CN111157027A - 空心轴锥度挤压式编码器 - Google Patents

空心轴锥度挤压式编码器 Download PDF

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CN111157027A
CN111157027A CN202010058384.8A CN202010058384A CN111157027A CN 111157027 A CN111157027 A CN 111157027A CN 202010058384 A CN202010058384 A CN 202010058384A CN 111157027 A CN111157027 A CN 111157027A
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高京哲
高正哲
周微微
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Jilin Province Sansheng Sensing Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/36Forming the light into pulses
    • G01D5/38Forming the light into pulses by diffraction gratings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D11/00Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre

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Abstract

空心轴锥度挤压式编码器涉及编码器技术领域,该编码器包括:锥形螺钉、挤压组件、外壳组件、PCB组件、光栅组件、主轴、主体、轴承组件和光源;挤压组件、外壳组件、PCB组件、光栅组件、主轴和主体同轴设置;主轴设有限位沿,主轴穿过主体,通过限位沿限位并由套在主轴外的轴承组件将主轴和主体装配在一起;光源安装在主体内部;光栅组件安装在主轴上方,通过设置在光栅组件上方的PCB组件与主体夹紧;外壳组件设置在最外面,通过锥形螺钉穿过挤压组件和主轴将外壳组件和主体装配在一起,锥形螺钉的安装方向与轴向方向平行。本发明采用多面接触挤压方式保证客户轴端面不进行安装损坏问题,安装后也可满足实际抱紧要求,不会出现抱紧轴壁断裂现象。

