CN111138152A - Waterproof gypsum board core, preparation method thereof and waterproof gypsum board - Google Patents
Waterproof gypsum board core, preparation method thereof and waterproof gypsum board Download PDFInfo
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- CN111138152A CN111138152A CN202010004595.3A CN202010004595A CN111138152A CN 111138152 A CN111138152 A CN 111138152A CN 202010004595 A CN202010004595 A CN 202010004595A CN 111138152 A CN111138152 A CN 111138152A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
- C04B28/147—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form beta-hemihydrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00612—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as one or more layers of a layered structure
- C04B2111/0062—Gypsum-paper board like materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a waterproof gypsum board core, a preparation method thereof and a waterproof gypsum board, wherein the waterproof gypsum board core comprises calcined gypsum powder, starch, glass fiber, water and a processing aid; wherein the starch comprises hydrophobic starch and hydrophilic starch. The waterproof gypsum board comprises a waterproof gypsum board core and a protective paper. According to the invention, by adopting a compounding mode of hydrophobic starch and hydrophilic starch, effective adhesion among inorganic components in the gypsum board is ensured, the surface protective paper attached to the surface can be effectively adhered, the density of the gypsum board is not increased, the coverage of hydrophobic groups on the surface of the gypsum board can be enhanced, the water absorption performance of the gypsum board is effectively reduced, and the water resistance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of gypsum board materials, and particularly relates to a waterproof gypsum board core, a preparation method of the waterproof gypsum board core and a waterproof gypsum board.
Background
The gypsum board is a widely used decorative material due to its light weight, high strength, good sound and heat insulation and fire resistance, and is widely used for inner partition walls, ceilings, sound-absorbing boards, floor base boards, various decorative boards and the like of various buildings such as houses, office buildings, shops, hotels, industrial plants and the like.
However, due to the material of the gypsum board (especially, the core of the gypsum board), it is easy to absorb water and damp, and once it absorbs water and damp, it will have problems of significantly reduced strength, easy to warp and deform, etc., especially in the south area with high humidity, the gypsum board will absorb water and damp in use.
At present, the following methods are mainly adopted for the water-proof treatment of the gypsum board:
1) the surface of the gypsum board is sprayed with a waterproof agent or added with a waterproof facing, however, the method has high construction requirements, and once the surface of the gypsum board has defects and the sprayed waterproof agent or the waterproof facing is damaged, the waterproof effect is greatly reduced;
2) inorganic cementing materials are doped into the gypsum board, however, the essence of the mode lies in that a water-resistant hydration product is generated in the gypsum hydration process, so that the gypsum is changed from a single crystal structure to a crystal gel structure, which can increase the density of the gypsum board, and the inorganic cementing materials are inconsistent with the gypsum hydration speed, so that the service performances such as the strength of the gypsum board can be influenced, and the advantages of the gypsum board are greatly reduced;
3) hydrophobic organic matter, polymer resin and silicone oil are added, however, the method is high in cost, the adhesive force of each inorganic component in the gypsum board is reduced, the adhesive force with surface protective paper is greatly reduced, and the strength and weight of the gypsum board are changed due to the addition of a large amount of organic matter, so that the advantage of physical and chemical properties is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a waterproof gypsum board core, a preparation method thereof and a waterproof gypsum board, wherein the effective adhesion among inorganic components in the gypsum board is ensured by adopting a compounding mode of hydrophobic starch and hydrophilic starch, the surface protective paper attached to the surface can be effectively adhered, the density of the gypsum board is not increased, the coverage of hydrophobic groups on the surface of the gypsum board can be enhanced, the water absorption performance of the gypsum board is effectively reduced, and the water resistance is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
in one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a waterproof gypsum board core comprising plaster of paris, starch, glass fibers, water, and a processing aid; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the starch includes hydrophobic starch and hydrophilic starch.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the starch is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 4 parts by weight, the glass fiber is contained in an amount of 0.05 to 0.15 part by weight, and the water is contained in an amount of 75 to 85 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the calcined gypsum powder;
the weight ratio of the hydrophobic starch to the hydrophilic starch in the starch is 1: 0.8-1.2;
the processing aid comprises at least a foaming agent and a coagulant.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobic starch is prepared by the following steps:
s101, preparing active starch: adding water into starch, mixing, and gelatinizing at 90-100 ℃ to obtain starch paste; placing the starch paste in a ball mill for ball milling and then drying to obtain active starch;
s102, preparation of hydrophobic starch: and spraying dodecenyl succinic anhydride on the obtained active starch, adding hydrochloric acid, stirring and mixing under the condition that the pressure is 2-3 atmospheric pressures and steam is continuously introduced, and drying to obtain the hydrophobic starch.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S101, the pasting process includes:
