CN115297095A - Return source processing method and device, computing equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Return source processing method and device, computing equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115297095A
CN115297095A CN202210945821.7A CN202210945821A CN115297095A CN 115297095 A CN115297095 A CN 115297095A CN 202210945821 A CN202210945821 A CN 202210945821A CN 115297095 A CN115297095 A CN 115297095A
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file
media slice
media
index file
source
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CN115297095B (en
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李凯
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Shanghai Bilibili Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Bilibili Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210945821.7A priority Critical patent/CN115297095B/en
Publication of CN115297095A publication Critical patent/CN115297095A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/108946 priority patent/WO2024032363A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/06—Protocols specially adapted for file transfer, e.g. file transfer protocol [FTP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1095—Replication or mirroring of data, e.g. scheduling or transport for data synchronisation between network nodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a back source processing method, a back source processing device, a computing device and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving an index file request sent by a client, and forwarding the index file request to a source station server; receiving an index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the index file to the client; analyzing the index file, and initiating a source returning request for requesting at least one media slice file to a source station server under the condition that the index file contains a pre-cache label of the at least one media slice file; at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced; and receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server, and storing the at least one media slice file. By the method, the media slice file is returned to the source in advance, so that the media file request of the client can hit the content distribution system for storage, the streaming time of the client can be shortened, and the client blockage rate can be reduced.

Description

Back source processing method and device, computing equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of internet technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for processing a return source, a computing device, and a storage medium.
Background
In an HLS (HTTP Live Streaming, adaptive code rate Streaming media transfer protocol based on HTTP), a main broadcast end pushes a stream to a source station server, and the source station server produces the direct broadcast stream to obtain a media slice file and updates an index file after the media slice file is produced. When playing HLS live streaming, a client needs to request an index file first, and requests a content distribution system to download a corresponding media slice file according to the index file.
In the prior art, if a content distribution system does not store a media slice file requested by a client, the content distribution system returns a source to a source station server to download the media slice file, and returns the media slice file to the client after the download is completed, a source return link is complex, time consumption in a source return process is long, and the client which does not hit the media file request and is stored by the content distribution system needs to wait for source return processing, so that the streaming time is too long and live broadcast playing is blocked.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a method and an apparatus for processing a source return, a computing device, and a storage medium, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that a client that misses a media file request and is stored in a content distribution system needs to wait for the source return processing, which results in an excessively long stream pulling time and a pause in live broadcast.
According to one aspect of the application, a back source processing method is provided, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
receiving an index file request sent by a client, and forwarding the index file request to a source station server;
receiving an index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the index file to the client;
analyzing the index file, and initiating a source returning request for requesting at least one media slice file to a source station server under the condition that the index file contains a pre-cache label of the at least one media slice file; at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced;
and receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server, and storing the at least one media slice file.
Optionally, the receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server specifically includes: receiving at least one media slice file which is produced and transmitted back by a source station server;
after storing the at least one media slice file, the method further comprises: and after the production of at least one media slice file is finished, the source station server updates the index file, so that the media file list of the updated index file comprises the file name of at least one media slice file.
Optionally, after the source station server updates the index file, the method further includes:
receiving an index file request sent by a client, and forwarding the index file request to a source station server;
receiving an updated index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the updated index file to the client;
and receiving a media file request sent by the client based on the updated index file, and returning at least one stored media slice file to the client.
Optionally, the pre-cache tag records a file name of at least one media slice file.
Optionally, the receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server further comprises:
receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server through a communication link established by the source station server; wherein, the communication link is established by the source station server after receiving the request of returning to the source, and is disconnected after the production of at least one media slice file is finished.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a back source processing method, wherein the method includes:
receiving an index file request transmitted by a client and forwarded by a content distribution system, and returning an index file to the client through the content distribution system;
receiving a back-to-source request initiated by a content distribution system through analyzing an index file to obtain a pre-cache tag, wherein the back-to-source request is used for requesting at least one media slice file; at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced;
at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system for storage of the at least one media slice file by the content distribution system.
Optionally, the transmitting at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system specifically includes: at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system while producing;
the method further comprises the following steps: and after the production of at least one media slice file is finished, updating the index file, so that the media file list of the updated index file comprises the file name of at least one media slice file.
