CN111189571A - One-way residual stress detection device based on magnetostrictive effect - Google Patents
One-way residual stress detection device based on magnetostrictive effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN111189571A CN111189571A CN202010016933.5A CN202010016933A CN111189571A CN 111189571 A CN111189571 A CN 111189571A CN 202010016933 A CN202010016933 A CN 202010016933A CN 111189571 A CN111189571 A CN 111189571A
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- residual stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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Abstract
The invention discloses a unidirectional residual stress detection device based on a magnetostrictive effect, which relates to the technical field of nondestructive detection of residual stress and comprises a detection table, wherein one side of the detection table is provided with a lifting device for controlling a detection probe to move and a rotating device connected with the lifting device, and the detection probe is arranged on the rotating device and is opposite to the detection table in position; the electric control system is electrically connected with the lifting device and the rotating device and drives the detection probe to lift and rotate. The one-way residual stress detection device based on the magnetostrictive effect is simple in principle, and can reduce the manual technical dependence of one-way residual stress detection. The control system of the device can realize accurate control of rotation, so that errors in rotation measurement are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing of residual stress, in particular to a method based on magnetostriction effect
The device is used for detecting the one-way residual stress.
Background
Residual stress is the interaction remaining inside the material after the workpiece is subjected to the action of eliminating external force or uneven temperature field. In the service process of the workpiece, excessive residual stress not only has important influence on the fatigue strength of the workpiece, but also accelerates the surface destruction of the workpiece, thereby causing many safety accidents. Therefore, the method has important significance for effectively predicting the service life of the in-service mechanism and reducing industrial accidents by accurately and effectively detecting the residual stress and reasonably and effectively utilizing the residual stress.
The nondestructive testing technology of the residual stress has the advantage of being extremely thick when used for testing the parts in service. In the existing nondestructive magnetic detection technology, a Barkhausen method, a magnetic memory method, a magnetoacoustic emission method and the like are commonly used. The barkhausen method is mainly based on that magnetic domains are regularly oriented under the action of a magnetic field to generate an electric signal, the electric signal has a certain corresponding relation with stress, and the signal is easily influenced by environmental noise when the barkhausen method is adopted and has certain limitation. The magnetic method utilizes the magnetostriction effect of the magnetic material to measure the residual stress, mainly based on the difference of the stress values of the magnetic anisotropic material in different directions, and establishes a measurement algorithm according to a mathematical relationship, thereby obtaining the value of the residual stress. The magnetic memory method is a rapid nondestructive detection method for detecting a stress concentration area of a component by utilizing a metal magnetic memory effect, and the method is characterized in that the maximum leakage magnetic field Hp formed by the stress and deformation concentration area of the component in a geomagnetic environment changes, a stress concentration area of the component is deduced by measuring Hp (y), a stress value is obtained according to the relation between a magnetic field and the stress field, and the magnetic memory method can only obtain the establishment of the corresponding relation between a magnetic memory signal of the component and the stress concentration under a specific condition at present. The magnetoacoustic emission method utilizes the fact that magnetic domains suddenly move under the action of an external magnetic field, the magnetization vectors of the magnetic domains rotate along with the magnetic domains, MAE pulse signals are generated, the stress condition of a component is estimated according to the change of the MAE intensity value, the size effect of the component needs to be considered when the magnetoacoustic emission method is applied, and a correction coefficient needs to be obtained through experiments.
Chinese patent publication No. CN106248276A discloses a method for measuring residual stress of metal microstructure. The patent briefly states that: the metal microstructure is prepared by codeposition by adding solid particles with micro-Raman activity and metal, and the residual stress of the microstructure is measured by using micro-Raman spectroscopy. Although the method expands the application range of the micro-Raman spectroscopy and solves the limitation of X-ray measurement of the residual stress of the microstructure, the method has high cost and the measurement is easily influenced by external factors and temperature.
Chinese patent publication No. CN101762616A discloses a nondestructive testing method for residual stress on the surface of a large roll. The patent briefly states that: fixing the angle measuring head of the ray stress meter on the electromagnetic permanent control device on the surface of the roller, and measuring the residual stress on the surface of the roller by using the ray stress meter. The method solves the problem of stress detection of the surface of a large-sized roller, but a ray dynamometer can only detect the residual stress at a very thin position of the surface, and cannot detect the residual stress at a deep layer.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a unidirectional residual stress detection device based on a magnetostrictive effect.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a unidirectional residual stress detection device based on a magnetostrictive effect comprises a detection table, wherein a lifting device for controlling a detection probe to move and a rotating device connected with the lifting device are arranged on one side of the detection table, and the detection probe is arranged on the rotating device and is opposite to the detection table in position; the electric control system is electrically connected with the lifting device and the rotating device and drives the detection probe to lift and rotate.