s1011, placing starch in a closed container at the temperature of 10-20 ℃, pouring a part of water into the closed container, and stirring and mixing to obtain a turbid liquid;
s1012, continuously introducing N into the closed container2After the air is discharged,and after continuously adding the other part of water into the turbid liquid under the stirring condition, placing the closed container in a water bath condition at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ and oscillating for 3-6 h for gelatinization to obtain the starch paste.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the conditions of the ball milling process in the ball mill are as follows: the ball milling time is 18-30 h, and the rotating speed in the ball milling process is 400-500 r/min.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophilic starch is prepared by the following steps:
s201, adding an alkali aqueous solution into sorghum straws, boiling the sorghum straws in water, taking out the sorghum straws, and grinding the sorghum straws after boiling in water and the alkali aqueous solution together to obtain slurry; standing the slurry, and drying the precipitate to obtain sorghum starch;
s202, adding sorghum starch into an acidic buffer solution at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, stirring and mixing, adding raw amylase into the mixed mixture, carrying out oscillatory reaction for 10-15 h, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution until the pH value of the mixture is 6-8, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, and drying to obtain the hydrophilic starch.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S201 specifically includes:
s2011, after the sorghum straws are crushed to the particle size of not more than 2cm, adding an alkali water solution into the sorghum straws, soaking for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ under the condition that the pressure is 3-6 atmospheres, and then soaking for 0.5-1 hour at the temperature of 10-20 ℃;
s2012, boiling the soaked sorghum straws and an alkali aqueous solution in water, grinding, collecting a liquid phase, washing ground residues with water for 2-3 times, collecting a cleaning solution, and combining the cleaning solution and the liquid phase to obtain slurry;
s2013, standing the slurry, taking the precipitate, and drying the precipitate in the air at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ to obtain the sorghum starch.
In a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the aqueous alkali solution is provided by an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 0.1 to 0.3 mol/L;
the acidic buffer solution is provided by an aqueous solution of a mixture of sodium monohydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the sodium monohydrogen phosphate to the sodium dihydrogen phosphate in the acidic buffer solution is 0.3-0.6: 1.
In another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a waterproof gypsum board core, including:
s300, stirring and mixing the calcined gypsum powder, part of water, hydrophilic starch and glass fiber to obtain prefabricated slurry;
and S400, adding the processing aid, the hydrophobic starch and the other part of water into the obtained prefabricated slurry, stirring and mixing, and then molding in a mold to obtain the waterproof gypsum board core.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a waterproof gypsum board, comprising a waterproof gypsum board core prepared according to the above-mentioned preparation method, and a cover paper attached to an outer surface of the waterproof gypsum board core.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
1) hydrophilic starch and hydrophobic starch are introduced simultaneously, and in the hydration and drying processes of gypsum, the hydrophilic starch molecules are partially positioned in the gypsum board core and participate in bonding with other inorganic materials, so that the strength of the gypsum board core is improved;
2) part of hydrophilic starch and most of hydrophobic starch migrate towards the surface of the gypsum board core and are bonded at the interface where the board core and the facing paper are jointed, so that the board core and the facing paper are further bonded effectively, meanwhile, the hydrophilic starch and the hydrophobic starch at the interface are formed into a needle-shaped structure, the tip parts of the needle bodies are embedded into the facing paper, the board core and the facing paper are bonded better, and the hydrophobic performance of the surface of the gypsum board is improved better in the form that the hydrophobic groups escape from the board core and extend towards the facing paper.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a waterproof gypsum board provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation of hydrophobic starch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the preparation of hydrophilic starch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of the preparation of the waterproof gypsum board core provided by the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure:
1-waterproof gypsum board core; 2-face protecting paper; 3-starch granules.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a waterproof gypsum board core, which comprises calcined gypsum powder, starch, glass fiber, water and a processing aid; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the starch includes hydrophobic starch and hydrophilic starch.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in order to ensure that the obtained waterproof gypsum board core has better physical and chemical properties such as waterproof performance, high strength and the like, the content of the starch is 0.1 to 4 parts by weight, the content of the glass fiber is 0.05 to 0.15 part by weight and the content of the water is 75 to 85 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the calcined gypsum powder. In a further preferred embodiment, in order to enable the starch to form a more effective water-proof layer with a needle-shaped structure on the surface on the premise of ensuring the binding performance, the weight ratio of the hydrophobic starch to the hydrophilic starch in the starch is 1: 0.8-1.2. Further, the processing aid includes at least a foaming agent and a coagulant.
