CN111141866A - Test device and method for simulating spontaneous combustion process of coal seam and detection of high-temperature abnormal area - Google Patents
Test device and method for simulating spontaneous combustion process of coal seam and detection of high-temperature abnormal area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a test device and a method for simulating a spontaneous combustion process of a coal seam and detecting a high-temperature abnormal area, which relate to the technical field of mine safety monitoring.A temperature rising system of the test device realizes temperature regulation in a cavity of a spontaneous combustion test bed, an acoustic wave test system detects acoustic wave information in the process of temperature rising and combustion, a temperature measuring system realizes detection and analysis of temperature, a control system controls the temperature rising system to realize leading temperature rising, an acoustic wave probe and a resistivity probe are arranged on a waveguide rod, and the waveguide rod extends into a monitoring channel of the cavity of the test bed; during testing, whether increasing and decreasing changes occur or not is judged according to changes of detection signals such as sound waves, resistance and temperature, the spontaneous combustion temperature rise evolution process is judged according to increasing and decreasing trends of sound wave amplitude and resistivity, and finally the position of a high-temperature abnormal area is inverted through detection information. The device realizes the simulation of the whole process of spontaneous combustion heating-combustion-cooling of the coal bed, records the sound wave, the resistance and the temperature change in the process and realizes the positioning of a high-temperature abnormal area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine safety detection, in particular to a simulation test device for simulating the whole process of spontaneous combustion of a coal seam and detection of a high-temperature abnormal area and a method for detecting and positioning the high-temperature abnormal area.
Background
According to statistics, the number of mines with spontaneous combustion tendency is gradually increased, and the risk of spontaneous combustion and ignition of the coal bed is high, so that serious damage is caused. The method is difficult to detect and find at the initial stage of spontaneous combustion, and the accurate position of the spontaneous combustion cannot be determined, so that the detection and positioning of the coal seam fire are always difficult points of fire prevention, the high-efficiency and rapid determination of the fire occurrence position and the evolution process of a fire source is very important, and the method has important significance for mine fire prevention.
At present, the traditional concealed fire source detection methods include a direct investigation method and a drilling method. The direct investigation method comprises artificial visit and measurement, and the drilling method is to drill and core in a fire area and then carry out comprehensive analysis, and the two methods are accurate, but have the defect of consuming a large amount of manpower and material resources. As the coal combustion changes some physical and chemical characteristics, other concealed fire source detection methods appear according to the physical and chemical characteristics, and are divided into a geophysical prospecting method and a chemical prospecting method. Geophysical prospecting methods include infrared imaging detection, electrical detection, remote sensing detection, magnetic detection, acoustic detection and the like. The infrared imaging detection temperature is the most accurate and direct index, and the operation is simpler and faster, but the defects are that no shelters can appear in the detection process, and the detection distance is shorter; the electrical detection is to compare the variation conditions of the non-spontaneous combustion area and the spontaneous combustion area according to the observation result and judge the position of the spontaneous combustion area. The method has the characteristics of portability and quickness, but the electric method is greatly interfered by ground stray current, has multiple solutions on a distinguishing structure and a fire source, is influenced by terrain, and is not suitable for detecting the fire source. In addition, in the initial stage of spontaneous combustion of coal, the change of the resistivity of the coal is not obvious, so that the detection precision of a resistivity detection method is limited, and the underground stray current is large, so that the detection of an underground high-temperature area is difficult; remote sensing detection is used for detection of surface open fire and delineation of large-scale fire zones. At present, a plurality of problems still exist, such as the resolution of the remote sensing image is not high enough, the background field of the remote sensing image cannot be corrected accurately, and the detection of underground deep coal fire is difficult; the magnetic detection method can effectively determine the position of a fire point and the range of a circumscribed fire area, and roughly judge the coal fire trend according to the change condition of magnetic anomaly. The research of magnetic method for detecting coal fire is mostly biased to field application, and the forward simulation research of magnetic method fire detection is less, most of the research still carries out inversion explanation according to the experience of the prior magnetic method mine detection, and the error is larger. The single magnetic method can not realize the fine detection of the fire area of the coal field, and is mainly used for delineating the range of the fire area.
