CN111182331A - Media data slicing method, system and storage medium - Google Patents
Media data slicing method, system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN111182331A CN111182331A CN201911026598.0A CN201911026598A CN111182331A CN 111182331 A CN111182331 A CN 111182331A CN 201911026598 A CN201911026598 A CN 201911026598A CN 111182331 A CN111182331 A CN 111182331A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23113—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving housekeeping operations for stored content, e.g. prioritizing content for deletion because of storage space restrictions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/232—Content retrieval operation locally within server, e.g. reading video streams from disk arrays
- H04N21/2326—Scheduling disk or memory reading operations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/239—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests
- H04N21/2393—Interfacing the upstream path of the transmission network, e.g. prioritizing client content requests involving handling client requests
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26258—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists for generating a list of items to be played back in a given order, e.g. playlist, or scheduling item distribution according to such list
Abstract
The invention provides a media data slicing method, a media data slicing system and a storage medium. In the invention, the slicing server does not need to download and slice the whole media data, but obtains the frame playing time length information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to generate the media slice list data, and when receiving the slice obtaining request of the client, the slicing server slices to obtain the requested media data slice, thereby shortening the first screen time length and improving the response speed.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of multimedia technologies, and in particular, to a method, a system, and a storage medium for media data slicing.
Background
Currently, a client acquires mp4 media data, generally acquires media slice list data (generally referred to as an M3U8 file), parses the M3U8 file to acquire slice addresses of all slice files of the media data corresponding to the M3U8 file, and downloads each slice file according to the acquired slice addresses. The time interval from the user initiating hls request to seeing the first picture (i.e. the first screen time) is the time consumed for downloading the whole mp4 media data, the slicing time and the response time, and is about 13s, the first screen time is long, and the user experience effect is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a technical scheme of media data slicing.
In a first aspect, a media data slicing method is provided, including:
acquiring a list acquisition request aiming at media data sent by a client, and acquiring frame playing duration information and position index information of a key frame of the media data according to the list acquisition request;
generating media slice list data corresponding to the media data according to the frame playing duration information and the position index information of the key frame, and returning the media slice list data to the client; the media slice list data comprises slice addresses of a plurality of media data slices;
acquiring a slice acquisition request initiated by the client based on the media slice list data;
and slicing the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data to generate the requested media data slice, and returning the media data slice to the client.
In one implementation, the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the generating of the media slice list data according to the frame playing duration information of the media data and/or the position index information of the key frame includes:
and if the key frame is included in the set slicing time length, generating the media slicing list data according to the frame playing time length information of the media data and the set slicing time length, wherein the media data slice comprises one or more frames, and the slicing time length of the media data slice is equal to the set slicing time length.
In yet another implementation, the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the generating of the media slice list data according to the frame playing duration information of the media data and/or the position index information of the key frame includes:
and if the key frame is not included in the set slicing time length, generating the media slicing list data, wherein the slicing time length of the media data slice is ended at the previous frame of the key frame, the media data slice comprises one or more frames, and the slicing time length of the media data slice is greater than the set slicing time length.
In another implementation, the acquiring, in response to a media slice list data acquisition request from a client, frame play duration information of media data and position index information of a key frame includes:
responding to a media slice list data acquisition request of a client, and downloading a media information set structure from a remote server, wherein the media information set structure comprises one or more media information structures;
and acquiring the frame playing duration information of the media data in a first media information structure body and acquiring the position index information of the key frame in a second media information structure body according to the size and the identification of the media information structure body.
In yet another implementation, before slicing the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquiring request and the media slice list data and generating the requested media data slice, the method further includes:
sending a media data request, wherein the media data request comprises a slice address requested by a client;
and receiving the media data, wherein the media data at least comprises the media data corresponding to the requested slice address.
In yet another implementation, the slice address includes at least one of: a type of media data slice, a start timestamp of the media data slice, and an end timestamp of the media data slice.
In a second aspect, a media data slicing method is provided, including:
responding to a first acquisition request of a slicing server, and sending frame playing duration information of media data and position index information of key frames to the slicing server;
receiving media slice list data sent by the slice server, wherein the media slice list data is generated according to frame playing duration information and/or position index information of key frames of the media data, and the media slice list data comprises identifiers of a plurality of media data slices;
responding to a media data request of the slicing server, wherein the media data request comprises a slicing address requested by a client, and returning media data to the slicing server, and the media data at least comprises media data corresponding to the requested slicing address.
In one implementation, sending frame play duration information of media data and position index information of a key frame to a slice server in response to a first acquisition request of the slice server includes:
and responding to a first acquisition request of the slicing server, and sending a media information set structure to the slicing server, wherein the media information set structure comprises one or more media information structures, the first media information structure comprises frame playing duration information of the media data, and the second media information structure comprises position index information of the key frame.
