundreds or thousands of small culture ponds are provided, the whole farm is provided with thousands of culture boxes or thousands of bundles of culture box groups, workers can lift the culture box groups out of the culture ponds and place the culture box groups beside a water pool or on a partition wall of the water pool at each time, the bodies of the workers can be stood or squatted, a window door 9964 is opened, the workers can grab, throw, close, lock and place the door and place the containers down, all the workers can manually grab and feed the materials, the feeding process has large errors and slow speed, when serious problems are found in the tanks, a rope 9963 must be opened, the abalones in the tanks are cleared and then bound and placed into the culture ponds, the workers work every day, the work is heavy, the speed is slow, and the efficiency is low; for many years, a plurality of farmers have investigated large farms in coastal countries and regions at home and abroad, also consult or hire engineers and specialists, and hopefully help them solve the problem: how to rapidly open and close the window, how to rapidly and accurately measure the feed and rapidly feed the feed in the cultivation box, reduce feeding errors, reduce rotten materials in the cultivation box and lighten the labor intensity of workers, wherein a series of problems are coordinately solved or partially solved to improve the cultivation efficiency to a certain extent, and the problems are better solved, so that the automatic or semi-automatic cultivation production can be realized; however, the fundamental problem of automatic feeding and metering in the prior art researched in the field is not solved, the prior art feeds the feed completely by a manual feed grabbing mode, the feeding error is large and inevitable, the speed is low, and the possibility of generating rotten materials is high; therefore, the method researches and develops how to accurately, quickly, quantitatively and directionally feed the breeding box, reduces the labor intensity of breeding workers, improves the working efficiency, reduces the labor force, realizes automatic or semi-automatic breeding production, and is a topic with great market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a can be quantitative for the feed system of putting in fodder in the breed incasement in plant on water, lean on the machine ration to throw the material, the fodder measurement is accurate, to drawing breed the case and to breeding the case and opening the door and close the door and want convenient and fast, and the totality feed process will be convenient, quick, and production efficiency is high, intensity of labour is little, reduce labour cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the method is realized by the following technical scheme:
an abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeding machines comprises a culture pond, a culture cabinet and a crane; the wheel tread of a cart running device in the crane runs on a workshop track on rail bearing beams in a pressing mode, and the two rail bearing beams are respectively connected to workshop upright corbels on two sides of the culture pond; the front side surface and the rear side surface of the cultivation cabinet are provided with a plurality of cultivation boxes, the cultivation boxes are provided with feed ports, the peripheries of the feed ports are provided with one-way spines, the cultivation cabinets are placed in the cultivation ponds, and the feed ports face to a workshop walkway; the method is characterized in that: the feeding system also comprises a feeder; the crane comprises a plurality of trolley devices; the trolley device lifts the cultivation cabinet to the surface of the cultivation pond; the plurality of feeding machines are respectively arranged on the workshop walkways at two sides of the culture pond and can be lifted and moved, and each feeding machine is provided with a weighing system, a lifting mechanism and a water flushing system; the plurality of feeding machines use high-pressure water generated by the water flushing system as power to lift up the cultivation cabinet for quantitative feeding; the water-flushing system in the feeder provides high-pressure water to the feeder to serve as feeding and flushing power, the material spraying pipe in the feeder is provided with a metering nozzle capable of quantitatively providing feed, the operating system is started, and the feeder can rapidly and quantitatively flush the feed out to feed the culture cabinet.
The wheel tread of a cart running device in the crane runs on a workshop track on rail bearing beams in a pressing mode, and the two rail bearing beams are respectively connected to workshop upright post brackets on two sides of the culture pond; the workshop track is made of steel rails, I-shaped steel, channel steel, round steel, steel pipes or square steel, the wheels are double-wheel rims or single-wheel rims or non-wheel rims, and wheel treads are pressed on the rail surfaces of the workshop track.
The crane comprises a bridge, a cart running device and a plurality of trolley devices, wherein the bridge comprises a main beam and end beams, and the end beams are connected to two ends of the main beam; a trolley track is arranged below the main beam, the trolley device is hung on the trolley track to run, a hoisting device is arranged on the trolley device, and a steel rope on the hoisting device is connected with a lifting hook; the wheels of the two cart running devices are respectively connected with two ends of the end beam, and the wheel treads of the cart running devices are pressed on the rail surface of the workshop track to drive the crane to run.
Wherein, girder below is equipped with the dolly track, the dolly device hangs operation on the dolly track, concrete structure is: the trolley track is a component welded by I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel or steel plates, and the wheel tread of the trolley device is hung on the lower flange of the component welded by the I-shaped steel, the H-shaped steel or the steel plates.
Wherein, the cart running device adopts one of the following methods:
the cart running device comprises an active wheel, a passive wheel and a three-in-one speed reducer, wherein the three-in-one speed reducer is formed by combining the speed reducer, a motor and a brake into a whole, the three-in-one speed reducer is connected with the active wheel, and the active wheel and the passive wheel are both provided with double rims or single rims;
the cart running gear includes initiative wheel, "trinity" speed reducer indicates that speed reducer, motor, stopper three close as an organic whole, "trinity" speed reducer is connected with initiative wheel, initiative wheel band biside or single wheel are along.
The cultivation cabinet comprises a cabinet frame and a cultivation box, wherein a plurality of frame chambers which are arranged horizontally and vertically are arranged on the front side surface and the rear side surface of the cabinet frame, a lock catch is arranged on the edge above the frame opening of each frame chamber, the adjacent frame chambers on the cabinet frame are communicated with each other, a sealing plate is arranged on the upper surface of the cabinet frame for sealing, at least one lifting lug is arranged above the cabinet frame, and guide blocks are arranged below the left side surface and the right side surface of the cabinet frame; the cultivation box is inserted into the frame chamber and can be drawn in and out, and the cultivation box can be locked by the lock catch; the cultivation box is characterized in that the cultivation box is a drawer-type box body with an upper opening, through holes are formed in each side face of the cultivation box, a feeding port is formed in the front side face of the cultivation box, conical one-way spines are arranged on the periphery of the feeding port, and the conical tips of the one-way spines face the inside of the cultivation box.
Wherein, many the feeding machine sets up respectively can go up and down and walk on the workshop pavement on breed pond both sides, and the concrete scheme is: two parallel feeder rails are arranged on the workshop walkways at two sides of the culture pond; the bottom of the feeder is provided with a moving wheel with a wheel rim; the moving wheel is placed on a feeding machine rail and is pushed and pulled by manpower or driven by a motor to operate; the feeding machine track is made of steel rails or I-shaped steel or channel steel or round steel or steel pipes or square steel, the rims of the moving wheels are double rims or single rims or the two rims and the other rim are not arranged on one track, and the treads of the moving wheels are pressed on the rail surfaces of the feeding machine track.
The feeding machine comprises a frame, a bin, a hopper, a material spraying pipe, a vibrator, a transverse adjusting device of the material spraying pipe, a material leakage receiving device, a lifting mechanism, a high-pressure gas distribution system, a weighing system, a water flushing system and a control system, wherein the frame comprises a frame consisting of a plurality of upright posts and a plurality of cross rods, the lower parts of the upright posts of the frame are fixedly connected to an upper platform of the lifting mechanism, and a lower bottom plate of the lifting mechanism is provided with a moving wheel; the telescopic motion of a telescopic cylinder in the lifting mechanism controls the lifting motion of the rack; the material bin is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the rack, one or more hoppers are connected to the lower portion of the material bin in the vertical direction, vibrators are arranged on the outer wall of each hopper or on a plurality of hopper connecting bodies, a section of the bottom of each hopper is bent into a discharge pipe slightly in the horizontal direction, the discharge pipes are arranged in one or more rows from bottom to top and are all consistent in orientation, the outlet direction is horizontal and slightly inclined downward, and the spraying pipes are connected to the discharge pipes; and one or more hoppers are provided with a strip-shaped transparent window along the vertical direction.
