CN111187998B - Method for regulating and controlling grain structure of ZK60 deformed magnesium alloy and improving performance - Google Patents
Method for regulating and controlling grain structure of ZK60 deformed magnesium alloy and improving performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN111187998B CN111187998B CN202010104518.5A CN202010104518A CN111187998B CN 111187998 B CN111187998 B CN 111187998B CN 202010104518 A CN202010104518 A CN 202010104518A CN 111187998 B CN111187998 B CN 111187998B
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wrought magnesium alloys, and particularly provides a method for regulating and controlling a grain structure and improving performance of a ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy. The method comprises the steps of carrying out solution treatment on the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy to be treated, then carrying out stepped heating pre-aging treatment, and then carrying out extrusion treatment. The method can effectively regulate and control the grain size of the ZK60 magnesium alloy by adding the step-type pre-aging treatment, obviously improve the strength and plasticity of the material, fully explore the advantages of low density and high specific strength of ZK60, realize the core problems of the ZK60 magnesium alloy in the popularization and application of new energy passenger cars and the light weight of automobiles, and lay a foundation for the realization of the popularization and application of the ZK60 magnesium alloy in new energy passenger cars.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wrought magnesium alloys, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling grain structure and improving performance of ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy.
Background
The information in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
In recent years, the automobile industry has rapidly developed in the fields of structural design, component manufacturing and assembly, etc., and has also caused a series of problems such as energy waste and environmental pollution. In order to alleviate the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems, the automobile is mainly lightened, namely the weight of the automobile is reduced, and the energy consumption and pollutant emission are reduced. The means for reducing the weight of an automobile mainly include: optimized design of automobile structure and application of novel lightweight automobile material. Currently, magnesium alloys are the lightest metal engineering structural materials in engineering applications, and can replace plastics, aluminum alloys and steelThe density of the parts is 1.75-1.85 g/cm31/4 which is about iron and 2/3 which is about aluminum, and the composite material is similar to plastic and has a series of advantages of high specific strength and specific rigidity, good heat conduction performance and the like. In addition, magnesium is one of the most abundant elements on the earth, accounts for about 2.35% of the earth crust mass, and more than 80% of magnesium alloy can be recycled. Therefore, the magnesium alloy is honored as a green engineering material with the most development prospect in the 21 st century, and has wide application prospect.
The ZK60 magnesium alloy is Mg-Zn-Zr series wrought magnesium alloy, is the highest one of strength and specific strength in commercial wrought magnesium alloy, and is widely concerned by domestic and foreign research institutions. At present, the magnesium alloy is gradually applied to manufacturing a main body frame of a new energy passenger car and can replace part of steel and aluminum alloy. However, the inventor finds that the strength of the magnesium alloy section bar under the existing process conditions is only about 320MPa, and is still obviously lower than that of high-strength steel and aluminum alloy, so that the section size of the section bar needs to be increased when a passenger car structural member is manufactured to meet the material quality requirement and ensure the long-term service safety of the structural member. However, increasing the size of the profile material may not fully exploit the advantage of low density of the magnesium alloy, and significantly reduce the weight reduction effect of the ZK60 magnesium alloy. Meanwhile, the size of the magnesium alloy section bar is increased, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the section bar is obviously improved, and the manufacturing cost of the material is seriously increased. Therefore, the core problem of ZK60 magnesium alloy in the popularization and application of new energy passenger cars and the aim of automobile light weight is difficult to solve.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a method for regulating and controlling the grain structure and improving the performance of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy, which achieves the purposes of regulating and controlling the grain size and obviously improving the alloy performance by adding stepped pre-aging treatment; the method provided by the invention can effectively regulate and control the crystal grain size of the ZK60 magnesium alloy, remarkably improve the strength and plasticity of the material, fully explore the advantages of low density and high specific strength of ZK60, realize the core problems of the ZK60 magnesium alloy in the popularization and application of new energy passenger cars and the light weight of automobiles, and lay a foundation for the realization of the popularization and application of the ZK60 magnesium alloy in new energy passenger cars.
