CN111189510B - Pond underwater topography multi-point measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Pond underwater topography multi-point measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111189510B CN111189510B CN202010070939.0A CN202010070939A CN111189510B CN 111189510 B CN111189510 B CN 111189510B CN 202010070939 A CN202010070939 A CN 202010070939A CN 111189510 B CN111189510 B CN 111189510B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/24—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of resistance of resistors due to contact with conductor fluid
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-point measuring device for underwater topography of a pond, which comprises a floating part, a depth measuring part and a resistance tester, the floating part is sleeved on the depth measuring part, the top end of the depth measuring part is connected with a resistance tester, the floating part is a floating air bag with pull ropes on two sides, the center of the floating air bag is provided with a sleeve, the depth measuring part is composed of a roller and a measuring rod, the top end of the measuring rod penetrates through the sleeve from bottom to top, the outer wall of the measuring rod is coated with a conductive coating, the inner wall of the measuring rod is provided with a high-resistance lead, the surface of the high-resistance lead and the inner wall of the measuring rod are coated with super-hydrophobic coating layers, a plurality of conductive wires are arranged on the high-resistance lead at intervals along the height direction, the contralateral edge direction of high resistance wire is provided with a plurality of through-holes at interval, be connected with two wires in two test holes of resistance tester, two wires are connected conductive coating top and high resistance wire top respectively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of topographic survey, in particular to a multi-point measuring device and method for underwater topography of a pond.
Background
In the process of underwater topography measurement of a shallow water area, the influence of water temperature on the sound wave propagation speed is very large, and a floating mud layer is arranged at the bottom of the water, so that the error of sound wave or light wave measurement is large.
Ordinary depth rod uses very loaded down with trivial details, uses ship or other instrument in the measurement process, still need take advantage of the ship and launch to observe the scale that depth rod is located the surface of water, influences survey crew personal safety to because aquatic ship location is inaccurate, ship drift and water are influenced the ship only and fluctuate acutely, influence measurement accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multi-point measurement device and a multi-point measurement method for underwater topography of a pond, aiming at solving the problems of large measurement error and high reading danger during measurement of underwater topography in a shallow water area.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a multi-point measuring device for pond underwater topography comprises a floating part, a depth measuring part and a resistance tester, wherein the floating part is sleeved on the depth measuring part, and the top end of the depth measuring part is connected with the resistance tester;
the floating part consists of a pull rope and a floating air bag, the pull rope is connected to two sides of the floating air bag, the floating air bag comprises a central plate and an air bag, air holes penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the central plate are uniformly distributed on the surface of the central plate, the center of the central plate is coaxially connected with a sleeve penetrating through the central plate, the circumference of the central plate is connected with the annular air bag, and an air valve is arranged on the air bag;
the depth measuring part consists of a roller and a measuring rod, the roller is two coaxial wheel bodies with the same shape and size, a connecting shaft is connected between the two wheel bodies, the connecting shaft is connected with the bottom end of the measuring rod, the top end of the measuring rod penetrates through the sleeve from bottom to top, a water through hole penetrating through the peripheral wall of the measuring rod is formed in the peripheral wall of the measuring rod between the two rollers, the outer wall of the measuring rod is coated with a conductive coating, the inner wall of one side of the measuring rod is provided with a high-resistance wire along the height direction, the surface of the high-resistance wire and the inner wall of the measuring rod are coated with super-hydrophobic coating layers, a plurality of conductive wires are arranged on the high-resistance wire at intervals along the height direction, one end of the conductive wire faces the axle center of the measuring rod, the other end of the conductive wire penetrates through the super-hydrophobic coating layer and is vertically connected with a high-resistance wire, a plurality of inclined through holes communicated with the outside of the measuring rod are arranged on the inner wall of the measuring rod opposite to the high-resistance lead at intervals along the height direction;
two wires are connected in two testing holes of the resistance tester, one wire of the two wires is connected with the top end of the conductive coating, and the other wire of the two wires is connected with the top end of the high-resistance wire.