The lifting mechanism comprises an upper platform, a lower base plate, one or more groups of cross connecting rods and a telescopic cylinder, wherein two connecting rods in the cross connecting rods can rotate around a middle shaft, the connecting rod ends of two adjacent groups of cross connecting rods are connected through a pin shaft to form a plurality of groups of combined cross connecting rods, two ends of one or more groups of cross connecting rods are provided with hinged supports and are respectively fixed on the upper platform and the lower base plate, and two ends of one or more groups of cross connecting rods are also provided with pulleys and are respectively connected with C-shaped tracks on the upper platform and the lower base plate to roll; one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the cross connecting rod, the other end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper platform or the lower bottom plate, and the telescopic cylinder is driven by high-pressure gas or driven by hydraulic pressure to stretch and retract; the telescopic motion of the telescopic cylinder controls the lifting motion of the lifting mechanism.
Wherein, the concrete structure of the material spraying pipe adopts one of the following schemes:
the spraying pipe comprises a material receiving pipe, a metering nozzle, an adjustable metering nozzle, a material sealing door, a weighing sensor, a butterfly valve and a cylinder, one end of the material receiving pipe is connected with the material discharging pipe in a sleeved mode, the material discharging pipe is inserted into one end of the material receiving pipe and is movably connected in a clearance mode, the other end, namely the front end, of the material receiving pipe is connected with a section of cylindrical metering nozzle in a sleeved mode, the front end of the material receiving pipe is inserted into one end of the metering nozzle and is connected in a clearance mode, a flushing pipe is arranged at the position, which is later than the joint of the front end of the material receiving pipe and the metering nozzle, of the material receiving pipe, the flushing; the metering nozzle is connected with one end of a weighing sensor through a bolt, the other end of the weighing sensor is connected and fixed on a sensor support, and the sensor support is fixed on the material receiving pipe; a butterfly valve is arranged on the material receiving pipe and behind the joint of the flushing pipe, the butterfly valve is connected in the material receiving pipe and is connected with a connecting rod outside the material receiving pipe through a rotating shaft, the connecting rod is connected with one end of a cylinder, and the other end of the cylinder is fixedly connected on the material receiving pipe; the outer wall of the other end of the metering nozzle is connected with the adjustable metering nozzle, the adjustable metering nozzle is a section of sleeve and is sleeved on the metering nozzle for matching use, so that the effective capacity of the metering nozzle is adjustable, the adjustable metering nozzle is connected with a long hole rail through a screw, the long hole rail is fixed on the metering nozzle, a sealing door is arranged at an outlet of the adjustable metering nozzle and can rotate around a hinged support through a rotating shaft, the hinged support is fixed below the outlet of the adjustable metering nozzle, a spring leaf is arranged beside the hinged support, and the sealing door is in a normally closed state under the action of the spring leaf in the sealing door when not flushing water;
the material spraying pipe comprises a material receiving pipe, a metering nozzle, a material sealing door, a weighing sensor, a butterfly valve and a cylinder, one end of the material receiving pipe is connected with the material discharging pipe in a sleeved mode, the material discharging pipe is inserted into one end of the material receiving pipe and is movably connected in a clearance mode, the other end, namely the front end, of the material receiving pipe is connected with a cylindrical metering nozzle in a sleeved mode, the front end of the material receiving pipe is inserted into one end of the metering nozzle and is in clearance connection, a flushing pipe is arranged at the position, which is later than the joint of the front end of the material receiving pipe and the metering nozzle, of the material receiving pipe, the flushing pipe is provided with; the metering nozzle is connected with one end of a weighing sensor through a bolt, the other end of the weighing sensor is connected and fixed on a sensor support, and the sensor support is fixed on the material receiving pipe; a butterfly valve is arranged on the material receiving pipe and behind the joint of the flushing pipe, the butterfly valve is connected in the material receiving pipe and is connected with a connecting rod outside the material receiving pipe through a rotating shaft, the connecting rod is connected with one end of a cylinder, and the other end of the cylinder is fixedly connected on the material receiving pipe; the sealing door is arranged at the outlet of the other end of the metering nozzle and can rotate around the hinged support through a rotating shaft, the hinged support is fixed below the outlet of the metering nozzle, the spring leaf is arranged beside the hinged support, and the sealing door is in a normally closed door closing state under the action of the spring leaf in the sealing door when not being flushed.
The weighing system comprises a weighing sensor, a weighing instrument, an electromagnetic directional valve and a cylinder, wherein the weighing sensor is connected to the material spraying pipe, and a signal cable of the weighing sensor is connected with the weighing instrument; the weighing instrument is arranged in the electric cabinet, integrates weighing control, programmable control and relay output, and has the function of multi-channel signal input and multi-channel control output; the weighing instrument is provided with a corresponding weighing sensor output switch, and a power line on the weighing instrument is connected with a power supply on the electric cabinet; the output switch is connected with the electromagnetic reversing valve and the control circuit, and the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected in the pneumatic control box; the electromagnetic directional valve is an electrically controlled gas directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with a high-pressure gas pipeline and a cylinder, and the cylinder is connected to the material spraying pipe to control a butterfly valve on the material spraying pipe to work.
The water flushing system comprises an electric cabinet, an air pressure tank, a water pump, a high-pressure soft water pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a flushing pipe, wherein a water receiving port of the air pressure tank is connected with a water outlet of the water pump through a gate valve and a check valve to form a water supply pipeline, and a water suction pipe of the water pump is a soft water pipe one end of which is hung in the culture pond; a safety valve and the high-pressure soft water pipe are connected between the gate valve and the check valve, one or more electromagnetic valves are connected to the high-pressure soft water pipe in parallel, each electromagnetic valve is connected with one flushing pipe, and the flushing pipe is arranged on the material spraying pipe; the air pressure tank is provided with an inflation valve and a pressure gauge, the pressure gauge has the functions of adjusting pressure and a pressure switch, the pressure switch in the pressure gauge is connected with a control circuit to the electric cabinet, and a power line on the electric cabinet is connected to the water pump.
The operation system comprises an electric cabinet, a control box, a flashlight door and a remote controller, wherein the electric cabinet is arranged on the feeding machine, a switch button is arranged on the electric cabinet, the control box is arranged on the crane, the flashlight door is hung from the control box, and the specific control method adopts one of the following modes:
the operation of a material spraying pipe on the feeding machine, the operation of a transverse adjusting device of the material spraying pipe, the operation of a material leakage receiving device, the operation of an air compressor, the operation of a vibrator, the operation of a water pump or the operation of the feeding machine can be controlled by starting a switch button on the electric cabinet, and the operation of a crane cart operation device, the operation of a trolley operation mechanism and the operation of a hoisting device can be controlled by starting a hand-operated door or a remote controller;
the remote controller is started to control the operation of a crane cart running device or a trolley running mechanism or the operation of a hoisting device or the operation of a material spraying pipe on a feeder or the operation of a material spraying pipe transverse adjusting device or the operation of a material leakage receiving device or the operation of an air compressor or a vibrator or the operation of a water pump or the operation of a feeder.
Wherein, be connected with the solenoid valve on the feeding machine spouts the material pipe, the solenoid valve is normally closed pipeline valve, and the pipeline is opened to the solenoid valve after the circular telegram, closes the pipeline again after the outage, the one end of solenoid valve is connected spout on the wash pipe on the material pipe, high-pressure soft water pipe is connected to the other end of solenoid valve, high-pressure soft water pipe is connected to the atmospheric pressure jar.
The control system on the feeding machine comprises an electric control box, a pneumatic control box and a circuit pipeline, wherein the electric control box and the pneumatic control box are connected to a frame, a high-pressure gas distribution valve and an electromagnetic reversing valve are arranged in the pneumatic control box and distributed to work for related cylinders, and a main gas inlet pipeline of the pneumatic control box is provided with a movable joint for being connected with a hose; the electric cabinet is internally provided with a relevant relay, an indicator light, a switch button and a weighing instrument, and is connected with the pneumatic control box, the weighing sensor and the water pump through a circuit pipeline, and a setting panel on the weighing instrument can be connected and exposed on the panel of the electric cabinet.