In a third aspect, a media data slicing apparatus is provided, including:
the system comprises a first acquisition unit, a second acquisition unit and a third acquisition unit, wherein the first acquisition unit is used for acquiring a list acquisition request aiming at media data sent by a client, and acquiring frame playing duration information and position index information of key frames of the media data according to the list acquisition request;
a generating unit, configured to generate media slice list data corresponding to the media data according to the frame playing duration information and the position index information of the key frame, where the media slice list data includes slice addresses of multiple media data slices;
a sending unit, configured to return the media slice list data to the client;
a second obtaining unit, configured to obtain a slice obtaining request initiated by the client based on the media slice list data;
the slicing unit is used for slicing the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data to generate the requested media data slice;
the sending unit is further configured to return the media data slice to the client.
In one implementation, the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the generating unit is configured to generate the media slice list data according to the frame playing duration information of the media data and the set slice duration if the key frame is included in the set slice duration, where the media data slice includes one or more frames, and the slice duration of the media data slice is equal to the set slice duration.
In yet another implementation, the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the generating unit is configured to generate the media slice list data if the key frame is not included in a set slice duration, where a slice duration of the media data slice ends at a frame previous to the key frame, where the media data slice includes one or more frames, and the slice duration of the media data slice is greater than the set slice duration.
In yet another implementation, the first obtaining unit includes:
the downloading unit is used for responding to a media slice list data acquisition request of a client and downloading a media information set structure from a remote server, wherein the media information set structure comprises one or more media information structures;
and the third acquisition unit is used for acquiring the frame playing duration information of the media data in the first media information structure body and acquiring the position index information of the key frame in the second media information structure body according to the size and the identification of the media information structure body.
In yet another implementation, the sending unit is further configured to send a media data request, where the media data request includes a slice address requested by a client;
the device further comprises:
a receiving unit, configured to receive the media data, where the media data at least includes media data corresponding to the requested slice address.
In yet another implementation, the slice address includes at least one of: a type of media data slice, a start timestamp of the media data slice, and an end timestamp of the media data slice.
In a fourth aspect, there is provided a media data slicing apparatus comprising:
the system comprises a sending unit, a slicing server and a processing unit, wherein the sending unit is used for responding to a first acquisition request of the slicing server and sending frame playing duration information of media data and position index information of key frames to the slicing server;
a receiving unit, configured to receive media slice list data sent by the slice server, where the media slice list data is generated according to frame play duration information of the media data and/or position index information of a key frame, and the media slice list data includes identifiers of multiple media data slices;
the sending unit is further configured to respond to a media data request of the slicing server, where the media data request includes a slicing address requested by a client, and return media data to the slicing server, where the media data at least includes media data corresponding to the requested slicing address.
In one implementation, the sending unit is configured to send a media information set structure to the slice server in response to a first obtaining request of the slice server, where the media information set structure includes one or more media information structures, where a first media information structure includes frame play time information of the media data, and a second media information structure includes position index information of the key frame.
In a fifth aspect, a media data slicing apparatus is provided, which includes an input device and an output device, and further includes:
a processor adapted to implement one or more instructions; and the number of the first and second groups,
a computer storage medium storing one or more instructions adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform a method according to any of the first or second aspects, or to perform a method according to any of the second or second aspects.
In a sixth aspect, there is provided a computer storage medium storing one or more instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform a method according to the first aspect or any of the first aspects, or to perform a method according to the second aspect or any of the second aspects.
In a seventh aspect, a media data slicing method is provided, which is applied to a media data slicing system, where the system includes a slicing server, a content distribution network node, and a remote server, and the method includes:
the slice server acquires a list acquisition request aiming at media data sent by a client side and sends a first acquisition request to a remote server, wherein the first acquisition request acquires frame playing duration information of the media data and position index information of a key frame;
the far-end server responds to the first acquisition request and sends frame playing duration information of the media data and position index information of the key frame to the slice server;
the slice server generates media slice list data corresponding to the media data according to the frame playing duration information and the position index information of the key frame, and returns the media slice list data to the client and the remote server; the media slice list data comprises slice addresses of a plurality of media data slices;
the slice server acquires a slice acquisition request initiated by the client based on the media slice list data;
the slicing server sends a media data request to the remote server or the content distribution network node, wherein the media data request comprises a slicing address requested by a client;
the remote server or the content distribution network node responds to the media data request and returns media data to the slicing server, wherein the media data at least comprises media data corresponding to the requested slicing address;
and the slicing server slices the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data to generate a requested media data slice, and returns the media data slice to the client.
