CN111174533A

CN111174533A - Stepped vibration fluidized bed dryer

Info

Publication number: CN111174533A
Application number: CN202010083986.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张平亮
Original assignee: Wuxi Professional College of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Wuxi Professional College of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-02-10
Filing date: 2020-02-10
Publication date: 2020-05-19

Abstract

The invention provides a stepped vibration fluidized bed dryer, which comprises a fluidized bed body, a first sieve plate, a second sieve plate, a third sieve plate, a fourth sieve plate, a stirring mechanism and a vibration exciter, wherein the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate are arranged in the fluidized bed body in a stepped manner; the fluidized bed body is provided with a drying cavity, a feeding hole and a discharging hole; the vibration exciter is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed body; the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate are sequentially and transversely arranged in a drying cavity of the fluidized bed body in the transverse direction; the stirring mechanism vertically extends into the drying cavity and is positioned right above the first sieve plate. The invention enhances the fluidization effect on the materials, improves the drying efficiency of the materials, effectively prevents the materials from caking, blocking and the like in the drying cavity, and realizes that the dried materials can be smoothly discharged out of the stepped vibrating fluidized bed dryer.

Description

Stepped vibration fluidized bed dryer

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of material drying equipment, and particularly relates to a stepped vibration fluidized bed dryer.

Background

The vibrated fluidized bed dryer is a device for drying materials formed by installing a vibrating part on a bed body of a common fluidized bed dryer, and the materials in the vibrated fluidized bed dryer are dried by matching vibration with drying air flow. At present, the vibrating fluidized bed dryer is widely applied to the industries of chemical industry, medicine, food, ceramics, polymers, metallurgy, salt industry and the like. The traditional vibration fluidized bed dryer generates vibration through a vibration part to enable materials to be in a fluidized state, and the materials in the fluidized state dry the materials under the action of drying air flow.

The applicant of the present invention discloses a spray-type fluidized bed dryer, which is disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN109078345A, and the applicant indicates that in the prior art, a solid material containing moisture is dried, and the adhesion and accumulation of the material are likely to occur on the laminate of the disclosed cylinder, so that the dried material cannot be discharged from the discharge hole at the bottom of the cylinder. Meanwhile, the prior art only achieves the drying purpose through the contact of hot air to the materials, and obviously, the prior art is not ideal in drying effect of solid or semi-fluid materials with large water content and has a plurality of defects of agglomeration, blockage, unsmooth discharging, low drying efficiency and the like. Meanwhile, in order to increase the contact area between the material and the air flow or the hot air flow, the horizontal area of the material is usually increased, but the technical route leads the material in a certain area to have an unsatisfactory fluidization state due to different drying degrees, so that the material cannot move to an outlet, and the probability of blockage of the material in the fluidized bed dryer in the prior art is further increased.

In view of the above, there is a need for an improved fluidized bed dryer to solve the above problems

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to disclose a stepped vibrating fluidized bed dryer with high drying efficiency, which is used for solving the defects in the prior art, improving the drying effect on solid or semi-fluid materials with high water content, preventing the materials from caking, blocking and the like, and realizing that the dried materials can be smoothly discharged out of the stepped vibrating fluidized bed dryer.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a stepped vibration fluidized bed dryer, comprising:

the device comprises a fluidized bed body, a first sieve plate, a second sieve plate, a third sieve plate, a fourth sieve plate, a stirring mechanism and a vibration exciter, wherein the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate are arranged in the fluidized bed body in a stepped manner;

the fluidized bed body is provided with a drying cavity, a feeding hole and a discharging hole;

the vibration exciter is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed body;

the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate are sequentially and transversely arranged in a drying cavity of the fluidized bed body in the transverse direction;

the stirring mechanism vertically extends into the drying cavity and is positioned right above the first sieve plate.

As a further improvement of the invention, the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate are arranged in an inclined manner, and an included angle formed by the first sieve plate and a horizontal plane is larger than that formed by the second sieve plate and the horizontal plane; the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate are horizontally arranged, and the third sieve plate is higher than the fourth sieve plate.

