CN115550746A - HLS low-delay method based on network camera and media distribution service system - Google Patents
HLS low-delay method based on network camera and media distribution service system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/23418—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving operations for analysing video streams, e.g. detecting features or characteristics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/4402—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for household redistribution, storage or real-time display
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client
- H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
- H04N21/643—Communication protocols
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- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a HLS low-delay method based on a network camera and a media distribution service system, and aims to solve the problem that HLS playing delay time is long in the prior art. The invention provides a HLS low-delay method based on a network camera, which comprises the following steps: performing TS slicing on the video stream by taking a set time length t as a unit; when slicing, if an I frame is encountered but the set time length t is not reached, forcing TS slicing in advance at the I frame; the set time length t is less than the gop time length; providing a rolling M3U8 list according to the TS slices, and increasing the identification whether the TS slices carry I frames or not; receiving a playing request of the HLS player, and judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to a first screen: if not, playing according to the M3U8 list sequence; if yes, the HLS player acquires the M3U8 list to perform asynchronous waiting until the first TS slice I frame is waited, and then the HLS player finishes the asynchronous waiting and plays according to the M3U8 list sequence. The invention carries out TS slicing by setting the time length t, and the delay time is obviously shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of streaming media, and particularly relates to an HLS low-delay method based on a network camera and a media distribution service system.
Background
At present, in the Live broadcast industry, live broadcast needs to be conveniently and quickly watched in scenes such as a mobile phone web based on a video stream acquired by a network camera, and HLS (HTTP Live Streaming, adaptive bitrate Streaming protocol based on HTTP) has good compatibility but higher delay; when playing, the mainstream HLS player generally caches 3 TS (Transport Stream layer) slices, each slice is a gop (Group of Pictures, a picture set between two I frames), the delay is 3 gop durations, taking a gop duration as an example, the conventional HLS playing delay is up to 12 seconds, which makes HLS only be used in slow live broadcast scenes that are not sensitive to delay.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a HLS low-delay method based on a network camera and a media distribution service system, and aims to solve the problem that the HLS playing delay time is long in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a webcam-based HLS low-latency method, including the following steps:
s100, performing TS slicing on the video stream by taking set time length t as a unit; when slicing, if an I frame is encountered but the set duration t is not reached, forcing TS slicing at the I frame in advance; the set time length t is less than the time length of the gop;
s200, providing a rolling M3U8 list according to the TS slices, and increasing the mark of whether the TS slices carry I frames;
s300, receiving a playing request of the HLS player, and judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to a first screen:
s310, if not, playing according to the M3U8 list sequence;
s320, if yes, the HLS player obtains the M3U8 list to perform asynchronous waiting; and judging whether the first TS slice of the M3U8 list carries the I frame or not according to the identification whether the TS slice carries the I frame or not:
s321, if the first TS slice of the M3U8 list has an I frame, the HLS player finishes asynchronous waiting and plays the TS slice according to the sequence of the M3U8 list;
and S322, if the first TS slice of the acquired M3U8 list does not have the I frame, the HLS player continues to asynchronously wait until the first TS slice has the I frame, and then the HLS player finishes the asynchronous waiting and plays the first TS slice and the first TS slice according to the sequence of the M3U8 list.
The technical scheme of further improvement is as follows: the basis for judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to the first screen is as follows:
judging according to the playing request record of the HLS player; if the latest playing request of the HLS player is the first playing request; or, if the distance between the latest playing request of the HLS player and the last playing request exceeds the set time length; it is determined to belong to the first screen.
Based on the scheme, the playing request is carried out for the first time; or, if the distance between the latest playing request of the HLS player and the last playing request exceeds the set time length; whether the first screen belongs to can be conveniently judged, so that the HLS player can be initialized and played normally.
The technical scheme of further improvement is as follows: judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to the first screen or not according to the HLS player playing request record stored in the session and the latest cookie of the HLS player; and the cookies are distinguished by playing the url.
Based on the scheme, based on the session dialogue of the cookie, whether the cookie belongs to the first screen or not can be conveniently judged, and different cookies can be distinguished by playing the url.
The technical scheme of further improvement is as follows: the set time t is 0.3-1 second.
Based on the scheme, the time length is obviously lower than the slicing time length taking the gop as a unit, so that the delay time can be greatly reduced.
The technical scheme of further improvement: the set time period t is 0.4 second, 0.5 second, 0.6 second, or 0.8 second.
Based on the scheme, the shorter the set time period t is, the shorter the delay time is.
The technical scheme of further improvement is as follows: and 3 TS slices are always arranged in the M3U8 list, and after the first TS slice in the M3U8 list is played, a new TS slice is added to the tail end of the M3U8 list.
