CN103454307A - Full-stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system - Google Patents

Full-stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system Download PDF

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CN103454307A
CN103454307A CN2013104006587A CN201310400658A CN103454307A CN 103454307 A CN103454307 A CN 103454307A CN 2013104006587 A CN2013104006587 A CN 2013104006587A CN 201310400658 A CN201310400658 A CN 201310400658A CN 103454307 A CN103454307 A CN 103454307A
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stove
gas
spontaneous combustion
furnace
coal spontaneous
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CN103454307B (en
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王海燕
侯博
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Abstract

The invention discloses a full-stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system. The system comprises a furnace A and a furnace B, inner walls of the furnace A and the furnace B are respectively provided with a heating device, a reaction tank is arranged in a hearth of the furnace A, a gas inlet is formed in the furnace bottom of the furnace A, and the gas inlet passes through the bottom wall of the reaction tank; a loading crucible is arranged in a hearth of the furnace B, a gas inlet is formed in the middle of the side wall of the furnace B; an air generator is respectively connected with the gas inlets of the furnace A and the furnace B through a gas buffer device; the upper parts of the furnace A and the furnace B are respectively provided with a gas outlet, and the gas outlets are connected with a monitor. The coal spontaneous combustion in a deep burying state, a shallow burying state and a plurality of ventilating states can be simulated by designing two experimental modes.

Description

Full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal spontaneous combustion experimental technique, relate in particular to a kind of full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system.
Background technology
The spontaneous combustion of coal experiment table is a kind of spontaneous combustion of coal similar process simulated experiment technology of establishing the nineties in 20th century.According to the size of experiment coal consumption, the coal spontaneous combustion experimental furnace can be divided into two kinds, large-scale experiment stove and small test stove.Large-scale experiment stove coal consumption is large, and from hundreds of kilogram to tens ton, the oxidation quantity of heat production of coal is many and easily assemble, thereby can make coal be issued to the spontaneous combustion critical temperature in lower temperature, but consuming time, consumption wealth, consumption power, and disturbing factor is more, is difficult to become the conventionally test measure; The small test stove and accessory has few, the easy repetition of consumption coal, tests the advantages such as fast, it is a kind of well accepted method of coal spontaneous combustion experiment, but small-sized coal spontaneous combustion oxidation experiment needs again to test the precision Control Technology of firing space behavior, and, because the coal sample amount is too little, be unfavorable for that the oxidation of coal and heat accumulate.
Coal spontaneous combustion experimental simulation condition must be equal to or be similar to on-the-spot physical condition, and the data that obtain of experiment must be complete, meets the firing characteristic that the expression of true condition is produced coal under field conditions (factors).Therefore, when structure experimental system spontaneous combustion of simulated coal is got angry process, what time followingly must hold:
Create coal body to rely at normal temperatures the autoxidation heat release and cause oxygen supply and the accumulation of heat condition of intensification, as far as possible short to guarantee experimental period; The granularity that makes coal body is optimal cases, and best leakage intensity should be provided; Leakage intensity is tested in assurance, the accumulation of heat condition is close with actual conditions; Experimental provision control to coal temperature in experiment is consistent with the temperature changing trend of oxidation and spontaneous combustion; But the air intake oxygen system with fine adjustment; Have accurate TT&C system, the coal spontaneous combustion overall process is measured in comprehensive and accurate supervision.
Prior art one:
A kind of adiabatic proving installation (patent publication No. CN2718573) of simulating process of coal spontaneous combustion of Chinese patent, comprise by gas cylinder, reduction valve, the voltage stabilization and current stabilization valve, the preheating gas path device that gas flow controller and wireway form, gas bath temperature-controlled cabinet and the adiabatic coal sample tank be located in temperature-controlled cabinet, temperature control system, gas bath environment temperature controller in the gas bath temperature-controlled cabinet is by temperature sensor, the thermometric plate, A/D converter, Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, temperature controller and electric heater form, the gas entered in the coal sample tank first carries out preheating by the copper wireway be coiled in the gas bath temperature-controlled cabinet, environment temperature in coal sample low-temperature oxidation process in the gas bath temperature-controlled cabinet is followed the tracks of coal sample temperature in adiabatic coal sample tank all the time, make the heat that coal sample low-temperature oxidation process produces not scatter and disappear and be kept in coal sample, thereby simulation process of coal spontaneous combustion, its test coal sample amount is little, apparatus structure is simple, test period is short, volume is little, there is practicality widely.