As a further development of the invention, the fluidized bed comprises: the bed comprises an upper bed body, a middle bed body and a lower bed body which are connected and communicated, and a base positioned at the bottom of the lower bed body, wherein the upper bed body, the middle bed body and the lower bed body are enclosed to form a drying cavity;

the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate are all positioned in the drying cavity of the lower bed body; the feed inlet set up in the top of well bed body and be close to in rabbling mechanism, the discharge gate set up in the bottom of bed body is down and be less than the fourth sieve, feed inlet and discharge gate are located the horizontal both ends tip of the fluidization bed body respectively.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the stirring mechanism includes: the stirring shaft is vertically arranged, the stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft, and the dispersing component is arranged at the tail end of the stirring shaft; the stirring blades are positioned in the drying cavity of the upper bed body, and the dispersing assembly is positioned in the drying cavity of the lower bed body.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the dispersion assembly comprises: dispersion impeller and two piece at least dispersion stick, the dispersion impeller install in the end of (mixing) shaft, two piece at least dispersion stick circumference distributes and install perpendicularly in the dispersion impeller.

As a further development of the invention, the dispersion bars are located on the side of the dispersion tray facing the first screen deck.

As a further improvement of the invention, the hot air device also comprises a hot air component; the hot air assembly comprises: the hot air pipe heat exchanger comprises a heater, a blower, a hot air distributor and a plurality of hot air pipes connected with the hot air distributor; the middle bed body is provided with four air distribution plates which are arranged in a transverse step shape, and the four air distribution plates are arranged corresponding to the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate one by one; the hot air pipe extends into the air distribution plates, and the four air distribution plates are respectively positioned below the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate and form four independent air flow ascending channels.

As a further improvement of the invention, the vibration exciter comprises a magnet and an armature;

the vibration exciter is arranged in the base at the bottom of the lower bed body to synchronously vibrate the four air distribution plates.

As a further improvement of the invention, the feed inlet and the discharge outlet are transversely distributed, and the height of the discharge outlet is lower than that of the feed inlet.

Compared with the prior art, the stepped vibration fluidized bed dryer has the beneficial effects that:

in the invention, the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate form a stepped structure for dispersing materials, and the fluidization effect of the materials can be enhanced by matching with the stirring mechanism and the vibration exciter, so that the drying efficiency of the materials is improved, the phenomena of agglomeration, blockage and the like of the materials in the drying cavity are effectively prevented, and the dried materials can be smoothly discharged out of the stepped vibration fluidized bed dryer.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial block diagram of a stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a dispersion assembly in a stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a side view of a dispersion assembly in a stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that functional, methodological, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

It will be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," "positive," "negative," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1-4, one embodiment of a stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer 100 is disclosed.

In the present embodiment, the stepped vibration fluidized bed dryer 100 includes: the fluidized bed body 10 is arranged in a step shape and comprises a first sieve plate 21, a second sieve plate 22, a third sieve plate 23, a fourth sieve plate 24, a stirring mechanism 30 and a plurality of vibration exciters 60 in the fluidized bed body 10.

The fluidized bed 10 has a drying chamber 14, an inlet 111 and an outlet 121. The fluidized bed 10 comprises: the bed comprises an upper bed body 13, a middle bed body 11 and a lower bed body 12 which are connected and communicated, and a base 15 positioned at the bottom of the lower bed body 12, wherein the drying cavity 14 is formed by the upper bed body 13, the middle bed body 11 and the lower bed body 12 which are enclosed together. The material to be dried moves to the right side in the drying chamber 14 in a horizontal rightward stepped downward manner under the actions of gravity, turbulence, vibration and the like, and is finally discharged from the discharge port 121.

The vibration exciter 60 is mounted at the bottom of the fluidized bed body 10, and specifically in the base 15 at the bottom of the lower bed body 12. A first screen deck 21, a second screen deck 22, a third screen deck 23 and a fourth screen deck 24 are mounted transversely in the transverse direction (i.e. in the direction indicated by line a in fig. 1) in turn inside the fluidized bed 10 and in the drying chamber 14. The first screen deck 21, the second screen deck 22, the third screen deck 23, and the fourth screen deck 24 are sequentially lowered in the height direction in the fluidized bed 10, and are configured to be stepped. The stirring mechanism 30 is vertically installed on the fluidized bed 10 and vertically extends into the drying chamber 14, and is located right above the first sieve plate 21, so as to disperse the material entering the drying chamber 14 from the feeding port 111.