In an eighth aspect, a media data slicing system is provided, comprising a slicing server, a content distribution network node and a remote server; the slice server is used for acquiring a list acquisition request aiming at media data sent by a client and sending a first acquisition request to a remote server, wherein the first acquisition request is used for requesting to acquire frame playing duration information and position index information of a key frame of the media data;
the far-end server is used for responding to the first acquisition request and sending frame playing duration information of the media data and position index information of the key frame to the slice server;
the slice server is further configured to generate media slice list data corresponding to the media data according to the frame play duration information and the position index information of the key frame, and return the media slice list data to the client and the remote server; the media slice list data comprises slice addresses of a plurality of media data slices;
the slice server is further used for acquiring a slice acquisition request initiated by the client based on the media slice list data;
the slicing server is further configured to send a media data request to the remote server or the content distribution network node, where the media data request includes a slicing address requested by a client;
the remote server or the content distribution network node is used for responding to the media data request and returning media data to the slicing server, wherein the media data at least comprises media data corresponding to the requested slicing address;
the slicing server is further configured to slice the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data, generate a requested media data slice, and return the media data slice to the client.
In one implementation, the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the slicing server is configured to generate the media slice list data according to the frame playing duration information of the media data and the set slicing duration if the key frame is included in the set slicing duration, where the media data slice includes one or more frames, and the slicing duration of the media data slice is equal to the set slicing duration.
In yet another implementation, the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the slicing server is configured to generate the media slice list data if the key frame is not included in the set slicing duration, where the slicing duration of the media data slice ends at a frame before the key frame, where the media data slice includes one or more frames, and the slicing duration of the media data slice is greater than the set slicing duration.
In yet another implementation, the slice server is configured to send the first acquisition request to a remote server in response to a media slice list data acquisition request of a client;
the remote server is used for sending a media information set structure to the slicing server, wherein the media information set structure comprises one or more media information structures, the first media information structure comprises frame playing time length information of the media data, and the second media information structure comprises a position index of the key frame;
the slicing server is further configured to obtain frame play duration information of the media data in a first media information structure according to the size and the identifier of the media information structure, and obtain position index information of the key frame in a second media information structure.
In yet another implementation, the slice address includes at least one of: a type of media data slice, a start timestamp of the media data slice, and an end timestamp of the media data slice.
The technical scheme of the media data slicing has the following technical effects:
the slicing server does not need to download and slice the whole media data, but obtains the frame playing time length information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to generate media slice list data, and when receiving a slice obtaining request of the client, the slicing server slices to obtain the requested media data slice, so that the first screen time length is shorter, and the response speed is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for downloading mp4 media data;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a media data slicing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a further media data slicing method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary mp4 media information structure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a media data slicing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another media data slice according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another media data slice according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in the schematic diagram of the system structure for downloading mp4 media data in fig. 1, the client 11 accesses a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) address to download the mp4 media data for playing, where the URL address corresponds to an address of a Content Delivery Network (CDN) node 12. If the parsed CDN node 12 caches the content of the response, returning a media data slice to the client 11; if the resolved CDN node 12 does not cache the responsive content, or if the cache has expired, it will go back to the origin station (remote server 13) for retrieval.
In the existing scheme, the client 11 initiates an hls (http live streaming) request, and hls is a dynamic rate adaptation technology and an open streaming media protocol stack. And the http is adopted to transmit the media data slices, so that the deployment is convenient, and the CDN nodes can cache the media data conveniently. When receiving a media slice acquisition request of the client 11 forwarded by the CDN node 12 or the remote server 13, the slice server 14 acquires the entire mp4 media data, performs slicing again to obtain a media slice ts, constructs media slice list data (an M3U8 file), and the slice server 14 returns the media slice list data to the client 11 through the CDN node 12 or the remote server 13. The client 11 then obtains the requested media data slice from the CDN node 12 or the remote server 13 according to the media slice list data. The time interval from the initiation of the hls request to the viewing of the first picture (i.e. the first screen time) of the user is the time consumed for downloading the whole mp4 media data, the slicing time and the response time, and is about 13s, the first screen time is long, and the user experience effect is affected.
The application provides a technical scheme of media data slicing, a slicing server does not need to download and slice the whole media data, but obtains the frame playing time length information of the media data and the position index information of a key frame to generate media slice list data, and when a slicing obtaining request of a client is received, the slicing server slices to obtain the requested media data slices, so that the first screen time length is short, and the response speed is improved.
The following describes in detail a technical solution of media data slicing provided by the present application with reference to specific embodiments:
as shown in fig. 2, a flow chart of a media data slicing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown, where the method may include:
s101, a client sends a list acquisition request aiming at media data to a slicing server.
The client is installed on the electronic device, and media data can be requested from the CDN node or a remote server through the client. Illustratively, the electronic device may be an electronic terminal with a media data downloading and playing function, such as any one of a mobile phone, an ipad, a personal computer, a smart television, and the like. The media data may be audio, video, audio-video or multimedia files.
The client detects a downloading instruction of the media data, wherein the downloading instruction comprises an identifier of the media data to be downloaded. Specifically, the client receives a trigger of a user on an icon of any one of the media data in the media data recommendation window, and generates a download instruction containing an identifier of the media data corresponding to the media data.