Optionally, the method further comprises: after receiving the back source request, establishing a communication link;
the transmitting at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system specifically includes: transmitting at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system via the communication link;
the method further comprises the following steps: and after the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, disconnecting the communication link.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a back source processing apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises:
the first transceiving module is suitable for receiving an index file request sent by a client and forwarding the index file request to a source station server;
the second transceiving module is suitable for receiving the index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request and forwarding the index file to the client;
the analysis module is suitable for analyzing the index file;
the system comprises a pre-source returning module, a source station server and a pre-source returning module, wherein the pre-source returning module is suitable for initiating a source returning request for requesting at least one media slice file to the source station server under the condition that an index file contains a pre-cache label of the at least one media slice file; at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced;
the media file transceiving module is suitable for receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server;
a storage module adapted to store at least one media slice file.
Optionally, the media file transceiver module is further adapted to: receiving at least one media slice file which is produced and transmitted back by a source station server;
after the at least one media slice file is stored and the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, the source station server updates the index file, so that the media file list of the updated index file comprises the file name of the at least one media slice file.
Optionally, the first transceiver module is further adapted to: after the source station server updates the index file, receiving an index file request sent by a client, and forwarding the index file request to the source station server;
the second transceiver module is further adapted to: receiving an updated index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the updated index file to the client;
the media file transceiver module further begins with: and receiving a media file request sent by the client based on the updated index file, and returning at least one stored media slice file to the client.
Optionally, the pre-cache tag records a file name of at least one media slice file.
Optionally, the media file transceiver module is further adapted to: receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server through a communication link established by the source station server; wherein, the communication link is established by the source station server after receiving the request of returning to the source, and is disconnected after the production of at least one media slice file is finished.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a back source processing apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises:
the third transceiving module is suitable for receiving an index file request transmitted by the client and forwarded by the content distribution system and transmitting the index file back to the client through the content distribution system;
the fourth transceiving module is suitable for receiving a back-to-source request for requesting at least one media slice file, which is initiated by the content distribution system through analyzing the index file to obtain the pre-cache tag; and at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced, and the at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system so as to be stored by the content distribution system.
In an alternative, the fourth transceiver module is further adapted to: at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system while producing;
the device still includes: and the file updating module is suitable for updating the index file after the production of at least one media slice file is finished, so that the media file list of the updated index file comprises the file name of the at least one media slice file.
In an optional manner, the apparatus further comprises: a link processing module adapted to establish a communication link upon receiving a request to source;
the fourth transceiver module is further adapted to: transmitting at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system over the communication link;
the link handling module is further adapted to: and after the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, disconnecting the communication link.
According to yet another aspect of the present application, there is provided a computing device comprising: the system comprises a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface are communicated with each other through the communication bus;
the memory is used for storing at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute the operation corresponding to the back source processing method.
According to still another aspect of the present application, a computer storage medium is provided, where at least one executable instruction is stored in the storage medium, and the executable instruction causes a processor to perform an operation corresponding to the above-mentioned back-source processing method.
According to the source return processing method, device, computing equipment and storage medium, on one hand, when an index file is manufactured, a pre-caching label of a media slice file to be produced is additionally added in the index file, when the client initiates an index file request, the index file is returned to the client and a content distribution system, the content distribution system analyzes the pre-caching label in the index file and requests a source station server for the media slice file corresponding to the source-returned pre-caching label, through the mode, the media slice file is downloaded to the content distribution system before being produced, and the media slice file is not returned to the source to be downloaded under the condition that the content distribution system does not store the corresponding media slice file when the media file is requested, so that the media file request of the client can be hit to the content distribution system for storage, the stream pull time of the client can be reduced, the card rate of the client can be reduced, and the playing experience of a user can be optimized; on the other hand, when the source station server receives the source returning request of the content distribution system, the source station server establishes a communication link with the content distribution system for transmitting the media slice file to be produced, and the media slice file to be produced is disconnected after the production is finished, so that the accuracy of data transmission can be ensured, and occupied resources can be released in time by disconnecting the communication link in time.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and the present application may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description so as to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and the detailed description of the present application will be given below in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a back source processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for back source processing according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a prior art back source flow;
FIG. 4 shows an interaction sequence diagram of a client viewing live streaming according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a method for back source processing according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a back source processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a back source processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computing device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
First, the noun terms referred to in one or more embodiments of the present application are explained.
Live streaming: live audiovisual data transmission that can be transmitted as a steady and continuous stream over a network for viewing by a viewer.
Live broadcasting and stream pulling: the method is a process of pulling a live stream to a source station designated by a user through a live broadcast cloud platform.
A content distribution system: the CDN (Content Delivery Network) system is an advanced flow distribution Network constructed on the existing Network, is a new Network architecture added in the existing Network, distributes the Content of a website to the edge of the Network closest to a user, improves the response speed of the user for accessing the website, has the characteristic of load balance, and has the functions of caching, mirroring and integral load balance, and mainly caches static data in the website.