The existing geophysical prospecting method still has the defects, cannot be suitable for detecting a hidden fire source, and is improved in order to further research the characteristic rule in the whole spontaneous combustion evolution process; the spontaneous combustion of a coal seam is simulated, the evolution law of a concealed fire source is researched, a high-temperature abnormal area detection and positioning method is provided, and a test device and a detection method are further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize the simulation of the whole process of spontaneous combustion heating-combustion-cooling of the coal seam and position a high-temperature abnormal area of the spontaneous combustion of the coal seam, the invention detects and positions the high-temperature abnormal area by simulating the spontaneous combustion of the coal seam and monitoring sound waves, resistance and temperature changes, and provides a test device and a method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area.
The test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area comprises a spontaneous combustion test bed cavity, a temperature rising system, an acoustic wave test system, a resistance test system, a temperature measuring system and a control system, wherein the spontaneous combustion test bed cavity comprises a base, a middle vertical cavity and a top cover; the temperature raising system controls the temperature in the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, the sound wave testing system detects and analyzes sound wave information in the process of raising the temperature and burning, the temperature measuring system is used for monitoring and analyzing the temperature in the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, and the control system controls the temperature raising system and the temperature measuring system to achieve leading temperature raising; the spontaneous combustion test bed cavity is provided with a plurality of monitoring channels, the waveguide rod extends into the monitoring channels of the test bed cavity, and the waveguide rod is provided with a sound wave probe and a resistivity probe; laying the coal rock sample in a cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed; and a heating channel of the heating system leads to the coal rock sample from the base.
Preferably, the base of the test bed cavity is a cement layer, a steel structure layer, a firebrick layer and a steel structure net layer from bottom to top respectively, the middle vertical cavity is a firebrick layer, a polyurethane heat insulation layer, a double-layer hollow steel structure temperature-rising channel layer, a polyurethane heat insulation layer and a steel plate layer from inside to outside respectively, and the top cover is made of steel structure materials and is provided with a hanging buckle.
Preferably, the diameter of the cement layer of the base is more than 1m larger than that of the steel structure layer, and the middle part of the refractory brick layer of the base is provided with a gas injection hole; the refractory brick layer of the middle vertical cavity is piled up and connected with the refractory brick layer of the base; the top cover is also provided with an exhaust pipe.
It is also preferred that the monitoring channels are arranged along the radial direction of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, and the cross section of each monitoring channel is square and is uniformly arranged along the side surface of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed.
It is further preferred that one end of the waveguide rod extending into the monitoring channel is provided with a resistivity probe and a thermocouple sensor, and the other end is provided with a sound wave probe; the resistivity probe, the acoustic wave probe and the thermocouple sensor transmit detection data to the data acquisition unit through data lines on the waveguide rod, and the data analysis module processes the detection data, positions a high-temperature abnormal area and inversely simulates the process of spontaneous combustion of a coal bed.
Further preferably, the heating system comprises an electric heating pipe, a heating channel, an air compression pump and a heat exchanger, the heating channel extends from the double-layer hollow steel structure heating channel layer to the gas injection hole on the base, the electric heating pipe controls the temperature by heating water or oil in the heat exchanger, and the air compression pump drives air to flow through the heat exchanger and send the air to the gas injection hole.