The beneficial effect of this application lies in: (1) the technical scheme of the application is that the cultivation cabinet is extracted by the crane, an operator operates the crane and the feeder on the ground, and the quantitative feeding is accurately and stably carried out on the cultivation cabinet by the feeder, so that the cultivation cabinet is suitable for workshops of strip-shaped cultivation ponds with walkways beside the cultivation ponds; the crane is arranged above the culture pond, the two side rail-bearing beams for the crane are arranged on the brackets of the workshop building upright posts, the crane is suitable for modern standard buildings, the crane can lift large heavy objects and is suitable for lifting large culture cabinets, and the crane is electrically far away from the ground to protect the electricity; the cultivation cabinet at any position in the cultivation pond below the crane can be lifted to feed water through the cart operation and the trolley operation, the cultivation cabinet is lifted and lowered by the crane, the labor intensity is reduced, when the crane is provided with a plurality of trolley devices, one cultivation cabinet can be lifted by a lifting hook of each trolley device, a plurality of feeders can distribute the left side and the right side of the cultivation cabinet to simultaneously perform a plurality of groups of feeding work, or some trolley devices can lift the cultivation cabinet to perform box separation work or rotten material cleaning work, two feeders are used for lifting other trolley devices to simultaneously feed two side surfaces of the cultivation cabinet, and then the cultivation cabinet which is subjected to box separation or sanitary cleaning is fed, so that the plurality of groups of work are performed simultaneously, the speed is high, and the efficiency is high; (2) the power for throwing the feed in the metering nozzle of the feeder adopts high-pressure water for flushing the feed, the high-pressure water is provided by an air pressure tank in a water flushing system, and the supplementing water of the air pressure tank comes from the water in the culture pond and can be automatically supplemented; the water source in the culture pond is sufficient for the growth of the abalones, so that the feed is not polluted in the process of flushing, and the water is recycled; (3) after high-pressure water is adopted for material flushing, the feeding machine consumes less high-pressure gas; the control cylinders of the transverse adjusting device of the material spraying pipe of the feeding machine, the automatic material leakage receiving device, the weighing system and the like are very small, the consumed high-pressure gas amount is small, and thus the feeding machine can be used only by being provided with a small air compressor; (4) the cultivation box on the cultivation cabinet is drawer type, the periphery of a feeding port on the cultivation box is provided with a one-way thorn, so that the abalone can be fed into the box, but the abalone can not come out and can enter and exit by stretching the hand, the cultivation box is fixed by a lock catch, the opening or closing is very convenient, and a plurality of functions of quickly opening, closing, separating boxes, cleaning rotten materials and the like are realized; (5) the material spraying pipe of the feeder can be provided with a single pipe, a single-row multi-pipe and a plurality of rows of multi-pipes for rapid feeding; the left side and the right side of the feeding machine can be provided with material spraying pipes for respectively feeding the culture cabinets on the culture ponds on the two sides of the workshop walkway, so that the feeding machine does not need to be turned around for feeding; the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the material spraying pipe, so that whether the material spraying pipe is completely opened or partially opened can be selected, the selection is flexible and convenient, and the feeder feeds the culture cabinet in all directions; (6) each hopper on the feeding machine is connected with one spraying pipe, so that the feed of all the spraying pipes is directly discharged from the bottom of the storage bin in the vertical direction, the uniform material receiving of all the spraying pipes is ensured, and the phenomenon of uneven material receiving of part of the spraying pipes is avoided; the feeding machine is provided with a vibrator which can control the feeding speed of the material spraying pipe; (7) the feeder is provided with a weighing system, the fodder in the metering nozzle can be accurately weighed through the weighing system, when the fodder entering the metering nozzle reaches a set value, the weighing system can automatically close a butterfly valve, an indicator lamp on an electric cabinet is turned on to wait for material spraying and feeding, the material spraying pipes meeting the material spraying conditions can spray the fodder firstly, and the material spraying pipes which do not reach the weight value continue to vibrate for material collection, so that the material spraying pipes are accurate in external feeding amount every time, and a large error is avoided; when the weighing function is invalid, the material spraying pipe can be fed by a volume metering method because the material spraying pipe is provided with the metering nozzle or the adjustable metering nozzle, and the consistent metering of each feeding amount can be ensured to be more accurate, and the amount can be adjusted; high-pressure gas can be blown out instantly by switching on the electromagnetic valve, so that the feeding function of rapidness and accurate metering is realized; (8) the transparent window is arranged on the hopper, so that the residual amount of the feed in the hopper can be conveniently observed so as to add the feed in time; (9) the feeding machine adopts a cross connecting rod type lifting mechanism to control the lifting work of the frame and the material spraying pipe thereof, the lifting movement of the feeding machine does not need the operator to exert force to assist the lifting, but is controlled by the telescopic movement of the telescopic cylinder, the telescopic cylinder is completely controlled by gas or hydraulic pressure, and the operator can control the lifting movement only by operating a control switch; the feeding device has the advantages that the feeding device is determined by functions generated by technical characteristics, is the invention of the application, has practicability, novelty and creativity, is practical and feasible, is easy to manufacture and becomes practical, is a complete and effective new technical scheme for solving the problem of the existing overwater breeding lagging feeding technology, and can achieve the advantages of convenience, rapidness, high production efficiency, low labor intensity and labor cost reduction in the overall effect of the feeding process after the application technology is adopted.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an inner corner of a conventional onshore abalone culture workshop;
FIG. 2 is a prior art set of tanks for culturing abalone;
fig. 3 is a front view of an abalone culture feeding system with multiple lifting mechanism feeders according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cart assembly according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a lift limiting device according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a cultivation cabinet according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a feeder structure according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a side view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a lifting mechanism of a feeder according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a weighing system in a feeder according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a high pressure gas distribution system in a first embodiment of a feeder apparatus according to the present application;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a water material flushing system of a feeder according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic perspective view of a limiting guide post structure in the first embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application are further specifically described below by way of examples, and with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the described examples are only some examples of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the abalone culture feeding system with multiple lifting mechanism feeders according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a culture pond 97, a culture cabinet 6, a feeder 8, and a crane 1, wherein the culture ponds 97 are arranged below the ground of a workshop, the culture ponds are arranged in parallel, a workshop walkway 976 is arranged between every two culture ponds, and a feeder rail 977 is arranged on the workshop walkway; a pair of pairs of limiting guide posts 971 are arranged in the culture pond, the limiting guide posts are vertically erected on the culture pond, one end of each limiting guide post is fixed on the bottom surface of the culture pond, a limiting groove rail is arranged on each limiting guide post in the vertical direction, a horn mouth is arranged above each limiting groove rail, water is filled in the culture pond, one or more culture cabinets 6 are placed in the culture pond, guide blocks on two sides of each culture cabinet are sleeved in the limiting groove rails in the limiting guide posts, when the culture cabinets are lifted or lowered, the guide blocks in the culture cabinets can move up and down along the limiting groove rails, the horn mouths are arranged above the limiting groove rails, and the culture cabinets can be conveniently aligned in place and lowered; during feeding, after the cultivation cabinet is lifted out of the water surface, the guide block in the cultivation cabinet is stopped without being separated from the limiting guide post and can be controlled by the lifting limiting device 237 on the crane, so that the cultivation cabinet is suspended in the air and is stable and does not swing, and feeding is facilitated; certainly, the culture pond can be provided without a limiting guide post, and when the culture cabinet is lifted, the culture cabinet can be stably or basically stably fed after waiting for time; a plurality of drawer type cultivation boxes 62 are inserted in the cultivation cabinet 6 in a horizontal row and a vertical row, abalones are cultivated in the cultivation boxes, and feeding ports 621 are arranged on the cultivation boxes; the gate 631 capable of sliding