CN111157585B - Space atomic oxygen fluence detection method based on graphene - Google Patents
Space atomic oxygen fluence detection method based on graphene Download PDFInfo
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- CN111157585B CN111157585B CN202010004350.0A CN202010004350A CN111157585B CN 111157585 B CN111157585 B CN 111157585B CN 202010004350 A CN202010004350 A CN 202010004350A CN 111157585 B CN111157585 B CN 111157585B
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Abstract
The application discloses a space atomic oxygen fluence detection method based on graphene, wherein a graphene film is attached to the back of polyimide, and electrodes are arranged at two ends of the graphene film; exposing the polyimide substrate in an atomic oxygen environment, wherein when the polyimide substrate is completely degraded, graphene is also degraded immediately, and a circuit on the graphene film is broken; because the reaction time of the graphene film and atomic oxygen is extremely short, the time required by the circuit breaking on the graphene film is measured and calculated, and the time t for the polyimide substrate to be completely denuded can be obtained; the fluence phi = d/k of atomic oxygen in the time t, the atomic oxygen denudation rate k of the polyimide substrate and the thickness d of the polyimide substrate are known, and the polyimide substrate thickness can be flexibly set according to detection requirements, so that the detection method is suitable for the requirements of spacecraft atomic oxygen detection tasks with different service lives.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of space environment detection, in particular to a space atomic oxygen fluence detection method based on graphene.
Background
On low earth orbit (200-700 km), space atomic oxygen environment is one of the main environmental factors endangering the safety of spacecraft. Although the density of atomic oxygen is not very high, it is generally 10 5 ～10 9 cm -3 On the other hand, the chemical activity of atomic oxygen is high, and the atomic oxygen can simultaneously fly along the orbitThe relative movement speed of the spacecraft is high (about 7.8 km/s), so that the impact energy (about 5 eV) and the flux of atomic oxygen on the spacecraft are increased. Atomic oxygen can sputter the surface material of the spacecraft on one hand and can chemically react with the surface material of the spacecraft on the other hand, so that the physical and chemical properties of the material are changed, the performance of the functional material is degraded, and the service life and the reliability of the spacecraft are threatened.
The performance degradation condition of the spacecraft surface material in the atomic oxygen environment is evaluated, the atomic oxygen environment must be known firstly, a space atomic oxygen environment detection test is one of the most important works in atomic oxygen effect research, and the atomic oxygen environment detection can not leave a detector. At present, methods for detecting atomic oxygen mainly include mass spectrometry, thin film resistance measurement, semiconductor material adsorption sensing, chemical thermal probe sensing, and the like. The thin film resistance measuring method is a more common method for detecting atomic oxygen due to simple process. According to the method, the thin film is exposed in an atomic oxygen environment and is subjected to the etching action of atomic oxygen, so that the thickness of the thin film is continuously thinned, the resistance value is changed, and the flux of the atomic oxygen is analyzed through the resistance change of the thin film. However, the method has the defect that the working time of the detector is short due to the limitation of the reaction of the existing thin film material and the atomic oxygen.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks or deficiencies in the prior art, it would be desirable to provide a graphene-based method for detecting the oxygen fluence of spatial atoms.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a space atomic oxygen fluence detection method based on graphene, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
attaching a graphene film to the back surface of polyimide, and arranging electrodes at two ends of the graphene film;
exposing the polyimide substrate to an atomic oxygen environment, wherein when the polyimide substrate is completely ablated, a circuit on the graphene film is broken;
measuring and calculating the time length required by circuit breaking on the graphene film to obtain the time t for the polyimide substrate to be completely denuded;
and the fluence of atomic oxygen in t time is phi = d/k, wherein k is the atomic oxygen denudation rate of the polyimide substrate, and d is the thickness of the polyimide substrate.
Further, the graphene film has a thickness of less than 5nm.
Further, the thickness of the polyimide substrate is 1 μm to 1000 μm.
Further, attaching a single or multiple layers of graphene film to the back of a polyimide or other organic polymer includes: coating polymethyl methacrylate on the copper substrate on which the graphene film grows; after the polymethyl methacrylate is solidified, corroding the copper substrate; and attaching the surface of the graphene film, which is provided with the polymethyl methacrylate, to the back surface of the polyimide substrate, and washing the polymethyl methacrylate.