Specifically, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a method for regulating and controlling the grain structure and improving the performance of ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy, which comprises the steps of carrying out solution treatment on the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy to be treated, then carrying out stepped temperature-rise pre-aging treatment, and then carrying out extrusion treatment.
In the embodiment of the invention, the step-type heating pre-aging treatment comprises low-temperature-section pre-aging and high-temperature-section short pre-aging, wherein the low-temperature-section pre-aging is carried out in two sections, respectively comprises pre-aging at the temperature of 110-190 ℃ for 45-60min, and then pre-aging at the temperature of 170-190 ℃ for 30-45 min; the high-temperature section pre-aging comprises pre-aging for 15-30min at the temperature of 220 ℃ and 240 ℃.
The invention determines the response relationship between the ZK60 deformation magnesium alloy heat treatment process, the extrusion deformation process and the grain structure and the alloy performance after the solid solution treatment and before the extrusion deformation by adding the step-type pre-aging process treatment (110 heat-preservation 130 ℃/45-60min +170 heat-preservation 190 ℃/30-45min +220 heat-preservation 240 ℃/15-30min), wherein, the short-time heat preservation (110 heat-preservation 130 ℃/45-60min +170 heat-preservation 190 ℃/30-45min) is carried out at the low temperature section, the dispersed uniform second phase can be effectively separated out, the high-temperature pre-aging time (220 heat-preservation 240 ℃/15-30min) is carried out at the same time, the second phase can not grow rapidly, the purposes of effectively regulating and controlling the grain size and improving the alloy performance are achieved, and the step-type pre-aging treatment process greatly shortens the high-temperature pre-aging time, the precipitated second phase is prevented from growing up, resources are saved, and the efficiency is improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is treated, and the stepped pre-aging treatment process is carried out after the conventional solution treatment and before the extrusion treatment, so that the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy can regulate and control the grain size and form a mixed grain structure, compared with the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy prepared by the conventional treatment process in the field, such as the process of only carrying out solution treatment and extrusion treatment and not carrying out pre-aging treatment, the tensile strength at room temperature can be improved by at least 50MPa, the yield strength can be improved by at least 60MPa, the elongation can be improved by at least 6%, the grains are more refined, and the alloy strength and the plasticity index also have obvious improvement and promotion; alternatively, the present invention contemplates other treatments, such as a one-stage pre-aging process, or a solution treatment and extrusion followed by a pre-aging process, which not only greatly reduces the pre-aging time, especially at high temperatures, but also still exhibits further refinement of the grain and further improvement in the alloy properties (including strength and ductility).
In some embodiments of the invention, the invention provides a solution treatment mode, wherein the solution treatment comprises the step of quenching the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy to be treated to room temperature after the temperature of 380-420 ℃ is kept for 8-12 hours.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the step-wise temperature-increasing pre-aging treatment comprises three steps, which are respectively: preaging at 120 deg.C for 60min, preaging at 180 deg.C for 30min, and preaging at 240 deg.C for 15 min. The ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy prepared under the condition has the advantages of finer grain size, better alloy performance and better effect.
In the embodiment of the invention, the pre-aging is carried out for 45-60min at the temperature of 110-130 ℃, then the temperature is raised to 170-190 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 30-45min, and then the temperature is raised to 240 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 15-30 min. The smooth temperature rise rate is beneficial to regulating and controlling the grain size and improving the alloy performance.
In some embodiments of the invention, the invention provides a mode of extrusion treatment, and the extrusion treatment comprises the step-shaped temperature-rise pre-aging treatment of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy, and the step-shaped temperature-rise pre-aging treatment is carried out after the step-shaped temperature-rise pre-aging treatment is carried out for 0.8-1.5 hours at the temperature of 280-320 ℃. During the extrusion treatment, the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 5-10 mm/s.