Before requesting a media data slice from the CDN node, the client sends a list acquisition request for media data to the slice server, where the list acquisition request is used to request media slice list data (generally referred to as an M3U8 file) from the slice server. The media slice list data may be understood as a list file containing slice addresses of a plurality of media data slices of the media data. The list retrieval request may include an identification of the media data to be downloaded.
For example, the M3U8 file includes:
#EXTM3U
#EXT-X-VERSION:3
#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:11.840000,
#EXTINF:10.000000,
a_+0_1563503899_0-900000_0.ts
#EXTINF:11.080000,
a_+0_1563503899_900000-1897200_1.ts
#EXTINF:11.840000,
a_+0_1563503899_1897200-2962800_2.ts
#EXTINF:11.600000,
a_+0_1563503899_2962800-4006800_3.ts
#EXTINF:11.280000,
a_+0_1563503899_4006800-5022000_4.ts
#EXTINF:10.880000,
a_+0_1563503899_5022000-6001200_5.ts
#EXTINF:11.680000,
a_+0_1563503899_6001200-7052400_6.ts
#EXTINF:10.560000,
a_+0_1563503899_7052400-8002800_7.ts
#EXTINF:11.320000,
a_+0_1563503899_8002800-9021600_8.ts
#EXTINF:10.720000,
a_+0_1563503899_9021600-9986400_9.ts
#EXTINF:7.280000,
a_+0_1563503899_9986400-10641600_10.ts
#EXT-X-ENDLIST
wherein, in the on-demand program, the M3U8 file contains all media data slices; in the live program, the M3U8 file contains 3-5 slice addresses and attribute information in different numbers, and updates the M3U8 file at regular time to obtain the latest media data slice. Therefore, only M3U8 of the on-demand video has the flag of # EXT-X-ENDLIST, indicating that the M3U8 file has ended. No such tag player will update the requesting M3U8 file periodically.
The above example includes the slice addresses of 10 media data slices, and the slice addresses of the 10 media data slices are arranged in the M3U8 file in the playing order of the media data slices. Taking the 10 th slice address a _ +0_1563503899_9986400-10641600_10.ts as an example, a represents the type of media data, where a represents an audio pure audio slice, v represents a pure media slice, and av represents an audio video slice. +0 indicates that the start timestamp of the mp4 file starts at 0. 1563503899, current system time (seconds), 9986400 corresponds to the timestamp in the mp4 file, the start timestamp of the slice of media data, 10641600 corresponds to the timestamp in the mp4 file, the end timestamp of the slice of media data, 10 is a subscript identifying the 10 th slice of media data.
And S102, the slice server sends a first acquisition request to a remote server according to the list acquisition request, wherein the first acquisition request is used for requesting to acquire the frame playing duration information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame.
And after receiving the list acquisition request, the slicing server acquires the frame playing duration information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame from a remote server, wherein the information is the basis for slicing the media data. The frame playing time length is used for recording the playing time length of each frame. A frame is a single image frame of the smallest unit in the media data, corresponding to each shot on a motion picture film. The frames appear as a grid or a marker on the time axis of the animation software. The key frame (I frame), which is equivalent to an original picture in a two-dimensional animation, refers to a frame where a key action in the movement or change of a character or an object is located, and is a frame that can be independently displayed, that is, data in the key frame is complete picture data. Animations from key frame to key frame can be created by software, called transition frames or intermediate frames.
And S103, the remote server sends the frame playing duration information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to the slicing server according to the first acquisition request.
The remote server stores various media data of the video data, wherein the various media data comprise frame playing duration information of the media data and position index information of key frames. Therefore, after receiving the first acquisition request, the remote server sends the frame playing duration information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to the slicing server.
And S104, the slice server generates media slice list data corresponding to the video number according to the frame playing duration information and the position index information of the key frame. Wherein the media slice list data comprises slice addresses of a plurality of media slices.
The frame playing duration information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame are the basis for slicing the media data, so that the slicing server can generate media slice list data corresponding to the number of videos according to the frame playing duration information and the position index information of the key frame. The media slice list data comprises slice addresses of a plurality of media slices, as shown in the above example.
And S105a, the slice server returns the media slice list data to the client.
And S105b, the slice server sends the media slice list data to a remote server.
And S106, the client sends a slice acquisition request to the slice server based on the media slice list data, wherein the slice acquisition request comprises the requested slice address.
After receiving the media slice list data sent by the slice server, the client analyzes the media slice list data, and acquires slice addresses of a plurality of media slices included in the media slice list data and a playing sequence of a slice file corresponding to the slice addresses. The client may request a CDN node or a remote server to obtain multiple media data slices of the media data at a time, or may send a slice obtaining request for each media data slice. Specifically, the client sends a slice acquisition request to the CDN node, and if the CDN node caches the media data, the CDN node sends the slice acquisition request to the slice server; and if the CDN node does not cache the media data, the client is instructed to send a slice acquisition request to the remote server, and the remote server sends the slice acquisition request to the slice server. The slice fetch request includes the requested slice address. The requested media data slice may be any one or more media data slices in the media data.
