CN111141064B - Multi-energy driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system - Google Patents
Multi-energy driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111141064B CN111141064B CN202010074462.3A CN202010074462A CN111141064B CN 111141064 B CN111141064 B CN 111141064B CN 202010074462 A CN202010074462 A CN 202010074462A CN 111141064 B CN111141064 B CN 111141064B
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013611 frozen food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B33/00—Boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-energy driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide double-stage compression refrigeration system, which comprises a carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigeration system and a solar energy/direct-fired absorption type refrigeration and heating system; the carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigerating system comprises a low-temperature compressor, a medium-temperature compressor, a parallel compressor, a condensation evaporator, a first condenser, a high-pressure throttle valve, a liquid reservoir, a medium-pressure throttle valve, a low-pressure throttle valve, a medium-temperature evaporator, a low-temperature evaporator and a bypass valve; the solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigerating and heating system comprises an absorber, a first throttle valve, a solution heat exchanger, a generator, a second condenser, a second throttle valve, a condensing evaporator, a solar heat collector, an energy accumulator, a gas heating heat conducting oil device, a heating water tank and a heating fan. The system is used for absorbing CO 2 The system is overlapped to enable CO 2 The system operates under subcritical conditions, so that the system efficiency is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a multi-energy driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system.
Background
At present, most of domestic refrigeration systems still mainly adopt two types of refrigerants, namely HCFCs and HFCs, but due to various adverse effects on the environment, related departments issue 'Vienna convention for protecting ozone layer' in 1985, 'Montreal protocol' in 1987, and 'Montreal protocol' is revised in the London conference in 1990 and the Copenhagen conference in 1992, which marks that the replacement process of CFCs and HCFCs in the world is continuously accelerated. Under the trend of environment-friendly refrigerant substitution, natural working medium CO 2 It is considered as a promising refrigerant in refrigeration because of its environmental friendliness, high safety and excellent thermophysical properties. Currently, CO 2 Refrigeration systems are used in many areas of the united states, japan, and europe. Domestic research and development is also actively underway in this respect.
The main field of CO2 transcritical circulation system application is commercial superrefrigeration system, in commercial superrefrigeration system the medium-temperature system and low-temperature system are divided, and two systems are respectively used for storing fresh-keeping food and frozen food, and its biggest characteristics are that it can be operated all year round, and its load change is not big. At present, CO is adopted 2 The transcritical refrigeration cycle has low system efficiency due to relatively large throttling loss, and the operation cost of the commercial and super system is obviously increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the technical defects in the prior art and provides a multi-energy-driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a multi-energy driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide double-stage compression refrigeration system comprises a carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigeration system and a solar/direct-fired absorption type refrigeration and heating system; the carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigerating system comprises a low-temperature compressor, a medium-temperature compressor, a parallel compressor, a condensation evaporator, a first condenser, a high-pressure throttle valve, a liquid reservoir, a medium-pressure throttle valve, a low-pressure throttle valve, a medium-temperature evaporator, a low-temperature evaporator and a bypass valve; the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator is connected with the air suction port of the low-temperature evaporator, the air outlet of the low-temperature evaporator is connected with the air suction port of the medium-temperature compressor and the outlet of the bypass valve after being connected in parallel, the air outlet of the liquid storage device is connected with the air suction port of the parallel compressor and the inlet of the bypass valve respectively, the air outlet of the parallel compressor is connected with the air outlet of the medium-temperature compressor in parallel, one path is connected with the refrigerant channel inlet of the condensation evaporator, the other path is connected with the inlet of the first condenser through a first valve, the refrigerant channel outlet of the condensation evaporator is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage device through the high-pressure throttle valve after being connected with the outlet of the condenser in parallel, the outlet of the liquid storage device is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator through the medium-pressure throttle valve, and the other path is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure evaporator through the low-pressure throttle valve;
the solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigerating and heating system comprises an absorber, a first throttle valve, a solution heat exchanger, a generator, a second condenser, a second throttle valve, a condensation evaporator, a solar heat collector, an energy accumulator, a gas heating heat conducting oil device, a heating water tank and a heating fan, wherein an inlet of the absorber is connected with a solution channel outlet of the condensation evaporator, a solution outlet of the absorber is sequentially connected with a first channel of the solution heat exchanger and a solution inlet of the generator through a solution pump, and a gas outlet of the generator is sequentially connected with a solution channel inlet of the condensation evaporator through the second condenser and the second throttle valve; the concentrated solution outlet of the generator is connected with the solution inlet of the absorber through the second channel and the first throttle valve of the solution heat exchanger; one path of the solar heat collector and a heating device in the generator form solar heating circulation to provide heat for lithium bromide solution in the generator, and the other path of the solar heat collector is connected with the energy accumulator; the energy accumulator and a heating device in the generator form an energy storage heating cycle; the gas heating heat conducting oil device is connected with a heating device in the generator to form gas heating circulation, the gas heating heat conducting oil device is connected with a heater in the heating water tank through a heat conducting oil pump to form gas heating circulation, and the heating water tank is connected with the heating fan through a water pump to form heating circulation.
