CN111155237B - Composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with antibacterial function and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with antibacterial function and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111155237B CN111155237B CN202010000406.5A CN202010000406A CN111155237B CN 111155237 B CN111155237 B CN 111155237B CN 202010000406 A CN202010000406 A CN 202010000406A CN 111155237 B CN111155237 B CN 111155237B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
- D01F1/103—Agents inhibiting growth of microorganisms
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/08—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyacrylonitrile as constituent
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with an antibacterial function and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the adopted fiber is of a skin-core structure, the core layer component is polypropylene, and the skin layer component is composed of 1-5% by mass of a silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material, 30-49% by mass of mercapto modified polyacrylonitrile and 50-65% by mass of polypropylene. According to the invention, firstly, 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid containing mercapto is grafted to polyacrylonitrile through chemical bonding, and then is subjected to coordination with silver modified nano zinc oxide through solvent impregnation, so that the binding capacity, load uniformity and stability of polyacrylonitrile and nano silver are improved, and the excellent, stable, long-acting and durable antibacterial performance is endowed to the non-woven fabric through the synergistic effect of the quaternary ammonium salt polymer antibacterial agent containing mercapto and the inorganic antibacterial agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-woven fabric materials, in particular to a composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with an antibacterial function and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Polypropylene (PP) fiber nonwoven fabrics are widely used in the field of environmental protection such as water treatment, air purification, wet wipes, etc., but they are easily infected by bacteria or fungi, thereby causing infection and disease transmission. The antimicrobial treatment of polypropylene surfaces has been extensively studied in order to prevent microbial accumulation on the surfaces.
The widely applied antibacterial treatment method at present mainly comprises the steps of coating an antibacterial coating on the surface, adding an antibacterial agent in a physical composite manner, grafting an antibacterial component through the surface chemical bonding of the material and the like. But spraying chemical bactericide can cause microorganism variation and secondary environmental pollution, using nano-antibacterial agent may have cytotoxicity and other safety risks, and the method of making the material have antibacterial function by composite addition also has problems in use aspects such as antibacterial agent processing stability, dispersion uniformity, migration and escape; some of the material surface chemical bonding grafting antibacterial technologies adopt that antibacterial components are grafted on raw materials firstly and then are processed and molded to obtain products with antibacterial performance, but the processing molding, the mechanics and other service performances of polymers can be influenced, and the grafted antibacterial components can be decomposed due to high temperature and high pressure and other reasons in the processing process to lose the antibacterial effect, so that the most effective method is to introduce substances or functional groups with the antibacterial function on the surface of the material directly through chemical action.
The macromolecule antibacterial agent has better antibacterial activity than the micromolecule antibacterial agent, and has safe use, easy processing and good stability. The quaternary ammonium salt polymer antibacterial agent belongs to a surface contact-type antibacterial agent, the structure of the quaternary ammonium salt polymer antibacterial agent cannot be changed in the antibacterial process, so that the quaternary ammonium salt polymer antibacterial agent has recyclable antibacterial performance, is low in cost and high in efficiency, and can be directly combined to the surface of polypropylene fibers by a chemical grafting method, so that a functional material with stable and excellent antibacterial performance can be obtained. In the existing material surface chemical initiation grafting technology, the chemical oxidation modification method is more complex; the high energy radiation energy of the high energy ray can affect the material body: the plasma treatment has a smaller modification range and higher cost: the ultraviolet light initiated grafting modification reaction is limited on the surface of the polymer and can be carried out under specific conditions, thereby limiting the wide application of the ultraviolet light initiated grafting modification reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with an antibacterial function and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with an antibacterial function adopts a fiber with a skin-core structure, a core layer component is polypropylene, and a skin layer component is composed of 1-5% by mass of a silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material, 30-49% by mass of mercapto modified polyacrylonitrile and 50-65% by mass of polypropylene.
Preferably, the sulfhydryl modified polyacrylonitrile is prepared by grafting and modifying polyacrylonitrile by 4-amino-1- (3-sulfhydryl-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid.