And the CDN edge node is used for covering the server nodes of the users in the corresponding area.
A CDN source station and a central node for back source resource collection.
A source station server: and the live stream is produced into a service device of the media slice file.
And (3) returning source treatment: the content distribution system initiates a back-to-source request to the content provider to pull live content.
Index file: and the HLS live broadcast protocol is used for recording media file information.
Media slice file: and the HLS live broadcast protocol is used for storing and playing files of audio and video data.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of a back source processing method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the method of the present embodiment is applied to a content distribution system, and as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step S110, receiving an index file request sent by the client, and forwarding the index file request to the source station server.
In an HLS live broadcast system, when watching an HLS live broadcast stream, a client needs to request an index file first, and after the client requests the index file, a media file list in the index file is obtained, and then a media slice file is requested according to the media file list and played.
The index file is made by a source station server, the source station server slices the direct stream to generate a media slice file, and when the production of the media slice file is finished, the source station server updates the file name of the produced media slice file to a media file list of the index file. With the continuous stream pushing of the live broadcast end, the source station server can continuously produce new media slice files, so that the index files are continuously updated, the client needs to continuously request the index files, and the client requests the index files each time.
The index file request is used for acquiring an index file. The client side sends an index file request to the content distribution system, and the content distribution system forwards the index file request of the client side to the source station server.
Step S120, receiving the index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the index file to the client.
The source station server responds to the index file request forwarded by the content distribution system, returns the index file to the content distribution system, and the content distribution system forwards the index file to the client.
After receiving the index file, the client initiates a media file request to the content distribution system according to the media file list contained in the index file to obtain a corresponding media slice file.
Step S130, parsing the index file, and initiating a source return request for requesting at least one media slice file to the source station server when the index file contains a pre-cache tag of the at least one media slice file.
After receiving the index file, the content distribution system analyzes the index file, obtains a pre-cache tag of at least one media slice file contained in the index file, and initiates a source return request to the source station server to download the at least one media slice file corresponding to the pre-cache tag.
The pre-caching tag is a field additionally added to the index file, the pre-caching tag is identifiable by the content distribution system, the client is not identifiable, and the pre-caching tag is used for indicating the content distribution system to request the source station server for the media slice file corresponding to the source pre-caching tag, and the media slice file is different from the media slice file after production, and the media slice file corresponding to the pre-caching tag is the media slice file to be produced, such as the media slice file in production and the media slice file to be produced.
In the method of this embodiment, when the source station server creates the index file, in addition to updating the media file list of the index file according to at least one media slice file that is produced, a pre-cache tag of at least one media slice file to be produced is also added to the index file.
Step S140, receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server, and storing the at least one media slice file.
And the source station server responds to a source return request of the content distribution system, and returns at least one media slice file corresponding to the pre-caching label to the content distribution system, and the content distribution system stores the received at least one media slice file.
In the prior art, only after the media slice file is completely produced, the media slice file can be updated to the media file list of the index file, the client can request the media file according to the media file list of the index file, and only after the content distribution system finishes returning to the source and stores the media slice file, other clients can reuse the stored media slice file, so that for the first client requesting the media slice file by using the index file, the requested media slice file does not exist in the content distribution system, the content distribution system needs to request the source station server for the media slice file requested by the source client, and returns to the client after downloading is completed, and the client needs to wait for a long time to pull streaming successfully.
In the following, a specific example is used to describe the method of this embodiment, assuming that the serial number is used to identify the production serial number of the media slice file, at the current update time, the produced media slice file includes the media slice file No. 1-3, that is, the produced media slice file includes the media slice file No. 4-6, the index file includes a media file list corresponding to the media slice file No. 1-3 and a pre-cache tag corresponding to the media slice file No. 4-6, at this time, the client requests the index file, the client requests the content distribution system for the media slice file No. 1-3 according to the index file, and the content distribution system requests the source station server for the media slice file No. 4-6; with continuous production of the source station server, when the next update opportunity is reached, the production of the media slice file No. 4-6 is finished, the current media slice file to be produced comprises the media slice file No. 7-9, the index file comprises a media file list corresponding to the media slice file No. 4-6 and a pre-cache tag corresponding to the media slice file No. 7-9, the client requests the index file at the moment, the client requests the media slice file No. 4-6 according to the index file, the media slice file No. 4-6 is stored in the content distribution system, and the content distribution system directly returns the stored media slice file. In short, for any media slice file, the media slice file is returned to the content distribution system during the production process, so that when the production of the media slice file is finished and the media slice file is updated to the index file, and the client requests the media slice file according to the index file, the media slice file is already stored in the content distribution system, thereby avoiding the problem that the media file request cannot hit the storage of the content distribution system.