The technical scheme of further improvement: during asynchronous waiting, if a plurality of HLS players are in asynchronous waiting; and under the condition that the first TS slice has an I frame, all the HLS players finish asynchronous waiting and play according to the sequence of the M3U8 list.
Based on the scheme, by performing asynchronous waiting on all the different HLS players, under the condition that the first TS slice has an I frame, all the HLS players finish the asynchronous waiting, and the control is convenient and the efficiency is high.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a media distribution service system, configured to execute a webcam-based HLS low-latency method according to any one of the above aspects.
The further improved scheme is as follows: the media distribution service system is a cmds http(s) service system which can provide http(s) service.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention carries out TS slicing by setting the time length t, and the time length of each TS slice is shorter than that of the existing slice taking gop as a unit, thereby reducing the delay time, for example: when 3 TS slices are cached in the M3U8 list, the delay time of the video is 3t, the set time duration t is set to be 0.4 second, the delay time is 1.2 seconds, and compared with the delay of 12-16 seconds in the prior art, the delay time of the invention is obviously shortened.
In addition, after TS slicing is performed by setting the time length t, the problem that initialization of the HLS player fails and normal playing cannot be performed due to the fact that the first TS slice played by the HLS player does not have an I frame is avoided; when slicing, if the frame I is encountered but the set time length t is not reached, the TS slice is forced in advance at the frame I, and the identification of the frame I is carried by the TS slice; the HLS player carries out asynchronous waiting to ensure that the first TS slice of the M3U8 list is provided with an I frame, the starting point of the TS slice with the I frame is in the I frame, and the HLS player starts playing at the I frame, so that the HLS player is ensured to be initialized normally and can play normally.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other relevant drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the network camera-based HLS low-latency method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a logic framework diagram for implementing the HLS low latency method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not delimit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the invention.
In the invention, the I frame is the first frame of each gop and is used as a reference point for random access, and the HLS player can initialize normal playing and can play normally only when the HLS player starts playing at the I frame.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a webcam-based HLS low-latency method includes the following steps:
s100, performing TS slicing on the video stream by taking set time length t as a unit; when slicing, if an I frame is encountered but the set duration t is not reached, forcing TS slicing at the I frame in advance; the set time length t is less than the gop time length.
The set time length can be set according to actual requirements, and the shorter the set time length is, the shorter the delay time is; preferably, the set time t is 0.3-1 second; specifically, the set time period t may be 0.4 second, 0.5 second, 0.6 second, 0.8 second, or the like.
If the I frame is encountered but the set duration t is not reached, forcing TS slices in advance at the I frame; the following is specifically described with reference to the examples: if the time length from the first I frame to the second I frame is 4 seconds, slicing is carried out according to the set time length of 0.6 second, the slicing is carried out once every 0.6 second from the first I frame, when the 7 th TS slice is cut, the I frame is encountered, and the slicing at the I frame is required to be carried out in advance at the moment, and the I frame slice does not need to be crossed.
And S200, providing a rolling M3U8 list according to the TS slices, and increasing the identification of whether the TS slices are provided with I frames.
The M3U8 list refers to an M3U file in the UTF-8 encoding format. The M3U file records an index plain text file, and the playing software finds the network address of the corresponding audio/video file according to the index of the M3U file to perform online playing.
The identification of whether the TS slice carries the I frame is added, so that the judgment of whether the TS slice carries the I frame in the subsequent steps is facilitated; the identification of the I frame may be identified by using a coding method, for example: if the mark is 1, the mark is 0 without the mark.
S300, receiving a playing request of the HLS player, and judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to a first screen;
the basis for judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to the first screen is as follows:
judging according to the playing request record of the HLS player; if the latest playing request of the HLS player is the first playing request; or, if the distance between the latest playing request of the HLS player and the last playing request exceeds the set time length; judging that the screen belongs to the first screen; the first screen means: if the HLS player has never been played before, or the playing time is longer than the set time from the last playing request, namely the playing of the HLS player is interrupted, and then the HLS player is played again; the interruption may be an interruption caused by a delay of the network, or an interruption caused by turning off the HLS player.
Specifically, whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to the first screen is judged according to the HLS player playing request record stored in the session (realized based on the cookie) and the latest cookie (data stored in the user local terminal, i.e., the HLS player end) of the HLS player; and distinguishes cookies by playing urls (uniform resource locators, which are used to identify different cookies).
When the HLS player clicks a playing link, the HLS player sends a playing request and generates a latest cookie, and the HLS player sends the playing request once when playing one TS slice; if the HLS player plays for a period of time according to the M3U8 list, the HLS player plays according to the latest cookie information (information such as identity) stored in the session and the record of the playing request of the HLS player, and then plays according to the M3U8 list. If the interruption occurs or the playing request is the situation of playing request for the first time, recording in the session according to the latest cookie information and the playing request of the HLS player, and determining that the session is the first screen.