According to the invention, 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid is adopted to carry out graft modification on polyacrylonitrile, and the amino functional group of the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid is combined with cyano group to react, so that the dipole effect between the cyano groups in polyacrylonitrile molecules can be reduced, the stiffness and the coupling effect of polyacrylonitrile molecular chains are weakened, the melting point of polyacrylonitrile can be reduced, and melt spinning is realized.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid to the polyacrylonitrile is 1: 1-2, and the grafting reaction temperature is 120-140 ℃.
The preparation method of the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid comprises the following steps:
step 1): dissolving 1, 3-dibromopropane and 4-aminopyridine in acetonitrile, N2Protecting, heating and refluxing, stirring and reacting for 12h, then carrying out vacuum filtration, and evaporating supernatant to obtain a solid product I;
step 2): reacting potassium thioacetate with the product I, taking acetonitrile as a solvent, after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration, and evaporating the solvent from filtrate to obtain a product II;
step 3): reacting the product II with ammonium hexafluorophosphate aqueous solution, after the reaction is finished, carrying out suction filtration, and drying filter residues to obtain a product III;
step 4): product III dissolved, N2And (3) protecting, sequentially adding a NaOH solution and an HCl solution, stirring for reaction, evaporating the solvent to obtain a solid substance after the reaction is finished, extracting by using an organic solvent, and evaporating the solvent to obtain a target product of the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid.
Preferably, the preparation method of the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material comprises the following steps: under the condition of water bath stirring, a certain amount of nano ZnO and gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane solution are added into a reaction bottle for reaction, and then AgNO is added into the reaction solution3And (3) continuously stirring the solution for reaction for 20-40 min, adding sodium citrate into the reaction system, reacting for 1-2 h at constant temperature, cooling to room temperature, and centrifugally drying the product obtained by the reaction to obtain the sodium citrate-sodium-potassium-sodium-.
Preferably, the AgNO3The dosage of the nano ZnO is 1-5% of the mass of the nano ZnO.
Preferably, the dosage of the gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane is 0.5-2.5% of the mass of the nano ZnO.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material with the mass percent of 1-5% in N, N-dimethylformamide and ultrasonically dispersing uniformly, then adding 30-49% of sulfhydryl modified polyacrylonitrile slices with the mass percent, stirring and reacting at 100-120 ℃, and after the reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying for later use;
s2, mixing, melting and granulating the modified polyacrylonitrile slices prepared in the step S1 and 50-65% by mass of polypropylene slices;
s3, carrying out melt granulation on the polypropylene slices to obtain polypropylene master batches;
s4, respectively ejecting the particles melted in the steps S2 and S3 through a nozzle by an extruder, wherein the particles melted in the step S2 are skin layer parts, and the particles melted in the step S3 are core layer parts, and cooling to obtain fiber yarns;
s5, preparing the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function by using the fiber filaments prepared in the step S4.
Preferably, the diameter of the fiber filament is 1-80 μm.
The invention also provides application of the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function in an automobile air conditioner filter element, a mask, an air purifier or a water treatment permeable membrane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention firstly grafts 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid containing mercapto group onto polyacrylonitrile through chemical bonding, thereby leading the mercapto group to the surface of raw materials of a melt spinning method, and then leads the modified polyacrylonitrile and silver modified nano zinc oxide to be coordinated through solvent impregnation, thereby improving the binding capacity of the polyacrylonitrile and the nano silver and the load uniformity and stability of the nano antibacterial agent.
(2) The invention adopts a composite spinning melt-blowing method to prepare the non-woven fabric with a sheath-core structure, the core layer component is polypropylene, the sheath layer component is functional materials, sulfydryl modified polyacrylonitrile and polypropylene, the functional materials are wrapped by the polypropylene and are uniformly loaded on the sheath surface of the sulfydryl modified polyacrylonitrile, so that the non-woven fabric is easier to contact with the outside to release the special function, the functional materials have stronger functionality and more lasting functional effect.
