CN111159930A - CFD-based transformer respiratory system capacity matching evaluation method - Google Patents

CFD-based transformer respiratory system capacity matching evaluation method Download PDF

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CN111159930A
CN111159930A CN201911234668.1A CN201911234668A CN111159930A CN 111159930 A CN111159930 A CN 111159930A CN 201911234668 A CN201911234668 A CN 201911234668A CN 111159930 A CN111159930 A CN 111159930A
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transformer
voltage winding
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grid
breathing system
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CN111159930B (en
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黄静
张乾良
陈道品
武利会
李恒真
温源
陈邦发
金向朝
徐朋江
张健能
张勇
梁刚
何子兰
李莉
陈斯翔
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Foshan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Corp
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Abstract

The invention provides a CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching evaluation method, which comprises the steps of establishing a full-size three-dimensional model of a transformer to be evaluated and a breathing system of the transformer, dividing a calculation domain, setting boundary conditions and material physical property parameters, setting a theoretical model and a solving algorithm, setting initial conditions, calculating heat productivity and using the heat productivity as a heat source, and finally simulating to obtain conservator oil level cloud map data under the conditions of different load coefficients to obtain the adaptation condition of the breathing system and the transformer. The invention realizes the quick and accurate calculation of the adaptability of the transformer and the respiratory system by utilizing the CFD technology, ensures the capacity of the transformer and the respiratory system to be well matched, avoids serious accidents such as the overflow of transformer oil after operation and the like while improving the capacity utilization rate of the respiratory system, and ensures the safe, stable and economic operation of the transformer.

Description

CFD-based transformer respiratory system capacity matching evaluation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of state evaluation of high-voltage power equipment, in particular to a CFD-based transformer respiratory system capacity matching evaluation method.
Background
The transformer is used as a core device in an alternating current transmission system, and the reliable operation of the transformer is crucial to the safe operation of a power system. The oil-immersed transformer always bears the heat load caused by the heating of components such as a winding, an iron core and the like during the operation, and if the heat is excessively accumulated in the transformer, the service life of insulation can be damaged, and the service life of the transformer is further influenced. In order to maintain the temperature of all parts of the transformer not to exceed the temperature rise limit value of the insulation system, the insulation oil naturally or forcedly circulates in the transformer, and heat in the transformer is brought to a radiator and finally dissipated into the air. The insulating oil has thermal expansion, and the volume change of the insulating oil needs to be compensated by a breathing system during operation. Meanwhile, the breathing system also plays a role in separating air and transformer oil, and the transformer oil is prevented from being wetted and deteriorated. If the capacity of the breathing system cannot be well matched with the capacity of the transformer, the capacity is wasted due to under breathing if the capacity of the breathing system is not well matched with the capacity of the transformer, and the safety accident is caused by the overflow of insulating oil due to over breathing if the capacity of the breathing system is not well matched with the capacity of the transformer. Because the experiment is long in time consumption and difficult to perform, the model selection of the conventional breathing system is mainly determined by experience, and a method for rapidly and accurately judging the breathing characteristics of transformers of different models in cooperation with the breathing system by deeply knowing the working condition of the breathing system in the running process of the transformer is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching evaluation method, which effectively realizes good evaluation of the capacity of a transformer and a breathing system and obtains a relation curve of a load and an oil level of an oil conservator.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a CFD-based transformer respiratory system capacity matching evaluation method comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a full-size three-dimensional model of the transformer to be evaluated and a respiratory system of the transformer to be evaluated;
s2: dividing the three-dimensional model established in the S1 into calculation domains;
s3: setting boundary conditions and physical parameters of the material to complete the construction of a pretreatment model;
s4: reading the pretreatment model by using a solver, and setting a theoretical model and a solving algorithm;
s5: the initial condition is to set the ambient temperature Tamb；
S6: calculating the calorific value and using the calorific value as a heat source;
s7: and simulating oil conservator oil level cloud map data under different load coefficients, and processing to obtain the adaptation condition of the breathing system and the transformer.
Further, the specific process of step S1 is:
according to the detailed dimensions of the transformer to be evaluated and the respiratory system thereof, a full-size three-dimensional model is established by using three-dimensional modeling software Creo, wherein the full size mainly comprises the detailed dimensions of a transformer shell, a radiator, a high-voltage winding, a low-voltage winding, an iron core, an oil conservator and a respirator.
Further, the specific process of step S2 is:
1) importing the full-size three-dimensional model generated in the first step into mesh division software FLUENT Meshing, and formulating the material attribute of each region;
2) adding size constraints, setting minimum grid size SminIn mm, set the maximum grid size SmaxSetting a prismatic boundary layer grid strategy at the interface of the fluid and the solid, wherein the unit is mm;
3) generating polyhedral grid, checking the quality of global grid, if maximum sketch is more than or equal to QmeshThen the grid quality is low and S needs to be resetminAnd SmaxUntil maximum sketch < Qmesh(ii) a Wherein, maximum sketch is the current global grid quality and is obtained from grid division software; qmeshIs the grid quality threshold.
