CN111188326A

CN111188326A - Rotary ship lock capable of passing fish and use method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111188326A
Application number: CN202010051281.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐波; 贾怀军; 李占超; 侯会静; 夏辉; 江飞龙; 吕和品; 周秉南
Original assignee: Yangzhou University
Current assignee: Yangzhou University
Priority date: 2020-01-17
Filing date: 2020-01-17
Publication date: 2020-05-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-17
Also published as: CN111188326B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a rotary ship lock capable of passing fish and a using method thereof. The gate comprises an upper gate head, a gate chamber and a lower gate head, and is characterized in that a group of rotary gates are respectively arranged in the upper gate head and the lower gate head, each group of rotary gates comprises a left gate and a right gate, and the left gate and the right gate comprise a central shaft controlled to rotate by a driving device and a plurality of gate wings arranged on the central shaft; the central shaft rotation of the left and right gates in the upper gate head or the lower gate head is controlled, so that the gate wing in the left gate keeps a distance with the gate wing in the corresponding right gate, or one gate wing in the left gate is in contact with and sealed with one gate wing in the corresponding right gate. The invention combines the rotary ship lock and the fishway into a whole, thereby not only reducing the investment cost of fishway engineering construction, solving the problems of large occupied area and large design difficulty of fishway construction, but also realizing various functions of navigation, fish passing, water retaining, flood driving and the like.

Description

Rotary ship lock capable of passing fish and use method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a rotary ship lock capable of passing fish and a using method thereof.

Background

The ship lock is an important way for solving the problem of water navigation after the river-blocking building is built, and is also an important component of the river-blocking building. The ship navigation is realized by the ship lock through water delivery into the lock chamber, water drainage out of the lock chamber and opening and closing of the upstream and downstream gates. After the river-blocking building is built, the ship lock becomes an important channel for communicating water bodies upstream and downstream, and therefore the ship lock has a potential condition of becoming a fish migration channel. If the ship lock is upgraded and modified and additional devices are added, fish passing through the ship lock can be realized. The fish is crossed by utilizing the ship lock, so that the cost for independently constructing the fishway can be reduced, the problem of large occupied area of the fishway can be solved, the utilization rate of the ship lock is improved, and the ship lock has more benefits.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a rotary ship lock capable of passing fish and a using method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the invention provides a rotary ship lock capable of passing fish, which comprises an upper lock head, a lock chamber and a lower lock head and is characterized in that a group of rotary gates are respectively arranged in the upper lock head and the lower lock head, each group of rotary gates comprises a left gate and a right gate, the left gate comprises a central shaft controlled to rotate by a driving device and a plurality of gate wings arranged on the central shaft, and the right gate comprises a central shaft controlled to rotate by the driving device and a plurality of gate wings arranged on the central shaft; the central shaft rotation of the left and right gates in the upper gate head or the lower gate head is controlled, so that the gate wing in the left gate keeps a distance with the gate wing in the corresponding right gate, or one gate wing in the left gate is in contact with and sealed with one gate wing in the corresponding right gate.

Preferably, the gate wing of left gate, the gate wing quantity of right gate are three, and one gate wing in left gate and the right gate is collapsible gate wing, is controlled collapsible gate wing by gate wing actuating mechanism and is overturn to the bank wall direction that corresponds the gate head.

Preferably, the door wing is provided with an air bag at one end far away from the central shaft, and the air bag is used for sealing water with a corresponding shore wall and sealing water or draining water between the corresponding door wings.

Preferably, a groove is formed in the door wing of the right gate and used for placing the outer side end of the door wing of the left gate, and the corresponding groove is matched with an air bag at the outer side end of the door wing, so that the purpose of water stopping is achieved.

Preferably, the quay walls at the upper brake head and the lower brake head are arc-shaped.

Preferably, one side of each door wing is provided with a semi-circular thin wall for carrying fishes and protecting the door wings; one end of the semi-arc thin wall is connected with the corresponding door wing, and a gap is reserved between the other end of the semi-arc thin wall and the corresponding door wing.

Preferably, the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall of the ship lock are both provided with maintenance lock slots, and maintenance gates are arranged in the maintenance lock slots.