In the study of the present invention, it was found that the solution treatment method and the pressure treatment method, i.e., the solution treatment method, described in the above embodiment of the present invention are: the temperature is maintained at 380-420 ℃ for 8-12 hours, and then the steel is quenched to room temperature, and the extrusion treatment mode is as follows: the alloy is subjected to extrusion treatment after being subjected to heat preservation at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ for 0.8-1.5 hours, the extrusion ratio is 15, the extrusion speed is 5-10mm/s, and the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy prepared under the condition is combined with the stepped pre-aging treatment of the invention, so that the alloy has the advantages of finer grain size, controllable grain size and better mechanical property.
Specifically, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for regulating and controlling the grain structure and improving the performance of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy comprises the steps of maintaining the temperature of the to-be-treated ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy at 380-420 ℃ for 8-12 hours, quenching the alloy to room temperature, and then performing the step-type temperature-rising pre-aging treatment on the solution-treated ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy, wherein the process comprises: pre-aging at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ for 45-60min, heating to the temperature of 170-190 ℃ for 30-45min, heating to the temperature of 220-240 ℃, pre-aging at the temperature for 15-30min, preserving the heat of the pre-aged ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ for 0.8-1.5 h, and then performing extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 5-10mm/s, so that the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy with the regulated and controlled grain structure and improved performance is obtained.
In a second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy prepared according to the method described in the first aspect above, the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy prepared by the method of the present invention has finer alloy grains and superior alloy properties, especially mechanical properties, including strength and plasticity, etc., compared to the alloy that has not been pre-aged.
In some embodiments of the invention, the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is a mixed-grain structure: fine grain: 1-5 μm, coarse crystal: 50-200 μm, wherein the tensile strength of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is 350-380MPa, the yield strength is 300-340MPa, and the elongation is 18-22%.
In a third aspect of the invention, the invention also provides application of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy in the second aspect in the field of automobiles, particularly in new energy passenger cars. The ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy prepared by the method can effectively regulate and control the grain size of ZK60 magnesium alloy, remarkably improve the strength and plasticity of the material, fully explore the advantages of low density and high specific strength of ZK60, realize the core problems of popularization and application of ZK60 magnesium alloy in new energy passenger cars and the aim of light weight of automobiles, and facilitate the popularization and application of ZK60 magnesium alloy in new energy passenger cars.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects;
the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, by researching the response relationship between the ZK60 deformation magnesium alloy heat treatment process, the extrusion deformation process and the grain structure and the alloy performance, the response relationship between the ZK60 deformation magnesium alloy heat treatment process and the extrusion deformation process is determined, the step-type pre-aging process treatment (110-.
2. As a high-strength magnesium alloy, the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy has the section bar strength still obviously lower than that of high-strength steel and aluminum alloy, and cannot fully exert the advantages of low density and high strength ratio of the magnesium alloy when manufacturing structural parts. By adding the stepped pre-aging process, the conventional ZK60 magnesium alloy process is optimized, the grain size is regulated and controlled, the material strength is improved, and the advantages of low density and high strength ratio of the material are fully exerted, which is the key point for realizing the aim of light weight of the material.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:
fig. 1 is a metallographic microstructure diagram of a ZK60 magnesium alloy after different treatments, wherein the different treatments respectively correspond to: (a) solid solution, stepped pre-aging and extrusion process treatment; (b) solid solution and extrusion deformation treatment; (c) solid solution, first-stage pre-aging and extrusion treatment; (d) solid solution, extrusion and step-type pre-aging process treatment.