In summary, according to the source return processing method provided by this embodiment, when an index file is manufactured, a pre-cache tag of a media slice file to be produced is additionally added to the index file, when a client initiates an index file request, the index file is returned to the client and the content distribution system, the content distribution system parses the pre-cache tag in the index file, and requests the source station server for a media slice file corresponding to the source return pre-cache tag.
Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of a back source processing method provided in another embodiment of the present application, which is applied in a content distribution system, and as shown in fig. 2, the method includes the following steps:
step S210, receiving an index file request sent by the client, and forwarding the index file request to the source station server.
Step S220, receiving the index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the index file to the client.
The index file request is used to obtain an index file. The client side initiates an index file request to the content distribution system, the content distribution system forwards the index file request of the client side to the source station server, and the source station server responds to the index file request to transmit the index file back to the content distribution system and then transmits the index file back to the client side by the content distribution system.
The index file is manufactured by a source station server, and when the source station server manufactures the index file, the media file list of the index file is updated according to at least one media slice file after production, and at least one pre-cache label of the media slice file to be produced is added in the index file.
After receiving the index file, the client requests the corresponding media slice file from the content distribution system according to the media file list contained in the index file.
Step S230, analyzing the index file, and initiating a source returning request for requesting at least one media slice file to the source station server under the condition that the index file contains a pre-cache tag of the at least one media slice file; at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced.
After receiving the index file, the content distribution system analyzes the index file, obtains a pre-cache tag of at least one media slice file contained in the index file, and initiates a source return request to the source station server to download the at least one media slice file corresponding to the pre-cache tag.
The content distribution system is used for instructing the content distribution system to download at least one media slice file corresponding to the pre-cache tag to the source station server, wherein the pre-cache tag is a field additionally added to the index file, the content distribution system can identify the pre-cache tag, and the client cannot identify the pre-cache tag and is used for instructing the content distribution system to download at least one media slice file corresponding to the pre-cache tag to the source station server, and the at least one media slice file corresponding to the pre-cache tag is a media slice file to be produced.
Optionally, the file name of the at least one media slice file is recorded in the pre-cache tag, and after the content distribution system receives the index file, the index file is parsed to obtain the pre-cache tag included in the index file, and a source return request is initiated to the source station server, so as to download the media slice file corresponding to the file name of the at least one media slice file recorded in the pre-cache tag.
Optionally, the pre-cache tag is composed of a specified character and a file name of the media slice file, for example, URL =27019223.m4 bypass: EXT-X-BILI-PERFREF: where EXT-X-BILI-PERFREF is the specified character and URL =27019223.m4 bypass is the file name of the media slice file. The content distribution system firstly identifies the designated characters in the index file, and then acquires the file name associated with the designated characters, namely the file name of the media slice file to be downloaded.
Step S240, receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server while producing, and storing the at least one media slice file.
The source station server transmits the produced file data to the content distribution system while producing, and the content distribution system stores the received file data.
Specifically, at least one media slice file returned by the source station server is received through a communication link established by the source station server, wherein the communication link is established by the source station server after a source return request is received, and the communication link is disconnected after the production of the at least one media slice file to be produced is finished. By the method, the communication link is established to transmit the media slice file being produced, and the communication link is disconnected after the production is finished, so that the accuracy of data transmission can be ensured, and occupied resources can be released in time by disconnecting the communication link in time.
Step S250, after the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, the source station server updates the index file, so that the media file list of the updated index file includes the file name of the at least one media slice file.
When the production of the at least one media slice file to be produced is finished, the index file updating time is reached, at the moment, the source station server can update the file name of the produced media slice file at the updating time to a media file list of the index file, and meanwhile, a pre-cache tag is generated according to the file name of the at least one media slice file to be produced at the updating time and is updated to the index file, so that the updated index file is obtained.
Step S260, receiving an index file request sent by a client, and forwarding the index file request to a source station server; receiving an updated index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the updated index file to the client; and receiving a media file request sent by the client based on the updated index file, and returning at least one stored media slice file to the client.