Further, the central plate is a rigid circular plate body, the outer wall of the central plate is connected to the inner wall of the air bag, when the floating portion is placed on the water surface, the central plate is in a horizontal state, and the sleeve is perpendicular to the central plate.
Further, the measuring rod is a tubular body made of insulating materials.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the measuring rod is located at the center of the connecting shaft, the high-resistance lead is as high as the measuring rod, and the lowest conductive wire in the plurality of conductive wires is flush with the bottom end of the measuring rod.
Further, each said tilted via area is not smaller than 1 cm.
Further, the through hole is inclined downwards from the inner wall to the outer wall of the measuring rod.
Further, the conductive wires are bare stainless steel fiber wires.
Further, the length of the conductive wire is 1-1.5 mm.
Further, the total resistance value across the high-resistance wire is 10M Ω.
The multi-point measuring method of the pond underwater topography is applied to the multi-point measuring device of the pond underwater topography and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, measuring the total length L of a measuring rod;
secondly, measuring the radius r of the roller;
putting the multi-point measuring device for the underwater topography of the pond into the water of the pond, pulling pull ropes on two sides of the pond by people to enable the floating part to drive the depth measuring part to move at the bottom of the pond, reading a resistance value R on the resistance tester every time the floating part moves for a distance according to the measurement requirement, wherein the total resistance value of two ends of the high-resistance wire is 10M omega;
the corresponding pond water depth H at this time:
H=（10-R）L/10+r；
fourthly, the underwater topography of the pond can be drawn according to the contour line method after a plurality of times of moving measurement.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the depth measurement part is arranged in the floating part in a penetrating mode, the depth measurement part is kept to move vertically and movably through the floating part, a person can move the floating part to drive the depth measurement part to move by pulling the pull rope on the bank, the moving distance is accurate, the water surface is accurately positioned, the resistance tester is connected with the depth measurement part through the lead, the resistance tester is located on the bank and has a digital display function, therefore, people do not need to measure water, the reading can be carried out on the bank, and the personal safety of measuring personnel is guaranteed.
The resistance tester, the high-resistance wire, the water and the conductive coating form a measuring loop, the resistance tester measures the sum of the resistances of the high-resistance wire, the conductive water body in the measuring rod and the conductive coating, and the resistances of the conductive water body in the measuring rod and the conductive coating can be ignored relative to the high-resistance wire, so that the value measured by the resistance tester is the resistance value of the high-resistance wire above the water surface, the water surface height can be obtained through calculation, the measurement is accurate, and the error is small.
The high-resistance lead is positioned in the measuring rod, the inside of the measuring rod is communicated with the pond through the through hole, and the through hole is inclined, so that the influence of water level fluctuation on the water surface in the measuring rod is blocked and eliminated, the height of the water level in the measuring rod is consistent with that of the water level outside the measuring rod, the fluctuation is small, and the measurement is more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the spindle of the present invention;
figure 3 is a front view in cross-section of a measuring staff in use according to the invention.