In the present embodiment, the height direction is a direction indicated by a line B in fig. 1. The heights of the first sieve plate 21, the second sieve plate 22, the third sieve plate 23 and the fourth sieve plate 24 are sequentially reduced from left to right in the transverse direction in fig. 1, so that the gradual downward vibration transportation of the materials after gradual drying is facilitated, the materials are remarkably prevented from being stacked on the four sieve plates, and the continuous transportation of the materials can be realized without other auxiliary equipment (such as a belt). Meanwhile, the first sieve plate 21, the second sieve plate 22, the third sieve plate 23 and the fourth sieve plate 24 are horizontally and transversely arranged in the middle bed body 11.

In this embodiment, the first sieve plate 21 and the second sieve plate 22 are disposed in an inclined manner, and an included angle formed by the first sieve plate 21 and a horizontal plane is greater than an included angle formed by the second sieve plate 22 and the horizontal plane; the third sieve plate 23 and the fourth sieve plate 24 are horizontally arranged, and the third sieve plate 23 is higher than the fourth sieve plate 24. Furthermore, the included angle formed by the first sieve plate 21 and the horizontal plane is 15-20 degrees, and the included angle formed by the second sieve plate 22 and the horizontal plane is 10-12 degrees. Through above-mentioned structure for the great material of water content is carried on the second sieve 22 on first sieve 21 is down more easily, and with the means that the contained angle of first sieve 21 and second sieve 22 and horizontal plane reduces gradually, be favorable to progressively increasing the time that the material was kept somewhere on the sieve, with the drying effect to the increase material. Simultaneously, set up the technical scheme of slope form with first sieve 21 and second sieve 22, be favorable to the transport to the right side of the dry initial stage material of fluidization, prevent the piling up of material on first sieve 21 and second sieve 22. Further, in the present embodiment, the third screening deck 23 and the fourth screening deck 24 are horizontally disposed. Because the moisture content in the material dried by the first sieve plate 21 and the second sieve plate 22 is obviously reduced, the fluidity of the material conveyed to the third sieve plate 23 rightwards is greatly increased, and the agglomeration phenomenon cannot occur; in this in-process, set up third sieve 23 level and can guarantee not taking place under the accumulational prerequisite of material, make the granule in the material be even fluidization state, make the granule fully boil to prolonged the dwell time that the material stops on third sieve 23 to a certain extent, thereby improved the fluidization quality, and improved heat and mass transfer intensity, increased the drying effect of hot-air to the material. Of course, the fourth screen deck 24 is similarly described.

Specifically, the material to be dried enters the drying chamber 14 from the feeding port 111, falls onto the first sieve plate 21, and the material on the first sieve plate 21 sequentially falls downward and passes through the second sieve plate 22, the third sieve plate 23 and the fourth sieve plate 24, and is finally discharged from the discharging port 121. Before the material fell to second sieve 22, rabbling mechanism 30 can stir this material to disperse the great material of moisture content, prevent the material caking, and disperse into less cubic or bulk with the material, thereby be favorable to subsequent drying process.

The first sieve plate 21, the second sieve plate 22, the third sieve plate 23 and the fourth sieve plate 24 are transversely connected together, and a blanking valve group (not shown in figure 1) is arranged between the first sieve plate and the second sieve plate. First sieve 21, second sieve 22, third sieve 23 and fourth sieve 24 can improve the fluidization effect of material to combine the vibration effect of vibration exciter 60, can further improve the fluidization effect of material, and make the material can pass through first sieve 21, second sieve 22, third sieve 23 and fourth sieve 24 in proper order, reach discharge gate 121 at last. As shown in fig. 1, the fluidized bed 10 comprises a middle bed 11 and a lower bed 12 connected and communicated with each other, and a first sieve plate 21, a second sieve plate 22, a third sieve plate 23 and a fourth sieve plate 24 are all located in the drying chamber 14 of the lower bed 12. The feed inlet 111 is arranged at the top of the middle bed body 11 and close to the stirring mechanism 30, and the discharge outlet 121 is arranged at the bottom of the lower bed body 12 and lower than the fourth sieve plate 24 in the direction B. The discharge port 121 and the feed port 111 are respectively located at the ends of the two lateral ends of the fluidized bed 10.