The client side initiates an index file request, the content distribution system forwards the index file request to the source station server, the source station server responds to the index file request and transmits the updated index file back to the content distribution system, and the content distribution system transmits the updated index file back to the client side; the client receives the updated index file, extracts the media file list in the index file, requests the content distribution system for the media slice file corresponding to the file name contained in the media file list, returns the media slice file corresponding to the media file list of the updated index file to the content distribution system in advance, and returns the stored media slice file to the client if the media file request of the client can hit the stored content of the content distribution system.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a source return process in the prior art, which is specifically as follows: each user side requests HLS live streaming, and the client side can request a CDN edge server; if the request does not hit the CDN edge server, returning the request to the CDN source station; if the request does not hit the CDN source station, the source request is returned to the source station server to download the media slice file requested by the client, and other clients can use the cache only after the cache of the media file is successfully built, where the live stream of the anchor is pushed to the source station server through the upstream edge server, and the live stream is pushed using an RTMP (Real Time Messaging Protocol). Therefore, the source returning process needs to return the source to the live broadcast source station server, at least two layers of link transmission are performed in the middle, the network delay is very obvious, the stream pulling time is greatly prolonged, and when the first user returns the source, other users can reuse the cache only after waiting for the end of the source returning of the user, so that the stream pulling time of the client is longer, the live broadcast pause rate is high due to the source returning processing in the prior art, and the user experience is influenced.
Fig. 4 shows an interaction sequence diagram of a live broadcast watching process of a client according to another embodiment of the present application, which specifically includes the following process steps:
step 1, a client sends an index file request to a CDN edge;
step 2, the CDN edge forwards an index file request to a CDN source station;
3, the CDN source station forwards an index file request to a source station server;
step 4, the source station server returns an index file response to the CDN source station, namely, returns m3u8 files, and the source station server is supposed to update the media file list corresponding to the finished media slice files 1-3 and the pre-cache tags corresponding to the media slice files 4-6 to be produced into the index file;
step 5, the CDN source station returns an index file response to the CDN edge, namely, returns an m3u8 file;
step 6, the CDN edge returns an index file response to the client, namely, the m3u8 file is returned;
and 7, analyzing the index file by the CDN edge, and judging whether the index file contains a pre-cache label.
Step 8, if the pre-cache tag is included, the CDN edge requests a pre-cache file from the CDN source station, namely requests the pre-cache of the media slice file to be produced 4-6;
step 9, the CDN source station requests a pre-cached file from a source station server;
step 10, the source station server returns a media file response to the CDN source station, that is, returns a media slice file, and the CDN source station caches the received media slice file, that is, the source station server produces the media slice file 4-6 and transmits the produced data to the CDN source station.
And 11, the CDN source station returns a media file response to the CDN edge, namely, the media slice file 4-6 is returned, and the CDN edge caches the received media slice file 4-6.
And step 12, after the media slice file is written at the edge of the CDN, updating the index file, namely after the production of the media slice file is finished, updating the index file, wherein the updated index file comprises a media file list corresponding to the produced media slice file 4-6 and a pre-cache tag corresponding to the produced media slice file 7-9.
The above steps 1 to 11 are processing flows after the client requests the index file, wherein a flow that the client requests the media file according to the media file list of the index file is omitted, specifically: the client requests a corresponding media slice file 1-3 to the CDN edge according to a media file list in the index file, if the CDN caches the media slice file 1-3 requested by the client, the cached file is directly returned, otherwise, if the CDN edge does not cache the media slice file 1-3 requested by the client, the source return is required.
Then, there is also an index file that the client requests to update, and the specific flow is as follows:
step 13, the client sends an index file request to the CDN edge;
step 14, the CDN edge forwards the index file request to the CDN source station;
step 15, the CDN source station forwards an index file request to a source station server;
step 16, the source station server returns an index file response to the CDN source station, that is, returns the m3u8 file, where the index file includes a media file list corresponding to the finished media slice file 4-6 and a pre-cache tag corresponding to the to-be-produced media slice file 7-9;
step 17, the CDN source station returns an index file response to the CDN edge, namely, returns an m3u8 file;
step 18, the CDN edge returns an index file response to the client, namely, returns the m3u8 file;
step 19, the client requests a media file from the CDN edge according to a media file list in the index file, namely requests a media slice file 4-6;
step 20, the media file request hits the CDN edge cache, the CDN edge returns the media slice file requested by the client, the media slice files 4-6 are already cached in the CDN edge, and the media file request of the client can hit the CDN edge cache.
The above steps 13 to 20 are processing procedures after the client requests the updated index file, wherein a procedure that the CDN requests the source media slice file according to the pre-cache tag in the updated index file, that is, a procedure that requests the source media slice file to be produced 7 to 9, is omitted, which can be referred to above and is not described herein again. The updated media file list of the index file corresponds to the media slice file 4-6, so that the client requests the media slice file 4-6 according to the updated index file, the media slice file 4-6 is cached in the edge of the CDN, and even if the first client requests the updated index file, the media file request can directly hit the cache of the CDN, thereby greatly reducing the streaming time, reducing the live broadcast pause rate and improving the user experience.