(3) The silver modified nano zinc oxide inorganic antibacterial agent is combined on the surface of polyacrylonitrile in a silver-sulfur bond coordination self-assembly mode, so that the load uniformity and the stability are higher, the performances of stretching and the like of the polyacrylonitrile cannot be influenced, the corresponding functionality of the polyacrylonitrile can be fully released, the functionality is stronger, and the prepared non-woven fabric has better antibacterial and washable performances.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
In the following embodiment, the antibacterial property, mechanical property and washing resistance of the prepared non-woven fabric are tested, and the specific test method is as follows.
And (3) antibacterial property: reference is made to GB/T20944.3-2008 section 3 for evaluation of antibacterial properties of textiles: shaking method, selecting Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Mechanical properties: referring to GB/T14344-2008 "test method for tensile property of chemical fiber filament", YG (B)021H type chemical fiber filament electronic strength machine manufactured by Darong textile instruments, Inc. in Wenzhou is adopted to test the breaking strength and initial modulus of a sample to be tested at 25 ℃.
Washing fastness: the sample to be tested was subjected to standard washing according to the washfastness test method in AATCC 61-2007. The method comprises the following specific steps: preheating the non-woven fabric to 40 ℃ in advance by using a washing machine, putting the non-woven fabric with the specification of 5cm multiplied by 10cm into a washing cup containing 200mL of soap lotion and 10 steel balls with the diameter of 6mm, putting the non-woven fabric into the washing machine, running for 45min, recording as washing once (equivalent to washing 5 times at home), washing the non-woven fabric for 10 times, and detecting the antibacterial activity of the non-woven fabric.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with an antibacterial function, the adopted fiber is of a sheath-core structure, the core layer component is polypropylene, and the sheath layer component is composed of 2% by mass of silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material, 40% by mass of mercapto modified polyacrylonitrile and 58% by mass of polypropylene.
The preparation method of the sulfhydryl modified polyacrylonitrile comprises the following steps: immersing 1g of polyacrylonitrile in a methanol solution containing 1g of 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, adjusting the pH value of a reaction system to be alkalescent (pH 7.5-9.0) by using NaOH, and reacting at 130 ℃; after the reaction is finished, taking out and washing the product to be neutral by using distilled water; and (3) soaking the primarily prepared product in 0.1mol/L HCI solution for 2h, taking out, washing the product to be neutral by using distilled water, and drying the product in vacuum at the temperature of 60 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the sulfhydryl modified polyacrylonitrile slice.
The preparation method of the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material comprises the following steps: under the condition of stirring in water bath at 60 ℃, a certain amount of nano ZnO and gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane solution are added into a reaction bottle for reaction, and then AgNO is added into the reaction solution3Continuously stirring the solution for reaction for 30min, adding sodium citrate into the reaction system, reacting at constant temperature for 1.5h, cooling to room temperature, and centrifugally drying the product obtained by the reaction to obtain the sodium citrate-sodium sulfate solution; wherein, the AgNO3The dosage of the nano ZnO is 3 percent of the mass of the nano ZnO; the molar dosage of the sodium citrate is AgNO32.5 times of the dosage; the dosage of the gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane is 1.5 percent of the mass of the nano ZnO.
The preparation method of the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function comprises the following steps:
s1, dispersing the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material with the mass percent of 2% in N-N-dimethylformamide and uniformly dispersing the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material in the N-N-dimethylformamide by ultrasonic, then adding 40% of sulfhydryl modified polyacrylonitrile slices by mass percent, stirring the mixture at 110 ℃ for reaction, and after the reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying the mixture for later use;
s2, mixing, melting and granulating the modified polyacrylonitrile slices prepared in the step S1 and polypropylene slices with the mass percentage of 58%;
s3, carrying out melt granulation on the polypropylene slices to obtain polypropylene master batches;
s4, respectively ejecting the particles melted in the steps S2 and S3 through a nozzle by an extruder, wherein the particles melted in the step S2 are skin layer parts, and the particles melted in the step S3 are core layer parts, and cooling to obtain fiber yarns;
s5, preparing the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function by using the fiber filaments prepared in the step S4.