The reference numbers in the drawings are as follows: 1 is a floating part, 2 is a depth measuring part, 3 is a resistance tester, 11 is a pull rope, 12 is a floating air bag, 21 is a roller, 22 is a measuring rod, 121 is a central plate, 122 is an air bag, 211 is a connecting shaft, 221 is a water through hole, 222 is a conductive coating, 223 is a high-resistance wire, 224 is a super-hydrophobic coating layer, 225 is a through hole, 1211 is an air through hole, 1212 is a sleeve and 2231 is a conductive wire.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the multi-point measuring device for the pond water bottom topography comprises a floating part 1, a depth measuring part 2 and a resistance tester 3, wherein the floating part 1 is sleeved on the depth measuring part 2, the top end of the depth measuring part 2 is connected with the resistance tester 3, and the resistance tester 3 is an American FLUKE Fuluke F1508 megohm meter insulation resistance tester;
the floating part 1 consists of a pull rope 11 and a floating air bag 12, the pull rope 11 is connected to two sides of the floating air bag 12, the floating air bag 12 comprises a central plate 121 and an air bag 122, air holes 1211 penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the central plate 121 are uniformly distributed on the surface of the central plate 121, a sleeve 1212 penetrating through the central plate 121 is coaxially connected to the center of the central plate 121, the annular air bag 122 is connected to the circumference of the central plate 121, and an air valve is arranged on the air bag 122;
the depth measuring part 2 is composed of a roller 21 and a measuring rod 22, the roller 21 is composed of two coaxial roller bodies with the same shape and size, a connecting shaft 211 is connected between the two roller bodies, the connecting shaft 211 is connected with the bottom end of the measuring rod 22, the top end of the measuring rod 22 penetrates through a sleeve 1212 from bottom to top, a water through hole 221 penetrating through the peripheral wall of the measuring rod 22 is arranged on the peripheral wall of the measuring rod 22 between the two roller bodies 21, the outer wall of the measuring rod 22 is coated with a conductive coating 222, the conductive coating 222 is a metal foil or a layered structure made of SE-88 nano carbon anticorrosion conductive paint, NX-202 silver copper conductive paint or pure silver conductive paint, the inner wall of one side of the measuring rod 22 is provided with a high-resistance wire 223 along the height direction, the high-resistance wire 223 is a known technology in the high-resistance wire 223 of CN 101223437B-moisture detection sensor, the surface of the high-resistance wire 223 and the inner wall, the super-hydrophobic coating layer 224 is of a coating structure made of ZS-511 nano self-cleaning coatings of Beijing Zhi Sheng Weihua chemical company Limited or super-hydrophobic coating nano materials of Jiangsu Yi Jingxing nano technology Limited, a plurality of conductive wires 2231 are arranged on the high-resistance wire 223 at intervals along the height direction, one end of each conductive wire 2231 faces to the axis of the measuring rod 22, the other end of each conductive wire 223passes through the super-hydrophobic coating layer 224 to be vertically connected with the high-resistance wire 223, and a plurality of inclined through holes 225 communicated with the outside of the measuring rod 22 are arranged on the inner wall of the measuring rod 22 opposite to the high-resistance wire 223 at intervals along the height direction;
the top end of the conductive coating 222 and the top end of the high-resistance wire 223 are both led out outwards to form a wire, the wires at the top end of the conductive coating 222 and the top end of the high-resistance wire 223 are respectively connected with any one of two testing wires of the resistance tester 3, and the two testing wires are respectively testing wires on the resistance measurement input terminal and the common input terminal; the lead at the top end of the conductive coating 222 is connected with a test line on the resistance measurement input terminal or the common input terminal, and when the lead at the top end of the conductive coating 222 is connected with the test line on the resistance measurement input terminal, the lead at the top end of the high-resistance lead 223 is connected with the test line on the common input terminal; the resistance tester 3, the high-resistance wire 223, the water and the conductive coating 222 form a measuring loop, the resistance tester 3 measures the sum of the resistances of the high-resistance wire 223, the conductive water body in the measuring rod and the conductive coating 222, and the resistances of the conductive water body in the measuring rod and the conductive coating 222 are too small and can be ignored relative to the resistance of the high-resistance wire 223, so that the value measured by the resistance tester 3 can be regarded as the resistance value of the high-resistance wire 223 above the water surface;
the central plate 121 is a rigid circular plate, the outer wall of the central plate 121 is connected to the inner wall of the air bag 122, when the floating portion 1 is placed on the water surface, the central plate 121 is in a horizontal state, and the sleeve 1212 is perpendicular to the central plate 121.
The measuring rod 22 is a tubular body made of insulating materials such as PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene) or PVC (polyvinyl chloride).
The bottom end of the measuring rod 22 is located at the center of the connecting shaft 211, the high-resistance lead 223 is equal to the measuring rod 22 in height, and the lowest conductive filament 2231 of the plurality of conductive filaments 2231 is flush with the bottom end of the measuring rod 22.
Each said tilted via 225 has an area not smaller than 1 cm.