up and down is arranged at the edge of the breeding cabinet, when the breeding cabinet is lifted, the gate 631 can slide down and hang below the breeding cabinet due to the self-weight effect of the gate 631, the feeding port 621 on the breeding box is exposed, feeding is facilitated, when the breeding cabinet is lowered, the lower edge of the gate 631 is blocked by the bottom of the pool, after the breeding cabinet is lowered to the bottom, the gate can seal the feeding ports 621 of all the breeding boxes, abalones cannot fall out when being sealed in the breeding boxes, and certainly, if the feeding ports of the breeding boxes are provided with one-way spines, the gate can be omitted; the left side or the right side or both the left side and the right side of the cultivation cabinet can be provided with cultivation boxes (the left-right direction refers to the direction of the attached drawing 3 viewed from the outside to the top); the feed is filled in a bin of the feeding machine 8, the feeding machine is placed on a workshop walkway 976 to movably operate, or the feeding machine is placed on a workshop feeding machine track 977 to operate, the moving operation of the feeding machine can be manual push-pull operation, can also be motor-driven automatic running, and can adopt trackless operation or rail operation; the direction of a material spraying pipe 83 of the feeding machine is aligned with the direction of an operation port or a feeding port of the cultivation cabinet, the feeding machine has a lifting function, the material spraying pipe 83 can adjust cultivation boxes at different height positions up and down, and the material spraying action of the feeding machine needs a power supply and high-pressure water as power; high-pressure water of the feeding machine is provided by a water flushing system, and part of components such as an air pressure tank, a water pump and the like in the water flushing system are arranged on the feeding machine and can also be arranged in a workshop and connected with the feeding machine through a high-pressure soft water pipe; the air compressor can be carried by the feeder, and can also be arranged on a workshop and is connected with the feeder through a high-pressure soft air pipe; the air compressor generates high-pressure air to be supplied to various control cylinders on the feeder for working and use; high-pressure water is adopted as the power for feeding materials and feeding materials to the outside by the feeding machine, the materials are flushed and fed by the high-pressure water, one end of an upper water suction pipe 4721 of the feeding machine is hung in the culture pond, and water is absorbed and supplemented from the culture pond; the power supply used by the feeding machine is dragged on the feeding machine by an external power supply through a cable, and a generator set can be arranged on the feeding machine for self power supply; an operator needs to connect and disconnect the lifting hook 10 of the crane and the lifting lug on the cultivation cabinet 6 at the side of the cultivation pond, so that the abalone in the lifted cultivation cabinet can be separated into boxes, or the inside of the cultivation box can be cleaned, and the cleaned rotten materials or the separated abalones are placed on a spare box; starting a control system 89 on the feeder, a quantitative feed can be instantly ejected from a material spraying pipe 83 of the feeder, and the breeding box is fed with materials quickly and accurately; a manual switch 1020 (a wired switch panel) is connected with the control box 200 of the crane and hung above the culture pond, and the crane cart running device 13, the trolley running mechanism and the hoisting device can be controlled to work by using a remote controller or the manual switch 1020;
the air compressor comprises a rack, a compressor, a motor, an air storage tank and a pipeline control system, wherein high-pressure gas generated by the compressor under the drive of the motor is stored in the air storage tank, and the compressor, the motor and the air storage tank are all arranged on the rack and combined into a whole and are connected together by the pipeline control system; when the gas in the gas storage tank is used externally and the pressure of the gas in the tank is reduced to a set value, a control system of the air compressor automatically starts the motor, the compressor replenishes the gas for the gas storage tank, and the compressor automatically closes the gas storage tank until the set high pressure value is reached; the air compressor can be a standard mobile air compressor on the market; the air compressor can be arranged on the feeding machine or a workshop and is connected with a movable joint 801 on the feeding machine through a high-pressure soft air pipe;
the crane 1 comprises main beams 11, end beams 12, one or more trolley devices 2 and a cart running device 13, wherein two end beams 12 are respectively connected to two ends of one main beam 11 to form a bridge, a trolley track 111 is arranged below the main beam, and the trolley devices 2 are either fixed below the main beam or connected to the trolley track 111 in a hanging manner and can run back and forth along the trolley track; the cart running devices 13 are arranged on the two end beams and can drive the bridge frame to run, wheel treads in the cart running devices are pressed on the rail surface of a workshop rail 161 above the rail bearing beam 16 to run, and the rail bearing beam 16 is connected to upright column brackets 162 on two sides of a workshop where the culture pond 97 is located or on two spans in the middle of the workshop; certainly, the bridge frame can be fixed above the workshop culture pond without arranging a cart running device, and the main beam 11 can be fixed above the workshop culture pond only by running the cart device; certainly, the trolley device is not provided with a trolley running mechanism, the trolley device is fixed below the main beam, and the crane span structure is driven to run by the cart running device; the connection position mode of the cart running device of the crane can be determined by adopting different modes according to different structures and strengths of workshop workshops of a farm or according to the shape, the size and the different layouts of a workshop culture pond; the trolley device 2 is provided with a control box 200, and a cart running device 13 of the crane, a trolley running mechanism and a hoisting device in the trolley device can be controlled by a remote controller or a manual electric door 1020 hung from the control box of the crane;
the limit switch in the lifting limiting device 237 is arranged on a control box of the trolley device 2, the heavy hammer is hung above the breeding cabinet, the lifting limiting device is used for controlling the breeding cabinet to stop when being lifted to the most appropriate height position, when the breeding cabinet is lifted to touch the heavy hammer, a pull rope on the lifting limiting device is loosened, a swing handle in the limit switch resets under the action of elastic force, the power supply of the lifting device is automatically cut off to stop lifting, and an adjusting plate in the lifting limiting device is provided with a plurality of hanging holes to conveniently adjust the appropriate height of the heavy hammer.
As shown in fig. 5, the trolley device 2 includes a trolley running mechanism 3 and a hoisting device 23, the hoisting device 23 is a double-hook hoisting device, and includes a drum a231, a steel cable a232, a rope pressing plate a234, a hook a235, a drum outer frame a236, a hoisting driving device 237, a drum B241, a steel cable B242, a rope pressing plate B244, a hook B245 and a drum outer frame B246, both ends of the drum a are provided with rope blocking plates, both ends of a mandrel a2311 of the drum a are connected to the drum outer frame a through bearings, one end of the mandrel a of the drum a is connected to an output shaft of the hoisting driving device 237, the hoisting driving device includes a motor, a speed reducer and a brake, and is a three-in-one hoisting driving device formed by combining a motor, a speed reducer and a brake, the hoisting driving device base of the drum a is connected to the drum outer frame a236, one end of the steel cable a is fixedly connected to the drum a through the rope pressing plate a234, the steel, the other end of the steel rope A is connected with the lifting hook A235; two ends of the winding drum B are provided with rope blocking plates, two ends of a mandrel B2411 of the winding drum B are connected to the winding drum outer frame B through bearings, one end of a steel rope B is fixedly connected to the winding drum B through the rope pressing plate B244, the steel rope B extends out after being wound on the winding drum B, and the other end of the steel rope B is connected with the lifting hook B245; the steel rope A and the steel rope B are respectively wound on the winding drum A and the winding drum B in the same direction, and when the winding drum rotates, the steel rope A and the steel rope B synchronously take up the rope or simultaneously release the rope; the length of the rope ends of the steel rope A and the steel rope B is adjusted, the lifting hook A and the lifting hook B can be adjusted to the same height, a double-lifting-hook lifting device is formed, the double lifting hook is more stable than a single lifting hook lifting cultivation cabinet, and the lifting hook A and the lifting hook B are two lifting hooks which are the same in structure and can be different in structure (namely the mark 10 shown in the attached figure 3); one end of a mandrel A of the winding drum A is connected with one end of a mandrel B of the winding drum B through a connecting shaft 25, and a winding drum outer frame A and a winding drum outer frame B are connected through a connecting rod 26 and a connecting pin 261; the trolley running mechanism 3 comprises a driven trolley wheel set 31, a driving wheel set 32 and a trolley driving device 33, wherein the trolley driving device comprises a motor, a speed reducer and a brake and is a trolley driving device formed by three-in-one combination, the trolley driving device is connected to the driving trolley wheel set, the driving trolley wheel set 32 is connected to the upper portion of the winding drum outer frame A through a pin shaft A238, and the driven trolley wheel set is connected to the upper portion of the winding drum outer frame B through a pin shaft B248; the wheel treads of the driven wheel set 31 and the driving wheel set 32 are connected with the trolley track 111 of the main beam in a suspension manner.