Further, the specific process of step S3 is:
the boundary conditions are that a transformer oil tank is set as a radiation heat exchange boundary condition, the surface of a radiator is set as a convection heat exchange boundary condition, the surfaces of a high-voltage winding, a low-voltage winding and an iron core are set as fluid-solid coupling boundary conditions, the outlet of a breather is set as a pressure outlet boundary condition, and the rest surfaces are set as heat insulation boundary conditions; the material comprises an iron core, a winding, insulating paper and insulating oil; the physical parameters are density, dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and thermal expansion rate.
Preferably, the specific process of step S4 is:
the solver is ANSYS FLUENT; the theoretical models are a k-epsilon realizable turbulence model and a VOF multi-phase flow model, an energy equation is started, and a solution algorithm is set to be a PISO algorithm.
Further, the specific process of step S6 is:
calculating the heat productivity P of the high-voltage winding under n times of rated load according to the formula (1)hv-n and n times the heating value P of the low-voltage winding under nominal loadlv-nAnd heat generation amount P of iron corecore(ii) a Will Phv-n、Plv-n、PcoreAs a function of heat source for the model;
Figure BDA0002304562100000031
wherein n is the load factor, Phv-ratRating copper loss, P, for high voltage windingslv-ratRating copper loss for low voltage windings, ahvThe number of the high-voltage winding wire cakes, alvThe number of the low-voltage winding wire cakes Rhv-outerIs the outer diameter of the high-voltage winding, Rhv-innerIs the inner diameter of the high-voltage winding, Hhv-discIs the high voltage winding cake height, Rlv-outerIs the outer diameter of the low-voltage winding, Rlv-innerIs the inner diameter of the low-voltage winding, Hlv-discFor the height of the low-voltage winding cake, Pcore-plateIs the core loss, kfixFor volume correction factor, r is the radius of the stem, lyokeIs the length of the center line of the yoke, /)coreThe length of the center line of the core column is shown, and p is the number of the core columns of the transformer.
Further, the specific process of step S7 is:
respectively carrying out simulation calculation on 15 load conditions with n being 0.1,0.2, … and 1.5, introducing the calculation results into post-processing software Tecplot to generate a gas-liquid two-phase boundary cloud chart, and respectively obtaining the corresponding oil level h under each load through post-processing0.1,h0.2,…,h1.5(ii) a If h1.5≤ε1If so, the capacity of the respiratory system matched with the transformer is in a waste state; if epsilon1＜h1.5≤ε2Then the respiratory system and the transformer are in good matching state, and h can be used0.1～h1.5Drawing a curve as an oil level reference curve of the oil conservator under different loads after the transformer and the breathing system are actually put into operation; if h1.5＞ε2If so, the capacity of the respiratory system matched with the transformer is in a dangerous state; epsilon1、ε2Respectively, the lower reasonable height coefficient and the upper reasonable height coefficient, and calculated according to the formula (2):
Figure BDA0002304562100000032
wherein the minimum grid size SminThe value ranges are as follows: s is more than 0.01minLess than or equal to 0.05; the maximum grid size SmaxThe value ranges are as follows: s is more than 0.1maxLess than or equal to 1; the grid quality threshold QmeshThe value ranges are as follows: q is more than 0.5mesh≤0.6。
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method comprises the steps of establishing a full-size three-dimensional model of the transformer to be evaluated and a respiratory system of the transformer, dividing a calculation domain, setting boundary conditions and material physical parameters, setting a theoretical model and a solving algorithm, setting initial conditions, calculating calorific value and using the calorific value as a heat source, and finally simulating to obtain the oil conservator oil level cloud map data under the conditions of different load coefficients so as to obtain the adaptation condition of the respiratory system and the transformer. The invention realizes the quick and accurate calculation of the adaptability of the transformer and the respiratory system by utilizing the CFD technology, ensures the capacity of the transformer and the respiratory system to be well matched, avoids serious accidents such as the overflow of transformer oil after operation and the like while improving the capacity utilization rate of the respiratory system, and ensures the safe, stable and economic operation of the transformer.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the patent;
for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product;
it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is a CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching evaluation method, including the following steps:
firstly, establishing a full-size three-dimensional model of a transformer to be evaluated and a respiratory system of the transformer to be evaluated;
according to the detailed size of the transformer to be evaluated and the respiratory system of the transformer, a full-size three-dimensional model is established by using three-dimensional modeling software Creo, wherein the full size mainly comprises the detailed sizes of a transformer shell, a radiator, a high-voltage winding, a low-voltage winding, an iron core, an oil conservator and a breather.