The method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area utilizes the test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area to carry out the test, and comprises the following steps:
paving a coal rock sample, screening the coal sample with the same particle size, paving the coal rock sample in a cavity of a spontaneous combustion test bed, placing a wood rod with a square section at the position of a monitoring channel in the paving process, and drawing out the wood rod after the sample is paved and compacted to form the monitoring channel;
arranging a sound wave test system, a resistance test system, a temperature measurement system and a control system, mounting a sound wave probe, a resistivity probe and a thermocouple sensor on a waveguide rod, extending the waveguide rod into a monitoring channel of a test bed cavity, sealing a gap between the waveguide rod and the monitoring channel, and connecting the control system with the sound wave test system, the resistance test system and the temperature measurement system through data lines;
simulating spontaneous combustion of the coal bed, supplying air for heating through a heating channel of the heating system, observing the temperature of the coal body through the temperature measuring system in the heating process, and controlling the gas injection temperature of the heating system by the control system according to the temperature leading value to realize leading heating;
collecting temperature detection data, resistivity detection data and sound wave detection data in the process of simulating spontaneous combustion of the coal seam, and analyzing the temperature, the resistivity and the sound wave change and the corresponding relation; when the temperature rises, simulating the oxidation temperature rise of the coal bed, and generating fluctuation of sound waves and resistivity detection values; judging the process of simulating spontaneous combustion evolution of the coal seam according to continuous increase and decrease of the sound wave and the resistivity; and determining the position of the high-temperature abnormal area according to the sound wave detection and temperature detection data of the plurality of measuring points.
The beneficial effects of the invention include:
(1) the large-scale simulation test bed truly simulates the environment of spontaneous combustion of the coal bed and utilizes the heating system for heating, so that the whole process of spontaneous combustion heating-combustion-cooling of coal is simulated, the spontaneous combustion evolution law of the coal bed is better known, and a theoretical basis is provided for the detection of a hidden fire source.
(2) The device monitors the temperature, the resistivity and the acoustic wave information of the simulated coal bed through the acoustic wave test system, the resistance test system and the temperature measurement system, analyzes the respective change rules of the temperature, the resistivity and the acoustic wave in the spontaneous combustion evolution process, and establishes the relationship among the monitoring data.
(3) The method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area comprises the steps of positioning the high-temperature coal area according to the abnormal fluctuation variation trend of the monitored sound wave abnormal amplitude and resistivity value, and performing inversion on the high-temperature coal area according to sound wave and temperature data to accurately position the high-temperature coal area; therefore, a new method is provided for the research of hidden fire source detection, the high-temperature area of the coal is detected by an electro-acoustic method, and the detection and the positioning of the high-temperature abnormal area of the spontaneous combustion of the coal are realized; and the method can further guide the detection on site, the selection of measuring points and the selection of detection methods and parameters by combining the sound-electricity-temperature change rule of the whole spontaneous combustion process of the coal bed obtained in a laboratory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test apparatus for simulating spontaneous combustion of a coal seam and detection of high temperature abnormal regions;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the waveguide rod;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the experimental apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a method for simulating a coal seam spontaneous combustion process and detecting a high temperature abnormal region;
in the figure: 1-a temperature rising channel; 2-electric heating tubes; 3-refractory brick layer; 4-polyurethane heat-insulating layer; 5-double-layer hollow steel structure heating channel layer; 6-steel plate layer; 7-a cement layer; 8-steel structure net layer; 9-a top cover; 10-waveguide rod; 11-monitoring the channel; 12-measuring point; 13-coal rock sample.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the embodiment of the testing apparatus and method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area provided by the present invention is as follows.
Example 1
A test device and a method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of a coal seam and detecting a high-temperature abnormal area are used for detecting and positioning the high-temperature abnormal area by simulating the spontaneous combustion of the coal seam and monitoring the sound wave, the resistance and the temperature change in the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam.
A test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of a coal seam and detecting a high-temperature abnormal area specifically comprises a spontaneous combustion test bed cavity, a temperature rising system, a sound wave test system, a resistance test system, a temperature measurement system and a control system. The spontaneous combustion test bed cavity comprises a base, a middle vertical cavity and a top cover, a temperature rising system is arranged on the spontaneous combustion test bed cavity and is regulated by a control system, and an acoustic wave testing system, a resistance testing system and a temperature measuring system detect the inner space of the spontaneous combustion test bed cavity. The temperature rising system is used for adjusting the temperature of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, the sound wave test system detects and analyzes sound wave information in the temperature rising combustion process, and the temperature measuring system is used for detecting and analyzing the temperature in the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed.