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a ZK60 magnesium alloy after different treatments, wherein the different treatments respectively correspond to the following steps: (a) solid solution, stepped pre-aging and extrusion process treatment; (b) solid solution and extrusion deformation treatment; (c) solid solution, first-stage pre-aging and extrusion treatment; (d) solid solution, extrusion and step-type pre-aging process treatment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The experimental procedures, in which specific conditions are not noted in the following examples, are generally carried out according to conventional conditions or according to conditions recommended by the manufacturers.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The reagents or starting materials used in the present invention can be purchased from conventional sources, and unless otherwise specified, the reagents or starting materials used in the present invention can be used in a conventional manner in the art or in accordance with the product specifications. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the methods of the present invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are intended to be exemplary only.
The ZK60 magnesium alloy is Mg-Zn-Zr series wrought magnesium alloy, is used as the one with the highest strength and specific strength in commercial wrought magnesium alloy, and has wide application prospect and market benefit. Generally, ZK60 is typically subjected to compressive deformation after solution heat treatment to form a large number of elongated grains with orientation features and some micron-scale equiaxed grains, as shown in fig. 1 b. The method of the invention adds three-stage step pre-aging process treatment between the solution treatment and the extrusion deformation of the wrought magnesium alloy ZK60, and the process comprises the following steps: aging at 110-130 ℃ for 45-60min and at 190 ℃ for 30-45min and at 240-220 ℃ for 15-30min, and precipitating a large amount of dispersed and distributed fine second phases at the matrix and the crystal boundary, regulating and controlling the grain size and improving the alloy performance. Wherein, the ZK60 magnesium alloy before being treated by the invention can adopt a commercial type, or can be prepared into ZK60 magnesium alloy by selecting proper raw materials through a method well known in the field; the solution treatment and the extrusion deformation treatment of the present invention may be performed in a manner conventionally used in the art.
In some embodiments of the invention, the composition of the ZK60 alloy prior to treatment by the method of the invention is shown in table 1, and the solution treatment is by: the temperature is maintained at 380-420 ℃ for 8-12 hours, and then the steel is quenched to room temperature, and the extrusion treatment mode is as follows: the alloy is subjected to extrusion treatment after being subjected to heat preservation for 0.8 to 1.5 hours at the temperature of 280 plus materials and 320 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 15, the extrusion speed is 5 to 10mm/s, and the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy prepared under the conditions has better mechanical property, the tensile strength can be improved by 5 to 50MPa, the yield strength can be improved by 10 to 70MPa, and the elongation can be improved by 0.5 to 6 percent.
In particular, in further embodiments of the present invention, when the process treatment of the present invention is performed using an alloy as shown in table 1, the solution treatment is performed in the following manner: keeping the temperature at 400 ℃ for 10 hours, quenching to room temperature, and then carrying out three-stage stepped pre-aging process treatment, wherein the process comprises the following steps: aging at 120 ℃ for 60min, aging at 180 ℃ for 30+240 ℃ for 15min, finally performing extrusion treatment, namely performing extrusion treatment after the preaged magnesium alloy is kept at 300 ℃ for 1 hour, wherein the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 5-10mm/s, the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy has better grain size and better mechanical property, the advantages of low density and high specific strength of ZK60 are fully discovered, and a foundation is laid for realizing the popularization and application of the ZK60 magnesium alloy in new energy passenger cars.
Specifically, the process of the present invention is exemplified by the following examples.
TABLE 1 compositional aspect of ZK60 alloy
| Element(s) | Zn | Zr | Mg |
| Mass hundredPercentage (%) | 4.5-6.5 | 0.45-0.90 | Balance of |
Example 1
A method of making a ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy, comprising the steps of:
1) smelting: heating pure magnesium, pure zinc and Mg-Zr intermediate alloy to 700-. And after the alloy is completely dissolved, fully stirring to ensure that the raw materials are evenly divided, standing and preserving heat for 20-30 minutes, and then casting into ingots to obtain ZK60, wherein the content of each main element in the alloy comprises: 5.8 wt% Zn, 0.5 wt% Zr, and the balance Mg
2) Machining: sawing the cast ingot, turning the skin and the like to a proper size.
3) Solution treatment: the ZK60 magnesium alloy of proper size in step 2) is kept at 400 ℃ for 10 hours and then quenched to room temperature.