At least there is following shortcoming in above-mentioned prior art one:
This experiment table mainly carries out experimental study to the spontaneous combustion process of the low thermophase (room temperature-300 ℃) of coal, the shortest spontaneous combustion time, critical temperature, heating strength and keto consumpting speed etc. that the experiment of take is obtained, as basis, are studied oxidisability, exothermicity, the influence factor of coal spontaneous combustion and some characterisitic parameters in Coal Self-ignition Process of coal.Yet, when running into actual conditions, be large tracts of land coalfield spontaneous combustion development burning when violent, temperature of combustion can reach 800 ℃ or even 1000 ℃, and the heating strength of now coal spontaneous combustion, reaction rate, oxygen consumption rate, product situation have greatly different from low thermophase.And existing experiment table design can't realize the research of high temperature section, thus comprehensive research of shortage coal spontaneous combustion overall process.
Prior art two:
Xi'an Technology University's design-build the large-scale coal spontaneous of the ZRM-15 type of coal capacity 15t get angry experiment table.Experimental provision is divided into body of heater, gas detection, temperature detection and supervisory system 4 parts.Body of heater is cylindrical, internal diameter 218m, the height 212m that coalings, the maximum volume 1315m3 that coalings, maximum coal capacity 15t.Outside by heat-insulation layer and the temperature control water layer of following the tracks of outer coal temperature, make in stove coal body under good accumulation of heat environment, the air-flow buffer layer is all arranged at body of heater top, bottom, make air-flow even coal body by experiment from bottom to top, air is through the preheating of temperature control water layer, make it identical with created Surroundings of Coal Spontaneous Combustlon temperature, then send into from bottom of furnace body.Arrange 12 layers of monitoring points, interlamellar spacing 0.12m, radial spacing 0.12 and 0.14m, every layer of 4 temperature monitoring point and 2 gas-monitoring points in stove.Furnace wall adopts refractory brick to do heat-insulation layer, and the experiment maximum temperature can reach 500 ℃.
At least there is following shortcoming in above-mentioned prior art two:
Large-scale coal spontaneous is got angry experiment table because build is huge, coal capacity is large, actual conditions simulation to coal spontaneous combustion has some superiority, but it inevitably has the shortcomings such as length experimental period, repeatability is poor, disturbing factor is many, makes Coal rank, the different place of production, different simulation and the increasing of comparative study difficulty of composing the situation of depositing.And there is the problem that the design maximum temperature is low temperature equally in existing large-scale coal spontaneous ignition experiment table, can't carry out the full stage simulation of coal spontaneous combustion.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can bury the full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system that state and multiple ventilation state coal spontaneous combustion are simulated to dark, shallow two kinds of differences.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system of the present invention, comprise A stove, B stove, and the inwall of described A stove and B stove is respectively equipped with heating arrangement;
Be provided with retort in the burner hearth of described A stove, the furnace bottom of described A stove is provided with the diapire of ,Qie Gai gas access, gas access through described retort;
Be provided with the charging crucible in the burner hearth of described B stove, the sidewall middle part of described B stove is provided with gas access;
Air generator is connected respectively with the gas access of B stove with described A stove by gas buffer;
The top of described A stove and B stove is respectively equipped with gas vent, and described gas vent is connected with monitoring instrument.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system that the embodiment of the present invention provides, due to two kinds of experiment models of design, the Coal Self-ignition Process that the different states that leak out of simulation cause, utilize different draft types, type of heating, realize dark, shallow two kinds of differences are buried the simulation of state coal spontaneous combustion; According to actual conditions, can control the experiment oxygen system, realize the full stage Coal Self-ignition Process under different leakage intensity (for oxygen concentration) is controlled in conjunction with the ventilation air-flow, and then realized the simulation of multiple ventilation state coal spontaneous combustion.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The structural representation of the full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation that Fig. 2 is A stove in the embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation that Fig. 3 is B stove in the embodiment of the present invention;
The structural representation that Fig. 4 is gas buffer in the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure:
1, gas buffer, 2, the A stove, 3, oil-gas separator, 4, the water-cooled tank, 5, the B stove, 6, guidance panel;
11, over cap, 12, lid, 13, the flange hoop, 14, the poly-light brick of high temperature mullite, 15, resistance wire, 16, high alumina type alumina silicate fibre blanket, 17, thermopair, 18, ceramic fiber, 19, the casting screen pack, 20, the poly-light brick of high temperature mullite, 21, gas access, 22, thermopair, 23, retort, 24, oil-gas separator, 25, seal flange, 26, the water-cooled tank, 27, drying chamber, 28, mass flowmeter, 29, shell;
31, thermopair, 32, lid, 33, silicagel pad, 34, inner cap, 35, the poly-light brick of high temperature mullite, 36, connection terminal, 37, gas access, 38, ceramic fiber, 39, thermopair, 40, high alumina type alumina silicate fibre blanket, 41, gas vent, 42, the charging crucible, 43, the light-weight brick baffle plate, 44, resistance wire, 45, shell;
51, gas outlet A, 52, valve A, 53, air intake opening, 54, gas outlet B, 55, valve B, 56, tank body.