The closed space formed in the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed is used for placing, the control system controls the heating system and the temperature measuring system to achieve leading temperature rise, the heating temperature is judged by setting the temperature difference leading value, the coal oxidation heating process can be well simulated, and the temperature control performance is good. The spontaneous combustion test bed cavity is provided with a plurality of monitoring channels for installing waveguide rods, the waveguide rods extend into the monitoring channels of the test bed cavity, and the waveguide rods are provided with resistivity probes, acoustic probes and thermocouple sensors for detecting resistivity, acoustic waves and temperature. Laying a coal rock sample in a cavity of a spontaneous combustion test bed to simulate the actual coal bed condition; a heating channel of the heating system leads to the coal rock sample from the base, heat is provided through wind flow and oxygen is supplied, and gas is exhausted from an exhaust pipe on the top cover.
The base of the test bed cavity is composed of a cement layer, a steel structure layer, a firebrick layer and a steel structure net layer which are arranged outside and inside respectively, the cement layer is made of cement, the steel structure layer is fixed on the cement layer, the firebrick layer is formed by piling firebricks, and the steel structure net layer is uniformly laid on the firebrick layer. The middle vertical cavity is respectively a refractory brick layer, a polyurethane heat-insulating layer, a double-layer hollow steel structure temperature-rising channel layer, a polyurethane heat-insulating layer and a steel plate layer from inside to outside, and the top cover is made of steel structure materials and is provided with hanging buckles. The diameter of the cement layer of the base is more than 1m larger than that of the steel structure layer, and the middle part of the refractory brick layer of the base is provided with a gas injection hole. The firebrick layer of vertical cavity and the firebrick layer of base in the middle piles up and meets, still is provided with the blast pipe on the top cap. The monitoring channels are arranged along the radial direction of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, the cross sections of the monitoring channels are square, and the monitoring channels are evenly arranged along the side face of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed.
One end of the waveguide rod, which extends into the monitoring channel, is provided with a resistivity probe and a thermocouple sensor, and the other end is provided with a sound wave probe. The resistivity probe, the acoustic wave probe and the thermocouple sensor transmit detection data to the data acquisition unit through data lines on the waveguide rod, and the data analysis module processes the detection data, positions a high-temperature abnormal area and inversely simulates the process of spontaneous combustion of a coal bed.
The heating system comprises an electric heating pipe, a heating channel, an air compression pump and a heat exchanger, wherein the heating channel extends to the gas injection hole in the base from the heating channel layer of the double-layer hollow steel structure, the electric heating pipe controls the temperature by heating water or oil in the heat exchanger, and the air compression pump drives air to flow through the heat exchanger and send the air to the gas injection hole.
The method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area utilizes the test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area to carry out the test, and comprises the following steps:
laying a coal rock sample, screening the coal sample with the same particle size, laying the coal rock sample in a cavity of a spontaneous combustion test bed, placing a wood rod with a square cross section at the position of a monitoring channel in the laying process, and drawing out the wood rod after the coal rock sample is laid and compacted to form the monitoring channel.
Arranging a sound wave test system, a resistance test system, a temperature measurement system and a control system, installing a resistivity probe, a sound wave probe and a thermocouple sensor on a waveguide rod, extending the waveguide rod into a monitoring channel of a test bed cavity, sealing a gap between the waveguide rod and the monitoring channel, and connecting the control system with the sound wave test system, the resistance test system and the temperature measurement system through data lines.
Simulating spontaneous combustion of the coal bed, supplying air for heating through a heating channel of the heating system, observing the temperature of the coal body through the temperature measuring system in the heating process, and controlling the gas injection temperature of the heating system by the control system according to the temperature leading value to realize leading heating.