The stirring mechanism 30 includes: a vertically arranged stirring shaft 30, stirring blades 32 mounted on the stirring shaft 30, and a dispersing component arranged at the end of the stirring shaft 30. The stirring blades 32 are positioned in the drying chamber 14 of the middle bed body 11, so that the contact time of the materials and the stirring blades 32 is increased, and the stirring effect is improved. The dispersion assembly is located in the drying chamber 14 of the lower bed 12. Is favorable for improving the stirring effect of the stirring mechanism 30.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the dispersing assembly includes a dispersing plate 33 and at least two dispersing rods 34, the dispersing plate 33 is mounted on the stirring shaft 31, and the at least two dispersing rods 34 are circumferentially distributed and vertically mounted on the dispersing plate 33. The dispersing component has a simple structure. In the process that the stirring shaft 31 rotates, the stirring blades 32 and the dispersing component rotate along with the stirring shaft, so that the materials are stirred. The dispersion plate 33 is preferably a circular plate, and the dispersion rod 34 has a cylindrical structure. The number of dispersion rods 34 can be 4, 5, 6, etc.

As shown in fig. 2, the dispersion rods 34 are located on the side of the dispersion tray 33 facing the first screen deck 21. The dispersion bar 34 is capable of stirring the material on the first screen 21.

As shown in fig. 1, the stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer 100 includes a hot air assembly. The hot air assembly is used to provide hot air flow to the drying chamber 14, and the material is dried by the hot air flow. Specifically, this hot-blast subassembly includes: four hot air pipes (i.e. a first hot air pipe 51, a second hot air pipe 52, a third hot air pipe 53, a fourth hot air pipe 54), a heater 56, a blower 57, a hot air input pipe 58, and a hot air distributor 55 connected to the hot air input pipe 58. The middle bed body 11 is provided with four air distribution plates which are transversely arranged in a step shape, namely a first air distribution plate 41, a second air distribution plate 42, a third air distribution plate 43 and a second air distribution plate 44, and the four air distribution plates are arranged corresponding to the first sieve plate 21, the second sieve plate 22, the third sieve plate 23 and the fourth sieve plate 24 one by one; specifically, the four air distribution plates are respectively located below the first sieve plate 21, the second sieve plate 22, the third sieve plate 23 and the fourth sieve plate 24, and form four independent airflow ascending channels.

The first hot air duct 51 extends upward into the first air distribution plate 41 to form a hot air port communicated with the first hot air duct 51, the second hot air duct 52 extends upward into the second air distribution plate 42 to form a hot air port communicated with the second hot air duct 52, the third hot air duct 53 extends upward into the third air distribution plate 43 to form a hot air port communicated with the third hot air duct 53, and the fourth hot air duct 54 extends upward into the fourth air distribution plate 44 to form a hot air port communicated with the fourth hot air duct 54. The four air distribution plates are arranged to uniformly distribute hot air supplied upwards by the four hot air pipes to the cross sections of the corresponding four sieve plates so as to ensure stable and uniform fluidization.

Correspondingly, the other ends of the four hot air pipes are connected to a hot air distributor 55. The hot air distributor 55 is connected to a heater 56 through a hot air input pipe 58, and the heater 56 is connected to a blower 57. The heater 56, the hot air distributor 55 and the blower 57 are turned on, and the hot air enters the four air distribution plates arranged in a step shape of the lower bed body 12 through the first hot air duct 51, the second hot air duct 52, the third hot air duct 53 and the fourth hot air duct 54.