4) Pre-aging treatment: the ZK60 magnesium alloy after solution treatment is subjected to stepped pre-aging process treatment, the process is divided into three sections, which are respectively: aging at 120 deg.C for 60min, at 180 deg.C for 30min, and at 240 deg.C for 15 min.
5) And (3) extrusion treatment: and (3) preserving the heat of the preaging magnesium alloy at 300 ℃ for 1 hour, and then carrying out extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 5-10 mm/s.
The ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is prepared after the steps are completed, the metallographic microstructure of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is shown in figure 1a, the scanning electron microscope structure of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is shown in figure 2a, and the mechanical property test results of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy are shown in table 2.
Example 2
In this embodiment, the method for preparing the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: and 3) directly carrying out extrusion treatment without carrying out pre-aging treatment after the solution treatment in the step 3). The metallographic microstructure of the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is shown in figure 1b, the scanning electron microscope structure of the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is shown in figure 2b, and the mechanical property test results of the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy are shown in table 2.
Example 3
In this embodiment, the method for preparing the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: carrying out one-stage pre-aging treatment after the solid solution treatment in the step 3), wherein the pre-aging treatment process comprises the following steps: aging at 240 deg.C for 15min, and extruding. The metallographic microstructure of the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is shown in figure 1c, the scanning electron microscope structure is shown in figure 2c, and the mechanical property test results are shown in table 2.
Example 4
In this embodiment, the method for preparing the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: after the step 3) of solution treatment, the step 5) of extrusion treatment is carried out, and then the step-type pre-aging treatment in the step 4) is carried out. The metallographic microstructure of the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is shown in figure 1d, the scanning electron microscope structure of the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is shown in figure 2d, and the mechanical property test results of the prepared ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy are shown in table 2.
Example 5 Performance testing
1. The results of the microstructural analysis are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
FIGS. 1 and 2 show the metallographic microstructure and SEM structure of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloys prepared in examples 1-4, respectively. The results show that, as shown in fig. 1(a), example 1 can separate out a second phase in dispersion distribution (as shown in fig. 2(a)) and obviously refine the grain size by adding three-stage stepwise pre-aging process treatment between the solution treatment and the extrusion deformation of the wrought magnesium alloy ZK60, and a mixed grain structure with obvious effect (fine grains: 1-5 μm, coarse grains: 50-200 μm) is obtained, while the grain structure in example 2 is obviously coarse (more than 100 μm) and the mixed grain structure is not obvious, as shown in fig. 1(b) and fig. 2 (b). In example 3, the pre-aging treatment temperature was high, the number of precipitated phases was small (see FIG. 2(c)), the crystal grain size was large as a whole (100 μm or more), and the mixed crystal grain structure was not conspicuous. As shown in fig. 1(d) and 2(d), in example 4, the pre-aging process was performed after the extrusion process, and the grain size was small (80 μm or less) as a whole, and the mixed grain structure was not significant.
Therefore, the results show that example 1 can effectively precipitate the second phase in dispersed distribution, refine the grain size and obtain obvious mixed grain structure.