According to the source returning processing method of the embodiment, when the source station server makes the index file, a pre-cache tag of a media slice file to be produced is additionally added in the index file; when a client initiates an index file request, the index file is transmitted back to the client and a content distribution system, the content distribution system analyzes a pre-cache label in the index file, a source return request is initiated to a source station server according to the pre-cache label, the source station server establishes a communication link with the content distribution system after receiving the source return request, and transmits back a media slice file corresponding to the pre-cache label while producing, so that the media slice file which is not produced is stored in the content distribution system in advance, but the media slice file is requested to return to the source under the condition that the media file cannot hit the content distribution system, the media file request of the client can hit the content distribution system, the client pull-stream time can be reduced, the client card pause rate can be reduced, the user playing experience can be optimized, furthermore, a communication link is established for file transmission when the media slice file is requested to return to the source, the communication link is disconnected once the media slice file is produced, the accuracy of data transmission can be ensured, and resources occupied by the communication link can be released in time.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for back source processing according to another embodiment of the present application, where the method of the present embodiment is applied to a source station server, and as shown in fig. 5, the method includes the following steps:
step S510, receiving an index file request sent by the client forwarded by the content distribution system, and returning the index file to the client through the content distribution system.
The index file request is used for acquiring an index file. The client side sends an index file request to the content distribution system, and the content distribution system forwards the index file request of the client side to the source station server.
The index file is made by a source station server, the source station server slices the direct stream to generate a media slice file, and when the production of the media slice file is finished, the source station server updates the file name of the produced media slice file to a media file list of the index file.
The source station server responds to the index file request forwarded by the content distribution system, returns the index file to the content distribution system, and the content distribution system forwards the index file to the client.
After receiving the index file, the client requests the corresponding media slice file from the content distribution system according to the media file list contained in the index file.
Step S520, receiving a back-to-source request initiated by the content distribution system by parsing the index file to obtain the pre-cache tag, for requesting at least one media slice file. Wherein at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced.
After receiving the index file, the content distribution system analyzes the index file, obtains a pre-cache tag of at least one media slice file contained in the index file, and initiates a source return request to the source station server to download the media slice file corresponding to the pre-cache tag.
The pre-caching tag is a field additionally added to the index file, the pre-caching tag is identifiable by the content distribution system, the client is not identifiable, and the pre-caching tag is used for instructing the content distribution system to return the media slice file corresponding to the pre-caching tag to the source station server, and is different from the media slice file after production, and the media slice file corresponding to the pre-caching tag is a media slice file to be produced, such as a media slice file in production and a media slice file to be generated.
In the method of this embodiment, when the source station server creates the index file, in addition to updating the media file list of the index file according to at least one media slice file that is produced, a pre-cache tag of at least one media slice file to be produced is also added to the index file.
Optionally, the file name of the at least one media slice file is recorded in the pre-cache tag, after the content distribution system receives the index file, the index file is parsed to obtain the pre-cache tag contained in the index file, and a source return request is initiated to the source station server, so as to download the media slice file corresponding to the file name of the at least one media slice file recorded in the pre-cache tag.
Optionally, the pre-cache tag is composed of a specified character and a file name of the media slice file, for example, URL =27019223.m4 sprefech: URL =27019223.m4 sprefech, where EXT-X-BILI-perffech is the specified character and URL =27019223.m4 sprefech is the file name of the media slice file. The content distribution system firstly identifies the designated characters in the index file, and then acquires the file name associated with the designated characters, namely the file name of the media slice file to be downloaded.
Step S530, at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system, so that the content distribution system stores the at least one media slice file.
And the source station server responds to a source return request of the content distribution system and returns at least one media slice file corresponding to the pre-cache label to the content distribution system, and the content distribution system stores the received at least one media slice file.
Specifically, at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system while producing. The source station server transmits the produced file data to the content distribution system while producing, and the content distribution system stores the received file data.
In an alternative, after receiving the request to return to the source, the communication link is established; transmitting at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system over the communication link; and after the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, disconnecting the communication link. By the method, the communication link is established for transmitting the media slice file being produced, and the communication link is disconnected after the production is finished, so that the accuracy of data transmission can be ensured, and occupied resources can be released in time by disconnecting the communication link in time.
And after the production of at least one media slice file is finished, updating the index file, so that the media file list of the updated index file comprises the file name of at least one media slice file. When a new index file updating opportunity is reached after the production of at least one to-be-produced media slice file is finished, the source station server updates the file name of the produced media slice file into a media file list of the index file, and meanwhile, a pre-cache tag is generated according to the file name of the next group of at least one to-be-produced media slice file and is updated into the index file, so that the updated index file is obtained.