Disposing an electrode on the graphene film comprises: and cutting the polyimide substrate attached with the graphene film into strip-shaped units, and plating electrodes at two ends of the strip-shaped units or pressing the electrodes at two ends of the strip-shaped units.
Further, the length of the strip-shaped unit is 5cm, and the width of the strip-shaped unit is 2cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the space atomic oxygen fluence detection method based on graphene, a graphene film is attached to the back of polyimide, and electrodes are arranged at two ends of the graphene film; exposing the polyimide substrate in an atomic oxygen environment, and after the polyimide substrate is completely denuded, the graphene is also denuded immediately, so that a circuit on the graphene film is broken; because the reaction time of the graphene film and atomic oxygen is extremely short, the time required by the circuit breaking on the graphene film is measured and calculated, and the time t for the polyimide substrate to be completely denuded can be obtained; the fluence phi = d/k of atomic oxygen in the time t, the atomic oxygen denudation rate k of the polyimide substrate and the thickness d of the polyimide substrate are known, the polyimide substrate thickness can be flexibly set according to the detection requirement, and the method eliminates the limitation of a thin film material and enables the detector to have longer working time.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a space atomic oxygen fluence based on graphene according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a graphene film, polyimide, and an electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-polyimide substrate, 2-graphene film, 3-electrode.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
As mentioned in the background, in order to evaluate the performance degradation of the spacecraft surface material in the atomic oxygen environment, the atomic oxygen environment must be known first, and the space atomic oxygen environment detection test is one of the most important tasks in the atomic oxygen effect research, and the atomic oxygen environment detection detector cannot be separated. At present, methods for detecting atomic oxygen mainly include mass spectrometry, thin film resistance measurement, semiconductor material adsorption sensing, chemical thermal probe sensing, and the like. The thin film resistance measuring method is a more common method for detecting atomic oxygen due to simple process. According to the method, the thin film is exposed in an atomic oxygen environment and is subjected to the etching action of atomic oxygen, so that the thickness of the thin film is continuously thinned, the resistance value is changed, and the flux of the atomic oxygen is analyzed through the resistance change of the thin film. However, the method has the defect that the working time of the detector is short due to the limitation of the reaction of the existing thin film material and atomic oxygen.
There is therefore a need to extend the operating time of the detector and the limitation of how to eliminate the reaction of the thin film material with atomic oxygen is the direction of improvement. The embodiment of the application provides a space atomic oxygen fluence detection method based on graphene to effectively solve the problems.
Graphene is a conductive material and polyimide is an insulator. The polyimide has high atomic oxygen reaction rate, graphene and atomic oxygen react very fast and have conductivity, gaseous substances can be generated under the irradiation of the atomic oxygen, and the degradation time of the graphene can be ignored. The method has the following conception: a combined film is designed, the graphene film is adhered to the back surface of a polyimide substrate, the polyimide substrate is exposed in an atomic oxygen environment, and the graphene current is continuously measured in the process. When the polyimide substrate is completely denuded, the graphene can be denuded immediately, the current of the graphene film is interrupted, and the time for completely denudating the polyimide substrate is obtained. Since the polyimide atomic oxygen denudation rate is known, the atomic oxygen fluence over this time period can be obtained.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment further provides a space atomic oxygen fluence detection method based on graphene.
In step 110, attaching a graphene film to the back surface of the polyimide, and providing electrodes at two ends of the graphene film;
in step 120, exposing the polyimide substrate 1 to an atomic oxygen environment, and when the polyimide substrate 1 is completely ablated, an electric circuit on the graphene film 2 is broken;
in step 130, calculating the time length required for the circuit on the graphene film 2 to be broken to obtain the time t for the polyimide substrate 1 to be completely denuded;
in step 140, the fluence of atomic oxygen in t time Φ = d/k, where k is the atomic oxygen denudation rate of the polyimide substrate 1 and d is the thickness of the polyimide substrate 1.
When the polyimide substrate 1 is completely degraded, the graphene is also degraded immediately. Since the reaction time of the graphene film 2 with atomic oxygen is extremely short, the denudation time of the graphene film 2 is negligible. Since the graphene is an electric conductor, the current is output when the voltage is applied to the electrode 3. And (3) the circuit on the graphene film 2 is broken, so that the time length required by the circuit on the graphene film 2 to be broken is measured, and the time t for the polyimide substrate 1 to be completely corroded can be obtained.