Description

空心轴锥度挤压式编码器
技术领域
本发明涉及编码器技术领域,具体涉及一种空心轴锥度挤压式编码器。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展和经济建设的需要,编码器在机床、电梯、伺服电机配套、纺织机械、包装机械、印刷机械、起重机械等行业得到了极为广泛的应用。编码器是将信号(如比特流)或数据进行编制、转换为可用以通讯、传输和存储的信号形式的设备,随着对测角精度要求的提高,对编码器输出的位数要求也随之提高,然而,输出位数的提高,也带来了体积增大的问题,在很多场合主体仪器都要求编码器的体积越小越好,这就要求在编码器的设计上,要采取一些措施,尽量简化结构,减少编码器体积,增强市场竞争能力。目前国内机器人等各领域,所需的编码器厚度薄,安装要求高,精度要求高,而国内编码器行业因使用传统的固定方式导致编码器高度无法降低。
1、传统编码器顶丝型轴缺点
1.1.顶丝型编码器常用顶丝规格为M4*4mm-M4*6mm,导致固定轴端厚度必须在7mm以上范围。如编码器采用此安装方式设计,高度方面内部设计高度怎么降低也要增加7mm的轴端固定厚度,无法满足市场所需的超薄产品。(编码器总高度=内部设计高度+固定轴端厚度。)
1.2.编码器常用基轴配合公差采用G7/h6公差,如客户端轴径在
Figure BDA0002373574640000011
的情况下编码器轴孔端公差G7(公差范围:+0.028mm~+0.007mm),客户端轴径端公差h6(公差范围:+0mm~-0.013mm)范围。此安装方式轴与孔端配合越好同心度越好,相反配合越差同心度越差。如果客户端轴加工时偏小的情况下安装同心度会差,导致编码器使用寿命减少,损失编码器精度。
1.3.顶丝型轴抱紧方式采用顶丝固定90°两点,一端顶在客户端轴洗扁位置,一端顶在圆轴位置,因顶丝前端接触面小,导致使用厌氧胶安装顶丝后在长时间待机震动老化后出现松动现象。会出现编码器起始安装角度偏移,导致设备误差值加大,严重时设备故障。
2.传统编码器抱紧方式缺点
2.1.抱紧型编码器常用内六角螺钉规格为M3~M4,钉头直径在
Figure BDA0002373574640000021
Figure BDA0002373574640000022
导致抱紧轴端厚度必须在M3=8mm,M4=9mm以上范围。如编码器采用此安装方式设计,其内部设计高度至少增加8mm以上的轴端抱紧厚度,无法满足市场所需的超薄产品。(编码器总高度=内部设计高度+固定轴端厚度。)
2.2.编码器常用基轴配合公差采用G7/h6公差,如客户端轴径在
Figure BDA0002373574640000023
的情况下编码器轴孔端公差G7(公差范围:+0.028mm~+0.007mm),客户端轴径端公差h6(公差范围:+0mm~-0.013mm)。此安装方式抱紧轴壁厚度在0.5mm采用304号钢材质,轴与孔端配合好的情况下抱紧效果最佳。如果客户端轴在加工时轴径偏小的情况下安装时会出现抱紧不上及轴壁断裂现象,导致编码器无法安装使用甚至报废。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供了一种空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,可解决传统顶丝型,抱紧型安装方式导致的高度问题,客户端轴加工公差不好导致的安装同心度不好问题,老化松动问题,轴壁断裂问题。也解决了偏心螺钉轴挤压安装方式导致的螺钉安装力度及客户轴端损坏问题。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案如下:
空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,该编码器包括:锥形螺钉、挤压组件、外壳组件、PCB组件、光栅组件、主轴、主体、轴承组件和光源;所述挤压组件、外壳组件、PCB组件、光栅组件、主轴和主体同轴设置;所述主轴设有限位沿,所述主轴穿过主体,通过限位沿限位并由套在主轴外的轴承组件将所述主轴和主体装配在一起;光源安装在所述主体内部;所述光栅组件安装在主轴上方,通过设置在所述光栅组件上方的PCB组件与所述主体夹紧;所述外壳组件设置在最外面,通过锥形螺钉穿过挤压组件和主轴将外壳组件和所述主体装配在一起,所述锥形螺钉的安装方向与轴向方向平行。
优选的,所述编码器的上表面为平面。
优选的,所述锥形螺钉的斜角部分为5°。
优选的,挤压组件内孔的倾角为5°。
优选的,所述锥形螺钉与所述主轴的可调式范围在0.2mm以内。
优选的,所述锥形螺钉采用304不锈钢/06Cr19Ni10制成。
优选的,所述挤压组件采用聚四氟乙烯和LV12/2A12铝制成。
优选的,所述挤压组件上的孔径小于等于
Figure BDA0002373574640000031
时采用聚四氟乙烯,孔径大于
Figure BDA0002373574640000032
时采用LV12/2A12铝。
优选的,所述挤压组件和主轴的孔径内设有内螺纹。
优选的,所述轴承组件为双轴承。
本发明的有益效果是:空心轴锥度挤压式编码器采用锥度螺钉和挤压组件进行安装,确保客户端轴加工误差在0.2mm内的轴全部可以进行安装,降低客户端轴加工精度问题。锥度螺钉采用304不锈钢/06Cr19Ni10材质,确保在潮湿环境及盐雾环境使用时不上锈。挤压组件采用聚四氟乙烯和LV12/2A12铝,聚四氟乙烯特性具有优良的化学稳定性、耐腐蚀性,耐热性好,LV12铝具有强度高,有一定的耐热性,锥度挤压型安装方式采用内部挤压方式安装,编码器高度达到18mm左右,可实现市场所需的超薄产品,锥度挤压型安装方式采用多面接触挤压方式保证客户轴端面不进行安装损坏问题。针对客户端轴公差要求低,安装后也可满足实际抱紧要求,不会出现抱紧轴壁断裂现象。可应用与各种大小孔径编码器。
附图说明
图1本发明空心轴锥度挤压式编码器爆炸图。
图2本发明空心轴锥度挤压式编码器组装图。
图3本发明空心轴锥度挤压式编码器俯视图。
图4本发明空心轴锥度挤压式编码器局部放大图。
图中:1、锥形螺钉,2、挤压组件,3、外壳组件,4、PCB组件,5、光栅组件,6、主轴,7、第一轴承,8、主体,9、第二轴承,10、光源
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。
如图1和图2所示,空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,该编码器包括:锥形螺钉1、挤压组件2、外壳组件3、PCB组件4、光栅组件5、主轴6、主体8、轴承组件和光源10;所述挤压组件2、外壳组件3、PCB组件4、光栅组件5、主轴6和主体8同轴设置;轴承组件包括第一轴承7和第二轴承8。所述主轴6设有限位沿,所述主轴6穿过主体8,限位沿使主体8和主轴6的位置相对固定,并由套在主轴外的第一轴承7和第二轴承8将所述主轴6和主体8装配在一起;光源10安装在所述主体8内部,与光栅组件5和PCB组件4相对应;所述光栅组件5安装在主轴6上方,通过设置在所述光栅组件5上方的PCB组件4将光栅组件5与所述主体8夹紧;所述外壳组件3设置在最外面,通过锥形螺钉1与挤压组件2和主轴6螺纹连接,从而将外壳组件3和所述主体1装配在一起,所述锥形螺钉1的安装方向与轴向方向平行。通过这种安装方式,与现有的顶丝型的编码器和抱死型的编码器的结构有所不同,现有的两种编码器为了装配,组件中的主轴都会有一个凸台,而本发明的编码器的上表面为平面,大大减小的产品整体的高度。
其中所述锥形螺钉1的斜角部分为5°,与所述锥形螺钉1螺纹连接的挤压组件2内孔的螺纹部分也是带有倾角的,倾斜为5°。所述主轴6的内孔也有内螺纹,所述锥形螺钉1与所述主轴6的可调式范围在0.2mm以内。所述锥形螺钉1采用304不锈钢/06Cr19Ni10制成,抗拉强度:σb(MPa)≥515-1035,硬度:≤201HBW;≤92HRB;≤210HV。所述挤压组件2可以采用聚四氟乙烯和LV12/2A12铝制成。根据所述挤压组件2上的孔径的尺寸来选择用哪种材料:当挤压组件2的孔径小于等于
Figure BDA0002373574640000041
时采用聚四氟乙烯,聚四氟乙烯耐高温温度的范围为200~260度,耐低温-100度不会变形。当挤压组件2的孔径大于
Figure BDA0002373574640000042
时采用LV12/2A12铝,LV12/2A12铝耐高温温度150度,耐低温-60度不会变形。
以上所述实施例,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制,本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改或可轻易想到变化,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改、变化或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