According to the method for processing the returned source, when the source station server makes the index file, the pre-caching label of the media slice file to be produced is additionally added in the index file, when the client initiates an index file request, the index file is returned to the client and the content distribution system, the content distribution system analyzes the pre-caching label in the index file and requests the media slice file corresponding to the returned source pre-caching label to the source station server, and through the method, the media slice file is downloaded to the content distribution system before production is finished, instead of returning to the source for downloading when the content distribution system does not store the corresponding media slice file when the media file is requested, so that the advanced return of the media slice file is realized, the media file request of the client can be hit the content distribution system for storage, the client pull time can be reduced, the client card pause rate can be reduced, and the user playing experience can be optimized.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a back source processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, the apparatus includes:
the first transceiver module 61 is adapted to receive an index file request sent by a client and forward the index file request to a source station server;
the second transceiving module 62 is adapted to receive the index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forward the index file to the client;
the analysis module 63 is suitable for analyzing the index file;
a pre-feed back module 64 adapted to initiate a feed back request to the source site server for requesting at least one media slice file if the index file contains a pre-cache tag for the at least one media slice file; at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced;
a media file transceiving module 65, adapted to receive at least one media slice file returned by the source station server;
and the storage module 66 is adapted to receive at least one media slice file returned by the source station server and store the at least one media slice file.
In an alternative manner, the media file transceiving module 65 is further adapted to: receiving at least one media slice file which is produced and returned by a source station server;
after the at least one media slice file is stored and the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, the source station server updates the index file, so that the media file list of the updated index file comprises the file name of the at least one media slice file.
In an alternative way, the first transceiver module 61 is further adapted to: after the source station server updates the index file, receiving an index file request sent by a client, and forwarding the index file request to the source station server;
the second transceiver module 62 is further adapted to: receiving an updated index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the updated index file to the client;
the media file transceiver module 65 further begins with: and receiving a media file request sent by the client based on the updated index file, and returning at least one stored media slice file to the client.
In an alternative approach, the pre-cache tag records a file name of at least one media slice file.
In an alternative manner, the media file transceiver module 65 is further adapted to: receiving at least one media slice file returned by the source station server through a communication link established by the source station server; wherein, the communication link is established by the source station server after receiving the back-source request, and is disconnected after the production of at least one media slice file is finished.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a back source processing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus includes:
the third transceiving module 71 is adapted to receive an index file request sent by the client and forwarded by the content distribution system, and transmit the index file back to the client through the content distribution system;
a fourth transceiving module 72 adapted to receive a back-to-source request for requesting at least one media slice file initiated by the content distribution system by parsing the index file to obtain a pre-cache tag; and at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced, and the at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system so as to be stored by the content distribution system.
In an alternative manner, the fourth transceiver module 72 is further adapted to: at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system while producing;
the device still includes: and the file updating module is suitable for updating the index file after the production of at least one media slice file is finished, so that the media file list of the updated index file comprises the file name of the at least one media slice file.
In an optional manner, the apparatus further comprises: a link processing module adapted to establish a communication link after receiving the request back to the source;
the fourth transceiver module 72 is further adapted to: transmitting at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system over the communication link;
the link processing module is further adapted to: and after the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, disconnecting the communication link.
The embodiment of the present application provides a non-volatile computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores at least one executable instruction, and the computer executable instruction may execute the source return processing method in any method embodiment described above.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computing device provided in this embodiment of the present application, and the specific embodiment of the present application does not limit a specific implementation of the computing device.
As shown in fig. 8, the computing device may include: a processor (processor) 802, a Communications Interface 804, a memory 806, and a communication bus 808.
Wherein: the processor 802, communication interface 804, and memory 806 communicate with each other via a communication bus 808. A communication interface 804 for communicating with network elements of other devices, such as clients or other servers. The processor 802, configured to execute the program 810, may specifically perform relevant steps in the above-described back-source processing method embodiment for a computing device.
In particular, the program 810 may include program code comprising computer operating instructions.
The processor 802 may be a central processing unit CPU, or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present Application. The computing device includes one or more processors, which may be the same type of processor, such as one or more CPUs; or may be different types of processors such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.