And S107, the slice server sends a media data request to the remote server according to the slice acquisition request.
In this embodiment, assuming that the CDN node does not cache the media data, the slice server sends a media data request to the remote server according to the slice acquisition request, where the media data request is used to download the media data.
And S108, the remote server returns the media data to the slicing server according to the media data request of the slicing server. The media data request comprises a slice address requested by a client, and the media data at least comprises media data corresponding to the requested slice address.
It will be appreciated that the slicing server may slice media data as it is downloaded from a remote server. Therefore, the media data returned by the remote server at least comprises the media data corresponding to the requested slice address.
And the slice server has transmitted the media slice list data to the remote server in S105b, the remote server can thus determine the media data corresponding to the requested slice address.
And S109, the slicing server slices the media data according to the slice address and the media slice list data in the slice acquisition request to generate the requested media data slice.
And the slicing server determines the starting frame and the ending frame of the requested media data slice according to the slice address and the media slice list data in the slice acquisition request, and then slices the media data to generate the requested media data slice.
And S110, the slice server sends the media data slice to the client according to the slice acquisition request.
According to the media data slicing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the slicing server does not need to download and slice the whole media data, but obtains the frame playing time length information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to generate the media slice list data, and when the slicing acquisition request of the client is received, the slicing server carries out slicing again to obtain the requested media data slice, so that the first screen time length is shorter, and the response speed is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, a flow chart of another media data slicing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is schematically illustrated, where the method may include:
s201, the client sends a list acquisition request aiming at the media data to the slice server.
The specific implementation of this step can refer to step S101 of the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
S202, the slice server sends a first acquisition request to a remote server according to the list acquisition request, wherein the first acquisition request is used for requesting to acquire the frame playing duration information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame.
The specific implementation of this step can refer to step S102 of the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
And S203, the remote server sends a media information set structure to the slicing server according to the first acquisition request, wherein the media information set structure comprises one or more media information structures, the first media information structure comprises frame playing duration information of the media data, and the second media information structure comprises position index information of the key frame.
The media information of the mp4 file is composed of many media information structures (called boxes), each containing different information, and the boxes are organized in a tree structure to constitute a media information set structure, as shown in fig. 4. Wherein, the meaning of the information contained in each box is shown in the following table 1:
table 1 meaning of information contained in each box of media information set architecture
Wherein, the first media information structure (DTS _ sample sequence number mapping table, Stts) includes the frame playing duration information of the media data, and the second media information structure (sync sample box, stss) includes the position index information of the key frame.
Specifically, the Stts includes fields having the meanings as shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 Stts contains the field meanings
The stss contains the field meanings as shown in the following table 3:
TABLE 3 stss contains the field meanings
And S204, the slicing server acquires the frame playing duration information of the media data in a first media information structure body and acquires the position index information of the key frame in a second media information structure body according to the size and the identification of the media information structure body.
And after receiving the media information set structure, the slicing server searches the Stts and stss structures according to the box size and the box name, so as to obtain the frame playing duration information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame.
S205a, if the key frame is included in a set slicing time length, generating the media slice list data according to the frame playing time length information of the media data and the set slicing time length, wherein the media data slice includes one or more frames, and the slicing time length of the media data slice is equal to the set slicing time length.
In this embodiment, the media data slice is a slice file with a key frame as a start frame, which ensures that the media data slice can be decoded and played normally.
A slicing duration, for example, 10s, according to which slicing is performed may be preset, and whether each frame is a key frame needs to be detected when slicing is performed, where the key frame is a starting frame of a slice of media data, that is, each slice of media data needs to start from the key frame.
And if the key frame is within the set slicing time length, the slicing time length of the generated media data slice is equal to the set slicing time length.
S205b, if the key frame is not included in the set slicing time length, generating the media slice list data, wherein the slicing time length of the media data slice is finished at the previous frame of the key frame, the media data slice comprises one or more frames, and the slicing time length of the media data slice is greater than the set slicing time length.
If the key frame is not included in the set slicing duration, the slicing duration of the media data slice may be greater than the set slicing duration until the previous frame of the key frame is finished.
For example, the following examples show:
| 8s P frame | 9s P frame | 10s P frame | 11s P frame | 12s P frame | 13s I frame | 14s P frame | 15s P frame | 16s P frame |
Assuming that the slicing time length is set to be 10s, the P frame is a common frame, and the I frame is a key frame, the slicing needs to be finished after the 12 th frame is finished during slicing, the slicing time length of the media data is 12s, and the slicing time length exceeds the set slicing time length. The next slice starts from the I frame (key frame) of 13 s.
