CN111142158B - Calibration method for improving seismic interpretation precision of fault-order structure - Google Patents
Calibration method for improving seismic interpretation precision of fault-order structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111142158B CN111142158B CN202010044031.2A CN202010044031A CN111142158B CN 111142158 B CN111142158 B CN 111142158B CN 202010044031 A CN202010044031 A CN 202010044031A CN 111142158 B CN111142158 B CN 111142158B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/64—Geostructures, e.g. in 3D data cubes
- G01V2210/642—Faults
Abstract
The invention discloses a calibration method for improving the seismic interpretation precision of a fault-order structure, which belongs to the technical field of oil field development and comprises the following steps of: selecting broken-order data and detecting data values; step 2: drawing a broken-order section view; and step 3: lithology layering is carried out through a detector, and the lithology layering is substituted into the drawn step-off profile; and 4, step 4: calculating the seismic interpretation precision generated in the fault order of the same material through proportion simulation; and 5: and substituting the precision calculated according to the proportion into the overall step data, and obtaining the overall precision according to the simulation precision. According to the invention, the numerical value of a part of fault orders is measured and substituted into the whole, and the generated fuzzy numerical value is added for the second time, so that the precision range is ensured, the influence of the fuzzy numerical value on the whole range is reduced, and the seismic interpretation precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield development, in particular to a calibration method for improving the seismic interpretation precision of a fault-order structure.
Background
The fault step is a series of stepped descending faults formed by the fault development on the slope, and when the fault step has a certain scale and influence, the fault step can be independently marked as an oil-gas construction unit, and the key for improving the corresponding calibration precision between the stratum drilled by each well in the target area and the seismic phase is to improve the interpretation precision of the seismic construction. The calibration of the stratum encountered by well drilling and the seismic phase position commonly used at present depends on the seismic time-depth relationship, two methods for establishing the seismic time-depth relationship are provided, the first method is the point-to-surface time-depth relationship which is suitable for a stable and flat geological structure environment, the terrain of a target area is flat, the deposited material components and the thickness are stable, the structure is relatively simple, the fault distance is relatively small, and the difference of the sound wave propagation speed of each part in the target area is very small. Under such geological conditions, the velocity field within the target zone may be considered a relationship that is related only to the two-way time t, regardless of the geographic coordinates X, Y within the target zone, and thus, the time-depth relationship of a preferred well may be considered approximately consistent with the time-depth relationships of all wells throughout the zone, and the time-depth conversion of the wells throughout the zone may be achieved using the time-depth relationships of the preferred wells. The second method is a speed field time depth relation, and the time depth conversion relation is suitable for a geological structure environment with relatively simple geological structure and regularly gradual change of stratum buried depth or stratum sediment components or thickness, so that under the geological condition, a relational formula which accords with the change of the regional speed field can be solved by selecting a representative multi-critical well position time depth relation in a target region and calculating and fitting through a formula, and the relational formula is not only related to double-pass time t, but also related to geographic coordinates X, Y in the target region. Although the relational formula can be calculated and fitted to the actual situation close to or more close to the seismic velocity field by increasing the power of t, x and y in the formula by using a complex mathematical formula, but for the existence of a large fault, the composition and thickness of sediment of the upper and lower disks of the fault, or even the change difference of metamorphism, crystallization, weathering and the like caused by further modification, the earthquake velocity field has sudden change due to the existence of the fault, so that under the condition that the difference of the sound wave propagation velocity of the upper and lower disks of the large fault is large, the time-depth relation between the stratum met by the well drilling and the seismic phase determined by the two methods is used for calibrating the corresponding position between the stratum met by the well drilling and the seismic phase, the first method has an error of 80-120 meters on different fault steps, and the second method has an error of 10-50 meters near a large fault, so that the later fine development of the oil field is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calibration method for improving the seismic interpretation precision of a fault-order structure. So as to overcome the defects of the prior art. The method can improve the seismic interpretation precision of the fault-order structure and reduce the influence on the fine development of the oil field.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a calibration method for improving the seismic interpretation precision of a fault-order structure comprises the following steps:
step 1: selecting broken-order data and detecting data values;
step 2: drawing a sectional view according to the data value detected in the step 1;
and step 3: lithology layering is carried out through a detector, and the lithology layering is substituted into the drawn step-off profile;
and 4, step 4: calculating the seismic interpretation precision generated in the fault order of the same material through proportion simulation;
and 5: and (3) substituting the seismic interpretation precision calculated by the proportional simulation into the data value detected in the step (1), and obtaining the overall precision according to the seismic interpretation precision.