The memory 806 stores a program 810. The memory 806 may comprise high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
The algorithms or displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual system, or other apparatus. Various general purpose systems may also be used with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such a system is apparent from the description above. In addition, embodiments of the present application are not directed to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the present application as described herein, and any descriptions of specific languages are provided above to disclose the best modes of the present application.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the application may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the application, various features of the embodiments of the application are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the application and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be construed to reflect the intent: this application is intended to cover such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice in the art to which this invention pertains. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this application.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components in the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore, may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the application and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The various component embodiments of the present application may be implemented in hardware, or in software modules running on one or more processors, or in a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that a microprocessor or Digital Signal Processor (DSP) may be used in practice to implement some or all of the functionality of some or all of the components according to embodiments of the present application. The present application may also be embodied as apparatus or device programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing the present application may be stored on a computer readable medium or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website or provided on a carrier signal or in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the application, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The application may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means can be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments should not be construed as limited to the order of execution unless otherwise specified.

Claims (12)

1. A method of back-source processing, wherein the method comprises:
receiving an index file request sent by a client, and forwarding the index file request to a source station server;
receiving an index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the index file to the client;
analyzing the index file, and initiating a source returning request for requesting at least one media slice file to the source station server under the condition that the index file contains a pre-cache label of the at least one media slice file; the at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced;
and receiving the at least one media slice file returned by the source station server, and storing the at least one media slice file.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the receiving the at least one media slice file returned by the source station server is specifically: receiving the at least one media slice file which is returned by the source station server while being produced;
after the storing the at least one media slice file, the method further comprises: and after the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, the source station server updates the index file, so that the media file list of the updated index file comprises the file name of the at least one media slice file.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein after the source station server updates the index file, the method further comprises:
receiving an index file request sent by a client, and forwarding the index file request to a source station server;
receiving an updated index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request, and forwarding the updated index file to the client;
and receiving a media file request sent by the client based on the updated index file, and returning the stored at least one media slice file to the client.
4. The method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the pre-cache tag records a filename of the at least one media slice file.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the receiving the at least one media slice file returned by the source station server further comprises:
receiving the at least one media slice file returned by the source station server through a communication link established by the source station server; wherein the communication link is established by the source station server upon receiving the request to return to the source and is broken upon completion of the production of the at least one media slice file.
6. A method of back-source processing, wherein the method comprises:
receiving an index file request transmitted by a client and forwarded by a content distribution system, and returning an index file to the client through the content distribution system;
receiving a back-to-source request for requesting at least one media slice file, which is initiated by the content distribution system through analyzing the index file to obtain a pre-cache tag; the at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced;
and transmitting the at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system for the content distribution system to store the at least one media slice file.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein said transmitting said at least one media slice file back to said content distribution system is in particular: transmitting the at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system while producing;
the method further comprises the following steps: and after the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, updating the index file, so that the media file list of the updated index file contains the file name of the at least one media slice file.
8. The method of claim 6 or 7, wherein the method further comprises: after receiving the back source request, establishing a communication link;
the transmitting the at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system specifically includes: transmitting the at least one media slice file back to the content distribution system over the communication link;
the method further comprises the following steps: and after the production of the at least one media slice file is finished, disconnecting the communication link.
9. A back source processing apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises:
the first transceiving module is suitable for receiving an index file request sent by a client and forwarding the index file request to a source station server;
the second transceiving module is suitable for receiving the index file returned by the source station server in response to the index file request and forwarding the index file to the client;
the analysis module is suitable for analyzing the index file;
a pre-feed back module adapted to initiate a feed back request for requesting at least one media slice file to the source station server if an index file contains a pre-cache tag of the at least one media slice file; the at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced;
the media file transceiving module is suitable for receiving the at least one media slice file returned by the source station server;
a storage module adapted to store the at least one media slice file.
10. A back source processing apparatus, wherein the apparatus comprises:
the third transceiving module is suitable for receiving an index file request transmitted by the client and forwarded by the content distribution system and returning the index file to the client through the content distribution system;
the fourth transceiving module is suitable for receiving a back-to-source request which is initiated by the content distribution system through analyzing the index file to obtain a pre-cache label and is used for requesting at least one media slice file; the at least one media slice file is a media slice file to be produced, and the at least one media slice file is transmitted back to the content distribution system for the content distribution system to store the at least one media slice file.
11. A computing device, comprising: the system comprises a processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface complete mutual communication through the communication bus;
the memory is used for storing at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction causes the processor to execute the operation corresponding to the source return processing method according to any one of claims 1-5 and/or execute the operation corresponding to the source return processing method according to any one of claims 6-8.
12. A computer storage medium having stored therein at least one executable instruction for causing a processor to perform operations corresponding to the source-back processing method of any one of claims 1-5 and/or to perform operations corresponding to the source-back processing method of any one of claims 6-8.
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