The hydrophobic starch may be conventional commercially available hydrophobic starch, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to ensure that the hydrophobic starch is more easily migrated to the surface of the board core, and can be better formed into a needle-like structure after migration, and effectively embedded in the facing paper 2 to form a waterproof layer, the hydrophobic starch is prepared by the following steps:
s101, preparing active starch: adding water into starch, mixing, and gelatinizing at 90-100 ℃ to obtain starch paste; placing the starch paste in a ball mill for ball milling and then drying to obtain active starch;
s102, preparation of hydrophobic starch: and spraying dodecenyl succinic anhydride on the obtained active starch, adding hydrochloric acid, stirring and mixing under the condition that the pressure is 2-3 atmospheric pressures and steam is continuously introduced, and drying to obtain the hydrophobic starch. The specific preparation flow chart is shown in figure 2. The contact area of the dodecenyl succinic anhydride and the active starch is increased by spraying the dodecenyl succinic anhydride on the activated active starch, and the grafting efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the adoption of the dodecenyl succinic anhydride can improve the length of a long chain after grafting and more effectively improve the formation of a later-stage needle-shaped structure.
In a further preferred embodiment, in step S101, the pasting process includes:
s1011, placing starch in a closed container at the temperature of 10-20 ℃, pouring a part of water into the closed container, and stirring and mixing to obtain a turbid liquid;
s1012, continuously introducing N into the closed container2And after the air is discharged, continuously adding the other part of water into the turbid liquid under the stirring condition, and then vibrating the closed container for 3-6 hours under the water bath condition at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ for gelatinization to obtain the starch paste. By staged treatment at different temperatures, and at N2Gelatinization is carried out under certain conditions in the environment, the degree of swelling and splitting in the gelatinization process is effectively improved, the introduction of impurities is avoided in the process, and the reaction activity of the gelatinization process is effectively improved.
In a more preferred embodiment, in order to make the gelatinized starch paste split better and further improve the activation performance, the conditions of the ball milling process in a ball mill are as follows: the ball milling time is 18-30 h, and the rotating speed in the ball milling process is 400-500 r/min.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophilic starch is prepared by the following steps:
s201, adding an alkali aqueous solution into sorghum straws, boiling the sorghum straws in water, taking out the sorghum straws, and grinding the sorghum straws after boiling in water and the alkali aqueous solution together to obtain slurry; standing the slurry, and drying the precipitate to obtain sorghum starch;
s202, adding sorghum starch into an acidic buffer solution at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, stirring and mixing, adding raw amylase into the mixed mixture, carrying out oscillatory reaction for 10-15 h, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution until the pH value of the mixture is 6-8, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, and drying to obtain the hydrophilic starch. The specific preparation flow chart is shown in figure 3. Of course, the sorghum straws are adopted, so that the utilization rate of the sorghum straw waste is greatly improved, and the environmental protection performance is improved.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S201 specifically includes:
s2011, after the sorghum straws are crushed to the particle size of not more than 2cm, adding an alkali water solution into the sorghum straws, soaking for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ under the condition that the pressure is 3-6 atmospheres, and then soaking for 0.5-1 hour at the temperature of 10-20 ℃;
s2012, boiling the soaked sorghum straws and an alkali aqueous solution in water, grinding, collecting a liquid phase, washing ground residues with water for 2-3 times, collecting a cleaning solution, and combining the cleaning solution and the liquid phase to obtain slurry;
s2013, standing the slurry, taking a precipitate, and drying the precipitate in air at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ to obtain sorghum starch, wherein by the operation, starchy materials in sorghum straws can be effectively dissolved out and collected, and simultaneously, cellulose structures in the sorghum straws are damaged, so that the performance of the dissolved starch is better improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous alkali solution is provided by an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with the concentration of 0.1-0.3 mol/L;
the acidic buffer solution is provided by an aqueous solution of a mixture of sodium monohydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the sodium monohydrogen phosphate to the sodium dihydrogen phosphate in the acidic buffer solution is 0.3-0.6: 1.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the waterproof gypsum board core, as shown in fig. 4, comprising the following steps:
s300, stirring and mixing the calcined gypsum powder, part of water, hydrophilic starch and glass fiber to obtain prefabricated slurry;
and S400, adding the processing aid, the hydrophobic starch and the other part of water into the obtained prefabricated slurry, stirring and mixing, and then molding in a mold to obtain the waterproof gypsum board core. Of course, the amount of water in step S300 and step S400 may be adjusted according to actual conditions, for example, it is preferable that the amount of water used in S300 is smaller than the amount of water used in S400 to better achieve the overall mixing.