As shown in fig. 6, the lifting limiting device 237 includes a limit switch 2371, a pull rope 2372, an adjusting plate 2373, a hook 2374 and a weight 2375, the limit switch 2371 has a swing handle for elastic return, the pull rope 2372 is connected to the swing handle of the limit switch, the lower end of the pull rope is connected to the adjusting plate 2373, a plurality of adjusting hanging holes are vertically arranged on the adjusting plate, the hook 2374 is connected to the weight 2375, and the hook is connected to and hooked on the adjusting plate 2373.
As shown in fig. 7, the cultivation cabinet 6 includes a cabinet frame 61, a cultivation box 62, and a gate device 63, wherein a front side (as viewed from the direction shown in fig. 7) of the cabinet frame 61 is provided with a plurality of horizontally arranged and vertically arranged frame chambers 611, a rotary lock 612 is provided on a side above a frame opening of each frame chamber, and a rear side of the cabinet frame may also be provided with horizontally arranged and vertically arranged frame chambers 613 of the same specification; the adjacent frame chambers on the cabinet frame are communicated, the upper surface of the cabinet frame is sealed by a sealing plate 614, two lifting lugs 615 are arranged above the cabinet frame, guide blocks 616 are arranged below the left side surface and the right side surface of the cabinet frame, and a hanging column 617 is arranged on the top surface of the cabinet frame (after the hanging column is bound and connected with a hanging handle on the gate by a rope, the gate cannot slide down and can be integrally hung when the cultivation cabinet is needed); the cultivation box 62 is inserted into the frame chamber 611 and can be drawn in and out, and the cultivation box can be locked by the lock catch 612; the shape of the breeding box 62 is a drawer-type box body with an upper opening, through holes are formed in each side surface of the breeding box, the through holes are round, rhombic or square, long-strip-shaped, arc-shaped, star-shaped or irregular, a feeding port 621 is formed in the front side surface of the breeding box, conical one-way spines 622 can be arranged on the periphery of the feeding port, the conical tips of the one-way spines face the interior of the box (the feeding can be carried out to the opening in the box in one direction, and the abalones can be prevented from reversely running out of the box); the gate device 63 comprises a gate 631, a rail 632 and a U-shaped cross bar 633, the gate is a plate or a hollowed plate, the feeding port 621 can be covered by the hollowed remaining part of the gate, a hanging handle 6312 is arranged at the upper part of the gate, a sliding shaft 6311 at the upper end of the gate is slidably connected with the rail 632, the two rails are vertically connected to two sides of the front side of the cabinet frame 61, the U-shaped cross bar is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the front side of the cabinet frame 61, and the gate is inserted in a gap between the U-shaped cross bar and the cabinet frame to slide up and down; and the two sets of gate devices 63 are respectively connected in front of the front side and the rear side of the cabinet frame.
As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the feeder 8 includes a frame 81, a bin 82, a hopper 821, a material spraying pipe 83, a vibrator 822, a weighing system 80, a material spraying pipe lateral adjusting device 87, a material leakage receiving device 88, a lifting mechanism 41, a high-pressure gas distribution system 08, a water flushing system 47 and a control system 89, the frame 81 includes a frame formed by four upright posts 811 and a plurality of cross bars, the lower portion of the upright posts of the frame is connected and fixed on an upper platform 411 of the lifting mechanism 41, a lower bottom plate 412 of the lifting mechanism is provided with a plurality of moving wheels 814, which may be casters or rail wheels, and the rail wheels may be pushed and pulled to run on the feeder rails or driven by a motor; the telescopic motion of the telescopic cylinder 414 in the lifting mechanism controls the lifting motion of the frame 81; the storage bin 82 is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the rack, one or more hoppers 821 are connected to the lower portion of the storage bin in the vertical direction, vibrators 822 are arranged on the outer wall of each hopper or on a plurality of hopper connecting bodies, a section of the bottom of each hopper is bent into a discharge pipe 8211 with a slight horizontal direction, the discharge pipes are arranged in a row or a plurality of rows from bottom to top and are all consistent in orientation, the outlet direction is horizontal, the inclination is slight downward, and the spray pipes are connected to the discharge pipes; a strip-shaped transparent window 8214 is arranged on one hopper or a plurality of hoppers along the vertical direction and is used for observing the residual amount of the feed in the hopper so as to add the feed in time;
the material spraying pipe 83 comprises a material receiving pipe 84, a metering nozzle 841, an adjustable metering nozzle 85, a material sealing door 86, a weighing sensor 844, a butterfly valve 847 and a cylinder 848, one end of the material receiving pipe 84 is connected with the material discharging pipe 8211 in a sleeved mode, one end of the material discharging pipe inserted into the material receiving pipe is movably connected in a gap mode, the other end, namely the front end of the material receiving pipe 84 is connected with a section of cylindrical metering nozzle 841 in a sleeved mode (the cylindrical volume capacity can be used as metering), the front end of the material receiving pipe is inserted into one end of the metering nozzle in a gap mode, a flushing pipe 842 is arranged at the position, later than the connection position of the front end of the material receiving pipe and the metering nozzle, the flushing pipe is connected and fixed with the material receiving; the metering nozzle is connected with one end of a weighing sensor 844 through a bolt, the other end of the weighing sensor is connected and fixed on a sensor support 845, and the sensor support is fixed on the material receiving pipe 84; a butterfly valve 847 is arranged on the material receiving pipe and behind the joint of the flushing pipe, the butterfly valve is connected in the material receiving pipe and is connected with a connecting rod 846 outside the material receiving pipe through a rotating shaft, the connecting rod is connected with one end of an air cylinder 848, and the other end of the air cylinder is fixedly connected on the material receiving pipe; the outer wall of the other end of the metering nozzle is connected with the adjustable metering nozzle 85, the adjustable metering nozzle is a section of sleeve which is sleeved on the metering nozzle for matching use, so that the effective capacity of the metering nozzle is adjustable, the adjustable metering nozzle is connected with a slotted hole rail 843 through a screw, the slotted hole rail is fixed on the metering nozzle, a sealing door 86 is arranged at an outlet of the adjustable metering nozzle 85 and can rotate around a hinged support 862 through a rotating shaft, the hinged support is fixed below the outlet of the adjustable metering nozzle, a spring leaf 861 is arranged beside the hinged support, and the sealing door is in a normally closed door closing state under the action of the spring leaf 861 when the water is not flushed; of course, when the adjustable metering nozzle is not provided, the sealing gate 86 is directly provided at the outlet of the metering nozzle 841; of course, if the weighing system and the butterfly valve of the material spraying pipe in the feeder are eliminated, the metering nozzle or the metering nozzle with the adjustable metering nozzle is directly arranged at the front end of the material receiving pipe, the volume capacity depending on the metering nozzle or the adjustable metering can also be used as a metering unit, and the feeder can also be used for users who do not require very accurate feeding;
the position of the transverse spraying pipe adjusting device 87 can be adjusted by connecting one or more spraying pipes 83 with a discharge pipe 8211 in a rack and a hopper, the transverse spraying pipe adjusting device 87 comprises a sleeve 871, a connecting frame 872 and a cylinder 873, the connecting frame 872 is connected in a central hole of the sleeve 871 and can horizontally move left and right, the sleeve is fixed on the rack, the connecting frame is fixedly connected with all the spraying pipes 83, the connecting frame is connected with one end of the cylinder, the other end of the cylinder is connected with the rack 81, and the left and right telescopic movement of the spraying pipes can be controlled through the telescopic movement of the cylinder (the direction is the left and right direction corresponding to the attached drawing 10);
a flushing pipe 842 on the material spraying pipe 83 is connected with one end of an electromagnetic valve 831, the other end of the electromagnetic valve is connected with a high-pressure soft water pipe 832, and the high-pressure soft water pipe is connected into the water flushing system 47 and is connected with a water supply pipeline;
the leaking material receiving device 88 is arranged at the lower part of the frame 81, a receiving tray in the leaking material receiving device can be used for receiving the feed leaked from the upper material spraying pipe 83 in a telescopic manner and can be automatically or manually collected in a collecting box, and the collecting box is fixed below the frame or is movably extractable;