Preferably, the lifting device comprises a supporting cover arranged on the ground, a supporting upright post is arranged above the supporting cover, a connecting plate extends from the bottom of the supporting upright post to the periphery, and the connecting plate is detachably connected with the supporting cover; a stepping motor is arranged in the supporting cover, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with a ball screw through a coupler, and the ball screw is arranged in the hollow supporting upright post.
Preferably, one side of the connecting plate extends to be connected with the detection table into a whole.
Preferably, the rotating device comprises a rotating motor, the rotating motor is arranged in a motor shell and further comprises a lead screw nut, one end of the lead screw nut is connected with the ball screw, the other end of the lead screw nut is detachably connected with the motor shell, and an output shaft of the rotating motor is connected with the detection probe through a coupler.
Preferably, the rotating motor is located in the motor shell, and the output shaft of the rotating motor and the coupling connecting portion are located in the screw nut and are in large clearance fit with each other.
Preferably, the detection probe is fixed with the lead screw nut through a rolling bearing and a bearing end cover, the detection probe is in interference fit with an inner ring of the rolling bearing, an outer ring of the rolling bearing is in interference fit with the bearing end cover, and the bearing end cover is detachably connected with the lead screw nut.
Preferably, the detection table is further provided with an axial movement device, the axial movement device comprises a driving portion and a workbench, the driving portion comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is connected with a lead screw through a coupler, and the lead screw is matched with a nut fixed on the workbench and drives the workbench to move axially.
Preferably, a guide table connected with the detection table is further arranged below the workbench, a guide groove is formed in the guide table, and the guide groove is matched with the bottom of the workbench.
Preferably, electrical system sets up in a mainframe box, electrical system includes singlechip and motor drive, through singlechip control command transmits for motor drive to drive step motor, rotating electrical machines and driving motor, the outside of mainframe box still is provided with the display screen.
The invention has the following beneficial effects that the unidirectional residual stress detection device based on the magnetostrictive effect comprises a residual stress detection probe, an electric control system, a rotating device, a lifting device and the like, wherein the lifting device is a vertical single-arm supporting detection platform, the automatic rotating device is connected with the detection probe, when in measurement, a motor shell is manually rotated to adjust the initial position, then a control system sends a control instruction, the detection probe is lifted to a certain height, the detection probe is connected with a motor to drive the detection probe to rotate for a certain angle, then the probe is driven to descend to the surface of a workpiece to be measured, the second signal acquisition is carried out, one point acquisition is finished, an axial moving device drives the workpiece to move for a certain distance, the second point measurement is started, the intervention of the control system is reduced, the dependence on the manual technology is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved, the magnetic method realizes semi-automatic detection.
Drawings
The invention is preferably described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a stepping motor and a ball screw according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lifting device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotating device according to the present invention;
marked as 1 in the figure, a detection table; 2. detecting a probe; 3. a support housing; 4. supporting the upright post; 5. a connecting plate; 6. a stepping motor; 7. a ball screw; 8. a rotating electric machine; 9. a motor housing; 10. a lead screw nut; 11. a rolling bearing; 12. a bearing end cap; 13. a work table; 14. a drive motor; 15. a lead screw; 16. a guide table; 17. a guide groove; 18. a main chassis; 19. a display screen.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-4, a unidirectional residual stress detection device based on the magnetostrictive effect according to the present invention includes a detection table 1, a lifting device for controlling the movement of a detection probe 2 and a rotating device connected to the lifting device are disposed on one side of the detection table 1, and the detection probe 2 is disposed on the rotating device and opposite to the detection table 1; the electric control system is electrically connected with the lifting device and the rotating device and drives the detection probe 2 to lift and rotate.
The lifting device comprises a supporting cover 3 arranged on the ground, a supporting upright post 4 is arranged above the supporting cover 3, a connecting plate 5 extends from the bottom of the supporting upright post 4 to the periphery, and the connecting plate 5 is detachably connected with the supporting cover 3 through bolts and nuts; be provided with step motor 6 in the support housing 3, step motor 6's output shaft has ball 7 through the coupling joint, and ball 7 arranges hollow support post 4 in.