Secondly, dividing a calculation domain;
dividing the full-size three-dimensional model established in the first step into calculation domains, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
1) importing the full-size three-dimensional model generated in the first step into meshing software, and formulating the material attribute of each region;
2) adding size constraints, setting minimum grid size SminIn mm, 0.01 < SminLess than or equal to 0.05, and setting the maximum grid size SmaxIn mm, 0.1 < SmaxSetting a prismatic boundary layer grid strategy at the interface of the fluid and the solid, wherein the prismatic boundary layer grid strategy is less than or equal to 1;
3) generating polyhedral grid, checking the quality of global grid, if maximum sketch is more than or equal to QmeshThen the grid quality is low and S needs to be resetminAnd SmaxUntil maximum sketch < Qmesh(ii) a Wherein, maximum sketch is the current global grid quality and is obtained from grid division software; qmeshIs grid quality threshold, Q is more than 0.5meshLess than or equal to 0.6; the Meshing software uses FLUENT Meshing.
Thirdly, setting boundary conditions and physical parameters of the material to complete construction of a pretreatment model;
the boundary conditions are that a transformer oil tank is set as a radiation heat exchange boundary condition, the surface of a radiator is set as a convection heat exchange boundary condition, the surfaces of a high-voltage winding, a low-voltage winding and an iron core are set as fluid-solid coupling boundary conditions, the outlet of a breather is set as a pressure outlet boundary condition, and the rest surfaces are set as heat insulation boundary conditions; the material comprises an iron core, a winding, insulating paper and insulating oil; the physical parameters are density, dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and thermal expansion rate.
And fourthly, reading the pretreatment model by using a solver, and setting a theoretical model and a solving algorithm:
the solver is ANSYS FLUENT; the theoretical models are a k-epsilon realizable turbulence model and a VOF multi-phase flow model, an energy equation is started, and a solution algorithm is set to be a PISO algorithm.
Step five, setting initial conditions: the initial condition is to set the ambient temperature Tamb。
Sixthly, calculating the heat productivity and using the heat productivity as a heat source;
calculating the heat productivity P of the high-voltage winding under n times of rated load according to the formula (1)hv-nAnd the heat productivity P of the low-voltage winding under n times of rated loadlv-nAnd heat generation amount P of iron corecore(ii) a Will Phv-n、Plv-n、PcoreAs a function of heat source for the model;
Figure BDA0002304562100000051
wherein n is the load factor, Phv-ratRating copper loss, P, for high voltage windingslv-ratRating copper loss for low voltage windings, ahvThe number of the high-voltage winding wire cakes, alvThe number of the low-voltage winding wire cakes Rhv-outerIs the outer diameter of the high-voltage winding, Rhv-innerIs the inner diameter of the high-voltage winding, Hhv-discIs highHeight of press winding cake, Rlv-outerIs the outer diameter of the low-voltage winding, Rlv-innerIs the inner diameter of the low-voltage winding, Hlv-discFor the height of the low-voltage winding cake, Pcore-plateIs the core loss, kfixFor volume correction factor, r is the radius of the stem, lyokeIs the length of the center line of the yoke, /)coreThe length of the center line of the core column is shown, and p is the number of the core columns of the transformer.
Seventhly, simulating oil conservator oil level cloud graph data under the condition of different load coefficients, and processing to obtain the adaptation condition of the breathing system and the transformer;
respectively carrying out simulation calculation on 15 load conditions of n-0.1, 0.2, … and 1.5, introducing the calculation results into post-processing software, generating a gas-liquid two-phase boundary cloud chart for Tecplot by post-processing software, and respectively obtaining the corresponding oil level h under each load by post-processing0.1,h0.2,…,h1.5(ii) a If h1.5≤ε1If so, the capacity of the respiratory system matched with the transformer is in a waste state; if epsilon1＜h1.5≤ε2Then the respiratory system and the transformer are in good matching state, and h can be used0.1～h1.5Drawing a curve as an oil level reference curve of the oil conservator under different loads after the transformer and the breathing system are actually put into operation; if h1.5＞ε2If so, the capacity of the respiratory system matched with the transformer is in a dangerous state; epsilon1、ε2Respectively, the lower reasonable height coefficient and the upper reasonable height coefficient, and calculated according to the formula (2):
Figure BDA0002304562100000061
the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts;
the positional relationships depicted in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
it should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A CFD-based transformer respiratory system capacity matching evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: establishing a full-size three-dimensional model of the transformer to be evaluated and a respiratory system of the transformer to be evaluated;
s2: dividing the three-dimensional model established in the S1 into calculation domains;
s3: setting boundary conditions and physical parameters of the material to complete the construction of a pretreatment model;
s4: reading the pretreatment model by using a solver, and setting a theoretical model and a solving algorithm;
s5: the initial condition is to set the ambient temperature Tamb；
S6: calculating the calorific value and using the calorific value as a heat source;
s7: and simulating oil conservator oil level cloud map data under different load coefficients, and processing to obtain the adaptation condition of the breathing system and the transformer.