The server (i.e. the media distribution service system executing the process steps of the present invention) distinguishes cookies by playing urls, a session of the server stores a play request record of the HLS player, and the HLS player performs a session with the session of the server through the latest cookie to determine whether the play of the HLS player belongs to the first screen.
S310, if not, playing according to the M3U8 list sequence;
the M3U8 list generally has 3 or 4 TS slice lists, and is played from early to late according to the TS slice generation time; a specific scheme is as follows: and 3 TS slices are always arranged in the M3U8 list, and after the first TS slice in the M3U8 list is played, a new TS slice is added to the tail end of the M3U8 list.
S320, if yes, the HLS player acquires the M3U8 list to perform asynchronous waiting; and judging whether the first TS slice of the M3U8 list carries the I frame or not according to the identification whether the TS slice carries the I frame or not:
s321, if the first TS slice of the M3U8 list has an I frame, the HLS player finishes asynchronous waiting and plays the TS slice according to the sequence of the M3U8 list;
and S322, if the first TS slice of the acquired M3U8 list does not have the I frame, the HLS player continues to asynchronously wait until the first TS slice has the I frame, and then the HLS player finishes the asynchronous waiting and plays according to the sequence of the M3U8 list.
In addition, during asynchronous waiting, if a plurality of HLS players are in asynchronous waiting; and under the condition that the first TS slice has an I frame, all the HLS players finish asynchronous waiting and play according to the sequence of the M3U8 list.
The second embodiment:
a media distribution service system for implementing a webcam-based HLS low latency method according to any one of the embodiments.
Specifically, the media distribution service system is preferably a cmds http(s) service system capable of providing http(s) service. The http(s) service comprises a cookie, supports session according to the cookie, and supports asynchronous waiting and asynchronous waiting ending; and the media distribution service system and the HLS player perform data interaction through an http(s) protocol. Wherein, cmds (common media distribution server) is a general streaming media distribution service, HLS is one of protocols distributed by cmds; http(s) is a (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) hypertext Transfer Protocol, and supports asynchronous waiting and asynchronous waiting completion.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned alternative embodiments, and any other various products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, all of which fall within the scope of the present invention, fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An HLS low-delay method based on a network camera is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, performing TS slicing on the video stream by taking a set time length t as a unit; when slicing, if an I frame is encountered but the set duration t is not reached, forcing TS slicing at the I frame in advance; the set time length t is less than the time length of the gop;
s200, providing a rolling M3U8 list according to the TS slice, and increasing the mark of whether the TS slice has an I frame;
s300, receiving a playing request of the HLS player, and judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to a first screen:
s310, if not, playing according to the sequence of the M3U8 list;
s320, if yes, the HLS player acquires the M3U8 list to perform asynchronous waiting; and judging whether the first TS slice of the M3U8 list carries the I frame or not according to the identification whether the TS slice carries the I frame or not:
s321, if the first TS slice of the M3U8 list has an I frame, the HLS player finishes asynchronous waiting and plays the TS slice according to the sequence of the M3U8 list;
and S322, if the first TS slice of the acquired M3U8 list does not have the I frame, the HLS player continues to asynchronously wait until the first TS slice has the I frame, and then the HLS player finishes the asynchronous waiting and plays the first TS slice and the first TS slice according to the sequence of the M3U8 list.
2. The HLS low-delay method based on the network camera, according to claim 1, wherein the basis for judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to the first screen is as follows:
judging according to the playing request record of the HLS player; if the latest playing request of the HLS player is the first playing request; or, if the distance between the latest playing request of the HLS player and the last playing request exceeds the set time length; it is determined to belong to the first screen.
3. The HLS low-latency method based on webcam according to claim 2, characterized in that: judging whether the playing of the HLS player belongs to the first screen or not according to the HLS player playing request record stored in the session and the latest cookie of the HLS player; and the cookies are distinguished by playing the url.
4. The HLS low-delay method based on the network camera, as claimed in claim 1, wherein the set time period t is 0.3-1 second.
5. The HLS low latency method based on a web camera of claim 4, wherein the set time period t is 0.4 seconds, 0.5 seconds, 0.6 seconds or 0.8 seconds.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein there are always 3 TS slices in the M3U8 list, and after the first TS slice in the M3U8 list is completely played, a new TS slice is added to the tail end of the M3U8 list.
7. The HLS low-latency method based on the network camera of claim 1, wherein during asynchronous waiting, if a plurality of HLS players appear, the asynchronous waiting is performed; and when the first TS slice is provided with the I frame, all the HLS players finish asynchronous waiting and play according to the sequence of the M3U8 list.
8. A media distribution service system for performing a webcam-based HLS low-latency method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The media distribution service system according to claim 8, wherein the media distribution service system is a cmds http(s) service system capable of providing http(s) service.
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