Specifically, media slice list data is generated according to the frame play time length information of the media data and the set slice time length. For example, if 1s is about 25 frames, it can be known from the frame playback time length information of the media data that the frame number of the P frame of the 8 th s is 8 × 25 — 200, the frame number of the P frame of the 9 th s is 225, and so on. The information is indexed according to the location of the key frame, e.g., the key frame sequence number is 100, 325, 405 …. The 13 th s frame I (sequence number 325) may be determined to be a key frame and thus how slicing may be performed.
And S206a, the slicing server returns the media slicing list data to the client.
The specific implementation of this step can refer to step S105a in the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
And S206b, the slicing server sends the media slicing list data to a remote server.
The specific implementation of this step can refer to step S105b in the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
And S207, the client sends a slice acquisition request to the slice server based on the media slice list data, wherein the slice acquisition request comprises a requested slice address.
The step S106 of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 can be referred to for specific implementation of this step.
And S208, the slice server sends a media data request to the remote server according to the slice acquisition request.
The step S107 of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 can be referred to for specific implementation of the step.
And S209, the remote server returns the media data to the slicing server according to the media data request of the slicing server. The media data request comprises a slice address requested by a client, and the media data at least comprises media data corresponding to the requested slice address.
The specific implementation of this step can refer to step S108 of the embodiment shown in fig. 2.
And S210, the slicing server slices the media data according to the slice address and the media slice list data in the slice acquisition request to generate the requested media data slice.
The step S109 of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 can be referred to for specific implementation of this step.
And S211, the slice server sends the media data slice to the client according to the slice acquisition request.
The step S110 of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 can be referred to for specific implementation of this step.
According to the media data slicing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the slicing server does not need to download and slice the whole media data, but obtains the frame playing time length information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to generate the media slice list data, and when the slicing acquisition request of the client is received, the slicing server carries out slicing again to obtain the requested media data slice, so that the first screen time length is shorter, and the response speed is improved.
Based on the same concept of the aforementioned media data slicing method, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a media data slicing apparatus, which may be a slicing server in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 or fig. 3. As shown in fig. 5, the media data slicing apparatus 1000 includes: a first acquisition unit 11, a generation unit 12, a transmission unit 13, a second acquisition unit 14, and a slicing unit 15; a receiving unit 16 (shown in dashed lines) may also be included. Wherein:
a first obtaining unit 11, configured to obtain a list obtaining request for media data sent by a client, and obtain frame playing duration information and position index information of a key frame of the media data according to the list obtaining request;
a generating unit 12, configured to generate media slice list data corresponding to the media data according to the frame playing duration information and the position index information of the key frame, where the media slice list data includes slice addresses of multiple media data slices;
a sending unit 13, configured to return the media slice list data to the client;
a second obtaining unit 14, configured to obtain a slice obtaining request initiated by the client based on the media slice list data;
a slicing unit 15, configured to slice the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data, and generate a requested media data slice;
the sending unit 13 is further configured to return the media data slice to the client.
In one implementation, the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the generating unit 12 is configured to generate the media slice list data according to the frame playing duration information of the media data and the set slice duration if the key frame is included in the set slice duration, where the media data slice includes one or more frames, and the slice duration of the media data slice is equal to the set slice duration.
In yet another implementation, the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the generating unit 12 is configured to generate the media slice list data if the key frame is not included in the set slice duration, where the slice duration of the media data slice ends at a frame previous to the key frame, where the media data slice includes one or more frames, and the slice duration of the media data slice is greater than the set slice duration.
In yet another implementation, the first obtaining unit 11 includes:
the downloading unit 111 is configured to respond to a media slice list data acquisition request of a client, and download a media information set structure from a remote server, where the media information set structure includes one or more media information structures;
a third obtaining unit 112, configured to obtain, according to the size and the identifier of the media information structure, frame playing duration information of the media data in the first media information structure, and obtain, in the second media information structure, position index information of the key frame.
In yet another implementation, the sending unit 13 is further configured to send a media data request, where the media data request includes a slice address requested by a client;
the receiving unit 16 is configured to receive the media data, where the media data at least includes media data corresponding to the requested slice address.
In yet another implementation, the slice address includes at least one of: a type of media data slice, a start timestamp of the media data slice, and an end timestamp of the media data slice.
The above units can be implemented by referring to the related description of the slicing server in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 or fig. 3.
According to the media data slicing device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the slicing server does not need to download and slice the whole media data, but obtains the frame playing time length information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to generate the media slice list data, and when the slicing acquisition request of the client is received, the slicing server carries out slicing again to obtain the requested media data slice, so that the first screen time length is shorter, and the response speed is improved.
