CN111155081A - Ice skate blade coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ice skate blade coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111155081A CN111155081A CN202010003374.4A CN202010003374A CN111155081A CN 111155081 A CN111155081 A CN 111155081A CN 202010003374 A CN202010003374 A CN 202010003374A CN 111155081 A CN111155081 A CN 111155081A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ice skate blade coating and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the pulse laser deposition system is adopted to deposit the titanium alloy mixed powder on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate, the complete TiC and TiB network skeleton is generated in situ, the wear resistance of the titanium alloy is improved, the HRC value of the ice blade is above 60HRC, and the hardness requirement of the ice blade can be completely met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional glass and laminated glass, in particular to an ice skate coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The blade of the ice skate is generally made of high-quality steel such as high-speed steel, spring steel and stainless steel, the rigidity of the blade can generally meet the use requirement, and the failure of the ice skate is generally represented as the failure of the blade.
Some researchers conclude the failure of the blade of the ice skate into a blunt edge, a curled edge, a notched edge (a tipping edge), a deflected edge, a ridge edge and the like. The blunt edge, the offset edge and the ridge edge are caused by the failure caused by the gradual abrasion of the edge of the ice skate blade due to the poor surface wear resistance of the edge of the ice skate blade and the incapability of bearing long-time high-speed friction between the edge of the ice skate blade and the ice surface; in addition, the formation of the offset edge and the ridge edge may also be caused by the micro-structural non-uniformity of the blade material, and the structural uniformity is mainly determined by the heat treatment process; the edge rolling is caused by that the strength of the blade base material is insufficient, and the blade becomes plastically deformed during pedaling and sliding, so that the blade cannot effectively grab or cut ice and is invalid; the edge is formed by brittle fracture of the cutting edge material caused by collision with foreign matters in the service process due to insufficient toughness of the base material of the blade.
In view of the failure form and failure mechanism of the ice skate, researchers at home and abroad make a great deal of research and attempt on the materials, structures and heat treatment processes of the ice skate to manufacture the high-performance ice skate. The improvement of the ice skate structure is mainly researched and focused on the aspects of blade radian, sharpening technology, bimetallic blades and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention provides an ice skate blade coating and a preparation method thereof.
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing an ice blade coating layer, which is prepared by laser welding a titanium alloy laser-welded powder, which is a mixed powder of cubic boron carbide and a titanium alloy, on a base material, which is a titanium alloy ice blade base material. According to the invention, the titanium alloy blade base material is adopted, so that the toughness of the ice skate is improved, the brittle fracture of the blade edge is avoided after the ice skate collides with foreign matters in the service process, the blade edge is subjected to laser cladding of cubic boron carbide and titanium alloy mixed powder, the wear resistance of the blade edge is improved, and the service life of the ice skate is integrally prolonged. The titanium alloy ice skate blade simultaneously reduces the weight of the ice skate blade, and has the characteristics of wear resistance, light weight, no rustiness and the like.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the titanium alloy laser deposited powder consists of, by weight, 76.5-85.5% of Ti, 5.1-5.7% of Al, 3.4-3.8% of V, 0.975-2.925% of C, 4.025-12.075% of B, preferably 80.5-82.5% of Ti, 5.3-6.3% of Al, 1.85-2.03% of V, 1.50-2.55% of C, and 8.10-8.60% of B, and the titanium alloy laser deposited powder is a high-strength high-elasticity metastable β type titanium alloy as a cutter body material, and has the advantages of good plasticity, high strength and elasticity, and good hardenability, and can meet the use requirements of an ice cutter body.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the titanium alloy ice blade substrate is a metastable β type titanium alloy ice blade substrate.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the titanium alloy laser deposited powder is a fine powder sieved by 80 to 325 mesh, preferably a spherical powder, and/or has a particle size of 45 to 180 μm.
According to some preferred embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the steps of:
step 1), preparing welding powder: preparing the titanium alloy laser deposited powder according to a proportion, fully mixing and drying;
step 2), preparing a base material: pretreating the base material for later use;
step 3), laser deposition: placing the titanium alloy laser deposited powder and the base material in a laser to perform laser deposition;
step 4), stress relief treatment: performing stress relief annealing treatment on the deposited ice skate;
step 5), grinding: and grinding the ice skate after stress relief annealing.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step 1), the raw material of the titanium alloy laser deposited powder is sieved, preferably 80 to 325 mesh, and more preferably 100 to 200 mesh; and/or drying at 100-200 ℃, preferably 120 ℃, for 1-2.5 hours, preferably 2 hours.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step 2), the pretreatment is grinding, polishing, degreasing, cleaning and drying treatment; and/or, in the step 3), placing the substrate in a protection system, and performing vacuumizing and argon filling treatment; preferably, the oxygen content of the protection system is controlled to be less than 50ppm and the water content is controlled to be less than 50 ppm.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in step 3), the substrate is subjected to a preheating treatment before laser welding, wherein the temperature is 200 to 300 ℃, and the time is 1 to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour; and/or the laser is a laser 4000W optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser, preferably, the process parameters of the laser are as follows: the wavelength is 1064nm, the output power is 2200-3600W, preferably 3200W, the spot diameter is 4mm, the scanning speed is 10-30 mm/s, preferably 10mm/s, single-channel or multi-channel welding is adopted, and the single channel or the multiple channels are determined by the width of an ice skate.