Examples 2 to 5
Examples 2 to 5 provide a composite spun melt-blown nonwoven fabric having an antibacterial function, which is different from example 1 in that the mass percentages of the components in the skin layer are changed, and other operations are the same, and are not repeated herein, and specific experimental condition parameters and performance test results are shown in the following table.
The results in the table show that the composite spinning melt-blown nonwoven fabric prepared by the invention has better antibacterial property, washing resistance and mechanical strength, and the nonwoven fabric prepared under the condition of the embodiment 1 has the best performance in all aspects. The results of the comparative examples 1-3 and 4 show that the prepared non-woven fabric has excellent antibacterial performance and does not influence the mechanical performance of the non-woven fabric through the synergistic effect of the thiol-containing 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid quaternary ammonium salt polymer antibacterial agent and the silver modified nano zinc oxide inorganic antibacterial agent; comparing the results of examples 1 to 3 and example 5, it can be seen that when the content of the silver-modified nano zinc oxide is too high, the washing resistance and the mechanical properties of the non-woven fabric are significantly affected, which is probably because when the usage amount of the silver-modified nano zinc oxide inorganic antibacterial agent is too large, part of the silver-modified nano zinc oxide inorganic antibacterial agent is loaded on the surface of polyacrylonitrile through adsorption, and compared with the situation that the binding force between the silver-modified nano zinc oxide inorganic antibacterial agent and the polyacrylonitrile is reduced through coordination of silver-sulfur bonds, the washing resistance of the prepared non-woven fabric is reduced; meanwhile, a large number of experiments show that when the using amount of the inorganic antibacterial agent is too large, the mechanical properties such as the stretching property of polyacrylonitrile are obviously reduced, so that the using amount of the silver modified nano zinc oxide inorganic antibacterial agent is controlled within 5 percent.
Examples 6 to 12
Embodiments 6 to 12 provide a composite spinning melt-blown nonwoven fabric with an antibacterial function, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the mass ratio of the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridinium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid to polyacrylonitrile and/or the grafting reaction temperature in the grafting modification reaction process of the mercapto-modified polyacrylonitrile are changed, other operations are the same, and details are not repeated herein, and specific experimental condition parameters and performance test results are shown in the following table.
From the results in the table, it can be seen that changing the mass ratio of the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridinium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid to the polyacrylonitrile in the graft modification reaction process of the mercapto-modified polyacrylonitrile can significantly affect the antibacterial property, the washing resistance and the mechanical strength of the prepared composite spinning melt-blown nonwoven fabric, and the nonwoven fabric prepared under the conditions of the embodiment 1 has the best performance in all aspects; meanwhile, the results of the comparative example 1 and the example 7 show that the antibacterial and washable performances of the non-woven fabric can be remarkably improved by grafting and modifying polyacrylonitrile by using the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid and then loading the silver modified nano zinc oxide inorganic antibacterial agent.
The results of the comparative example 1 and the examples 9 to 12 show that the change of the reaction temperature in the grafting modification reaction process of the sulfhydryl-modified polyacrylonitrile can significantly affect the antibacterial property, the washing resistance and the mechanical strength of the prepared composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric, and the non-woven fabric prepared in the grafting reaction temperature range defined by the invention has better performance.
Examples 13 to 19
Examples 13 to 19 provide a composite spun melt-blown nonwoven fabric having an antibacterial function, which is different from example 1 in that AgNO is changed in the preparation method of the silver-modified nano zinc oxide composite material3The dosage of the gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane and the dosage of the gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane are the same as other operations, which are not repeated herein, and the specific experimental condition parameters and performance test results are shown in the following table。
From the results in the table, it can be seen that AgNO was changed in the preparation method of the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material3The dosage of the composition can obviously influence the prepared composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric to have better antibacterial performance, washing resistance and mechanical strength, and the non-woven fabric prepared under the condition of the embodiment 1 has the best performance in all aspects; meanwhile, the results of the comparative example 1 and the example 13 show that the antibacterial and washable performances of the non-woven fabric can be remarkably improved through the synergistic effect of the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid quaternary ammonium salt polymer antibacterial agent, the nano-silver and zinc oxide inorganic antibacterial agent.