Further, the specific method for selecting the interrupt level data in step 1 is as follows:
step 1.1: selecting a fault order detection area;
step 1.2: selecting a detection starting point and a detection end point;
step 1.3: and acquiring integral rock mass characteristics of a detection starting point and a detection end point, and performing rock mass stratification according to a fuzzy algorithm.
Further, the data value detection in step 1 includes detecting a distance between a starting point and an end point and detecting a contact range value of adjacent rock formations.
Further, when the step 2 is drawn as a cross-sectional view, all the contact range values generated in the step 1 are marked clearly, i.e., the ambiguous values are represented by transitional colors or symbols.
Further, the concrete method for lithology layering through the detector in the step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1: setting a detector position point;
step 3.2: setting an auxiliary explosion point;
step 3.3: the explosion point generates explosion information, and the detector detects electromagnetic waves generated by the seismoelectric effect;
step 3.4: and obtaining the layering information of the rock stratum according to the generated electromagnetic wave data.
Further, the specific steps of the proportional simulation calculation in the step 4 are as follows:
step 4.1: extracting according to the proportion according to the stratum layering information obtained in the step 3;
step 4.2: obtaining proportional synthetic simulated rock stratum data according to the rock stratum layered information extracted in the step 4.1 in proportion;
step 4.3: according to each rock stratum structure in the simulated rock stratum data synthesized in proportion, carrying out evasion treatment on numerical values influencing seismic interpretation precision measurement to obtain ideal values;
step 4.4: and carrying out fuzzy processing on the avoided influence numerical value to obtain a fuzzy value, and substituting the fuzzy value into an ideal value to obtain the seismic interpretation precision of the proportional simulation calculation.
Further, the specific method substituted in step 5 is as follows: and carrying out same-scale amplification processing on the seismic interpretation precision of the proportional simulation calculation according to the extraction proportion to obtain the integral seismic interpretation precision.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the invention carries out numerical measurement on a part of fault orders, substitutes the measured values into the whole, carries out secondary addition on the generated fuzzy values, substitutes the fuzzy values into ideal values according to the generated fuzzy values, ensures the precision range, reduces the influence of the fuzzy values on the whole range and improves the seismic interpretation precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in FIG. 1, a calibration method for improving the explanation accuracy of a fault-order structure earthquake comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: selecting broken-order data and detecting data values;
the specific method for selecting the fault order data is as follows:
step 1.1: selecting a fault order detection area;
step 1.2: selecting a detection starting point and a detection end point;
step 1.3: the method comprises the steps of obtaining integral rock mass characteristics of a detection starting point and a detection end point, carrying out rock mass stratification according to a fuzzy algorithm, wherein the rock mass stratification is mainly used under the condition that a specific stratification value between two adjacent rock strata is uncertain, and the stratification value of the rock mass can be determined from a large range to a small range through the fuzzy algorithm, so that the aim of improving the rock mass stratification precision is fulfilled.
The data value detection comprises the distance between a detection starting point and a detection end point and the contact range value of adjacent rock stratums, namely, when the adjacent two rock stratums are detected, range data can be generated, namely, specific layering information between the two rock stratums is obtained, the measured layering information is an uncertain value, the uncertain value is covered through the range value, and the substitution detection can be carried out, so that uncertain data are reduced, and the whole data calculation is facilitated.
Step 2: drawing a broken-order section view; wherein, when the section drawing is carried out, the contact range values generated in the step 1 are all marked obviously, and transition colors or symbols can be used for representing the ambiguous numerical values;
and step 3: lithology layering is carried out through a detector, and the lithology layering is substituted into the drawn step-off profile;
the specific method comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: setting a detector position point;
step 3.2: setting an auxiliary explosion point;
step 3.3: the explosion point generates explosion information, and the detector detects electromagnetic waves generated by the seismoelectric effect;
step 3.4: and obtaining the layering information of the rock stratum according to the generated electromagnetic wave data.