Specifically, place the work piece that awaits measuring on examining test table 1, when needing to examine, start step motor 6, step motor 6 drives ball 7 rotatory, make the rotary device who is connected with ball 7 wholly descend, until 2 and the work piece contact that awaits measuring of test probe, after the measurement finishes, step motor 6 reversal certain angle, make rotary device wholly rise, drive test probe 2 and leave the workpiece surface that awaits measuring, accomplish the detection, as preferred, one side of connecting plate 5 extends and is connected as an organic wholely with examining test table 1, the area of support has been increased, the bearing capacity is better.
The rotating device comprises a rotating motor 8, the rotating motor 8 is arranged in a motor shell 9 and further comprises a lead screw nut 10, one end of the lead screw nut 10 is connected with a ball screw 7, the other end of the lead screw nut is detachably connected with the motor shell 9, an output shaft of the rotating motor 8 is connected with a detection probe 2 through a coupler, the detection is started, the detection is adjusted according to the defined coordinate, and the detection probe 2 can be driven to rotate through the rotating motor 8 so as to realize accurate positioning.
Furthermore, the rotating motor 8 is located in the motor housing 9, the output shaft of the rotating motor 8 and the coupling connecting portion are located in the screw nut 10 and are in large clearance fit with the screw nut 10, when the residual stress is measured, the control system sends out a rotating instruction, the rotating motor 8 drives the detection probe 2 to rotate for a certain angle, and the output shaft of the rotating motor 8 and the coupling and the screw nut 10 are in large clearance fit, so that the rotating motor 8 is not affected by the hole in rotation.
Furthermore, the detection probe 2 is fixed with the screw nut 10 through the rolling bearing 11 and the bearing end cover 12, the detection probe 2 is in interference fit with an inner ring of the rolling bearing 11, an outer ring of the rolling bearing 11 is in interference fit with the bearing end cover 12, the bearing end cover 12 is detachably connected with the screw nut 10 through a bolt and a nut, in the detection process, the detection probe 2 drives the inner ring of the rolling bearing 11 to rotate when rotating, a rolling body is arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 11, the outer ring of the rolling bearing 11 is fixed with the bearing end cover 12 and does not rotate along with the rotation of the inner ring of the rolling bearing 11, and therefore the support of the detection probe 2 can be achieved without affecting.
In addition, still be provided with axial displacement device on examining test table 1, axial displacement device includes drive division and workstation 13, the drive division includes driving motor 14, driving motor 14 has a lead screw 15 through the coupling joint, lead screw 15 cooperatees with the fixed nut of workstation 13 to drive workstation 13 axial displacement, in the course of the work, driving motor 14's output shaft drives lead screw 15 rotatory, the nut is together fixed with workstation 13, drive workstation 13 axial displacement through lead screw 15, be convenient for detect the different positions of work piece.
Furthermore, a guide table 16 connected with the detection table 1 is further arranged below the workbench 13, a guide groove 17 is formed in the guide table 16, and the guide groove 17 is matched with the bottom of the workbench 13, so that the axial movement of the workbench 13 is more stable.
The electric control system is arranged in a mainframe box 18 and comprises a single chip microcomputer and a motor driver, and a control instruction is transmitted to the motor driver through the single chip microcomputer so as to drive the stepping motor 6, the rotating motor 8 and the driving motor 14, a display screen 19 is further arranged outside the mainframe box 18, when the residual stress is detected, after a point of information is collected after calibration, the single chip microcomputer outputs a control signal for controlling the motors to control the stepping motor to rotate so as to drive the rotating device to ascend, after the residual stress ascends to a certain height, the single chip microcomputer sends a stop instruction, and the stepping motor 6 stops rotating; the single chip microcomputer outputs a control signal for controlling the rotating motor 8, the rotating motor 8 rotates, the detection probe 2 is driven by the coupler to rotate by a certain angle, the single chip microcomputer sends a command for controlling the rotating motor to stop, and the rotating motor 8 stops rotating; the back singlechip outputs a control signal of the stepping motor 6, controls the stepping motor 6 to rotate reversely, drives the rotating device to descend, and when the back singlechip reaches the surface to be detected, the singlechip sends a stop instruction, the stepping motor 6 stops rotating, and the second signal acquisition is started.