Collecting temperature detection data, resistivity detection data and sound wave detection data in the process of simulating spontaneous combustion of the coal seam, and analyzing the temperature, the resistivity and the sound wave change and the corresponding relation; when the temperature rises, simulating the oxidation temperature rise of the coal bed, and generating fluctuation of sound waves and resistivity detection values; judging the process of simulating spontaneous combustion evolution of the coal seam according to continuous increase and decrease of the sound wave and the resistivity; and determining the position of the high-temperature abnormal area according to the sound wave detection and temperature detection data of the plurality of measuring points.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the present embodiment further describes the design structure of the testing apparatus for simulating the coal seam spontaneous combustion process and the high temperature abnormal region detection, and the principle of the high temperature abnormal region detection method.
A test device and a method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of a coal seam and detecting a high-temperature abnormal area are used for detecting and positioning the high-temperature abnormal area by simulating the spontaneous combustion of the coal seam and monitoring sound waves, resistance and temperature changes.
A test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of a coal seam and detecting a high-temperature abnormal area specifically comprises a spontaneous combustion test bed cavity, a temperature rising system, a sound wave test system, a resistance test system, a temperature measurement system and a control system. The spontaneous combustion test bed cavity comprises a base, a middle vertical cavity and a top cover, a temperature rising system is arranged on the spontaneous combustion test bed cavity and is regulated by a control system, a sound wave testing system, a resistance testing system and a temperature measuring system detect the inner space of the spontaneous combustion test bed cavity, and the resistance testing system can select an LCR resistance testing system. The acoustic emission system comprises an acoustic emission sensor, a preamplifier, a filter and a data acquisition unit, wherein the acoustic emission sensor converts acquired acoustic signals into electric signals, the electric signals are amplified by the amplifier, then the electric signals subjected to noise conversion are filtered by the filter, and the acoustic data are recorded and stored by the data acquisition unit. The temperature measuring system comprises a thermocouple sensor, a data acquisition unit and temperature analysis software, data are acquired through the sensor, then the data are transmitted to the data acquisition unit to be recorded, and then a temperature thermal imaging graph of the whole measuring surface is obtained through the temperature analysis software. The resistance testing system measures the resistance at the measuring point through the resistance tester, then calculates the resistivity at the measuring point and records and stores the resistivity.
In addition, the temperature rising system is used for adjusting the temperature of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, the sound wave test system detects and analyzes sound wave information in the temperature rising combustion process, and the temperature measuring system is used for detecting and analyzing the temperature in the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed. The control system controls the temperature rising system and the temperature measuring system to realize leading temperature rise; a plurality of monitoring channels are arranged on the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, the waveguide rod extends into the monitoring channels of the cavity of the test bed, and the resistivity probe, the acoustic wave probe and the thermocouple sensor are arranged on the waveguide rod. The coal rock sample is laid in the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, and a heating channel of the heating system leads to the coal rock sample from the base.
The base of the test bed cavity is respectively provided with a cement layer, a steel structure layer, a refractory brick layer and a steel structure net layer from outside to inside, specifically, the cement layer has a diameter of 3.5m and a height of 300mm, the refractory brick layer has a diameter of 2.6m and a height of 300mm, and the steel structure net layer has a diameter of 2.6m and a height of 100 mm. The middle vertical cavity body is respectively a firebrick layer, a polyurethane heat-insulating layer, a double-layer hollow steel structure temperature-rising channel layer, a polyurethane heat-insulating layer and a steel plate layer from inside to outside, the thickness of each layer can be randomly selected according to the test environment and the requirement, and the height of the middle vertical cavity body can be 2.5 m. Wherein the heating channel layer of the double-layer hollow steel structure is also provided with a heating channel. The top cap is steel construction material and welds and has two to hang and detain, sets up to hang and detain and make things convenient for lifting by crane of top cap. The cement layer diameter of base is greater than steel structure layer diameter more than 1m to conveniently lay the coal petrography sample, the firebrick layer middle part of base is provided with the gas injection hole, thereby guarantees evenly to heat up. The refractory brick layer of the middle vertical cavity is piled up and connected with the refractory brick layer of the base. And the top cover is also provided with an exhaust pipe which is communicated with the upper part of the coal rock sample and the atmosphere. The monitoring channels are radially arranged along the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, the cross section of each monitoring channel is square, the side length is 30-70mm, the monitoring channels can be arranged in 3 layers, 4 monitoring channels are arranged on each layer, 12 monitoring channels are arranged in total, and the monitoring channels are uniformly arranged along the side face of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed.