The results of comparative example 1 and examples 16 to 19 show that the change of the amount of gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane used in the preparation method of the silver-modified nano-zinc oxide composite material can significantly affect the antibacterial property, the washing resistance and the mechanical strength of the prepared composite spun melt-blown nonwoven fabric, and the results of comparative example 1 and example 16 show that the antibacterial property, the washing resistance and the mechanical strength of the prepared composite spun melt-blown nonwoven fabric can be significantly improved by treating the silver-modified nano-zinc oxide composite material with gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethoxysilane.
While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention; those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and alterations of the above embodiments according to the spirit and techniques of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function is characterized in that the adopted fiber is of a sheath-core structure, the core layer component is polypropylene, and the sheath layer component consists of 1-5% by mass of silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material, 30-49% by mass of mercapto modified polyacrylonitrile and 50-65% by mass of polypropylene; the sulfydryl modified polyacrylonitrile is prepared by grafting and modifying polyacrylonitrile by 4-amino-1- (3-sulfydryl-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid; the preparation method of the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material comprises the following steps: under the condition of water bath stirring, a certain amount of nano ZnO and gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane solution are added into a reaction bottle for reaction, and then AgNO is added into the reaction solution3Continuously stirring the solution for reaction for 20-40 min, adding sodium citrate into the reaction system, reacting for 1-2 h at constant temperature, cooling to room temperature, and centrifugally drying the product obtained by the reaction to obtain the sodium citrate-; the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material is coordinated and combined with the sulfydryl of the 4-amino-1- (3-sulfydryl-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid so as to improve the durability of antibacterial performance and the mechanical performance of non-woven fabric; the breaking strength of the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric is 0.88-1.05N/tex.
2. The composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the 4-amino-1- (3-mercapto-propyl) -pyridine hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid to polyacrylonitrile is 1: 1-2, and the grafting reaction temperature is 120-140 ℃.
3. The composite spinning melt-blown nonwoven fabric with antibacterial function of claim 1, wherein the AgNO is3The dosage of the nano ZnO is 1-5% of the mass of the nano ZnO.
4. The composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function according to claim 1, wherein the dosage of the gamma- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane is 0.5-2.5% of the mass of the nano ZnO.
5. The preparation method of the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dispersing the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material with the mass percent of 1-5% in N-N-dimethylformamide and uniformly dispersing the silver modified nano zinc oxide composite material in an ultrasonic mode, then adding 30-49% of sulfhydryl modified polyacrylonitrile slices with the mass percent, stirring the materials at 100-120 ℃ for reaction, and after the reaction is finished, centrifuging, washing and drying the materials for later use;
s2, mixing, melting and granulating the modified polyacrylonitrile slices prepared in the step S1 and 50-65% by mass of polypropylene slices;
s3, carrying out melt granulation on the polypropylene slices to obtain polypropylene master batches;
s4, respectively ejecting the particles melted in the steps S2 and S3 through a nozzle by an extruder, wherein the particles melted in the step S2 are skin layer parts, and the particles melted in the step S3 are core layer parts, and cooling to obtain fiber yarns;
s5, using the fiber filament obtained in the step S4 to obtain the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The preparation method of the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function according to claim 5, wherein the diameter of the fiber filaments is 1-80 μm.
7. The composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric with the antibacterial function according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the composite spinning melt-blown non-woven fabric prepared by the method according to any one of claims 5 to 6 is characterized by being applied to an automobile air conditioner filter element, a mask, an air purifier or a water treatment permeable membrane.
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