Furthermore, a control system hardware part and other hardware modules are placed in the main case 18 and are integrally packaged in the shell of the main case 18, when detection is carried out, a control instruction carried by the hardware of the main case 18 and a host interaction interface are started under the action of a power supply, an internal algorithm can convert a current signal transmitted by a detection probe into a quantitative parameter according to the relation between the current signal and the stress, the quantitative parameter is displayed on a user interface, the user interface is an LED display screen carried on the main case and can display control information and measurement parameters, when residual stress is measured, the control parameters can be input on the user interface as required, three motors are controlled by the hardware system in the main case 18, meanwhile, the user interface can display zero setting information when signal acquisition starts and can also display the measurement parameters, and further preferably, when the upper and lower two cases of the main case 18 are assembled or have faults inside, can separate, can be convenient realize the module and exchange.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made based on the present invention to solve the same technical problems and achieve the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a one-way residual stress detection device based on magnetostrictive effect which characterized in that: the device comprises a detection table, wherein a lifting device for controlling a detection probe to move and a rotating device connected with the lifting device are arranged on one side of the detection table, and the detection probe is arranged on the rotating device and is opposite to the detection table in position; the electric control system is electrically connected with the lifting device and the rotating device and drives the detection probe to lift and rotate.
2. The magnetostrictive effect based unidirectional residual stress detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting device comprises a supporting cover arranged on the ground, a supporting upright post is arranged above the supporting cover, a connecting plate extends from the bottom of the supporting upright post to the periphery, and the connecting plate is detachably connected with the supporting cover; a stepping motor is arranged in the supporting cover, an output shaft of the stepping motor is connected with a ball screw through a coupler, and the ball screw is arranged in the hollow supporting upright post.
3. The magnetostrictive effect based unidirectional residual stress detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: one side of the connecting plate extends to be connected with the detection table into a whole.
4. The magnetostrictive effect based unidirectional residual stress detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating device comprises a rotating motor, the rotating motor is arranged in a motor shell and further comprises a lead screw nut, one end of the lead screw nut is connected with the ball screw, the other end of the lead screw nut is detachably connected with the motor shell, and an output shaft of the rotating motor is connected with the detection probe through a coupler.
5. The magnetostrictive effect based unidirectional residual stress detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the rotating motor is positioned in the motor shell, and an output shaft of the rotating motor and the coupling connecting part are positioned in the screw nut and are in large clearance fit with the screw nut.
6. The magnetostrictive effect based unidirectional residual stress detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the detection probe is fixed with the lead screw nut through a rolling bearing and a bearing end cover, the detection probe is in interference fit with an inner ring of the rolling bearing, an outer ring of the rolling bearing is in interference fit with the bearing end cover, and the bearing end cover is detachably connected with the lead screw nut.
7. The unidirectional residual stress detection device based on the magnetostrictive effect according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the detection table is further provided with an axial movement device, the axial movement device comprises a driving portion and a workbench, the driving portion comprises a driving motor, the driving motor is connected with a lead screw through a coupler, and the lead screw is matched with a nut fixed on the workbench and drives the workbench to move axially.
8. The magnetostrictive effect based unidirectional residual stress detection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: the detection device is characterized in that a guide table connected with the detection table is further arranged below the working table, a guide groove is formed in the guide table, and the guide groove is matched with the bottom of the working table.
9. A unidirectional residual stress detection device based on the magnetostrictive effect according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: the electric control system is arranged in a mainframe box and comprises a single chip microcomputer and a motor driver, the motor driver is transmitted by a single chip microcomputer control command, so that a stepping motor, a rotating motor and a driving motor are driven, and a display screen is further arranged outside the mainframe box.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010016933.5A CN111189571A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | One-way residual stress detection device based on magnetostrictive effect |
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| CN202010016933.5A CN111189571A (en) | 2020-01-08 | 2020-01-08 | One-way residual stress detection device based on magnetostrictive effect |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111940313A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-11-17 | 宁波市镇海建业轴承有限公司 | Bearing rotation detection device and method thereof |
| CN113960509A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-21 | 福建船政交通职业学院 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor rotor surface magnetic field detects specialized tool |
| CN114674472A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-06-28 | 山东齐鲁石化机械制造有限公司 | Residual stress detection device for nuclear power equipment after heat treatment |
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Application publication date: 20200522 |