One end of the waveguide rod, which extends into the monitoring channel, is provided with a resistivity probe and a thermocouple sensor, and the other end is provided with a sound wave probe; the resistivity probe, the acoustic wave probe and the thermocouple sensor transmit detection data to the data acquisition unit through data lines on the waveguide rod, a data analysis module of the control system processes the detection data, positions a high-temperature abnormal area and inverts the process of simulating the spontaneous combustion of the coal bed, wherein the spontaneous combustion position is determined through monitoring data of the acoustic wave probes at three measuring points which are not on the same plane, and the development and evolution process of the spontaneous combustion is judged through the measuring results of the temperature and the resistivity.
The heating system comprises an electric heating pipe, a heating channel, an air compression pump and a heat exchanger, wherein the heating channel extends from the heating channel layer of the double-layer hollow steel structure to the air injection hole on the base, the diameter of the heating channel is selected according to the required flow, the temperature of the electric heating pipe is controlled by heating water or oil in the heat exchanger, and the air compression pump drives air to flow through the heat exchanger and send the air to the air injection hole. Specifically, a heat exchanger is arranged at the outer end of the temperature rising channel, oil or water is injected into the hollow of the hollow steel structure temperature rising channel layer, and the temperature is selected according to the experiment requirement. The control system is used for heating starting and controlling, the electric heating pipe is used for heating by setting the heating speed, so that oil or water in the heating channel layer of the hollow steel structure reaches a preset temperature, air is injected into the heating channel layer from the air injection pipe through the air compressor, and the heated air reaches the coal bed from the air injection pipe of the cavity base to be heated. A temperature probe is arranged in the coal body, and the control system adjusts the power of the electric heating tube according to the temperature detected by the probe, so that the cooperative regulation and control of the gas injection temperature and the coal body temperature are realized, and the heating mode of leading temperature rise is achieved.
The method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area utilizes the test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area to carry out the test, and comprises the following steps:
paving a coal rock sample, wherein in a large-scale test, the total amount of coal contained in the internal space of a cavity of a spontaneous combustion test bed is more than 1 ton; the method comprises the steps of screening coal samples with the same particle size, randomly selecting specific particle size according to test requirements, paving the coal samples in a cavity of a spontaneous combustion test bed, selecting thicknesses of a simulated coal bed and a simulated rock stratum according to actual requirements, placing a wood rod with a square cross section at the position of a monitoring channel in the paving process, wherein the side length of the cross section is 50mm, and drawing out the wood rod after the coal rock samples are paved and compacted to form the monitoring channel for placing a wave guide rod.
Arranging a sound wave test system, a resistance test system, a temperature measurement system and a control system, installing a resistivity probe, a sound wave probe and a thermocouple sensor on a waveguide rod, extending the waveguide rod into a monitoring channel of a test bed cavity, sealing a gap between the waveguide rod and the monitoring channel, and connecting the control system with the sound wave test system, the resistance test system and the temperature measurement system through data lines.
The method specifically comprises the steps that a waveguide rod is introduced into a monitoring channel reserved in a middle vertical cavity, an LCR resistivity probe and a thermocouple sensor are arranged at one end, extending into the monitoring channel, of the waveguide rod, a sound wave probe is arranged at the other end of the waveguide rod, data are transmitted into a data acquisition unit through a data line, and analysis of temperature, resistance and sound wave information is carried out through software on a control system. In addition, the thermocouple sensors can also be arranged in layers of the simulated coal seam, and 1-3 thermocouple sensors are arranged in each layer. In the monitoring process, a sensor at the end part of the waveguide rod, which is reserved in the test bed, extends into the monitoring channels, and the position of the waveguide rod is extended according to the experiment requirement, so that the data of acoustic signals, resistivity and temperature at different positions in each monitoring channel are obtained. The wave guide rod is connected with the thermocouple temperature measuring system, the LCR resistance testing system, the acoustic emission system, the data acquisition module and the data analysis module through data lines. After the detection data are transmitted to the data acquisition module, the positions of the acoustic wave inverted fracture points, the resistance inverted coal spontaneous combustion development evolution process and the temperature at different positions in the three monitoring planes are evolved in the three-dimensional effect diagram through positioning.