Preferably, the lock chamber is in a funnel shape with a large upper part and a small lower part from the upstream direction to the downstream direction, so that the lock chamber can conform to the flow direction of water, the scouring of the side wall of the ship lock is reduced, and a better flow state is provided for fishes.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for using a rotary ship lock capable of passing fish, comprising the steps of:

1) and navigation working conditions: taking the upstream to the downstream as an example, the following steps are taken to operate:

the method comprises the following steps: at the upper and lower brake heads, the foldable door wings are turned and folded towards the corresponding quay wall direction through the door wing driving mechanism; then, the central shaft is driven to make the door wings of the left and right gates in the upper and lower gate heads contact to close the rotary gates in the upper and lower gate heads; the air bag is inflated to stop water between the quay wall and the door wings which are contacted with the quay wall, and stop water between the pair of door wings which are contacted with the quay wall; then, the air pressure of the air bags of the pair of door wings which are contacted with each other in the upper brake head is adjusted, so that the upstream water flow flows into the brake chamber from the gap between the air bags of the pair of door wings which are contacted with each other, and the water level in the brake chamber is kept equal to the upstream water level;

step two: the ship enters the lock chamber by rotating the left gate in the upper lock head clockwise and rotating the right gate in the upper lock head anticlockwise, and opening the left gate and the right gate;

step three: the left gate and the right gate in the upper gate head are closed by rotating, and the air pressure of an air bag of a pair of door wings which are contacted with the left gate and the right gate in the upper gate head is adjusted, so that upstream water flow cannot enter a gate chamber; then, water flows out of the lock chamber from the air bag gap by adjusting the air pressure of the air bags of a pair of door wings which are contacted with the left gate and the right gate in the lower lock head, so that the water level in the lock chamber is kept equal to the downstream;

step four: the left gate and the right gate are opened by rotating the left gate in the lower gate head clockwise and rotating the right gate in the lower gate head anticlockwise, so that the ship can run to the downstream, and navigation is realized at one time;

navigation of the vessel from downstream to upstream is reversed from the above-described process;

2) and flood operation condition:

the foldable gate wings are turned and folded through the gate wing driving mechanism, and then the maximum distance is kept between the corresponding left gate and the right gate through rotating the gates, so that the maximum flood passing space is obtained;

3) and a fish passing working condition:

when migratory fishes pass through the ship lock, the following steps are adopted to realize fish passing:

the method comprises the following steps: the rotary gate at the head of the upper gate is in a closed and water-stopping state; the foldable gate wings on the left gate and the right gate at the head of the lower gate are turned and folded through the gate wing driving mechanism, and then the left gate and the right gate at the head of the lower gate are kept at the maximum distance through rotating the gates, so that the maximum water flow channel is obtained;

step two: the air pressure of an air bag of a pair of door wings which are contacted with the upper gate head is adjusted, so that upstream water flows into the gate chamber from air bag gaps, different flow rates are generated by different gap sizes, and the flow rates are gradually distributed in the gate chamber;

step three: when the water flow is controlled to be within the adaptation range of migratory fishes, the fishes can be gathered near the left gate and the right gate at the head of the upper gate;

step four: by rotating the central shaft, a pair of gate wings in the left gate and the right gate at the head of the lower gate are contacted and are matched with the air bag to stop water, so that water flow cannot flow out of the gate chamber;

step five: when the upstream water level is close to the water level of the gate chamber, the left gate of the upper gate head is rotated clockwise, and the right gate of the upper gate head is rotated anticlockwise, so that the fishes enter an upstream river channel, and the fish passing is realized at one time;

4) and water retaining working conditions:

by rotating the central shaft, a pair of door wings in the left and right gates at the head of the upper and lower gates are contacted and water is stopped by matching the air bag, so that a gap between the contacted door wings is watertight;

5) and overhauling the working condition:

when the ship lock structure needs to be overhauled, the overhaul gate is closed and the water in the lock chamber is emptied, so that the ship lock structure can be overhauled conveniently.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. the rotary ship lock and the fishway are combined into a whole, so that the investment cost of fishway engineering construction is reduced;

2. the problems of large occupied area and large design difficulty in fishway construction are solved;

3. meanwhile, the passing property and the environmental isolation of buildings are considered;

4. the spacious design creates a luxurious atmosphere, which can be called as a pen for touching the eyes of a building;

5. the opening state and the closing state of the rotary gate exist at the same time;

6. breaks through the mode that the flow rate of the traditional fishway is unstable and only one flow rate can be provided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a rotary lock capable of passing fish;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a right gate structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a vessel and fish;

4-1, 4-2, 4-3 are schematic diagrams of the ship passing condition;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a flood condition;