the control system 89 comprises an electric control box 891, a pneumatic control box 892 and a circuit pipeline, wherein a high-pressure gas distribution valve and an electromagnetic directional valve are arranged in the pneumatic control box and are distributed to relevant cylinders to work, and a main gas inlet pipeline of the pneumatic control box is provided with a movable joint 801 for connecting with a gas pipe of an air compressor; the electric cabinet 891 is internally provided with a related relay, an indicator light, a switch button and a weighing instrument which are connected with the pneumatic control box, the weighing sensor and the water pump through circuit pipelines, a setting panel on the weighing instrument can be connected and exposed on a panel of the electric cabinet, the parameter setting can be carried out on the weighing instrument on the panel of the electric cabinet, and a cable plug 803 is arranged on the electric cabinet and used for being connected with an external power supply plug to supply power to the whole feeder; an electric control box 891 and an air control box 892 in the control system are connected to the lower bottom plate 412 of the lifting mechanism, the frame of the feeder can be lifted up and down, and the electric control box and the air control box in the control system are not lifted up and down;
the weighing system 80 comprises a metering nozzle 841, a weighing sensor 844 and a weighing instrument 805, wherein after the fodder enters the metering nozzle, the gravity of the fodder is transmitted to the weighing sensor, and the gravity of the fodder is calculated by the weighing instrument, when the gravity of the fodder reaches a set value of the weighing instrument, a cylinder on a material spraying pipe controls a butterfly valve to be closed, so that the fodder in the metering nozzle to be sprayed is accurately metered;
the vibrator comprises a shell, a motor and an eccentric block, wherein the eccentric block is connected with the motor and can rotate along with the motor, the eccentric block and the motor are connected in the shell, the eccentric block swings after rotating to generate vibration, a connecting hole is formed in the shell, and the vibrator is connected to a hopper or a plurality of connecting bodies of the hopper or a frame;
the water flushing system 47 comprises an air pressure tank 471, a water pump (self-priming pump) 472, a water suction pipe 4721 and an electromagnetic valve, wherein the water pump sucks water from a culture pond or other water pools or a water supply network through the water suction pipe 4721 and stores the water into the air pressure tank to generate high-pressure water, and the high-pressure water is connected with a flushing pipe on the spraying pipe through a high-pressure soft water pipe 832 and the electromagnetic valve; after the electromagnetic valve is opened, high-pressure water is flushed out from the flushing pipe, and feed in the metering nozzle is delivered out, so that feeding work is realized; the air pressure tank, the water pump and other parts in the water flushing system can be combined and then arranged on the frame of the feeding machine or on the moving platform of the moving vehicle or on a workshop.
As shown in fig. 11, the lifting mechanism 41 includes an upper platform 411, a lower bottom plate 412, one or more sets of cross connecting rods 413, and a telescopic cylinder 414, two of the cross connecting rods can rotate around an intermediate shaft 4131, the connecting rod ends of two adjacent sets of cross connecting rods 413 are connected together by a pin 4132 to form a combined plurality of sets of cross connecting rods, two ends of one or more sets of cross connecting rods are provided with hinged seats 4133 respectively fixed on the upper platform 411 and the lower bottom plate 412, two ends of one or more sets of cross connecting rods are further provided with pulleys 4134 respectively connected to C-shaped rails 4135 on the upper platform 411 and the lower bottom plate 412 to roll, and the C-shaped rails can keep the pulleys moving in the rails and moving without derailing; one end of the telescopic cylinder 414 is connected with the cross connecting rod, the other end is fixedly connected with the upper platform or the lower bottom plate, the telescopic cylinder is driven by high-pressure gas or driven by hydraulic pressure or driven by an electric push rod to replace the telescopic cylinder, and the high-pressure gas is preferably used for driving; when the telescopic cylinder or the electric push rod is contracted, the cross connecting rod is folded, and the height between the upper platform and the lower bottom plate of the lifting mechanism is contracted; when the telescopic cylinder or the electric push rod extends out, the cross connecting rod is unfolded, the height between the upper platform and the lower bottom plate of the lifting mechanism is extended, and the lifting movement of the lifting mechanism is controlled by the telescopic movement of the telescopic cylinder or the electric push rod.
As shown in fig. 12, the weighing system 80 includes a load cell 844, a load meter 805, a solenoid directional valve 807, and an air cylinder 848, wherein the load cell 844 is connected to the spray tube, and a signal cable of the load cell is connected to the load meter 805; the weighing instrument is arranged in the electric cabinet, the weighing integrates weighing control, programmable control and relay output, and has the function of multi-path signal input and multi-path control output; the weighing instrument is provided with an output switch 8052 corresponding to the weighing sensor 844, and a power line 8051 on the weighing instrument is connected with a power supply on the electric cabinet; the output switch 8052 is connected with the electromagnetic directional valve 807 and a control circuit 806, and the electromagnetic directional valve 807 is connected in a pneumatic control box; the electromagnetic directional valve is an electrically controlled gas directional valve, the electromagnetic directional valve is connected with the high-pressure gas pipeline 808 and the cylinder 848, and the cylinder is connected to the material spraying pipe to control a butterfly valve on the material spraying pipe to work;
weighing sensor and weighing instrument theory of operation of definite value control: the gravity of the feed is transmitted to the weighing sensor through the metering nozzle, so that an elastic body in the sensor is deformed, a chip attached to the elastic body of the sensor, namely a strain gauge, is correspondingly deformed, the electric bridge on the strain gauge is unbalanced to generate a voltage difference, and a voltage signal in direct proportion to the weight of a weighed object is output to the weighing instrument; at the moment, each voltage signal which reflects the weight of the feed and is sent by the sensor on each material spraying pipe is transmitted to the weighing instrument for processing, then the weighing instrument further amplifies each voltage signal, converts between analog and digital signals and processes a series of data, and weight data can be directly displayed and stored in a digital form, and output control can also be carried out; the weighing instrument can adopt multi-channel weighing sensor signal input and multi-channel output control; the weighing instrument can realize various complex controls according to different weighing weight data, and is suitable for the batching control, the quantitative control and the like of various materials;
the working principle of a weighing system on the feeding machine is as follows: the weighing instrument is arranged in an electric cabinet of a feeder control system, a weighing sensor signal cable on the spraying pipe is connected with the weighing instrument, the weighing instrument is provided with a weight value of a weighing sensor, when a metering nozzle on the spraying pipe or an adjustable metering nozzle is filled with feed to reach the weight value set by the weighing instrument, a corresponding indicator lamp on a panel of the weighing instrument is on, and an output switch in the weighing instrument works to switch on a switch loop, the output switch controls an electromagnetic reversing valve on a gas pipeline of a cylinder to work, the cylinder acts to drive a butterfly valve to rotate, feed in a receiving pipe is closed and then enters the metering nozzle, so that the weight of the feed filled in the metering nozzle is accurate and stable, and the error is small; after the fodder is sprayed out of the metering nozzle, the weighing instrument automatically closes the corresponding output switch, the butterfly valve of the cylinder is opened after the cylinder restores to the original state, and the material receiving pipe can fill the metering nozzle, and the process is repeated.
As shown in fig. 13, the high-pressure gas distribution system 08 includes an air compressor 800, a gas distribution valve (or gas collecting plate) 8001, a gas reversing valve a807, a gas reversing valve B8831, a gas reversing valve C8731, a gas reversing valve D4141, a cylinder a848, a cylinder B883, a cylinder C873, and a telescopic cylinder 414; the air compressor 800 is connected to a gas distribution valve 8001 through a high-pressure soft gas pipe 8011, the gas distribution valve is connected to a gas reversing valve A807, a gas reversing valve B8831, a gas reversing valve C8731 and a gas reversing valve D4141 through multiple pipelines, the gas reversing valve A807 is connected with a cylinder A848, the cylinder A848 is connected to a material spraying pipe, and a metering nozzle feeding valve (a butterfly valve) in a weighing system is controlled; the gas reversing valve B8831 is connected with the cylinder B883, and the cylinder B883 is connected with the leaked material receiving device to control the telescopic movement of a material receiving disc in the leaked material receiving device; the gas reversing valve C8731 is connected with the cylinder C873, and the cylinder C873 is connected to the transverse adjusting device of the material spraying pipe to control the transverse telescopic movement of the material spraying pipe; the gas reversing valve D4141 is connected with the telescopic cylinder 414, and the telescopic cylinder 414 is connected to the lifting mechanism to control the lifting movement of the lifting mechanism; the gas distribution valve, the gas reversing valve A807, the gas reversing valve B8831, the gas reversing valve C8731 and the gas reversing valve D4141 are arranged in a gas control box of the feeding machine control system.