Temperature sensors and pressure sensors are respectively arranged on pipelines of the air suction end and the air discharge end of the low-temperature compressor, the medium-temperature compressor and the parallel compressor and are used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the air suction and the air discharge of the compressors; the front pipelines of the low-temperature evaporator and the medium-temperature evaporator are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and the temperature sensors and the pressure sensors are used for measuring the evaporation temperature and the evaporation pressure of the low-temperature evaporator and the medium-temperature evaporator; the front pipeline of the condensing evaporator is provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring heat exchange temperature and flow of the cascade system; temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector and are used for measuring the temperature of heat conduction oil at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector; the front pipeline and the rear pipeline of the generator are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heat exchange quantity of the generator; a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are respectively arranged on a heating front pipeline and a heating rear pipeline of the heating fan and are used for measuring heating quantity in winter; and the outlet pipeline of the gas heating conduction oil device is respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heating quantity of the gas.
And the cooling circulation consists of the cooling tower, a cooling water tank and the second condenser.
The signal output ends of the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flowmeter are respectively connected with the data receiving end of the controller, and the controller transmits data through the Ethernet and displays remote data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system fully utilizes solar energy, and the carbon dioxide system is overlapped through the absorption system, so that the carbon dioxide system can operate under subcritical conditions to improve efficiency, and meanwhile, the function for heating in winter is added. The system of the invention is beneficial to improving the system efficiency and reducing the operation cost by carrying out performance test under different working conditions and load proportions, data acquisition and fault analysis on the carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigerating system and the solar/direct-fired absorption refrigerating and heating system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-energy driven absorption cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a principle diagram of a multi-energy driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide double-stage compression refrigerating system, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises a carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigerating system II and a solar energy/direct-fired absorption type refrigerating and heating system I. The carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigeration system II comprises a low-temperature compressor 1, a medium-temperature compressor 2, a parallel compressor 3, a condensation evaporator 4, a first condenser 35, a high-pressure throttle valve 5, a liquid storage 6, a medium-pressure throttle valve 8, a low-pressure throttle valve 9, a medium-temperature evaporator 10, a low-temperature evaporator 11 and a bypass valve 7. The outlet of the low-temperature evaporator 11 is connected with the air suction port of the low-temperature evaporator, the air outlet of the low-temperature evaporator 11 is connected with the outlet of the medium-temperature evaporator in parallel and then is respectively connected with the air suction port of the medium-temperature compressor and the outlet of the bypass valve 7, the air outlet of the liquid storage 6 is respectively connected with the air suction port of the parallel compressor and the inlet of the bypass valve 7, the air outlet of the parallel compressor is connected with the air outlet of the medium-temperature compressor in parallel and then is connected with the refrigerant channel inlet of the condensation evaporator, the other path is connected with the inlet of the first condenser through a first valve 36, the refrigerant channel outlet of the condensation evaporator 4 is connected with the inlet of the condenser through the high-pressure throttle valve after being connected with the outlet of the condenser in parallel, the outlet of the liquid storage is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator through the medium-pressure throttle valve 8, and the other path is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure evaporator 11 through the low-pressure throttle valve 9. The bypass valve 7 is opened under the working condition of high temperature in summer, and the gas discharged from part of the gas-liquid separator is throttled and depressurized and then is converged with the medium-temperature gas discharged from the low-temperature evaporator, and the gas enters the medium-temperature compressor to be compressed to high temperature and high pressure.
The solar direct-fired absorption refrigerating and heating system I comprises an absorber 16, a first throttle valve 15, a solution heat exchanger 13, a generator 14, a second condenser 17, a second throttle valve 18, the condensation evaporator 4, a solar heat collector 20, an energy accumulator 22, a fuel gas heating and heat conducting oil device 25, a heating water tank 28 and a heating fan 20. The inlet of the absorber 16 is connected with the outlet of the solution channel of the condensation evaporator 4, the solution outlet of the absorber 16 is sequentially connected with the first channel of the solution heat exchanger 13 and the solution inlet of the generator 14 through the solution pump 12, and the gas outlet of the generator 14 is sequentially connected with the inlet of the solution channel of the condensation evaporator 4 through the second condenser 17 and the second throttle valve 18. The concentrated solution outlet of the generator 14 is connected to the solution inlet of the absorber 16 via a second channel of the solution heat exchanger 13, a first throttle valve 15.