1.空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,该编码器包括:锥形螺钉、挤压组件、外壳组件、PCB组件、光栅组件、主轴、主体、轴承组件和光源;所述挤压组件、外壳组件、PCB组件、光栅组件、主轴和主体同轴设置;所述主轴设有限位沿,所述主轴穿过主体,通过限位沿限位并由套在主轴外的轴承组件将所述主轴和主体装配在一起;光源安装在所述主体内部;所述光栅组件安装在主轴上方,通过设置在所述光栅组件上方的PCB组件与所述主体夹紧;所述外壳组件设置在最外面,通过锥形螺钉穿过挤压组件和主轴将外壳组件和所述主体装配在一起,所述锥形螺钉的安装方向与轴向方向平行。
2.根据权利要求1所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述编码器的上表面为平面。
3.根据权利要求1所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述锥形螺钉的斜角部分为5°。
4.根据权利要求1所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述挤压组件内孔的倾角为5°。
5.根据权利要求1所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述锥形螺钉与所述主轴的可调式范围在0.2mm以内。
6.根据权利要求3所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述锥形螺钉采用304不锈钢/06Cr19Ni10制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述挤压组件采用聚四氟乙烯和LV12/2A12铝制成。
8.根据权利要求7所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述挤压组件上的孔径小于等于
Figure FDA0002373574630000011
时采用聚四氟乙烯,孔径大于
Figure FDA0002373574630000012
时采用LV12/2A12铝。
9.根据权利要求1所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述挤压组件和主轴的孔径内设有内螺纹。
10.根据权利要求1所述的空心轴锥度挤压式编码器,其特征在于,所述轴承组件为双轴承。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111750911A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-10-09 长春禹衡光学有限公司 分体式角度编码器及其安装总成和安装方法
CN114839736A (zh) * 2021-07-30 2022-08-02 深圳市中图仪器股份有限公司 用于降低偏心误差的复合机构和方法

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111750911A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-10-09 长春禹衡光学有限公司 分体式角度编码器及其安装总成和安装方法
CN111750911B (zh) * 2020-07-31 2021-11-05 长春禹衡光学有限公司 分体式角度编码器及其安装总成和安装方法
CN114839736A (zh) * 2021-07-30 2022-08-02 深圳市中图仪器股份有限公司 用于降低偏心误差的复合机构和方法
CN114839736B (zh) * 2021-07-30 2024-01-02 深圳市中图仪器股份有限公司 用于降低偏心误差的复合机构和方法

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