Simulating spontaneous combustion of the coal bed, supplying air for heating through a heating channel of the heating system, observing the temperature of the coal body through the temperature measuring system in the heating process, and controlling the gas injection temperature of the heating system by the control system according to the temperature leading value to realize leading heating. And the heat exchanger of the temperature rising system heats water or oil in the temperature rising channel layer, and after the water or oil is heated to a preset temperature, the air compression pump is started to allow air flow to pass through the temperature rising channel and heat the water or oil. The air current continuously flows into the hole of the base of the test bed to heat the coal body, provides oxygen conditions for the spontaneous combustion of the coal and is discharged out of the test bed through the exhaust pipe. In the process of heating the coal body, the temperature in the coal body is tested in real time and is transmitted to the control system, and the control system compares the temperature of the coal body with the temperature of the gas injection pipe to dynamically adjust, so that the heating mode of leading the temperature rise is realized.
Collecting temperature detection data, resistivity detection data and sound wave detection data in the process of simulating spontaneous combustion of the coal seam, and analyzing the temperature, the resistivity and the sound wave change and the corresponding relation; when the temperature rises, the simulated coal bed generates spontaneous combustion, and the acoustic wave and the resistivity detection value fluctuate; judging the process of simulating spontaneous combustion evolution of the coal seam according to continuous increase and decrease of the sound wave and the resistivity; and determining the position of the high-temperature abnormal area according to the sound wave detection and temperature detection data of the plurality of measuring points.
According to the test, the following results are obtained: when the temperature rises to a certain degree, the coal has the sign of spontaneous combustion or spontaneous combustion occurs, the sound wave signal and the resistivity value can fluctuate greatly, and the fluctuation change generated by the sound wave and the resistivity signal is used as the first step of judgment. And detecting the change of the temperature, sound wave and resistance information in the coal body, and when the continuous dynamic increase or decrease of the sound wave and resistance information is detected, judging that the spontaneous combustion of the coal evolves gradually by the measuring point as a second step of judgment. And (3) inverting the position of the high-temperature abnormal region through sound waves, resistance and temperature information of different measuring points, and inverting multiple information to determine the high-temperature region of the coal bed as a third step of judgment.
The method positions the coal high-temperature area according to the abnormal fluctuation variation trend of the monitored sound wave abnormal amplitude and resistivity value, and can invert the coal high-temperature area to accurately position according to sound wave and temperature data; therefore, a new method is provided for the research of hidden fire source detection, the high-temperature area of the coal is detected by an electro-acoustic method, and the detection and the positioning of the high-temperature abnormal area of the spontaneous combustion of the coal are realized; and the method can further guide the detection on site, the selection of measuring points and the selection of detection methods and parameters by combining the sound-electricity-temperature change rule of the whole spontaneous combustion process of the coal bed obtained in a laboratory.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The test device is characterized by comprising a spontaneous combustion test bed cavity, a temperature rising system, an acoustic wave test system, a resistance test system, a temperature measuring system and a control system, wherein the spontaneous combustion test bed cavity comprises a base, a middle vertical cavity and a top cover;
the temperature raising system controls the temperature in the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, the sound wave testing system detects and analyzes sound wave information in the process of raising the temperature and burning, the temperature measuring system is used for monitoring and analyzing the temperature in the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, and the control system controls the temperature raising system and the temperature measuring system to lead the temperature rise;
the spontaneous combustion test bed cavity is provided with a plurality of monitoring channels, the waveguide rod extends into the monitoring channels of the test bed cavity, and the waveguide rod is provided with a sound wave probe and a resistivity probe; laying the coal rock sample in a cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed; and a heating channel of the heating system leads to the coal rock sample from the base.