The generator 14 of the present invention may provide heat in a number of different cyclic ways. One path of the solar heat collector 20 forms solar heating circulation with the heating device in the generator 14, heat is provided for the lithium bromide solution in the generator 14 through the solar heat collector 20, and the other path is connected with the energy accumulator 22 to store the heat into the energy accumulator 22. The accumulator 22 forms an energy storage heating cycle with the heating means in the generator 14, and heat is provided to the lithium bromide solution in the generator 14 by the accumulator 22 when the solar energy is not able to provide sufficient heat. The gas heating heat conducting oil device 25 is connected with a heating device in the generator 14 to form gas heating circulation, the gas heating heat conducting oil device 25 is connected with a heater in the heating water tank through a heat conducting oil pump to form gas heating circulation, and the heating water tank is connected with the heating fan through a water pump to form heating circulation.
The heat provided to the generator 14 may be a solar collector 20, a gas heating thermal oil device 25, or the like. The connection manner in this embodiment is: the outlet of the solar heat collector 20 is connected with a first interface of the four-way reversing valve 21, a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 21 is connected with a first conduction oil interface of the heating water tank 28 and a conduction oil inlet of the gas heating conduction oil device 25 respectively, a first interface of the energy accumulator 22 is connected with a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 21, a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 21 is connected with a second interface of the first three-way valve 23, a third interface of the second three-way valve 26 and an inlet of a heating device in the generator 14 respectively, a second interface of the energy accumulator 22 is connected with the first interface of the first three-way valve 23, a third interface of the first three-way valve 23 is connected with an outlet of the heating device in the generator 14 and an inlet of the first oil pump 19 respectively, an outlet of the first oil pump 19 is connected with an inlet of the solar heat collector 20, and a second valve 24 is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector. The first port of the second three-way valve 26 is connected with a heat conducting oil outlet of the gas heat conducting oil heating device 25 and an inlet of the second oil pump 27, an outlet of the second oil pump is connected with a second heat conducting oil port of the heating water tank, and the heating water tank provides heat for the heating fan 30 through the water pump 29.
In order to enhance the cooling of the second condenser 17, a cooling cycle consisting of the cooling tower 32, the cooling water tank 31 and the second condenser 17 is also included. The cooling water tank may be connected in series with the heating water tank to provide heat to the heating fan 30. The inlet of the cooling tower 32 is provided with a third valve 34, and the inlet of the cooling water tank is provided with a fourth valve 33.
In order to test different working conditions in the system, temperature sensors and pressure sensors are respectively arranged on pipelines of the air suction end and the air discharge end of the low-temperature compressor 1, the medium-temperature compressor 2 and the parallel compressor 3 and are used for measuring the temperature and the pressure of the air suction and the air discharge of the compressors; a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the front pipelines of the low-temperature evaporator 11 and the medium-temperature evaporator 10 and are used for measuring the evaporation temperature and the evaporation pressure of the low-temperature evaporator 11 and the medium-temperature evaporator 10; a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are arranged in the front pipeline of the condensation evaporator 4 and are used for measuring heat exchange temperature and flow of the cascade system; a temperature sensor is respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector 20 and is used for measuring the temperature of the heat conduction oil at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector 20; a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are respectively arranged on the front pipeline and the rear pipeline of the generator 14 and are used for measuring the heat exchange quantity of the generator; a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are respectively arranged on the heating front and rear pipelines of the heating fan 30 and are used for measuring the heating quantity in winter; the outlet pipeline of the gas heating heat conducting oil device 25 is respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the gas heating quantity.
In order to facilitate remote monitoring, signal output ends of the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flowmeter are respectively connected with a data receiving end of a controller, and the controller transmits data through Ethernet to conduct remote data display of the data.
The experimental system comprises a single-carbon-dioxide double-stage compression testing loop, a single-solar-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide double-stage compression refrigeration testing system loop, a solar-gas simultaneous-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide double-stage compression refrigeration heating system testing loop, and a solar-gas simultaneous-driven absorption heating system testing loop, wherein each testing loop can be opened and closed under the control of a valve.