And 4, step 4: calculating the seismic interpretation precision generated in the fault order of the same material through proportion simulation;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 4.1: extracting according to the proportion according to the stratum layering information obtained in the step 3;
step 4.2: obtaining proportional synthetic simulated rock stratum data according to the rock stratum layered information extracted in the step 4.1 in proportion;
step 4.3: according to each rock stratum structure in the simulated rock stratum data synthesized in proportion, carrying out avoidance processing on numerical values influencing seismic interpretation precision measurement (data influencing the layering of the whole rock stratum exist in each rock stratum, for example, materials of different rock strata are doped in a single rock stratum, and the layering data of the rock stratum can be obviously influenced during measurement, so that the influenced data are subjected to avoidance measurement during idealized data measurement to obtain ideal values;
step 4.4: and carrying out fuzzy processing on the avoided influence numerical value to obtain a fuzzy value, and substituting the fuzzy value into an ideal value to obtain the seismic interpretation precision of the proportional simulation calculation.
And 5: and substituting the precision of the proportion calculation into the integral fault order data, and obtaining the integral precision according to the simulation precision, wherein the specific method of substituting is to amplify the data of the seismic interpretation precision of the proportion simulation calculation according to the extraction proportion to obtain the integral seismic interpretation precision.
While the invention has been described above with reference to an embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A calibration method for improving the seismic interpretation precision of a fault-order structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: selecting broken-order data and detecting data values;
step 2: drawing a sectional view according to the data value detected in the step 1;
and step 3: lithology layering is carried out through a detector, and the lithology layering is substituted into the drawn step-off profile;
the specific method for lithology layering through the detector is as follows:
step 3.1: setting a detector position point;
step 3.2: setting an auxiliary explosion point;
step 3.3: the explosion point generates explosion information, and the detector detects electromagnetic waves generated by the seismoelectric effect;
step 3.4: obtaining layered information of the rock stratum according to the generated electromagnetic wave data;
and 4, step 4: calculating the seismic interpretation precision generated in the fault order of the same material through proportion simulation;
the proportion simulation calculation comprises the following specific steps:
step 4.1: extracting according to the proportion according to the stratum layering information obtained in the step 3;
step 4.2: obtaining proportional synthetic simulated rock stratum data according to the rock stratum layered information extracted in the step 4.1 in proportion;
step 4.3: according to each rock stratum structure in the simulated rock stratum data synthesized in proportion, carrying out evasion treatment on numerical values influencing seismic interpretation precision measurement to obtain ideal values;
step 4.4: fuzzy processing is carried out on the avoided influence numerical value to obtain a fuzzy value, and the fuzzy value is substituted into an ideal value to obtain the seismic interpretation precision of the proportional simulation calculation;
and 5: and (3) substituting the seismic interpretation precision calculated by the proportional simulation into the data value detected in the step (1), and obtaining the overall precision according to the seismic interpretation precision.
2. The calibration method for improving the seismic interpretation precision of the fault-order structure according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for selecting the fault-order data in the step 1 is as follows:
step 1.1: selecting a fault order detection area;
step 1.2: selecting a detection starting point and a detection end point;
step 1.3: and acquiring integral rock mass characteristics of a detection starting point and a detection end point, and performing rock mass stratification according to a fuzzy algorithm.
3. The calibration method for improving the seismic interpretation precision of the fault-order structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein the data value detection in the step 1 comprises detecting the distance between a starting point and a detection end point and detecting the contact range value of the adjacent rock stratum.
4. The calibration method for improving the seismic interpretation precision of the fault structures as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the fault section diagram is drawn in the step 2, the contact range values generated in the step 1 are all marked obviously, i.e. transition colors or symbols are used for representing undefined values.
5. The calibration method for improving the explanation accuracy of the fault-order structure earthquake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific method of substitution in step 5 is as follows: and carrying out same-scale amplification processing on the seismic interpretation precision of the proportional simulation calculation according to the extraction proportion to obtain the integral seismic interpretation precision.
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| US7069149B2 (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2006-06-27 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Process for interpreting faults from a fault-enhanced 3-dimensional seismic attribute volume |
| US6993434B2 (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2006-01-31 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company | Method for multi-region data processing and visualization |
| US7079953B2 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-07-18 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Method for creating facies probability cubes based upon geologic interpretation |
| CN103869358A (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-06-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Histogram equalization-based fault identification method and equipment |
| WO2017007738A1 (en) * | 2015-07-05 | 2017-01-12 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Borehole trajectory via multi-component borehole seismic receiver |
| CN105373648B (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2018-10-12 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of modeling method of sand-mud interbed type lithosomic body reservoir architecture |
| CN106569280B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2021-08-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Calibration method for improving seismic interpretation precision of fault-order structure |
| CN109143348A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 3D seismic data tomography enhanced processing method |
| CN109557580B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-11-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Seismic interpretation method for fault |
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