6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 are schematic diagrams of fish passing conditions;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a water retaining condition;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an inspection condition;

in the figure: 1-upstream navigation wall, 2-upper gate head, 3-upstream left gate, 31-upstream left gate center axis, 32-upstream left gate flap, 33-upstream left gate semi-circular arc thin wall, 4-upstream right gate, 41-upstream right gate center axis, 42-upstream right gate flap, 43-upstream right gate semi-circular arc thin wall, 5-downstream left gate, 51-downstream left gate center axis, 52-downstream left gate flap, 53-downstream left gate semi-circular arc thin wall, 6-downstream right gate, 61-downstream right gate center axis, 62-downstream right gate flap, 63-downstream right gate semi-circular arc thin wall, 7-downstream navigation wall, 8-downstream gate chamber, 9-lower gate head, 10-access gate slot, 11-access gate, 12-air bag, 13-groove, 14-door wing driving mechanism, 15-fish, 16-boat.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical embodiments and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to specific examples below.

As shown in fig. 1-8, the rotary ship lock capable of passing fish provided by the present invention has a set of rotary gates respectively arranged in the upper lock head and the lower lock head, and each set of rotary gates comprises a left gate and a right gate. The gate (upstream left gate 3, upstream right gate 4, downstream left gate 5, downstream right gate 6) comprises a central shaft (31, 41, 51, 61) and three gate wings (32, 42, 52, 62) arranged on the central shaft (31, 41, 51, 61), and semicircular arc thin walls (33, 43, 53, 63) arranged on the gate wings.

The

gates

3, 5 have the same construction, the

gates

4, 6 have the same construction, and the

gates

3, 5 differ from the

gates

4, 6 in that the end of the

gates

4, 6 remote from the

central axis

41, 61 is provided with a recess 13 (as shown in fig. 2) at an end 1/5. The central shaft is controlled in rotation by a drive means which may be a servo motor.

The air bag 12 is arranged in one end of each door wing (32, 42, 52, 62) far away from the central shaft (31, 41, 51, 61) and is used for stopping water with the corresponding shore wall and stopping or discharging water between the corresponding door wings.

All the gates (3, 4, 5, 6) are provided with a foldable door wing for forming a middle wide channel. The folding door leaf is driven to fold by a door leaf drive mechanism 14. The door wing driving mechanism can drive the rotating shaft by the motor to enable the folding door wing to be turned and folded.

One side of each door wing (32, 42, 52, 62) is provided with a semi-circular thin wall (33, 43, 53, 63) for carrying fishes and protecting the door wings. One end of the semi-arc thin wall is connected with the corresponding door wing, and a gap is reserved between the other end of the semi-arc thin wall and the corresponding door wing.

And a groove 13 is formed in the position, away from the end 1/5, of one end of each door wing (42, 62) on the right gate (4, 6) far away from the central shaft (41, 61), and is used for matching with an air bag for stopping water. The corresponding groove is matched with the air bag at the outer side end of the door wing, so that the aim of stopping water is fulfilled.

And the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 7 of the ship lock are both provided with an overhaul gate slot 10 and an overhaul gate 11.

The specific implementation steps of the invention under different operating conditions are as follows:

firstly, navigation working conditions:

as shown in fig. 4-1 to 4-3, when there is a need for a vessel 16 to pass through a river course, for example, from upstream to downstream, a rotary lock combined with a fishway described herein operates by the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: folding the foldable door wing through the door wing driving mechanism 14, then closing the gate 3, the gate 4, the gate 5 and the gate 6, and then adjusting the air pressure of the air bags 12 on the door wings of the gate 3 and the gate 4 to enable water flow to flow into the gate chamber 8 from the air bags 12 gap, so that the water level in the gate chamber 8 is equal to the upstream, as shown in figure 4-1;

step two: vessel 16 is brought into lock chamber 8 by rotating gate 3 clockwise, rotating gate 4 counterclockwise, opening gate 3 and gate 4, as shown in fig. 4-2;

step three: the water level in the lock chamber 8 is equal to the downstream water level by closing the gate 3 and the gate 4 by rotating and adjusting the air pressure of the air bags 12 on the wings of the gate 3 and the gate 4 to prevent the upstream water flow from entering the lock chamber 8, and then by adjusting the air pressure of the air bags 12 on the wings of the gate 5 and the gate 6 to enable the water flow to flow out of the lock chamber 8 from the air bags 12.

Step four: by rotating gate 5 clockwise, rotating gate 6 counterclockwise, opening gate 5 and gate 6, vessel 16 is driven downstream, as shown in fig. 4-3, so that a navigation is achieved;

navigation of the vessel from downstream to upstream is the reverse of the above described process.