2. The CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of step S1 is:
according to the detailed dimensions of the transformer to be evaluated and the respiratory system thereof, a full-size three-dimensional model is established by using three-dimensional modeling software Creo, wherein the full size mainly comprises the detailed dimensions of a transformer shell, a radiator, a high-voltage winding, a low-voltage winding, an iron core, an oil conservator and a respirator.
3. The CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 2, wherein the specific process of the step S2 is:
1) importing the full-size three-dimensional model generated in the first step into mesh division software FLUENT Meshing, and formulating the material attribute of each region;
2) adding size constraints, setting minimum grid size SminIn mm, set the maximum grid size SmaxSetting a prismatic boundary layer grid strategy at the interface of the fluid and the solid, wherein the unit is mm;
3) generating polyhedral grid, checking the quality of global grid, if maximum sketch is more than or equal to QmeshThen the grid quality is low and S needs to be resetminAnd SmaxUntil maximum sketch < Qmesh(ii) a Wherein, maximum sketch is the current global grid quality and is obtained from grid division software; qmeshIs the grid quality threshold.
4. The CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 3, wherein the specific process of step S3 is:
the boundary conditions are that a transformer oil tank is set as a radiation heat exchange boundary condition, the surface of a radiator is set as a convection heat exchange boundary condition, the surfaces of a high-voltage winding, a low-voltage winding and an iron core are set as fluid-solid coupling boundary conditions, the outlet of a breather is set as a pressure outlet boundary condition, and the rest surfaces are set as heat insulation boundary conditions; the material comprises an iron core, a winding, insulating paper and insulating oil; the physical parameters are density, dynamic viscosity, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and thermal expansion rate.
5. The CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 4, wherein the specific process of step S4 is:
the solver is ANSYS FLUENT; the theoretical models are a k-epsilon realizable turbulence model and a VOF multi-phase flow model, an energy equation is started, and a solution algorithm is set to be a PISO algorithm.
6. The CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 5, wherein the specific process of step S6 is:
calculating the heat productivity P of the high-voltage winding under n times of rated load according to the formula (1)hv-nAnd the heat productivity P of the low-voltage winding under n times of rated loadlv-nAnd heat generation amount P of iron corecore(ii) a Will Phv-n、Plv-n、PcoreAs a function of heat source for the model;
Figure FDA0002304562090000021
wherein n is the load factor, Phv-ratRating copper loss, P, for high voltage windingslv-ratRating copper loss for low voltage windings, ahvThe number of the high-voltage winding wire cakes, alvThe number of the low-voltage winding wire cakes Rhv-outerIs the outer diameter of the high-voltage winding, Rhv-innerIs the inner diameter of the high-voltage winding, Hhv-discIs the high voltage winding cake height, Rlv-outerIs the outer diameter of the low-voltage winding, Rlv-innerIs the inner diameter of the low-voltage winding, Hlv-discFor the height of the low-voltage winding cake, Pcore-plateIs the core loss, kfixFor volume correction factor, r is the radius of the stem, lyokeIs the length of the center line of the yoke, /)coreThe length of the center line of the core column is shown, and p is the number of the core columns of the transformer.
7. The CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 6, wherein the specific process of step S7 is:
respectively carrying out simulation calculation on 15 load conditions with n being 0.1,0.2, … and 1.5, introducing the calculation results into post-processing software Tecplot to generate a gas-liquid two-phase boundary cloud chart, and respectively obtaining the corresponding oil level h under each load through post-processing0.1,h0.2,…,h1.5(ii) a If h1.5≤ε1If so, the capacity of the respiratory system matched with the transformer is in a waste state; if epsilon1＜h1.5≤ε2Then the respiratory system and the transformer are in good matching state, and h can be used0.1～h1.5Is used as the transformer and the respiratory systemIntegrating oil conservator oil level reference curves under different loads after actual operation; if h1.5＞ε2If so, the capacity of the respiratory system matched with the transformer is in a dangerous state; epsilon1、ε2Respectively, the lower reasonable height coefficient and the upper reasonable height coefficient, and calculated according to the formula (2):
Figure FDA0002304562090000031
8. the CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 7, wherein said minimum grid size SminThe value ranges are as follows: s is more than 0.01min≤0.05。
9. The CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 8, wherein said maximum grid size SmaxThe value ranges are as follows: s is more than 0.1max≤1。
10. The CFD-based transformer breathing system capacity matching assessment method according to claim 9, wherein said grid quality threshold QmeshThe value ranges are as follows: q is more than 0.5mesh≤0.6。
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