Based on the same concept of the aforementioned media data slicing method, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a media data slicing apparatus, which may be a remote server in the embodiment shown in fig. 2 or fig. 3. As shown in fig. 6, the media data slicing apparatus 2000 includes: a transmitting unit 21 and a receiving unit 22. Wherein:
a sending unit 21, configured to respond to a first acquisition request of a slice server, and send frame play duration information of media data and position index information of a key frame to the slice server;
a receiving unit 22, configured to receive media slice list data sent by the slice server, where the media slice list data is generated according to frame playing duration information and/or position index information of a key frame of the media data, and the media slice list data includes identifiers of multiple media data slices;
the sending unit 21 is further configured to respond to a media data request of the slicing server, where the media data request includes a slicing address requested by a client, and return media data to the slicing server, where the media data at least includes media data corresponding to the requested slicing address.
In one implementation, the sending unit 21 is configured to send a media information set structure to the slice server in response to a first obtaining request of the slice server, where the media information set structure includes one or more media information structures, where a first media information structure includes frame play time information of the media data, and a second media information structure includes position index information of the key frame.
According to the media data slicing device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the device sends the frame playing time length information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to the slicing server, so that the slicing server does not need to download the whole media data and slice the whole media data, but obtains the frame playing time length information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to generate media slice list data, and when a slice obtaining request of a client is received, the slicing server slices to obtain the requested media data slice, so that the first screen time length is shorter, and the response speed is improved.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another media data slicing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the media data slicing apparatus may correspond to the slicing server in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 or fig. 3; in another embodiment, the media data slicing apparatus may correspond to the remote server in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 2 or fig. 3. As shown in fig. 7, the media data slicing apparatus may include: the processor, the network interface and the memory, furthermore, the media data slicing apparatus may further include: a user interface, and at least one communication bus. Wherein the communication bus is used for realizing connection communication among the components. The user interface may include a Display screen (Display) and a Keyboard (Keyboard), and the selectable user interface may also include a standard wired interface and a standard wireless interface. The network interface may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface). The memory may be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory (e.g., at least one disk memory). The memory may optionally be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor. As shown in fig. 7, a memory, which is a kind of computer-readable storage medium, may include therein an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a device control application program.
In the media data slicing apparatus shown in fig. 7, the network interface may provide a network communication function; the user interface is mainly used for providing an input interface for a user; the processor may be configured to call a device control application program stored in the memory to implement the description of the media data slicing method in the embodiment corresponding to any one of fig. 2 and fig. 3, which is not described herein again. In addition, the beneficial effects of the same method are not described in detail.
It should be understood that the media data slicing apparatus described in the embodiment of the present invention may perform the description of the media data slicing method in the embodiment corresponding to any one of fig. 2 and fig. 3, and may also perform the description of the media data slicing apparatus 1000 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 5 or the media data slicing apparatus 2000 in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 6, which is not repeated herein. In addition, the beneficial effects of the same method are not described in detail.
Further, here, it is to be noted that: an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer-readable storage medium stores the aforementioned computer program executed by the media data slicing apparatus 1000 or the media data slicing apparatus 2000, and the computer program includes program instructions, and when the processor executes the program instructions, the description of the media data slicing method in any of the embodiments corresponding to fig. 2 and fig. 3 can be executed, so that details will not be repeated here. In addition, the beneficial effects of the same method are not described in detail. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the computer-readable storage medium according to the present invention, reference is made to the description of the method embodiments of the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A method for slicing media data, comprising:
acquiring a list acquisition request aiming at media data sent by a client, and acquiring frame playing duration information and position index information of a key frame of the media data according to the list acquisition request;
generating media slice list data corresponding to the media data according to the frame playing duration information and the position index information of the key frame, and returning the media slice list data to the client; the media slice list data comprises slice addresses of a plurality of media data slices;
acquiring a slice acquisition request initiated by the client based on the media slice list data;
and slicing the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data to generate the requested media data slice, and returning the media data slice to the client.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the generating the media slice list data according to the frame playing duration information and/or the position index information of the key frame of the media data comprises:
and if the key frame is included in the set slicing time length, generating the media slicing list data according to the frame playing time length information of the media data and the set slicing time length, wherein the media data slice comprises one or more frames, and the slicing time length of the media data slice is equal to the set slicing time length.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record the playing duration of each frame, and the generating the media slice list data according to the frame playing duration information and/or the position index information of the key frame of the media data comprises:
and if the key frame is not included in the set slicing time length, generating the media slicing list data, wherein the slicing time length of the media data slice is ended at the previous frame of the key frame, the media data slice comprises one or more frames, and the slicing time length of the media data slice is greater than the set slicing time length.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the acquiring, in response to a media slice list data acquisition request from a client, frame play duration information of the media data and position index information of the key frame includes:
responding to a media slice list data acquisition request of a client, and downloading a media information set structure from a remote server, wherein the media information set structure comprises one or more media information structures;
and acquiring the frame playing duration information of the media data in a first media information structure body and acquiring the position index information of the key frame in a second media information structure body according to the size and the identification of the media information structure body.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein before slicing the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data, and generating the requested media data slice, the method further comprises:
sending a media data request, wherein the media data request comprises a slice address requested by a client;
and receiving the media data, wherein the media data at least comprises the media data corresponding to the requested slice address.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the slice address comprises at least one of: a type of media data slice, a start timestamp of the media data slice, and an end timestamp of the media data slice.