According to some preferred embodiments of the present invention, in the step 4), the stress relief annealing treatment is performed by heating to 600-720 ℃, preferably 650 ℃, in a muffle furnace at a speed of 10-50 ℃/min, preferably 20 ℃/min, maintaining for 0.5-2 h, preferably 1h, and then cooling with the furnace.
The invention also provides a titanium alloy ice skate wear-resistant coating prepared by the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pulse laser deposition system is adopted to deposit the titanium alloy mixed powder on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate, the abrasion resistance of the titanium alloy is improved by in-situ self-generation of complete TiC and TiB network frameworks, and the abrasion resistance is 2 times higher than that of the common titanium alloy material through the verification of a friction and abrasion test, and the HRC value of the ice blade is more than 60HRC, so that the hardness requirement of the ice skate can be completely met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a gold phase diagram of an optical microscope of an ice blade wear-resistant coating provided in example 4 of the present invention (wherein 1 to 4 correspond to 50 times, 100 times, 500 times and 1000 times, respectively).
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and includes any combination of the specific embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, the specific techniques or conditions not specified in the examples are performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specification. The instruments and the like are conventional products which are purchased by normal distributors and are not indicated by manufacturers. The chemical raw materials used in the invention can be conveniently bought in domestic chemical product markets.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a hard coating which is formed by depositing a wear-resistant layer on the surface of β type titanium alloy and depositing a layer of in-situ self-generated complete TiC/TiB network framework on the surface of a titanium alloy ice skate, and the hard coating specifically comprises the following steps:
the main components of the welding powder are as follows: 85.5% of Ti, 5.7% of Al, 3.8% of V, 4.025% of B and 0.975% of C;
grinding, polishing, degreasing, cleaning and drying a titanium alloy cutter ice skate (50mm thick), putting the ice skate into a processing chamber of a laser cladding system, and vacuumizing and argon filling the processing chamber;
fully mixing the mixed powder which is sieved in advance and has a particle size of 100-200 meshes, drying the mixed powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, cooling the mixed powder, placing the cooled mixed powder into a powder feeder of a laser cladding system, and adjusting the rotating speed of the powder feeder to enable the powder feeding amount to reach 2.16g per minute;
adjusting laser process parameters: wavelength 1064 nm; the output power is 2400W; the diameter of the light spot is 4 mm; the scanning speed is 10 mm/s;
single welding is adopted in the deposition process, the number of welding layers is 4, and the weldment is slowly cooled to room temperature in the environment after welding;
carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the deposited weldment, slowly heating to 650 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the speed of 20 ℃ per minute, and keeping for 1 hour to ensure that the weldment is cooled along with the furnace after the welding stress is fully released;
and machining the ice skate subjected to stress relief annealing to finish the manufacturing process of the whole ice skate.
The thickness of the blade of the wear-resistant titanium alloy ice skate blade prepared by the embodiment reaches 5mm, the Rockwell hardness reaches 52HRC, but the wear resistance is general.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a hard coating which is formed by depositing a wear-resistant layer on the surface of β type titanium alloy and depositing a layer of in-situ self-generated complete TiC/TiB network framework on the surface of a titanium alloy ice skate, and the hard coating specifically comprises the following steps:
the main components of the welding powder are as follows: 76.5 percent of Ti, 5.1 percent of Al, 3.4 percent of V, 12.075 percent of B and 2.925 percent of C;
grinding, polishing, degreasing, cleaning and drying a titanium alloy ice skate substrate (10mm thick), putting the titanium alloy ice skate substrate into a processing chamber of a laser cladding system, and vacuumizing and argon filling;
and fully mixing the mixed powder which is sieved in advance and is 100-200 meshes, drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, cooling, placing in a powder feeder of a laser cladding system, and adjusting the rotating speed of the powder feeder to ensure that the cladding powder feeding amount is 2.16g per minute.