Embodiment
Below will be described in further detail the embodiment of the present invention.
Full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system of the present invention, its preferably embodiment be:
Comprise A stove, B stove, the inwall of described A stove and B stove is respectively equipped with heating arrangement;
Be provided with retort in the burner hearth of described A stove, the furnace bottom of described A stove is provided with the diapire of ,Qie Gai gas access, gas access through described retort;
Be provided with the charging crucible in the burner hearth of described B stove, the sidewall middle part of described B stove is provided with gas access;
Air generator is connected respectively with the gas access of B stove with described A stove by gas buffer;
The top of described A stove and B stove is respectively equipped with gas vent, and described gas vent is connected with monitoring instrument.
Described gas vent is connected with monitoring instrument by following one or more devices successively: oil-gas separator, water-cooled tank, drying chamber.
Described monitoring instrument comprises gas chromatograph and/or toxic gas analyser, and this full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system also comprises guidance panel, and described gas chromatograph, toxic gas analyser, guidance panel are connected with computing machine respectively.
Described heating arrangement comprises resistance wire, and the sidewall of described A stove and B stove comprises respectively two-layer, and the material of internal layer is ceramic fiber, and described resistance wire is cast in described ceramic fiber, the outer high alumina type alumina silicate fibre blanket that adopts.
The fire door of described A stove and the material of furnace bottom adopt the poly-light brick of high temperature mullite, and the material of the fire door of described B stove adopts the poly-light brick of high temperature mullite.
Full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system of the present invention can reach following technical advantage:
Can follow the tracks of coal spontaneous combustion and change from normal temperature to 800 ℃ dynamic evolution overall process parameter, but and the free setting heating curve, and have well in, adiabatic measure, to guarantee oxidative heat generation, distribute minimum;
According to different designs contrast experiment's stove of the mode of leaking out in coal spontaneous combustion, can carry out the leak out coal spontaneous combustion contrast test of two kinds of patterns of goaf air leaking, Earth Surface Atmosphere to same coal sample;
Can within than the short period, carry out many group experiments, the convenient comparative study to Coal rank, different-grain diameter coal spontaneous combustion characteristic;
Air feed system can be regulated, so as similar to the coal spontaneous combustion actual conditions, the impact of research air quantity (wind speed) on spontaneous combustion.
Specific embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, experimental system design is used the highest temperature to reach 1000 ℃ to the general structure of full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system, and experiment is 800 ℃ by the highest temperature.
1, material:
The experimental furnace burner hearth all adopts mullite refractory.With mullite (3Al 2o 32SiO 2) be the high alumina refractories of principal crystalline phase, Al 2o 3content is between 72%~75%.Mineral composition, except mullite, also contains a small amount of corundum.Refractoriness is higher, can reach more than 1790 ℃, is better than fireclay refractory.Loading softening starts 1600~1700 ℃ of temperature, and thermal shock resistance is good.
Furnace lining all adopts the aluminosilicate refractory fiber felt.Aluminosilicate refractory fiber is a kind of new fire-resistant guarantor of developing the in recent years material that overflows, and has high temperature resistantly, and thermal conductivity is little, and unit weight is little, the advantages such as Heat stability is good.Long-term serviceability temperature can reach 1000 ℃.Thermal conductivity is 0.09304~0.20934W/ (mK) in the time of 700~1000 ℃, is approximately 1/4 of light fire brick, is 1/7 of heavy refractory brick, therefore, with it, does furnace lining, and radiation loss is little.
The resistance wire of heating is selected ferrum-chromium-aluminum electrothermal alloy material.High temperature resistant property is good, and there is lower density and resistance coefficient and high-melting-point, large resistivity is large, price is also more cheap, applies comparatively extensive.
Temperature element adopts armoured K (nickel chromium triangle-nisiloy) thermopair, is suitable for using continuously in oxidisability and inert atmosphere, and the short-term serviceability temperature is 1200 ℃, and long-term serviceability temperature is 1000 ℃.The serviceability temperature wide ranges, stable performance under high temperature, thermopower and temperature concern approximately linear, low price.Armoured thermocouple not only has can be crooked, high pressure resistant, vibration resistance, thermal response time is fast and robust advantage; the K type thermopair that under the atmosphere that also makes itself to be not suitable for to replace in carbon containing, sulfur-bearing atmosphere and oxidation and reduction, naked silk is used has added one deck stainless steel protection pipe, and it can be used in rugged surroundings.