The vibration exciter 60 is disposed in the base 15 at the bottom of the lower bed body 12, and is connected to the vibration plate 122 commonly connected to the four air distribution plates, and the vibration plate 122 is disposed obliquely so as to vibrate the four air distribution plates synchronously through the vibration plate 122. The exciter 60 includes a magnet and an armature. The magnet is arranged below the armature. The number of the vibration exciters 60 may be two, so that the vibration plate 122 performs rapid small-amplitude vibration, and further drives the four air distribution plates to perform synchronous vibration. The air distribution plate is vibrated by the electromagnetic induction generated by the vibration exciter 60, so that the material to be dried is dried in a fluidized state, particles contained in the material in the drying process are more actively jumped up and down, the contact chance between a gas phase and a solid phase is increased, the bonding probability is reduced, the bed layer is facilitated to form sufficient fluidization, the heat and mass transfer efficiency is improved, the production process is strengthened, and the aims of saving the consumption of a fluidizing medium and reducing dust entrainment are finally fulfilled.

As shown in fig. 1, the inlet 111 and the outlet 121 are transversely distributed, and the outlet 121 is lower than the inlet 111. The fourth screen deck 24 is closest to the discharge port 121 relative to the first screen deck 21, the second screen deck 22 and the third screen deck 23. As shown in FIG. 1, the fluidized bed 10 further comprises an upper bed 13, and the upper bed 13 is covered on the middle bed 11. The top of the upper bed body 13 is provided with an exhaust port 131. The exhaust port 131 communicates with the drying chamber 14 for exhausting air. Specifically, the motor 35 of the stirring mechanism 30 is mounted on the upper bed 13 and is located outside the upper bed 13. The stirring shaft 31 driven by the motor 35 extends downwards into the drying chamber 14 of the middle bed body 11 and the drying chamber 14 of the lower bed body 12.

In the stepped vibrating fluidized bed dryer 100 disclosed in this embodiment, the first sieve plate 21, the second sieve plate 22, the third sieve plate 23, and the fourth sieve plate 24 form a step-shaped configuration, and with the combination of the stirring mechanism 30 and the vibration exciter 60, the material dispersing effect is significantly improved, the material agglomeration phenomenon is eliminated, the fluidization effect of the material can be enhanced, the material is continuously in a turbulent motion state, and the material drying efficiency is improved.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer, comprising:

the vibration exciter is arranged at the bottom of the fluidized bed body;

2. The stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of claim 1, wherein the first screening deck is inclined relative to the second screening deck and wherein the first screening deck forms an angle with the horizontal that is greater than the angle formed by the second screening deck with the horizontal; the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate are horizontally arranged, and the third sieve plate is higher than the fourth sieve plate.

3. The stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of claim 1 or 2, wherein the fluidized bed body comprises: the bed comprises an upper bed body, a middle bed body and a lower bed body which are connected and communicated, and a base positioned at the bottom of the lower bed body, wherein the upper bed body, the middle bed body and the lower bed body are enclosed to form a drying cavity;

4. The stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of claim 3, wherein the agitation mechanism comprises: the stirring shaft is vertically arranged, the stirring blades are arranged on the stirring shaft, and the dispersing component is arranged at the tail end of the stirring shaft; the stirring blades are positioned in the drying cavity of the middle bed body, and the dispersing assembly is positioned in the drying cavity of the lower bed body.

5. The stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of claim 4, wherein the dispersion assembly comprises: dispersion impeller and two piece at least dispersion stick, the dispersion impeller install in the end of (mixing) shaft, two piece at least dispersion stick circumference distributes and install perpendicularly in the dispersion impeller.

6. The stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of claim 5, wherein the dispersion bars are located on a side of the dispersion tray facing the first screen deck.

7. The stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of claim 3, further comprising a hot air assembly; the hot air assembly comprises: the hot air pipe heat exchanger comprises a heater, a blower, a hot air distributor and a plurality of hot air pipes connected with the hot air distributor; the middle bed body is provided with four air distribution plates which are arranged in a transverse step shape, and the four air distribution plates are arranged corresponding to the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate one by one; the hot air pipe extends into the air distribution plates, and the four air distribution plates are respectively positioned below the first sieve plate, the second sieve plate, the third sieve plate and the fourth sieve plate and form four independent air flow ascending channels.

8. The stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of claim 7, wherein the exciter comprises a magnet and an armature;

9. The stepped vibratory fluidized bed dryer of claim 3, wherein the feed inlet is transverse to the discharge outlet and the discharge outlet is lower in height than the feed inlet.