The principle of the single carbon dioxide two-stage compression test loop is as follows: the solar/direct-fired absorption system is not in operation. Opening a first valve 36, sucking the refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator 11 by the low-temperature compressor 1, compressing the refrigerant vapor to the intermediate pressure, and then entering the intermediate-temperature compressor 2; then enters a first condenser 35 for condensation, and then enters a high-pressure throttle valve 5 for adiabatic throttling; then the refrigerant enters the liquid storage device 6 for gas-liquid separation, and part of the saturated liquid of the refrigerant separated from the liquid storage device 6 is subjected to adiabatic throttling through the medium-pressure throttling valve 8 and then enters the medium-temperature evaporator 10 for evaporation; the other part of separated refrigerant saturated liquid passes through the low-pressure throttle valve 9 and then enters the low-temperature evaporator 11 to be evaporated, then enters the low-temperature compressor 1, and the refrigerant from the low-temperature compressor 1 is mixed with the refrigerant gas at the outlet of the medium-temperature evaporator 10 and enters the medium-temperature compressor 2 together; the gas refrigerant separated by the accumulator 6 directly enters the parallel compressor 3 for isentropic compression, and is mixed with the refrigerant from the medium temperature compressor 2 to enter the first condenser 35.
The single solar drive absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration test system has the following loop principle: the first valve 36 is closed, the low-temperature compressor 1 sucks the refrigerant steam at the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator 11, compresses the refrigerant steam to the intermediate pressure and then enters the intermediate-temperature compressor 2; then enters a condensing evaporator 4 for condensation, and then enters a high-pressure throttle valve 5 for adiabatic throttling; then the refrigerant enters the liquid storage device 6 for gas-liquid separation, and part of the saturated liquid of the refrigerant separated from the liquid storage device 6 is subjected to adiabatic throttling through the medium-pressure throttling valve 8 and then enters the medium-temperature evaporator 10 for evaporation; the other part of separated refrigerant saturated liquid passes through the low-pressure throttle valve 9 and then enters the low-temperature evaporator 11 to be evaporated, then enters the low-temperature compressor 1, and the refrigerant from the low-temperature compressor 1 is mixed with the refrigerant gas at the outlet of the medium-temperature evaporator 10 and enters the medium-temperature compressor 2 together; the gas refrigerant separated by the liquid accumulator 6 directly enters the parallel compressor 3 for isentropic compression, and is mixed with the refrigerant from the medium temperature compressor 2 to enter the condensation evaporator 4, so as to form a carbon dioxide double-stage compression cycle. The refrigerant in the condensing evaporator 4 in the receiving system absorbs heat from the carbon dioxide double-stage compression cycle, the vaporized refrigerant vapor enters the absorber 16, the vapor is mixed with the concentrated solution from the generator 14 in the absorber 16, the mixed solution is pumped into the solution heat exchanger 13 by the solution pump 12, and heat exchange is carried out between the mixed solution and the concentrated solution at the outlet of the generator 14 in the solution heat exchanger 13. The water vapor evaporated in the generator 14 passes through the first condenser 35 and the second throttle valve 18 in this order, and enters the condensation-evaporator 4 again. The concentrated solution of the generator 14 sequentially enters the solution heat exchanger 13, the throttle valve 18 and the absorber 16, and the heat of the cooling water of the second condenser 17 and the absorber 16 is taken away by the cooling tower 32 and sequentially circulates. When the solar energy is sufficient, the heat conduction oil is heated to 95 ℃ through the solar heat collector 20, flows through the four-way valve 21, one part of the heat conduction oil enters the energy accumulator 22, the redundant energy is stored in the energy accumulator 22, and the other part of the heat conduction oil is used for heating the lithium bromide solution of the generator 14 in the absorption system to drive the absorption system to operate. The energy stored in the accumulator 22 is used to heat the conduction oil during night or daytime when no light is available, and the heated conduction oil heats the lithium bromide solution of the generator 14 in the absorption system, so that the absorption system can operate normally during no light.
The test loop principle of the solar energy and fuel gas simultaneous driving absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration and heating system is as follows: on the basis of the single solar energy driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide double-stage compression refrigeration test system loop principle, the condensation heat of an absorption type system is recovered to preheat heating water, a gas heating heat conducting oil device 25 is introduced, part of the heat conducting oil heated by the gas is used for heating water in a heating water tank 28 to realize heating, the other part of the heat conducting oil enters a heating device in a generator 14 to heat lithium bromide solution in the generator 14, so that the heat required when the solar heat collector 20 and the energy accumulator 22 cannot drive the absorption type system to run is recovered to make up for insufficient illumination.