2. The test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and the detection of the high-temperature abnormal area according to claim 1, wherein a base of the cavity of the test bed is respectively provided with a cement layer, a steel structure layer, a firebrick layer and a steel structure net layer from bottom to top, a middle vertical cavity is respectively provided with a firebrick layer, a polyurethane heat insulation layer, a double-layer hollow steel structure temperature-rising channel layer, a polyurethane heat insulation layer and a steel plate layer from inside to outside, and a top cover is made of steel structure materials and provided with hanging buckles.
3. The test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and the detection of the high-temperature abnormal area according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the cement layer of the base is more than 1m larger than that of the steel structure layer, and a gas injection hole is formed in the middle of the refractory brick layer of the base; the refractory brick layer of the middle vertical cavity is piled up and connected with the refractory brick layer of the base; the top cover is also provided with an exhaust pipe.
4. The test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of a coal seam and the detection of the high-temperature abnormal area according to claim 3, wherein the monitoring channels are arranged along the radial direction of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed, the cross section of each monitoring channel is square, and the monitoring channels are uniformly arranged along the side face of the cavity of the spontaneous combustion test bed.
5. The test device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and the detection of the high-temperature abnormal area according to claim 1 or 4, wherein one end, extending into the monitoring channel, of the waveguide rod is provided with a resistivity probe and a thermocouple sensor, and the other end of the waveguide rod is provided with a sound wave probe; the resistivity probe, the acoustic wave probe and the thermocouple sensor transmit detection data to the data acquisition unit through data lines on the waveguide rod, and the data analysis module processes the detection data, positions a high-temperature abnormal area and inversely simulates the process of spontaneous combustion of a coal bed.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the temperature raising system comprises an electric heating tube, a temperature raising channel, an air compression pump and a heat exchanger, the temperature raising channel extends from the double-layer hollow steel structure temperature raising channel layer to the gas injection hole on the base, the electric heating tube controls the temperature by heating water or oil in the heat exchanger, and the air compression pump drives air to flow through the heat exchanger to the gas injection hole.
7. The method for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area is used for testing by the testing device for simulating the spontaneous combustion process of the coal seam and detecting the high-temperature abnormal area in claim 5, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
paving a coal rock sample, screening the coal sample with the same particle size, paving the coal rock sample in a cavity of a spontaneous combustion test bed, placing a wood rod with a square section at the position of a monitoring channel in the paving process, and drawing out the wood rod after the sample is paved and compacted to form the monitoring channel;
arranging a sound wave test system, a resistance test system, a temperature measurement system and a control system, mounting a sound wave probe, a resistivity probe and a thermocouple sensor on a waveguide rod, extending the waveguide rod into a monitoring channel of a test bed cavity, sealing a gap between the waveguide rod and the monitoring channel, and connecting the control system with the sound wave test system, the resistance test system and the temperature measurement system through data lines;
simulating spontaneous combustion of the coal bed, supplying air for heating through a heating channel of the heating system, observing the temperature of the coal body through the temperature measuring system in the heating process, and controlling the gas injection temperature of the heating system by the control system according to the temperature leading value to realize leading heating;
collecting temperature detection data, resistivity detection data and sound wave detection data in the process of simulating spontaneous combustion of the coal seam, and analyzing the temperature, the resistivity and the sound wave change and the corresponding relation; when the temperature rises, simulating the oxidation temperature rise of the coal bed, and generating fluctuation of sound waves and resistivity detection values; judging the process of simulating spontaneous combustion evolution of the coal seam according to continuous increase and decrease of the sound wave and the resistivity; and determining the position of the high-temperature abnormal area according to the sound wave detection and temperature detection data of the plurality of measuring points.
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