The through hole 225 inclines downwards from the inner wall to the outer wall of the measuring rod 22, so that the influence of water level fluctuation on the water surface inside the measuring rod 22 is blocked and eliminated, and the water level inside the measuring rod 22 is consistent with the water level outside but the water surface fluctuates slightly.
The conductive wires 2231 are bare stainless steel fiber wires.
The length of the conductive filament 2231 is 1-1.5 mm.
The total resistance value across the high-resistance wire 223 is 10M Ω.
The multi-point measuring method of the pond underwater topography is applied to the multi-point measuring device of the pond underwater topography and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, measuring the total length L of the measuring rod 22;
measuring the radius r of the roller 21;
putting the multi-point measuring device for the underwater topography of the pond into the water of the pond, pulling the pull ropes 11 on two sides of the pond by people to enable the floating part 1 to drive the depth measuring part 2 to move at the bottom of the pond, reading a resistance value R (unit is M omega) on the resistance tester 3 every distance of movement according to the measurement requirement, and enabling the total resistance value at two ends of the high-resistance wire 223 to be 10M omega;
at this time, the resistance value below the water surface is: 10-R;
the proportion of the total length of the high-resistance wire 223 below the water surface in the high-resistance wire 223 is: (10-R)/10;
the length of the high resistance wire 223 below the water surface is: (10-R) L/10;
because the high resistance wire 223 is arranged on the measuring rod 22, the height of the high resistance wire 223 is equal to that of the measuring rod 22, and the bottom end of the measuring rod 22 is located at the axis of the connecting shaft 211, a distance of the radius of the roller 21 is arranged between the bottom end of the high resistance wire 223 and the bottom of the pond, so that the pond water depth H is as follows:
h = (10-R) L/10+ R; (10 in this formula is a total resistance value of 10 M.OMEGA. at both ends of the high-resistance wire 223)
Fourthly, the underwater topography of the pond can be drawn according to the contour line method after a plurality of times of moving measurement.
When using, dress is worn in unsteady portion 1 in the depth measurement portion 2, keep depth measurement portion 2 perpendicular and removal through unsteady portion 1, survey crew stimulates stay cord 11 can remove unsteady portion 1 and drive depth measurement portion 2 and remove onshore, the migration distance is accurate, the surface of water location is accurate, resistance tester 3 uses the wire to connect depth measurement portion 2, resistance tester 3 is located onshore, resistance tester 3 has the digital display function, consequently, do not need personnel to launch the water and measure, can read onshore, can accomplish work through simple mathematical computation, survey crew's personal safety has been guaranteed.
The depth measuring part 2 is provided with a high-resistance wire 223, the resistance tester 3, the high-resistance wire 223, water and the conductive coating 222 to form a measuring loop, the resistance tester 3 measures the sum of the resistances of the high-resistance wire 223, the conductive water body in the measuring rod and the conductive coating 222, and the resistances of the conductive water body in the measuring rod and the conductive coating 222 can be ignored relative to the high-resistance wire 223, so that the value measured by the resistance tester 3 can be regarded as the resistance value of the high-resistance wire 223 above the water surface, the water surface height can be obtained through calculation, the measurement is accurate, and the error is small.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of disclosure without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device for measuring the underwater topography of the pond is characterized by comprising a floating part (1), a depth measuring part (2) and a resistance tester (3), wherein the floating part (1) is sleeved on the depth measuring part (2), and the depth measuring part (2) is connected with the resistance tester (3);
the floating part (1) consists of a pull rope (11) and a floating air bag (12), the pull rope (11) is connected to two sides of the floating air bag (12), the floating air bag (12) comprises a central plate (121) and an air bag (122), air holes (1211) penetrating through the upper surface and the lower surface of the central plate (121) are uniformly distributed on the surface of the central plate (121), a sleeve (1212) penetrating through the central plate (121) is coaxially connected to the center of the central plate (121), the annular air bag (122) is connected to the circumference of the central plate (121), and an air valve is arranged on the air bag (122);