II, flood operation condition:

as shown in fig. 5, when the natural river has the demand of flood discharge and drainage during the flood season:

folding the foldable door wings on the gates (3, 4, 5, 6) through the door wing driving mechanism 14, and then obtaining the maximum flood space through rotating the gates (3, 4, 5, 6);

thirdly, fish passing working condition:

as shown in fig. 6-1 to 6-4, when migratory fish 15 pass through the ship lock, a multifunctional ship lock combined with a fishway performs fish passing by adopting the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the foldable door wings on the gates (5, 6) are folded by the door wing driving mechanism 14, and then the largest water flow channel is obtained by rotating the gates (5, 6), as shown in fig. 6-1;

step two: the air pressure of the air bags 12 on the wings of the gate 3 and the gate 4 is adjusted, so that water flows into the gate chamber 8 from gaps of the air bags 12, different flow rates are generated due to different sizes of the gaps, and the flow rates are gradually distributed in the gate chamber 8;

step three: when the water flow is controlled to be within the adaptation range of the migratory fishes 15, the fishes 15 can be gathered near the gate 3 and the gate 4, as shown in fig. 6-2;

step four: the water flow can not flow out of the lock chamber by rotating and closing the gate 5 and the gate 6 and adjusting the air pressure of the air bags 12 on the door wings of the gate 5 and the gate 6, as shown in figure 6-3;

step five: when the upstream water level is close to the water level of the lock chamber 8, the gate 3 is rotated clockwise, and the gate 4 is rotated anticlockwise, so that the fishes 15 enter an upstream river channel, as shown in fig. 6-4, and the fish passing is realized at one time;

fourthly, under the water retaining working condition:

as shown in fig. 7, when the river barrage building has a need to hold river water: rotating and closing the gate 3 and the gate 4, rotating and closing the gate 5 and the gate 6, and adjusting all the air bags 12 to make the gap watertight;

fifthly, maintenance working conditions are as follows:

when the ship lock structure needs to be serviced, the service gate 11 is closed and the water in the lock chamber is emptied for servicing, as shown in fig. 8.

The invention has been described in considerable detail with reference to certain embodiments and examples, but is not limited thereto and all changes and modifications that can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention are intended to be embraced therein.

Claims

1. A rotary ship lock capable of passing fish comprises an upper lock head, a lock chamber and a lower lock head and is characterized in that a group of rotary gates are arranged in the upper lock head and the lower lock head respectively, each group of rotary gates comprises a left gate and a right gate, the left gate comprises a central shaft controlled to rotate by a driving device and a plurality of gate wings arranged on the central shaft, and the right gate comprises a central shaft controlled to rotate by the driving device and a plurality of gate wings arranged on the central shaft; the central shaft rotation of the left and right gates in the upper gate head or the lower gate head is controlled, so that the gate wing in the left gate keeps a distance with the gate wing in the corresponding right gate, or one gate wing in the left gate is in contact with and sealed with one gate wing in the corresponding right gate.

2. The rotary ship lock capable of passing fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the wings of the left gate and the number of the wings of the right gate are three, one of the left gate and the right gate is a foldable wing, and the foldable wing is controlled by a wing driving mechanism to turn towards the bank wall corresponding to the lock head.

3. The rotary fish lock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wings are provided with air bags at ends remote from the central shaft for stopping water from the corresponding quay wall and for stopping or discharging water between the corresponding wings.

4. The rotary ship lock capable of passing fish as claimed in claim 3, wherein the right gate has a recess at the wing for placing the outer end of the left gate, and the corresponding recess is matched with the air bag at the outer end of the wing to stop water.

5. The rotary ship lock for fish of claim 1, wherein the quay walls of the upper and lower lock heads are arc-shaped.

6. The rotary ship lock capable of passing fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein one side of all the door wings is provided with a semi-circular thin wall for carrying fish and protecting the door wings; one end of the semi-arc thin wall is connected with the corresponding door wing, and a gap is reserved between the other end of the semi-arc thin wall and the corresponding door wing.

7. The rotary ship lock capable of passing fish as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall of the ship lock are provided with access lock slots, and access gates are arranged in the access lock slots.

8. The rotary fish lock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chamber is funnel shaped with a larger top and a smaller bottom in the plane from upstream to downstream to conform to the direction of water flow.

9. Use of a rotary lock for fish passage according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

2) and flood operation condition:

3) and a fish passing working condition:

4) and water retaining working conditions:

5) and overhauling the working condition: