CN111141064A - Multi-energy-driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system - Google Patents
Multi-energy-driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system Download PDFInfo
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013611 frozen food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B33/00—Boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/006—Accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-energy-source-driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system, which comprises carbon dioxideA two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system and a solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigeration and heating system; the carbon dioxide two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system comprises a low-temperature compressor, a medium-temperature compressor, a parallel compressor, a condensation evaporator, a first condenser, a high-pressure throttle valve, a liquid storage device, a medium-pressure throttle valve, a low-pressure throttle valve, a medium-temperature evaporator, a low-temperature evaporator and a bypass valve; the solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigerating and heating system comprises an absorber, a first throttling valve, a solution heat exchanger, a generator, a second condenser, a second throttling valve, a condensation evaporator, a solar heat collector, an energy accumulator, a fuel gas heat conduction oil heating device, a hot water supply tank and a heating fan. The system is used for treating CO through an absorption system2The system is overlapped to make CO2The system operates under the subcritical condition, the system efficiency is improved, and the operation cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration, in particular to a multi-energy-source-driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system.
Background
Currently, most of domestic refrigeration systems mainly use two types of refrigerants, HCFCs and HFCs, but due to various adverse effects on the environment, the relevant departments successively revised the Vienna convention for ozone layer protection in 1985, Montreal protocol in 1987, and the Montreal protocol in the London conference in 1990 and the Copenhagen conference in 1992, which indicates that the replacement of CFCs and HCFCs is progressing faster worldwide. Under the trend of environmental protection refrigerant substitution, natural working medium CO2It is considered to be a promising refrigerant in refrigeration because of its environmental friendliness, high safety and excellent thermophysical properties. At present, CO2Refrigeration systems are used in many applications in the united states, japan and europe. In this respect, the domestic field is also actively under research and development.
The main field of application of the CO2 transcritical circulation system is a commercial super refrigeration system, the commercial super refrigeration system is divided into a medium-temperature system and a low-temperature system, the medium-temperature system and the low-temperature system are respectively used for storing fresh-keeping food and frozen food, and the commercial super refrigeration system is characterized by running throughout the year and small load change. At present, CO is used2Transcritical refrigeration cycle, relatively large throttling loss causes system inefficiency, and commercial-super systemThe running cost of the process is remarkably increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-energy-source-driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system aiming at the technical defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a multi-energy-source-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system comprises a carbon dioxide two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system and a solar energy/direct-fired absorption-type refrigeration and heating system; the carbon dioxide two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system comprises a low-temperature compressor, a medium-temperature compressor, a parallel compressor, a condensation evaporator, a first condenser, a high-pressure throttle valve, a liquid storage device, a medium-pressure throttle valve, a low-pressure throttle valve, a medium-temperature evaporator, a low-temperature evaporator and a bypass valve; the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator is connected with the air suction port of the low-temperature evaporator, the exhaust port of the low-temperature evaporator is connected with the outlet of the medium-temperature evaporator in parallel and then respectively connected with the air suction port of the medium-temperature compressor and the outlet of the bypass valve, the gas outlet of the liquid storage device is connected with the air suction port of the parallel compressor and the inlet of the bypass valve respectively, one path of the exhaust port of the parallel compressor is connected with the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the condensation evaporator after being connected with the exhaust port of the medium-temperature compressor in parallel, the other path of the exhaust port of the parallel compressor is connected with the inlet of the first condenser through the first valve, the outlet of the refrigerant channel of the condensation evaporator is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage device through the high-pressure throttle valve after being connected with the outlet of the condenser in parallel, the, the other path is connected with an inlet of the low-pressure evaporator through the low-pressure throttle valve;
the solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigerating and heating system comprises an absorber, a first throttling valve, a solution heat exchanger, a generator, a second condenser, a second throttling valve, a condensation evaporator, a solar heat collector, an energy accumulator, a fuel gas heat conduction oil heating device, a heat supply water tank and a heating fan, wherein an inlet of the absorber is connected with an outlet of a solution channel of the condensation evaporator, a solution outlet of the absorber is sequentially connected with a first channel of the solution heat exchanger and a solution inlet of the generator through a solution pump, and a gas outlet of the generator is sequentially connected with the inlet of the solution channel of the condensation evaporator through the second condenser and the second throttling valve; the concentrated solution outlet of the generator is connected with the solution inlet of the absorber through the second channel of the solution heat exchanger and the first throttling valve; one path of the solar heat collector and a heating device in the generator form a solar heating cycle to provide heat for a lithium bromide solution in the generator, and the other path of the solar heat collector is connected with the energy accumulator; the energy accumulator and a heating device in the generator form an energy accumulation heating cycle; the gas heating heat conduction oil device is connected with a heating device in the generator to form gas heating circulation, the gas heating heat conduction oil device is connected with a heater in the water supply tank through a heat conduction oil pump to form gas heating circulation, and the water supply tank is connected with the heating fan through a water pump to form heating circulation.
The pipelines of the suction end and the exhaust end of the low-temperature compressor, the medium-temperature compressor and the parallel compressor are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor which are used for measuring the suction and exhaust temperature and pressure of the compressor; the front pipelines of the low-temperature evaporator and the medium-temperature evaporator are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor which are used for measuring the evaporation temperature and the evaporation pressure of the low-temperature evaporator and the medium-temperature evaporator; a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are arranged on a front pipeline of the condensation evaporator and are used for measuring the heat exchange temperature and flow of the cascade system; temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector and are used for measuring the temperature of heat conducting oil at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector; a front pipeline and a rear pipeline of the generator are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heat exchange quantity of the generator; the heating front and rear pipelines of the heating fan are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heating amount in winter; and a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are respectively arranged on an outlet pipeline of the gas heating heat-conducting oil device and are used for measuring the gas heating amount.
And the cooling circulation is formed by the cooling tower, the cooling water tank and the second condenser.
The signal output ends of the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flowmeter are respectively connected with a data receiving end of the controller, and the controller transmits data through the Ethernet and carries out remote data display.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system makes full use of solar energy, improves the efficiency of the carbon dioxide system by overlapping the absorption system, increases the function of heating in winter, and drives the absorption system by matching fuel gas with solar energy under the condition of insufficient solar energy efficiency in winter. The system of the invention is beneficial to improving the system efficiency and reducing the operation cost by carrying out performance test, data acquisition and fault analysis under different working conditions and load ratios on the carbon dioxide two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system and the solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigeration and heating system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-energy-source-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
The schematic diagram of the multi-energy-source-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system is shown in fig. 1, and the multi-energy-source-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system comprises a carbon dioxide two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system II and a solar energy/direct-fired absorption-type refrigeration and heating system I. The carbon dioxide two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system II comprises a low-temperature compressor 1, a medium-temperature compressor 2, a parallel compressor 3, a condensation evaporator 4, a first condenser 35, a high-pressure throttle valve 5, a liquid storage device 6, a medium-pressure throttle valve 8, a low-pressure throttle valve 9, a medium-temperature evaporator 10, a low-temperature evaporator 11 and a bypass valve 7. The outlet of the low-temperature evaporator 11 is connected with the air suction port of the low-temperature evaporator, the exhaust port of the low-temperature evaporator 11 is connected with the outlet of the medium-temperature evaporator in parallel and then is respectively connected with the air suction port of the medium-temperature compressor and the outlet of the bypass valve 7, the gas outlet of the liquid storage device 6 is respectively connected with the air suction port of the parallel compressor and the inlet of the bypass valve 7, one path of the exhaust port of the parallel compressor and the exhaust port of the medium-temperature compressor is connected with the refrigerant channel inlet of the condensing evaporator after being connected in parallel, the other path of the exhaust port of the parallel compressor and the exhaust port of the medium-temperature compressor are connected with the inlet of the first condenser through a first valve 36, the refrigerant channel outlet of the condensing evaporator 4 is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage device through the high-pressure throttle valve after being connected in parallel, the, and the other path is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure evaporator 11 through the low-pressure throttle valve 9. The bypass valve 7 is opened under the high-temperature working condition in summer, and the gas from part of the gas-liquid separator is throttled and depressurized and then is converged with the medium-temperature gas from the low-temperature evaporator, and then enters the medium-temperature compressor to be compressed to high temperature and high pressure.
The solar direct-fired absorption type refrigerating and heating system I comprises an absorber 16, a first throttling valve 15, a solution heat exchanger 13, a generator 14, a second condenser 17, a second throttling valve 18, a condensation evaporator 4, a solar heat collector 20, an energy accumulator 22, a gas heating heat conduction oil device 25, a hot water supply tank 28 and a heating fan 20. An inlet of the absorber 16 is connected with an outlet of a solution passage of the condensation evaporator 4, a solution outlet of the absorber 16 is sequentially connected with a first passage of the solution heat exchanger 13 and a solution inlet of the generator 14 through a solution pump 12, and a gas outlet of the generator 14 is sequentially connected with an inlet of a solution passage of the condensation evaporator 4 through a second condenser 17 and a second throttle valve 18. The concentrated solution outlet of the generator 14 is connected to the solution inlet of the absorber 16 via a second channel of the solution heat exchanger 13, a first throttle valve 15.
The generator 14 of the present invention can provide heat in a number of different cycles. One path of the solar heat collector 20 and a heating device in the generator 14 form a solar heating cycle, the solar heat collector 20 provides heat for the lithium bromide solution in the generator 14, and the other path of the solar heat collector is connected with the energy accumulator 22 to store the heat in the energy accumulator 22. The accumulator 22 forms an energy storage heating cycle with the heating device in the generator 14, and when solar energy cannot provide enough heat, heat is provided for the lithium bromide solution in the generator 14 through the accumulator 22. The gas heating heat conduction oil device 25 is connected with a heating device in the generator 14 to form gas heating circulation, the gas heating heat conduction oil device 25 is connected with a heater in the water supply tank through a heat conduction oil pump to form gas heating circulation, and the water supply tank is connected with the heating fan through a water pump to form heat supply circulation.
The generator 14 can be provided with heat by a solar heat collector 20, a gas-heated heat transfer oil device 25 and the like. The connection mode in this embodiment is: an outlet of the solar heat collector 20 is connected with a first interface of a four-way reversing valve 21, a second interface of the four-way reversing valve 21 is respectively connected with a first heat-conducting oil interface of the heating water tank 28 and a heat-conducting oil inlet of the gas heating heat-conducting oil device 25, a first interface of the energy accumulator 22 is connected with a fourth interface of the four-way reversing valve 21, a third interface of the four-way reversing valve 21 is respectively connected with a second interface of a first three-way valve 23, a third interface of a second three-way valve 26 and an inlet of a heating device in the generator 14, a second interface of the energy accumulator 22 is connected with the first interface of the first three-way valve 23, a third interface of the first three-way valve 23 is respectively connected with an outlet of the heating device in the generator 14 and an inlet of a first oil pump 19, an outlet of the first oil pump 19 is connected with an inlet of the solar heat collector 20, a second valve 24 is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the solar collector. A first interface of the second three-way valve 26 is connected with a heat conduction oil outlet of the gas heat conduction oil heating device 25 and an inlet of the second oil pump 27, an outlet of the second oil pump is connected with a second heat conduction oil interface of the heating water tank, and the heating water tank provides heat for the heating fan 30 through a water pump 29.
In order to enhance the cooling of the second condenser 17, a cooling cycle consisting of the cooling tower 32, the cooling water tank 31 and the second condenser 17 is further included. The cooling water tank may be connected in series with the heating water tank to provide heat for the heating blower 30. The inlet of the cooling tower 32 is provided with a third valve 34, and the inlet of the cooling water tank is provided with a fourth valve 33.
In order to test different working conditions in the system, temperature sensors and pressure sensors are respectively arranged on pipelines of a suction end and a discharge end of the low-temperature compressor 1, the medium-temperature compressor 2 and the parallel compressor 3 and are used for measuring the suction and discharge temperature and pressure of the compressors; the front pipelines of the low-temperature evaporator 11 and the medium-temperature evaporator 10 are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor for measuring the evaporation temperature and the evaporation pressure of the low-temperature evaporator 11 and the medium-temperature evaporator 10; a pipeline in front of the condensation evaporator 4 is provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heat exchange temperature and flow of the cascade system; temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector 20 and used for measuring the temperature of heat conducting oil at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector 20; a front pipeline and a rear pipeline of the generator 14 are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heat exchange quantity of the generator; a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are respectively arranged on the heating front and rear pipelines of the heating fan 30 and are used for measuring the heating amount in winter; and a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are respectively arranged on an outlet pipeline of the gas heating heat-conducting oil device 25 and are used for measuring the gas heating quantity.
In order to facilitate remote monitoring, the signal output ends of the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flowmeter are respectively connected with a data receiving end of the controller, and the controller transmits data through the Ethernet to perform remote data display of the data.
The experimental system comprises a single carbon dioxide two-stage compression test circuit, a single solar energy drive absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration test system circuit, an absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration heating system test circuit driven by solar energy and fuel gas simultaneously, an absorption type heating system test circuit driven by solar energy and fuel gas simultaneously, and each test circuit can be controlled to be opened and closed through a valve.
The principle of the single-carbon dioxide double-stage compression test loop is as follows: the solar/direct fired absorption system does not operate. Opening a first valve 36, sucking the refrigerant steam at the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator 11 by the low-temperature compressor 1, compressing the refrigerant steam to an intermediate pressure, and then entering the medium-temperature compressor 2; then enters a first condenser 35 for condensation, and then enters a high-pressure throttling valve 5 for adiabatic throttling; then the refrigerant enters a liquid storage device 6 for gas-liquid separation, one part of the saturated liquid of the refrigerant separated from the liquid storage device 6 is subjected to heat insulation throttling through a medium-pressure throttling valve 8 and then enters a medium-temperature evaporator 10 for evaporation; the other part of the separated refrigerant saturated liquid enters a low-temperature evaporator 11 for evaporation after passing through a low-pressure throttle valve 9, then enters a low-temperature compressor 1, and the refrigerant coming out of the low-temperature compressor 1 is mixed with the refrigerant gas at the outlet of a medium-temperature evaporator 10 and enters a medium-temperature compressor 2 together; the gas refrigerant separated from the accumulator 6 directly enters the parallel compressor 3 for isentropic compression, and is mixed with the refrigerant from the medium temperature compressor 2 to enter the first condenser 35.
The single solar energy driven absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration test system has the following loop principle: the first valve 36 is closed, the low-temperature compressor 1 sucks the refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator 11, and the refrigerant vapor enters the medium-temperature compressor 2 after being compressed to the intermediate pressure; then the condensed water enters a condensing evaporator 4 for condensation and then enters a high-pressure throttle valve 5 for adiabatic throttling; then the refrigerant enters a liquid storage device 6 for gas-liquid separation, one part of the saturated liquid of the refrigerant separated from the liquid storage device 6 is subjected to heat insulation throttling through a medium-pressure throttling valve 8 and then enters a medium-temperature evaporator 10 for evaporation; the other part of the separated refrigerant saturated liquid enters a low-temperature evaporator 11 for evaporation after passing through a low-pressure throttle valve 9, then enters a low-temperature compressor 1, and the refrigerant coming out of the low-temperature compressor 1 is mixed with the refrigerant gas at the outlet of a medium-temperature evaporator 10 and enters a medium-temperature compressor 2 together; the gas refrigerant separated from the liquid accumulator 6 directly enters the parallel compressor 3 for isentropic compression, and is mixed with the refrigerant from the medium temperature compressor 2 to enter the condensation evaporator 4 to form a carbon dioxide two-stage compression cycle. In the absorption system, refrigerant in the condensing evaporator 4 absorbs heat from a carbon dioxide two-stage compression cycle, evaporated refrigerant vapor enters the absorber 16, is mixed with the concentrated solution from the generator 14 in the absorber 16, and the mixed solution is pumped into the solution heat exchanger 13 by the solution pump 12 and exchanges heat with the concentrated solution at the outlet of the generator 14 in the solution heat exchanger 13. The water vapor evaporated in the generator 14 passes through the first condenser 35, the second throttle valve 18 in order, and enters the condenser-evaporator 4 again. The concentrated solution from the generator 14 enters the solution heat exchanger 13, the throttle valve 18 and the absorber 16 in sequence, and the heat of the cooling water in the second condenser 17 and the absorber 16 is taken away by the cooling tower 32 and circulates in sequence. When the solar energy is sufficient, the heat conducting oil is heated to 95 ℃ by the solar heat collector 20 and flows through the four-way valve 21, a part of the heat conducting oil enters the energy accumulator 22, redundant energy is stored in the energy accumulator 22, and the other part of the heat conducting oil is used for heating the lithium bromide solution of the generator 14 in the absorption system to drive the absorption system to operate. At night or in the daytime when no light is emitted, the energy stored in the energy accumulator 22 is used for heating heat conduction oil, and the heated heat conduction oil heats the lithium bromide solution of the generator 14 in the absorption system, so that the absorption system can be ensured to normally operate when no light is emitted.
The test loop principle of the solar energy and gas simultaneous driving absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration heating system is as follows: on the basis of the single solar drive absorption type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration test system loop principle, condensation heat of an absorption type system is recovered and used for preheating heating water, a fuel gas heating heat conduction oil device 25 is introduced, one part of the heat conduction oil heated by fuel gas is used for heating water in a heating water tank 28 to realize heating, the other part of the heat conduction oil enters a heating device in a generator 14 to heat a lithium bromide solution in the generator 14 to make up for insufficient illumination, and a solar heat collector 20 and an energy accumulator 22 cannot drive heat required by the operation of the absorption type system.
The principle of the test loop of the solar energy and gas simultaneous driving absorption type heating system is as follows: CO when outdoor ambient temperature is low2The efficiency of the two-stage compression system is high, at the moment, the absorption system does not run, and CO is not used2The first condenser 35 of the two-stage compression system exchanges heat with the outdoor environment, the heat conduction oil passing through the heat collector 20 in the daytime is divided into three paths at the four-way valve 21, one path of heat conduction oil directly enters the heating water tank 28 to directly preheat heating water, the other path of heat conduction oil enters the energy accumulator 22 to store heat, and the stored energy is used for preheating lightless heatOne path of the heating water enters the gas heat driving device 25 for heating the preheated heating water.
The invention provides a safe and environment-friendly carbon dioxide two-stage compression system, which is a large-scale comprehensive multifunctional performance test system for performing performance test, data acquisition and fault analysis under different working conditions and load ratios by overlapping an absorption refrigerator and a carbon dioxide system driven by solar energy and natural gas in a matching manner.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-energy-source-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system is characterized by comprising a carbon dioxide two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system and a solar energy/direct-fired absorption refrigeration and heating system; the carbon dioxide two-stage parallel compression refrigeration system comprises a low-temperature compressor, a medium-temperature compressor, a parallel compressor, a condensation evaporator, a first condenser, a high-pressure throttle valve, a liquid storage device, a medium-pressure throttle valve, a low-pressure throttle valve, a medium-temperature evaporator, a low-temperature evaporator and a bypass valve; the outlet of the low-temperature evaporator is connected with the air suction port of the low-temperature evaporator, the exhaust port of the low-temperature evaporator is connected with the outlet of the medium-temperature evaporator in parallel and then respectively connected with the air suction port of the medium-temperature compressor and the outlet of the bypass valve, the gas outlet of the liquid storage device is connected with the air suction port of the parallel compressor and the inlet of the bypass valve respectively, one path of the exhaust port of the parallel compressor is connected with the inlet of the refrigerant channel of the condensation evaporator after being connected with the exhaust port of the medium-temperature compressor in parallel, the other path of the exhaust port of the parallel compressor is connected with the inlet of the first condenser through the first valve, the outlet of the refrigerant channel of the condensation evaporator is connected with the inlet of the liquid storage device through the high-pressure throttle valve after being connected with the outlet of the condenser in parallel, the, the other path is connected with an inlet of the low-pressure evaporator through the low-pressure throttle valve;
the solar energy/direct combustion absorption type refrigerating and heating system comprises an absorber, a first throttling valve, a solution heat exchanger, a generator, a second condenser, a second throttling valve, a condensation evaporator, a solar heat collector, an energy accumulator, a fuel gas heat conduction oil heating device, a heat supply water tank and a heating fan, wherein an inlet of the absorber is connected with an outlet of a solution channel of the condensation evaporator, a solution outlet of the absorber is sequentially connected with a first channel of the solution heat exchanger and a solution inlet of the generator through a solution pump, and a gas outlet of the generator is sequentially connected with the inlet of the solution channel of the condensation evaporator through the second condenser and the second throttling valve; the concentrated solution outlet of the generator is connected with the solution inlet of the absorber through the second channel of the solution heat exchanger and the first throttling valve; one path of the solar heat collector and a heating device in the generator form a solar heating cycle to provide heat for a lithium bromide solution in the generator, and the other path of the solar heat collector is connected with the energy accumulator; the energy accumulator and a heating device in the generator form an energy accumulation heating cycle; the gas heating heat conduction oil device is connected with a heating device in the generator to form gas heating circulation, the gas heating heat conduction oil device is connected with a heater in the water supply tank through a heat conduction oil pump to form gas heating circulation, and the water supply tank is connected with the heating fan through a water pump to form heating circulation.
2. The multi-energy-source-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are respectively arranged on pipelines of a suction end and a discharge end of the low-temperature compressor, the medium-temperature compressor and the parallel compressor and are used for measuring the suction and discharge temperature and pressure of the compressors; the front pipelines of the low-temperature evaporator and the medium-temperature evaporator are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor which are used for measuring the evaporation temperature and the evaporation pressure of the low-temperature evaporator and the medium-temperature evaporator; a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are arranged on a front pipeline of the condensation evaporator and are used for measuring the heat exchange temperature and flow of the cascade system; temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector and are used for measuring the temperature of heat conducting oil at the inlet and the outlet of the solar heat collector; a front pipeline and a rear pipeline of the generator are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heat exchange quantity of the generator; the heating front and rear pipelines of the heating fan are respectively provided with a temperature sensor and a flowmeter for measuring the heating amount in winter; and a temperature sensor and a flowmeter are respectively arranged on an outlet pipeline of the gas heating heat-conducting oil device and are used for measuring the gas heating amount.
3. The multi-energy-source-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, further comprising a cooling cycle consisting of the cooling tower, a cooling water tank and the second condenser.
4. The multi-energy-source-driven absorption-type cascade carbon dioxide two-stage compression refrigeration system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the signal output ends of the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flow meter are respectively connected with the data receiving end of the controller, and the controller transmits data through the ethernet and performs remote data display.
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