The principle of the test loop of the solar energy and fuel gas simultaneous driving absorption type heating system is as follows: CO when the outdoor ambient temperature is low 2 The efficiency of the two-stage compression system is higher, the absorption system is not operated at the moment, and CO 2 The first condenser 35 of the two-stage compression system exchanges heat with the outdoor environment, the heat conduction oil passing through the heat collector 20 in daytime is divided into three paths at the four-way valve 21, one path directly enters the heating water tank 28 to directly preheat heating water, the other path enters the energy accumulator 22 to store heat, the stored energy is used for preheating the heating water without illumination, and the other path enters the gas thermal driving device 25 to heat the preheated heating water.
The invention provides a carbon dioxide double-stage compression system based on safety and environmental protection, which is a large-scale comprehensive multifunctional performance test system for carrying out performance test, data acquisition and fault analysis under different working conditions and load ratios by overlapping a solar energy and natural gas phase matched driving absorption refrigerator and a carbon dioxide system.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The multi-energy driven absorption type overlapping carbon dioxide double-stage compression refrigeration system is characterized by comprising a carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigeration system and a solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigeration and heating system; the carbon dioxide double-stage parallel compression refrigerating system comprises a low-temperature compressor, a medium-temperature compressor, a parallel compressor, a condensation evaporator, a first condenser, a high-pressure throttle valve, a liquid reservoir, a medium-pressure throttle valve, a low-pressure throttle valve, a medium-temperature evaporator, a low-temperature evaporator and a bypass valve; the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator is connected with the air suction port of the low-temperature evaporator, the air outlet of the low-temperature evaporator is connected with the air suction port of the medium-temperature compressor and the outlet of the bypass valve after being connected in parallel, the air outlet of the liquid storage device is connected with the air suction port of the parallel compressor and the inlet of the bypass valve respectively, the air outlet of the parallel compressor is connected with the air outlet of the medium-temperature compressor in parallel, one path is connected with the refrigerant channel inlet of the condensation evaporator, the other path is connected with the inlet of the first condenser through a first valve, the refrigerant channel outlet of the condensation evaporator is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage device through the high-pressure throttle valve after being connected with the outlet of the condenser in parallel, the outlet of the liquid storage device is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the inlet of the medium-temperature evaporator through the medium-pressure throttle valve, and the other path is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature evaporator through the low-pressure throttle valve; the solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigerating and heating system comprises an absorber, a first throttle valve, a solution heat exchanger, a generator, a second condenser, a second throttle valve, a condensation evaporator, a solar heat collector, an energy accumulator, a gas heating heat conducting oil device, a heating water tank and a heating fan, wherein an inlet of the absorber is connected with a solution channel outlet of the condensation evaporator, a solution outlet of the absorber is sequentially connected with a first channel of the solution heat exchanger and a solution inlet of the generator through a solution pump, and a gas outlet of the generator is sequentially connected with a solution channel inlet of the condensation evaporator through the second condenser and the second throttle valve; the concentrated solution outlet of the generator is connected with the solution inlet of the absorber through the second channel and the first throttle valve of the solution heat exchanger; one path of the solar heat collector and a heating device in the generator form solar heating circulation to provide heat for lithium bromide solution in the generator, and the other path of the solar heat collector is connected with the energy accumulator; the energy accumulator and a heating device in the generator form an energy storage heating cycle; the gas heating heat conducting oil device is connected with a heating device in the generator to form gas heating circulation, the gas heating heat conducting oil device is connected with a heater in the heating water tank through a heat conducting oil pump to form gas heating circulation, and the heating water tank is connected with the heating fan through a water pump to form heating circulation.
2. The multi-energy driven absorption cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are respectively arranged on pipelines of a suction end and a discharge end of the low-temperature compressor, the medium-temperature compressor and the parallel compressor and are used for measuring the suction and discharge temperature and the pressure of the compressors; the front pipelines of the low-temperature evaporator and the medium-temperature evaporator are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and the temperature sensors and the pressure sensors are used for measuring the evaporation temperature and the evaporation pressure of the low-temperature evaporator and the medium-temperature evaporator; the front pipeline of the condensing evaporator is provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring heat exchange temperature and flow of the cascade system; temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector and are used for measuring the temperature of heat conduction oil at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector; the front pipeline and the rear pipeline of the generator are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heat exchange quantity of the generator; a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are respectively arranged on a heating front pipeline and a heating rear pipeline of the heating fan and are used for measuring heating quantity in winter; and the outlet pipeline of the gas heating conduction oil device is respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heating quantity of the gas.
3. The multi-energy driven absorption cascade carbon dioxide dual-stage compression refrigeration system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising a cooling cycle consisting of a cooling tower, a cooling water tank and the second condenser.
4. The multi-energy driven absorption cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system according to claim 2, wherein signal output ends of the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flowmeter are respectively connected with a data receiving end of a controller, and the controller transmits data through an Ethernet and displays remote data.
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