The atomic oxygen degradation rate k of the polyimide substrate 1 and the thickness of the polyimide substrate 1 are known, and the atomic oxygen degradation rate k of the polyimide substrate 1 is generally 3 × 10 -24 cm 3 The thickness d of the polyimide substrate 1 can be flexibly set according to the detection requirement. The atomic oxygen fluence that can be detected with a typical polyimide thickness of 1 μm is about 3.3X 10 19 atom/cm 2 . By choosing various different atomic oxygen films, the atomic oxygen fluence over different time periods can be detected.
For example, a polyimide substrate 1 of 10 μm thickness is selected, and a single layer of graphene film 2 is attached. The reaction time of graphene with atomic oxygen is about 10s, which is negligible. And (3) placing the composite film into an atomic oxygen simulation test device, measuring the resistance of the graphene film 2, and suddenly changing the resistance of the graphene to infinity after 16 hours and 46 minutes. The polyimide substrate 1 had a denudation rate of 3X 10 - 24 cm 3 Atom, so that the atomic oxygen fluence in this period is 3.3X 10 20 atom/cm 2 。
Referring to fig. 2, the graphene film 2 is a single-layer film or a multi-layer film. If the graphene film is a multilayer graphene film, the thickness of the graphene film 2 is less than 5nm, and the graphene film 2 can be prepared by using a chemical vapor deposition method. The thickness of the polyimide substrate 1 is selected according to the detection requirement, and the thickness of the polyimide substrate 1 is generally 1 μm to 1000 μm. The electrodes 3 are disposed at both ends of the graphene film 2.
In the present embodiment, attaching the graphene film 2 on the polyimide substrate 1 includes: coating polymethyl methacrylate on the copper substrate on which the graphene film 2 grows; after the polymethyl methacrylate is solidified, corroding the copper substrate; and (3) attaching the surface of the graphene film 2 provided with the polymethyl methacrylate to the back surface of the polyimide substrate 1, and washing the polymethyl methacrylate.
The graphene film 2 on the copper substrate is grown by a chemical vapor deposition method, which includes but is not limited to sputtering or electroplating; the copper substrate is cleaned and removed by using hydrochloric acid, but other acids can be used; the cleaning and removing of methyl methacrylate includes but is not limited to acetone and isopropanol, and other cleaning agents reacting with methyl methacrylate can also be used.
In this embodiment, disposing the electrode 3 on the graphene film 2 includes: the polyimide substrate 1 with the graphene film 2 attached thereto is cut into a long-strip-shaped unit, and the electrodes 3 are plated at both ends of the long-strip-shaped unit, or the electrodes 3 are pressed against both ends of the long-strip-shaped unit. Further, the length of the strip-shaped unit is 5cm, and the width of the strip-shaped unit is 2cm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention according to the present application is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments where any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is made without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (4)
1. A graphene-based method for detecting the oxygen fluence of spatial atoms, the method comprising:
attaching a graphene film to the bottom back surface of a polyimide base, and arranging electrodes at two ends of the graphene film;
exposing the polyimide substrate to an atomic oxygen environment, wherein when the polyimide substrate is completely ablated, a circuit on the graphene film is broken;
measuring and calculating the time length required by circuit breaking on the graphene film to obtain the time t for completely corroding the polyimide substrate;
the fluence of atomic oxygen in t time is phi = d/k, wherein k is the atomic oxygen ablation rate of the polyimide substrate, and d is the thickness of the polyimide substrate; the thickness of the graphene film is less than 5nm;
wherein attaching a single or multiple layers of graphene film to the polyimide-based back surface comprises:
coating polymethyl methacrylate on the copper substrate on which the graphene film grows;
after the polymethyl methacrylate is solidified, corroding the copper substrate;
and attaching the surface of the graphene film, which is provided with the polymethyl methacrylate, to the back surface of the polyimide substrate, and washing the polymethyl methacrylate.
2. The graphene-based steric atomic oxygen fluence detection method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the polyimide substrate is 1 μ ι η -1000 μ ι η.
3. The graphene-based method for detecting the oxygen fluence of spatial atoms according to claim 1, wherein the disposing of an electrode on the graphene film comprises: and cutting the polyimide substrate attached with the graphene film into strip-shaped units, and plating electrodes at two ends of the strip-shaped units or pressing the electrodes at two ends of the strip-shaped units.
4. The graphene-based spatial atomic oxygen fluence detection method according to claim 3, wherein the elongated cell has a length of 5cm and a width of 2cm.
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