2. The mechanical properties were analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 2.
The mechanical property testing method comprises the following steps: GBT228.1-2010 Metal Material tensile test Table 2 (data at room temperature)
| Process for the preparation of a coating | Tensile strength/MPa | Yield strength/MPa | Elongation/percent |
| Example 1 | 357 | 312 | 18.8 |
| Example 2 | 305 | 248 | 12.8 |
| Example 3 | 349 | 298 | 17.2 |
| Example 4 | 342 | 293 | 14.1 |
As shown in table 2, by adding the stepwise pre-aging process treatment between the solution treatment and the extrusion deformation of the wrought magnesium alloy ZK60 of example 2 (example 1), the mechanical properties of the wrought magnesium alloy ZK60 were significantly improved, wherein the strength was improved by about 50MPa (20%) and the plasticity was increased by about 50%. Compared with the examples 3 and 4, the strength and plasticity indexes of the example 1 are also obviously improved. The results show that the embodiment of the invention can effectively regulate and control the crystal grain size of the ZK60 magnesium alloy by adding the step-type pre-aging process treatment on the basis of the traditional process of the wrought magnesium alloy ZK60, obviously improve the strength and plasticity of the material, fully explore the advantages of low density and high specific strength of ZK60 and lay the foundation for realizing the popularization and application of the ZK60 magnesium alloy in new energy passenger cars.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
- The method for regulating and controlling the grain structure and improving the performance of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy comprises the steps of carrying out solution treatment on the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy to be treated, then carrying out stepped heating pre-aging treatment, and then carrying out extrusion treatment;the step-type heating pre-aging treatment comprises low-temperature-section pre-aging and high-temperature-section short pre-aging, wherein the low-temperature-section pre-aging is carried out in two sections, respectively comprises pre-aging at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ for 45-60min, and then pre-aging at the temperature of 170-190 ℃ for 30-45 min; the high-temperature section pre-aging comprises pre-aging for 15-30min at the temperature of 220 ℃ and 240 ℃.
- 2. The method for regulating and controlling the grain structure and improving the performance of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the step-type temperature-raising pre-aging treatment comprises three stages, which are respectively: preaging at 120 deg.C for 60min, preaging at 180 deg.C for 30min, and preaging at 240 deg.C for 15 min.
- 3. The method for regulating and controlling the grain structure and improving the performance of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises pre-aging at 110-130 ℃ for 45-60min, heating to 170-190 ℃ at 5-10 ℃/min, holding the temperature for 30-45min, and heating to 220-240 ℃ at 5-10 ℃/min, and holding the temperature for 15-30 min.
- 4. The method for regulating and improving the grain structure of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy as recited in claim 1, wherein the solution treatment comprises the step of quenching the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy to be treated to room temperature after the temperature is maintained at 380-420 ℃ for 8-12 hours.
- 5. The method for regulating and improving the grain structure and performance of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extrusion treatment comprises the step-wise heating and pre-aging treatment of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy, and the step-wise heating and pre-aging treatment is carried out after the step-wise heating and pre-aging treatment is carried out for 0.8-1.5 hours at the temperature of 280-320 ℃.
- 6. The method for regulating and improving the grain structure of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy according to claim 5, wherein in the extrusion treatment, the extrusion ratio is 15, and the extrusion speed is 5-10 mm/s.
- 7. The method for regulating and controlling the grain structure and improving the performance of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of preserving the heat of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy to be treated at 380-420 ℃ for 8-12 hours, then quenching the alloy to room temperature, and then carrying out the step-type heating pre-aging treatment on the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy after the solution treatment, wherein the process comprises the following steps: pre-aging at the temperature of 110-130 ℃ for 45-60min, heating to 190 ℃ for 170-190 ℃, pre-aging at the temperature for 30-45min, heating to 240 ℃ for 220-240 ℃, pre-aging at the temperature for 15-30min, preserving the heat of the pre-aged ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy at the temperature of 280-320 ℃ for 0.8-1.5 h, and then performing extrusion treatment, wherein the extrusion ratio is 15, the extrusion speed is 5-10mm/s, and thus obtaining the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy with regulated and controlled grain structure and improved performance.
- 8. The ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy prepared by the method for regulating and improving the grain structure and the performance of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy of any one of claims 1 to 7.
- 9. The ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy of claim 8, wherein the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is a mixed-grain structure with a fine-grained: 1-5 μm, coarse crystal: 50-200 μm, wherein the tensile strength of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy is 350-380MPa, the yield strength is 300-340MPa, and the elongation is 18-22%.
- 10. Use of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy of claim 8 or 9 in the automotive field.
- 11. The use of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy of claim 10 in the automotive field, wherein the use of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy in new energy passenger cars.
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