2, furnace binding:
Body of heater divides two, A stove, B stove.According to requirement of experiment, when experiment is carried out, internal temperature reaches as high as 800 degrees centigrade, needs inner layer material that high strength should high temperature resistantly be arranged again,, to avoid the body of heater external temperature too high; Therefore furnace wall is designed two-layer: internal layer is that the anti-material of SYGX-421 ceramic fiber is built the high temperature resistance silk, not only plays the effect of fixed resistance silk, also has extraordinary insulation heat-insulating property; The outer high alumina type alumina silicate fibre blanket parcel that adopts of stove material guarantees that the temperature of burner hearth inside can't be excessive.Two-layer insulation material has good heat-insulating property, makes hull-skin temperature reach requirement.Fire door and furnace bottom all adopt the high temperature mullite to gather light brick, have wear-resistant and effect heat-insulation and heat-preservation.
As shown in Figure 2, the concrete structure of A stove is:
A stove external form integral body is rectangular parallelepiped, and the bottom surface length and width are 380mm, high 520mm.The A stove is comprised of four parts: retort (the coal sample tank is housed), furnace wall and insulation, outlet pipe (comprising oil-gas separator, water-cooled tank, drying chamber etc.).Retort is placed in burner hearth, and in burner hearth, the space internal diameter is φ 125mm, dark 205mm.The technical parameter of A stove is as following table 1:
Table 1A stove technical parameter
Size of burner hearth mm Φ125×205×17
Power supply V 220
Rated power KW 1.5
Physical dimension mm 380×380×520
Thermometric zone (individual) 2
As shown in Figure 3, the concrete structure of B stove is:
B stove external form integral body is rectangular parallelepiped, and the bottom surface length and width are 380mm, high 460mm.The B stove is comprised of four parts: charging crucible, furnace wall and insulation, outlet pipe (comprising oil-gas separator, water-cooled tank, drying chamber etc.).The charging crucible is placed in burner hearth, and in burner hearth, the space internal diameter is φ 125mm, dark 205mm.The technical parameter of B stove is as following table 2:
Table 2B stove technical parameter
Size of burner hearth mm Φ125×205×17
Power supply V 220
Rated power KW 1
Physical dimension mm 380×380×460
Thermometric zone (individual) 2
3, type of heating:
By the various experiment type of heating of generalized analysis, and consider that heating atmosphere is the gas medium in the closed furnace space, the thermal source of experimental furnace and type of heating are selected the indirect resistance type of heating.After selected heating material, according to size and the supply voltage of temperature control test furnace power, get final product the size of calculative determination heating.A, B two stoves are selected respectively Φ 4.5, and the resistance wire of Φ 3.5 both can meet power requirement, can guarantee safe operating life again.The installation length of heating can obtain L=2.05m by size of burner hearth, and heating filament length degree l=10m, so determine that in fact the physical dimension of thread helical electric heating element is exactly to determine spiral pitch diameter and pitch.Choose spiral pitch diameter D=6d, the physical dimension of A stove heating is: spiral pitch diameter D=6*4.5mm=27mm, pitch h=0.64*4.5mm=2.88mm; The physical dimension of B stove heating is: spiral pitch diameter D=6*3.5mm=21mm, pitch h=0.64*3.5mm=2.24mm.
4, the difference simulation of state of leaking out:
According to difference be subject to hot mode and air intake mode just Proper Design be A stove and two kinds of structures of B stove, the A stove is designed to surrounding heating, bottom air inlet, retort is stainless steel, the spontaneous combustion of coal seam that simulation deep goaf air leaking causes.The B stove is designed to bottom-heated, surrounding infiltration air intake, and retort is corundum crucible, the simulation superficial part spontaneous combustion of coal seam that atmosphere leaks out and causes of appearing.
5, ventilation is controlled:
Air-channel system air inlet source adopts JBW-1208 type oil-free air compressor, is equipped with spinner-type flowmeter and controls air-flow.Due to this experimental system design A, two bodies of heater of B, air-channel system need to design the two-way air intake, need to be divided into two-way to the air compressor air intake air-flow like this, and can control its switch and flow separately, therefore settled controlled gas buffer (as Fig. 4) between air compressor and body of heater, not only can control the switch of A, B gas circuit, also can prevent from playing the effect of buffering because air-flow dispels too greatly coal sample.Three air intake openings are established in the tank body top, can realize the mixing of multiple gases proportioning, and proportionings as different from nitrogen as oxygen are mixed the simulated experiment that realizes coal spontaneous combustion under different oxygen concentrations.