As shown in fig. 14, the water flushing system 47 includes an electric cabinet 891, an air pressure tank 471, a water pump (self-priming pump) 472, a high-pressure soft water pipe 832, an electromagnetic valve 831, and a flushing pipe 842, wherein the air pressure tank 471 is also called a pressure tank or an expansion tank, a water receiving port of the air pressure tank is connected with a water outlet of the water pump 472 through a gate valve 475 and a check valve 473 to form a water supply pipeline, one end of a water suction pipe 4721 of the water pump is hung in the culture pond 97, and the culture pond is filled with culture water; a safety valve 474 and the high-pressure flexible water pipe 832 are connected between the gate valve 475 and the check valve 473, one or more electromagnetic valves 831 are connected to the high-pressure flexible water pipe in parallel, each electromagnetic valve is connected to one of the flushing pipes 842, and the flushing pipe is arranged on the spraying pipe; an inflation valve 4713 and a pressure gauge 4712 are arranged on the air pressure tank, the pressure gauge has the functions of adjusting pressure and a pressure switch, the pressure switch in the pressure gauge is connected with a control circuit to the electric cabinet 891, and a power line on the electric cabinet is connected with the water pump 472;
the structure of the air pressure tank: the air pressure tank comprises a steel tank body, an air bag, a water receiving port and an exhaust port, the air bag is arranged in the steel tank body, the water receiving port is arranged on the air bag and communicated with the outside of the steel tank body, nitrogen with set pressure is filled between the air bag and an inner cavity of the steel tank body, a pressure gauge and the exhaust port are arranged on the steel tank body, and an inflation valve is arranged on the exhaust port and can be used for supplementing or discharging part of the nitrogen;
the working principle of the air pressure tank is as follows: when water with pressure outside enters the air bag in the air pressure tank, the air bag is expanded, nitrogen sealed in the tank is compressed, the volume of the compressed nitrogen is reduced, the pressure is increased, and water inflow in the air bag is stopped until the pressure of the gas in the air pressure tank is consistent with the pressure of the water in the air bag; when the external force of the water in the air bag disappears and the pressure is reduced, the gas pressure in the air pressure tank is larger than the pressure of the water in the air bag, at the moment, the gas expands, the water in the air bag is discharged, and the water discharge is stopped until the gas pressure and the water pressure are consistent again; therefore, the air pressure tank has the function of an energy accumulator, the function of balancing water quantity and pressure is realized, and the frequent opening and closing work of a water pump for automatically replenishing water and a safety valve is avoided;
the working principle of the water flushing system is as follows: two pressure control points p1 and p2 are set in a pressure gauge of the air pressure tank, and each pressure point is connected with a control relay in the electric control box 891; p1 is the water pump starting pressure, p2 is the water pump stopping pressure; when the pressure in the air pressure tank is p2, a water supply pipeline of the water flushing system is in a high pressure state, and the water pump 472 is in a stop state; when the electromagnetic valve 831 is opened and the flushing pipe 842 flushes the water in the metering nozzle, the water in the air pressure tank begins to slowly run off, when the pressure in the air pressure tank is reduced from p2 to p1, the related control relay in the electric cabinet works, the water pump automatically starts to supplement water to the air pressure tank, and when the pressure in the air pressure tank reaches p2, the water pump automatically stops working, so that the normal storage of the water stored in the air pressure tank is ensured; the safety valve 474 in the water flushing system is used for protecting the water pressure in the air pressure tank, and when the pressure is too high, the safety valve automatically opens high-pressure water to overflow back to the culture pond; the check valve 473 prevents the high-pressure water in the pressure tank from flowing to the water pump; after the gate valve 475 is closed, the pipeline pipe fittings behind the gate valve can be maintained and disposed conveniently, and the water stored in the air pressure tank does not run off.
As shown in fig. 15, the specific structure of the limit guide post 971 adopts one of the following ways:
a limiting groove rail 972 is arranged in the vertical direction of one side surface of the limiting guide column 971, and a horn mouth 973 is arranged above the limiting groove rail;
the limiting guide post 971 is provided with a limiting groove rail 972 in the vertical direction of the left side surface and the right side surface (the left side surface and the right side surface are the left side surface and the right side surface seen in the figure), and a bell mouth 973 is arranged above the limiting groove rail;
the limiting guide column 971 is provided with a limiting groove rail 972 in the vertical direction of one side surface;
the limiting guide post 971 is provided with a limiting groove rail 972 in the vertical direction of the left side surface and the right side surface.
Claims (10)
1. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeding machines comprises a culture pond, a culture cabinet and a crane; the wheel tread of a cart running device in the crane runs on a workshop track on rail bearing beams in a pressing mode, and the two rail bearing beams are respectively connected to workshop upright corbels on two sides of the culture pond; the front side surface and the rear side surface of the cultivation cabinet are provided with a plurality of cultivation boxes, the cultivation boxes are provided with feed ports, the peripheries of the feed ports are provided with one-way spines, the cultivation cabinets are placed in the cultivation ponds, and the feed ports face to a workshop walkway; the method is characterized in that: the feeding system also comprises a feeder; the crane comprises a plurality of trolley devices; the trolley device lifts the cultivation cabinet to the surface of the cultivation pond; the plurality of feeding machines are respectively arranged on the workshop walkways at two sides of the culture pond and can be lifted and moved, and each feeding machine is provided with a weighing system, a lifting mechanism and a water flushing system; and the plurality of feeding machines use the high-pressure water generated by the water flushing system as power to lift the cultivation cabinet for quantitative feeding.
2. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the crane comprises a bridge, a cart running device and a plurality of trolley devices, wherein the bridge comprises a main beam and end beams, and the end beams are connected to two ends of the main beam; a trolley track is arranged below the main beam, the trolley device is hung on the trolley track to run, a hoisting device is arranged on the trolley device, and a steel rope on the hoisting device is connected with a lifting hook; the wheels of the two cart running devices are respectively connected with two ends of the end beam, and the wheel treads of the cart running devices are pressed on the rail surface of the workshop track to drive the crane to run.
3. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the girder below is equipped with the dolly track, the dolly device hangs operation on the dolly track, and concrete structure is: the trolley track is a component welded by I-shaped steel, H-shaped steel or steel plates, and the wheel tread of the trolley device is hung on the lower flange of the component welded by the I-shaped steel, the H-shaped steel or the steel plates.
4. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cart running device adopts one of the following methods:
the cart running device comprises an active wheel, a passive wheel and a three-in-one speed reducer, wherein the three-in-one speed reducer is formed by combining the speed reducer, a motor and a brake into a whole, the three-in-one speed reducer is connected with the active wheel, and the active wheel and the passive wheel are both provided with double rims or single rims;
the cart running gear includes initiative wheel, "trinity" speed reducer indicates that speed reducer, motor, stopper three close as an organic whole, "trinity" speed reducer is connected with initiative wheel, initiative wheel band biside or single wheel are along.
5. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cultivation cabinet comprises a cabinet frame and a cultivation box, wherein a plurality of frame chambers which are arranged transversely and vertically are arranged on the front side surface and the rear side surface of the cabinet frame, a lock catch is arranged on the edge above the frame opening of each frame chamber, the adjacent frame chambers on the cabinet frame are communicated with each other, a sealing plate is arranged on the upper surface of the cabinet frame for sealing, at least one lifting lug is arranged above the cabinet frame, and guide blocks are arranged below the left side surface and the right side surface of the cabinet frame; the cultivation box is inserted into the frame chamber and can be drawn in and out, and the cultivation box can be locked by the lock catch; the cultivation box is characterized in that the cultivation box is a drawer-type box body with an upper opening, through holes are formed in each side face of the cultivation box, a feeding port is formed in the front side face of the cultivation box, conical one-way spines are arranged on the periphery of the feeding port, and the conical tips of the one-way spines face the inside of the cultivation box.
6. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the plurality of feeding machines are respectively arranged on the workshop walkways at two sides of the culture pond and can be lifted and walked, and the specific scheme is as follows: two parallel feeder rails are arranged on the workshop walkways at two sides of the culture pond; the bottom of the feeder is provided with a moving wheel with a wheel rim; the moving wheel is placed on a feeding machine rail and is pushed and pulled by manpower or driven by a motor to operate; the feeding machine track is made of steel rails or I-shaped steel or channel steel or round steel or steel pipes or square steel, the rims of the moving wheels are double rims or single rims or the two rims and the other rim are not arranged on one track, and the treads of the moving wheels are pressed on the rail surfaces of the feeding machine track.
7. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the feeding machine comprises a frame, a bin, a hopper, a material spraying pipe, a vibrator, a transverse adjusting device of the material spraying pipe, a material leakage receiving device, a lifting mechanism, a high-pressure gas distribution system, a weighing system, a water flushing system and a control system, wherein the frame comprises a frame consisting of a plurality of upright posts and a plurality of cross rods, the lower part of the upright post of the frame is fixedly connected to an upper platform of the lifting mechanism, and a lower bottom plate of the lifting mechanism is provided with a movable wheel; the telescopic motion of a telescopic cylinder in the lifting mechanism controls the lifting motion of the rack; the material bin is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the rack, one or more hoppers are connected to the lower portion of the material bin in the vertical direction, vibrators are arranged on the outer wall of each hopper or on a plurality of hopper connecting bodies, a section of the bottom of each hopper is bent into a discharge pipe slightly in the horizontal direction, the discharge pipes are arranged in one or more rows from bottom to top and are all consistent in orientation, the outlet direction is horizontal and slightly inclined downward, and the spraying pipes are connected to the discharge pipes; and one or more hoppers are provided with a strip-shaped transparent window along the vertical direction.
8. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the lifting mechanism comprises an upper platform, a lower base plate, one or more groups of cross connecting rods and a telescopic cylinder, wherein two connecting rods in the cross connecting rods can rotate around a middle shaft, the connecting rod ends of two adjacent groups of cross connecting rods are connected through a pin shaft to form a plurality of groups of combined cross connecting rods, two ends of one or more groups of cross connecting rods are provided with hinged supports which are respectively fixed on the upper platform and the lower base plate, and two ends of one or more groups of cross connecting rods are also provided with pulleys which are respectively connected with C-shaped tracks on the upper platform and the lower base plate to roll; one end of the telescopic cylinder is connected with the cross connecting rod, the other end of the telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper platform or the lower bottom plate, and the telescopic cylinder is driven by high-pressure gas or driven by hydraulic pressure to stretch and retract; the telescopic motion of the telescopic cylinder controls the lifting motion of the lifting mechanism.
9. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: the concrete structure of the material spraying pipe adopts one of the following schemes:
the spraying pipe comprises a material receiving pipe, a metering nozzle, an adjustable metering nozzle, a material sealing door, a weighing sensor, a butterfly valve and a cylinder, one end of the material receiving pipe is connected with the material discharging pipe in a sleeved mode, the material discharging pipe is inserted into one end of the material receiving pipe and is movably connected in a clearance mode, the other end, namely the front end, of the material receiving pipe is connected with a section of cylindrical metering nozzle in a sleeved mode, the front end of the material receiving pipe is inserted into one end of the metering nozzle and is connected in a clearance mode, a flushing pipe is arranged at the position, which is later than the joint of the front end of the material receiving pipe and the metering nozzle, of the material receiving pipe, the flushing; the metering nozzle is connected with one end of a weighing sensor through a bolt, the other end of the weighing sensor is connected and fixed on a sensor support, and the sensor support is fixed on the material receiving pipe; a butterfly valve is arranged on the material receiving pipe and behind the joint of the flushing pipe, the butterfly valve is connected in the material receiving pipe and is connected with a connecting rod outside the material receiving pipe through a rotating shaft, the connecting rod is connected with one end of a cylinder, and the other end of the cylinder is fixedly connected on the material receiving pipe; the outer wall of the other end of the metering nozzle is connected with the adjustable metering nozzle, the adjustable metering nozzle is a section of sleeve and is sleeved on the metering nozzle for matching use, so that the effective capacity of the metering nozzle is adjustable, the adjustable metering nozzle is connected with a long hole rail through a screw, the long hole rail is fixed on the metering nozzle, a sealing door is arranged at an outlet of the adjustable metering nozzle and can rotate around a hinged support through a rotating shaft, the hinged support is fixed below the outlet of the adjustable metering nozzle, a spring leaf is arranged beside the hinged support, and the sealing door is in a normally closed state under the action of the spring leaf in the sealing door when not flushing water;
the material spraying pipe comprises a material receiving pipe, a metering nozzle, a material sealing door, a weighing sensor, a butterfly valve and a cylinder, one end of the material receiving pipe is connected with the material discharging pipe in a sleeved mode, the material discharging pipe is inserted into one end of the material receiving pipe and is movably connected in a clearance mode, the other end, namely the front end, of the material receiving pipe is connected with a cylindrical metering nozzle in a sleeved mode, the front end of the material receiving pipe is inserted into one end of the metering nozzle and is in clearance connection, a flushing pipe is arranged at the position, which is later than the joint of the front end of the material receiving pipe and the metering nozzle, of the material receiving pipe, the flushing pipe is provided with; the metering nozzle is connected with one end of a weighing sensor through a bolt, the other end of the weighing sensor is connected and fixed on a sensor support, and the sensor support is fixed on the material receiving pipe; a butterfly valve is arranged on the material receiving pipe and behind the joint of the flushing pipe, the butterfly valve is connected in the material receiving pipe and is connected with a connecting rod outside the material receiving pipe through a rotating shaft, the connecting rod is connected with one end of a cylinder, and the other end of the cylinder is fixedly connected on the material receiving pipe; the sealing door is arranged at the outlet of the other end of the metering nozzle and can rotate around the hinged support through a rotating shaft, the hinged support is fixed below the outlet of the metering nozzle, the spring leaf is arranged beside the hinged support, and the sealing door is in a normally closed door closing state under the action of the spring leaf in the sealing door when not being flushed.
10. An abalone culture feeding system with a plurality of lifting mechanism feeders as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water flushing system comprises an electric cabinet, an air pressure tank, a water pump, a high-pressure soft water pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a flushing pipe, wherein a water receiving port of the air pressure tank is connected with a water outlet of the water pump through a gate valve and a check valve to form a water feeding pipeline, and one end of a water suction pipe of the water pump is a soft water pipe and is vertically hung in the culture pond; a safety valve and the high-pressure soft water pipe are connected between the gate valve and the check valve, one or more electromagnetic valves are connected to the high-pressure soft water pipe in parallel, each electromagnetic valve is connected with one flushing pipe, and the flushing pipe is arranged on the material spraying pipe; the air pressure tank is provided with an inflation valve and a pressure gauge, the pressure gauge has the functions of adjusting pressure and a pressure switch, the pressure switch in the pressure gauge is connected with a control circuit to the electric cabinet, and a power line on the electric cabinet is connected to the water pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811369653.1A CN111194711A (en) | 2018-11-17 | 2018-11-17 | Abalone culture feeding system with multiple lifting mechanism feeding machines |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811369653.1A CN111194711A (en) | 2018-11-17 | 2018-11-17 | Abalone culture feeding system with multiple lifting mechanism feeding machines |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111194711A true CN111194711A (en) | 2020-05-26 |
Family
ID=70741098
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811369653.1A Pending CN111194711A (en) | 2018-11-17 | 2018-11-17 | Abalone culture feeding system with multiple lifting mechanism feeding machines |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111194711A (en) |
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2018
- 2018-11-17 CN CN201811369653.1A patent/CN111194711A/en active Pending
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