Adjusting laser process parameters: wavelength 1064 nm; output power 2800W; the diameter of the light spot is 4 mm; the scanning speed is 10 mm/s;
three-layer welding with 4 layers is adopted in the deposition process, the lapping rate is 50%, and the titanium alloy cutter is slowly cooled to room temperature in the environment after welding;
carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the deposited ice skate, slowly heating to 650 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the speed of 20 ℃ per minute, and keeping for 1 hour to ensure that the welding stress is fully released and then is cooled along with the furnace;
and machining the ice skate subjected to stress relief annealing to finish the manufacturing process of the whole ice skate.
The thickness of the blade of the wear-resistant titanium alloy ice skate blade prepared by the embodiment reaches 3mm, the Rockwell hardness reaches 71HRC, but the blade is easy to crack when the hardness is too high.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a hard coating which is formed by depositing a wear-resistant layer on an β type titanium alloy surface and depositing a layer of in-situ self-generated complete TiC/TiB network framework on a titanium alloy metal surface, and the hard coating specifically comprises the following steps:
the main components of the welding powder are as follows: 81.0% of Ti, 5.4% of Al, 3.06% of V, 1.97% of B and 8.57% of C;
grinding, polishing, degreasing, cleaning and drying a titanium alloy cutter substrate (20mm thick), putting the titanium alloy cutter substrate into a processing chamber of a laser cladding system, and vacuumizing and argon filling;
fully mixing the mixed powder which is sieved in advance and has a particle size of 100-200 meshes, drying the mixed powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, cooling the mixed powder, placing the cooled mixed powder into a powder feeder of a laser cladding system, and adjusting the rotating speed of the powder feeder to ensure that the powder feeding amount of a cladding blade is 1.944g per minute;
adjusting laser process parameters: wavelength 1064 nm; the output power is 3200W; the diameter of the light spot is 4 mm; the scanning speed is 30 mm/s;
three-layer welding and four-layer welding are adopted in the deposition process, the lapping rate is 50%, and the titanium alloy cutter is slowly cooled to room temperature in the environment after welding;
carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the deposited cutter, slowly heating to 650 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the speed of 20 ℃ per minute, and keeping for 1 hour to ensure that the welding stress is fully released and then is cooled along with the furnace;
and (4) machining the stress-removed annealed cutter to finish the manufacturing process of the whole cutter.
The wear-resistant titanium alloy ice skate blade prepared by the embodiment has the advantages of thickness of 1.8mm, hardness of 64HRC and high wear resistance.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a hard coating which is formed by depositing a wear-resistant layer on an β type titanium alloy surface and depositing a layer of in-situ self-generated complete TiC/TiB network framework on a titanium alloy metal surface, and the hard coating specifically comprises the following steps:
the main components of the welding powder are as follows: 81.0% of Ti, 6.0% of Al, 4.0% of V, 1.87% of B and 8.13% of C;
grinding, polishing, degreasing, cleaning and drying a titanium alloy cutter substrate (20mm thick), putting the titanium alloy cutter substrate into a processing chamber of a laser cladding system, and vacuumizing and argon filling;
fully mixing the mixed powder which is sieved in advance and has a particle size of 100-200 meshes, drying the mixed powder for 2 hours at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, cooling the mixed powder, placing the cooled mixed powder into a powder feeder of a laser cladding system, and adjusting the rotating speed of the powder feeder to enable the powder feeding amount of a cladding blade to be 2g per minute;
adjusting laser process parameters: wavelength 1064 nm; the output power is 3200W; the diameter of the light spot is 4 mm; the scanning speed is 10 mm/s;
three-layer welding and four-layer welding are adopted in the deposition process, the lapping rate is 50%, and the titanium alloy cutter is slowly cooled to room temperature in the environment after welding;
carrying out stress relief annealing treatment on the deposited cutter, slowly heating to 650 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the speed of 20 ℃ per minute, and keeping for 1 hour to ensure that the welding stress is fully released and then is cooled along with the furnace;
and (4) machining the stress-removed annealed cutter to finish the manufacturing process of the whole cutter.
The wear-resistant titanium alloy ice skate blade prepared by the embodiment has the advantages of 5mm in thickness, 62HRC in hardness and high wear resistance. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the microstructure of the surface of the wear-resistant coating of the ice skate blade is uniform.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example uses the same processing method as example 1 except that the comparative example uses only β titanium alloy and does not use laser cladding.