6, the beneficial effect that technical solution of the present invention is brought:
Realize full stage simulation of Coal Self-ignition Process, adopt the various new material, make the experimental temperature expanded range to normal temperature to 800 ℃, comprised the overall process that coal never is oxidized to vigorous oxidation;
Design first two kinds of experiment models, the Coal Self-ignition Process that the different states that leak out of simulation cause, utilize different draft types, type of heating, realizes dark, shallow two kinds of differences are buried the simulation of state coal spontaneous combustion;
According to actual conditions, can control the experiment oxygen system, realize the full stage Coal Self-ignition Process under different leakage intensity (for oxygen concentration) is controlled in conjunction with the ventilation air-flow, and then realized the simulation of multiple ventilation state coal spontaneous combustion.
In concrete enforcement, the use that can select other novel refractory, reach 800 ℃ or higher experimental temperature, realizes the full stage simulation of coal spontaneous combustion from the room temperature to high temperature; To A stove and the design of B furnace binding, can be changed, ventilation equipment, draft type design can be changed, for realizing dark, shallow two kinds of differences are buried the simulation of state coal spontaneous combustion.
The above; be only the present invention's embodiment preferably, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, anyly is familiar with in technical scope that those skilled in the art disclose in the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.

Claims (5)

1. a full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system, is characterized in that, comprise A stove, B stove, the inwall of described A stove and B stove is respectively equipped with heating arrangement;
Be provided with retort in the burner hearth of described A stove, the furnace bottom of described A stove is provided with the diapire of ,Qie Gai gas access, gas access through described retort;
Be provided with the charging crucible in the burner hearth of described B stove, the sidewall middle part of described B stove is provided with gas access;
Air generator is connected respectively with the gas access of B stove with described A stove by gas buffer;
The top of described A stove and B stove is respectively equipped with gas vent, and described gas vent is connected with monitoring instrument.
2. full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gas vent is connected with monitoring instrument by following one or more devices successively: oil-gas separator, water-cooled tank, drying chamber.
3. full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described monitoring instrument comprises gas chromatograph and/or toxic gas analyser, this full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system also comprises guidance panel, and described gas chromatograph, toxic gas analyser, guidance panel are connected with computing machine respectively.
4. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental systems, it is characterized in that, described heating arrangement comprises resistance wire, the sidewall of described A stove and B stove comprises respectively two-layer, the material of internal layer is ceramic fiber, described resistance wire is cast in described ceramic fiber, the outer high alumina type alumina silicate fibre blanket that adopts.
5. full stage coal spontaneous combustion experimental system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the fire door of described A stove and the material of furnace bottom adopt the poly-light brick of high temperature mullite, and the material of the fire door of described B stove adopts the poly-light brick of high temperature mullite.
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CN105259091A (en) * 2015-11-10 2016-01-20 河南理工大学 Pressure-bearing broken residual coal permeability evolution and spontaneous combustion characteristic testing device
CN105806890A (en) * 2016-03-26 2016-07-27 河南理工大学 Coal spontaneous combustion characteristic parameter measuring device based on load pressurizing mode
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WO2018054046A1 (en) * 2016-09-22 2018-03-29 安徽理工大学 Testing apparatus for indicator gases of spontaneous combustion of coal, and testing method of testing apparatus
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CN108459048A (en) * 2017-12-19 2018-08-28 西安科技大学 A kind of analyzer and analysis method for coal petrography spontaneous combustion oxidation specificity analysis
CN108844995A (en) * 2018-05-02 2018-11-20 辽宁工程技术大学 A kind of coal spontaneous combustion adiabatic oxygenation experimental bench
CN109613203A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-04-12 中国神华能源股份有限公司 Secondary oxidation coal sample self-ignition fatalness sentences knowledge method and its electronic equipment
CN109490362B (en) * 2018-12-28 2024-02-27 西安科技大学 Oil bath type coal spontaneous combustion oxidation experimental system capable of truly simulating underground environment
CN109490362A (en) * 2018-12-28 2019-03-19 西安科技大学 A kind of oil-bath type coal spontaneous combustion oxidation experiment system of real simulation subsurface environment
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CN114935614B (en) * 2022-05-24 2024-02-23 安徽理工大学 Simulation experiment device and method for analyzing coal afterburning characteristics
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