7. A method for slicing media data, comprising:
responding to a first acquisition request of a slicing server, and sending frame playing duration information of media data and position index information of key frames to the slicing server;
receiving media slice list data sent by the slice server, wherein the media slice list data is generated according to frame playing duration information and/or position index information of key frames of the media data, and the media slice list data comprises identifiers of a plurality of media data slices;
responding to a media data request of the slicing server, wherein the media data request comprises a slicing address requested by a client, and returning media data to the slicing server, and the media data at least comprises media data corresponding to the requested slicing address.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein sending the frame playing duration information of the media data and the position index information of the key frame to the slicing server in response to the first obtaining request of the slicing server comprises:
and responding to a first acquisition request of the slicing server, and sending a media information set structure to the slicing server, wherein the media information set structure comprises one or more media information structures, the first media information structure comprises frame playing duration information of the media data, and the second media information structure comprises position index information of the key frame.
9. A media data slicing method applied to a media data slicing system, the system comprising a slicing server, a content distribution network node and a remote server, the method comprising:
the slice server acquires a list acquisition request aiming at media data sent by a client side and sends a first acquisition request to a remote server, wherein the first acquisition request acquires frame playing duration information of the media data and position index information of a key frame;
the far-end server responds to the first acquisition request and sends frame playing duration information of the media data and position index information of the key frame to the slice server;
the slice server generates media slice list data corresponding to the media data according to the frame playing duration information and the position index information of the key frame, and returns the media slice list data to the client and the remote server; the media slice list data comprises slice addresses of a plurality of media data slices;
the slice server acquires a slice acquisition request initiated by the client based on the media slice list data;
the slicing server sends a media data request to the remote server or the content distribution network node, wherein the media data request comprises a slicing address requested by a client;
the remote server or the content distribution network node responds to the media data request and returns media data to the slicing server, wherein the media data at least comprises media data corresponding to the requested slicing address;
and the slicing server slices the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data to generate a requested media data slice, and returns the media data slice to the client.
10. A media data slicing system comprising a slicing server, a content distribution network node and a remote server; the slice server is used for acquiring a list acquisition request aiming at media data sent by a client and sending a first acquisition request to a remote server, wherein the first acquisition request is used for requesting to acquire frame playing duration information and position index information of a key frame of the media data;
the far-end server is used for responding to the first acquisition request and sending frame playing duration information of the media data and position index information of the key frame to the slice server;
the slice server is further configured to generate media slice list data corresponding to the media data according to the frame play duration information and the position index information of the key frame, and return the media slice list data to the client and the remote server; the media slice list data comprises slice addresses of a plurality of media data slices;
the slice server is further used for acquiring a slice acquisition request initiated by the client based on the media slice list data;
the slicing server is further configured to send a media data request to the remote server or the content distribution network node, where the media data request includes a slicing address requested by a client;
the remote server or the content distribution network node is used for responding to the media data request and returning media data to the slicing server, wherein the media data at least comprises media data corresponding to the requested slicing address;
the slicing server is further configured to slice the media data according to the slice address in the slice acquisition request and the media slice list data, generate a requested media data slice, and return the media data slice to the client.
11. The system of claim 10, wherein the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record a playing duration of each frame, and the slicing server is configured to generate the media slice list data according to the frame playing duration information of the media data and the set slicing duration if the key frame is included in the set slicing duration, wherein the media data slice includes one or more frames, and the slicing duration of the media data slice is equal to the set slicing duration.
12. The system of claim 10, wherein the frame playing duration information of the media data is used to record a playing duration of each frame, and the slicing server is configured to generate the media slice list data if the key frame is not included in a set slicing duration, wherein a slicing duration of the media data slice ends at a frame previous to the key frame, wherein the media data slice includes one or more frames, and wherein the slicing duration of the media data slice is greater than the set slicing duration.
13. The system according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein:
the slice server is used for responding to a media slice list data acquisition request of a client and sending the first acquisition request to a remote server;
the remote server is used for sending a media information set structure to the slicing server, wherein the media information set structure comprises one or more media information structures, the first media information structure comprises frame playing time length information of the media data, and the second media information structure comprises a position index of the key frame;
the slicing server is further configured to obtain frame play duration information of the media data in a first media information structure according to the size and the identifier of the media information structure, and obtain position index information of the key frame in a second media information structure.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the slice address comprises at least one of: a type of media data slice, a start timestamp of the media data slice, and an end timestamp of the media data slice.
15. A computer storage medium having stored thereon one or more instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform a method according to any of claims 1 to 6 or to perform a method according to any of claims 7 to 8.
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