The test results of the different examples and comparative examples were measured using hardness and frictional wear: and (3) hardness measurement: measuring 5 points randomly by a Vickers hardness tester at 200g for 10s and taking an average value; weight loss on abrasion: measured by an analytical balance with an accuracy of 0.00001; coefficient of friction: the loading force is 10N, the linear friction reciprocating motion of 10mm, the friction time is 10min, the friction pair is GCr15, and the test is carried out at the speed of 0.04 m/s.
The abrasion-resistant titanium alloy ice skate blade prepared by using the β type titanium alloy which is not subjected to laser treatment and used in the above example and comparative example 1 is subjected to a friction abrasion test, the abrasion resistance of the abrasion-resistant titanium alloy ice skate blade is 2 times higher than that of the β type titanium alloy material, and the specific abrasion resistance detection results are shown in the following table.
TABLE 1 hardness and abrasion resistance test results
| Item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example 1 |
| Hardness of | 52HRC | 71HRC | 64HRC | 62HRC | 46HRC |
| Loss on abrasion (g) | 0.00117 | 0.00030 | 0.00043 | 0.00068 | 0.00142 |
| Stable coefficient of dynamic friction | 1.0±0.2 | 0.25±0.05 | 0.51±0.1 | 0.53±0.1 | 0.81±0.1 |
| Effect of the process | Easy to form | Is not easy to form | Easy to form | Easy to form | - |
The titanium alloy mixed powder is deposited on the surface of a titanium alloy substrate by adopting a pulse laser deposition system, a complete TiC and TiB network skeleton is generated in situ, the wear resistance of the titanium alloy is improved, the wear resistance and the formability of the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4 are better according to the table 1, the HRC value of the ice blade is more than 60HRC, and the hardness requirement of the ice skate blade can be completely met.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the ice skate blade coating is characterized in that the ice skate blade coating is prepared by laser cladding titanium alloy laser cladding powder on a base material, wherein the titanium alloy laser cladding powder is mixed powder of cubic boron carbide and titanium alloy, and the base material is a titanium alloy ice skate blade base material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the titanium alloy laser deposited powder is comprised of Ti, Al, V, C and B, preferably wherein the titanium alloy laser deposited powder comprises the following components in weight percent: 76.5 to 85.5 percent of Ti, 5.1 to 5.7 percent of All, 3.4 to 3.8 percent of V, 0.975 to 2.925 percent of C and 4.025 to 12.075 percent of B, preferably 80.5 to 82.5 percent of Ti, 5.3 to 6.3 percent of Al, 1.85 to 2.03 percent of V, 1.50 to 2.55 percent of C and 8.10 to 8.60 percent of B.
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the titanium alloy ice blade substrate is a metastable β type titanium alloy ice blade substrate.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the titanium alloy laser deposited powder is a fine powder sieved with a sieve of 80 to 325 mesh, preferably a spherical powder, and/or has a particle diameter of 45 to 180 μm.
5. Method according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
step 1), preparing welding powder: preparing the titanium alloy laser deposited powder according to a proportion, fully mixing and drying;
step 2), preparing a base material: pretreating the base material for later use;
step 3), laser deposition: placing the titanium alloy laser deposited powder and the base material in a laser to perform laser deposition;
step 4), stress relief treatment: performing stress relief annealing treatment on the deposited ice skate;
step 5), grinding: and grinding the ice skate after stress relief annealing.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step 1), the raw material of the titanium alloy laser deposited powder is sieved, preferably 80 to 325 mesh, more preferably 100 to 200 mesh; and/or drying at 100-200 ℃, preferably 120 ℃, for 1-2.5 hours, preferably 2 hours.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step 2), the pretreatment is grinding, polishing, degreasing, cleaning and drying treatment; and/or, in the step 3), placing the substrate in a protection system, and performing vacuumizing and argon filling treatment; preferably, the oxygen content of the protection system is controlled to be less than 50ppm and the water content is controlled to be less than 50 ppm.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step 3), the substrate is subjected to a pre-heating treatment before laser cladding, at a temperature of 200 to 300 ℃ for 1 to 2 hours, preferably 1 hour; and/or the laser is a laser 4000W optical fiber coupling semiconductor laser, preferably, the process parameters of the laser are as follows: the wavelength is 1064nm, the output power is 2200-3600W, preferably 3200W, the spot diameter is 4mm, the scanning speed is 10-30 mm/s, preferably 10mm/s, and single-pass or multi-pass welding is adopted.
9. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step 4), the stress relief annealing treatment is carried out by raising the temperature to 600-720 ℃, preferably 650 ℃, in a muffle furnace at a speed of 10-50 ℃/min, preferably 20 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 0.5-2 h, preferably 1h, and then cooling with the furnace.
10. A titanium alloy ice blade wear resistant coating prepared according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Application publication date: 20200515 |