depth measuring portion (2) comprise gyro wheel (21) and measuring staff (22), gyro wheel (21) are the wheel body of the same axle center of two shape sizes unanimity, are connected with connecting axle (211) between two wheel bodies, the bottom of measuring staff (22) is connected in connecting axle (211), sleeve pipe (1212) is passed from bottom to top in measuring staff (22) top, is located to have on measuring staff (22) perisporium between two gyro wheels (21) and runs through water hole (221) of measuring staff (22) perisporium, and measuring staff (22) outer wall coating has electrically conductive coating (222), there is high resistance wire (223) along the direction of height on measuring staff (22) one side inner wall, all coating on high resistance wire (223) surface and measuring staff (22) inner wall has super hydrophobic coating layer (224), is provided with a plurality of conductive silk (2231) along the direction of height interval on high resistance wire (223), conductive silk (2231) one end is towards measuring staff (22) axle center, The other end of the high-resistance conducting wire penetrates through the super-hydrophobic coating layer (224) to be vertically connected with a high-resistance conducting wire (223), and a plurality of inclined through holes (225) communicated with the outside of the measuring rod (22) are formed in the inner wall of the measuring rod (22) on the opposite side of the high-resistance conducting wire (223) at intervals along the height direction;
and the top end of the conductive coating (222) and the top end of the high-resistance wire (223) are both led out outwards to form wires, and the wires at the top ends of the conductive coating (222) and the high-resistance wire (223) are respectively connected with any one of the two testing lines of the resistance tester (3).
2. A pond water bottom topography multipoint measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that said central plate (121) is a rigid circular plate, the outer wall of said central plate (121) is attached to the inner wall of said air bag (122), when the floating part (1) is placed on the water surface, said central plate (121) is in a horizontal state, and said sleeve (1212) is perpendicular to said central plate (121).
3. A pond water bottom topography multipoint measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that said measuring rod (22) is a tubular body of insulating material.
4. The pond water bottom topography multipoint measuring device of claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the measuring rod (22) is located at the center of the connecting shaft (211), the high resistance wire (223) is at the same height as the measuring rod (22), and the lowest conductive wire (2231) of the plurality of conductive wires (2231) is flush with the bottom end of the measuring rod (22).
5. The device for multipoint measurement of pond water bottom topography according to claim 1, characterized in that each said tilted through hole (225) area is not smaller than 1 cm.
6. A pond water bottom topography multipoint measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that said through hole (225) is inclined downwards from the inner wall to the outer wall of the measuring staff (22).
7. The pond water bottom topography multipoint measuring device of claim 1, wherein said conductive filaments (2231) are bare stainless steel fiber filaments.
8. The device for measuring the underwater topography of the pond according to claim 7, wherein the length of the conductive wire (2231) is 1-1.5 mm.
9. The pond water bottom topography multipoint measuring device of claim 7, wherein said high resistance wire (223) has a total resistance value of 10 Μ Ω across.
10. A method for multipoint measurement of pond underwater topography, which is applied to the device for multipoint measurement of pond underwater topography according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, measuring the total length L of a measuring rod (22);
then measuring the radius r of the roller (21);
the multi-point measuring device for the underwater topography of the pond is placed in water of the pond, a person pulls pull ropes (11) on two sides of the pond, the floating part (1) drives the depth measuring part (2) to move at the bottom of the pond, one resistance value R on the resistance tester (3) is read every distance of movement according to measurement requirements, and the total resistance value of two ends of a high-resistance wire (223) is 10M omega;
the corresponding pond water depth H at this time:
H=（10-R）L/10+r；
and drawing a pond water bottom topographic map according to a contour line method after multiple times of moving measurement.
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| CN202010070939.0A CN111189510B (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Pond underwater topography multi-point measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN202010070939.0A CN111189510B (en) | 2020-01-21 | 2020-01-21 | Pond underwater topography multi-point measuring device and measuring method |
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| CN111189510B true CN111189510B (en) | 2021-04-23 |
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| CN111595391B (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2022-02-08 | 郑州大学 | Portable multifunctional flowmeter |
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