The invention also provides a waterproof gypsum board, which comprises a waterproof gypsum board core 1 prepared by the preparation method and a protective paper 2 attached to the outer surface of the waterproof gypsum board core 1, as shown in figure 1. It can be seen from the above that, some starch granules 3 are needle-shaped, and no matter hydrophilic starch or hydrophobic starch, the adhesion performance between the two is better, on this basis, the hydrophobic starch moves towards the side far away from the waterproof gypsum board core 1, and the hydrophilic starch has the adhesive force of pulling, and some starch granules 3 further are needle-shaped, and can be better inserted in the facing paper 2, so that the adhesion between the waterproof gypsum board core 1 and the facing paper 2 is improved, the waterproofness of the whole waterproof gypsum board is improved, the phenomenon that the facing paper 2 falls off and the like is avoided, and the surface of the starch granules 3 formed into needle-shaped and inserted parts has hydrophobic groups, and the waterproofness of the surface of the whole waterproof gypsum board can be fundamentally improved.
The following is a further description by way of specific examples. In the case of no description, the hydrophobic starch and the hydrophilic starch are each prepared according to the following preparation method:
hydrophobic starch: putting starch into a closed container at the temperature of 10 ℃, pouring a part of water into the closed container, and stirring and mixing to obtain a turbid liquid; continuously introducing N into the closed container2After air is discharged, continuously adding the other part of water into the turbid liquid under the stirring condition, and then placing the closed container in a water bath condition at the temperature of 100 ℃ to oscillate for 6 hours for gelatinization to obtain starch paste; placing the starch paste in a ball mill, ball-milling for 24 hours at the rotating speed of 400-500 r/min, and drying to obtain active starch; and spraying dodecenyl succinic anhydride on the obtained active starch, adding hydrochloric acid (provided by a hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the concentration of 5mol/L), stirring and mixing under the condition that the pressure is 2-3 atmospheric pressures and steam is continuously introduced, and drying to obtain the hydrophobic starch.
Crushing sorghum straws to the particle size of not more than 2cm, adding a 0.2mol/L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution into the sorghum straws, soaking for 1h at the temperature of 50 ℃ under the condition of the pressure of 3-6 atmospheres, soaking for 0.5-1 h at the temperature of 10 ℃, boiling the soaked sorghum straws and the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in water, grinding, filtering, collecting a liquid phase, washing the ground residue with water for 2-3 times, collecting a washing liquid, combining the washing liquid and the liquid phase to obtain a slurry, standing the slurry, taking a precipitate, drying the precipitate in air at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain sorghum starch, adding the sorghum starch into an acidic buffer solution (the concentration of sodium monohydrogen phosphate is 0.2mol/L, the concentration of sodium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.5mol/L) under the temperature of 50 ℃, stirring, mixing, adding sodium amylase (α -amylase and amylase are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:4, performing saccharification reaction, and obtaining a mixture with the pH value of 12-8, and performing centrifugal oscillation to obtain a hydrophilic starch.
Example 1
Stirring and mixing 100 parts by weight of calcined gypsum powder, 30 parts by weight of water, hydrophilic starch and 0.05 part by weight of glass fiber to obtain prefabricated slurry;
to the obtained slurry, 0.07 part by weight of a foaming agent, 0.5 part by weight of a coagulant, hydrophobic starch and 45 parts by weight of water were added, stirred, mixed and molded to obtain a water-proof gypsum board core a 1. (wherein the total amount of the hydrophilic starch and the hydrophobic starch is 0.1 part by weight, and the weight ratio of the hydrophobic starch to the hydrophilic starch is 1:0.8)
Example 2
Stirring and mixing 100 parts by weight of calcined gypsum powder, 40 parts by weight of water, hydrophilic starch and 0.15 part by weight of glass fiber to obtain prefabricated slurry;
to the obtained preliminary slurry, 0.15 part by weight of a foaming agent, 2 parts by weight of a coagulant, hydrophobic starch and 45 parts by weight of water were added, stirred, mixed and molded to obtain a water-proof gypsum board core a 2. (wherein, the total amount of the hydrophilic starch and the hydrophobic starch is 4 parts by weight, and the weight ratio of the hydrophobic starch to the hydrophilic starch is 1:1.2)
Example 3
Stirring and mixing 100 parts by weight of calcined gypsum powder, 35 parts by weight of water, hydrophilic starch and 0.1 part by weight of glass fiber to obtain prefabricated slurry;
to the obtained preliminary slurry, 0.1 part by weight of a foaming agent, 1 part by weight of a coagulant, hydrophobic starch and 45 parts by weight of water were added, stirred, mixed and molded to obtain a water-proof gypsum board core a 3. (wherein, the total amount of the hydrophilic starch and the hydrophobic starch is 2 parts by weight, and the weight ratio of the hydrophobic starch to the hydrophilic starch is 1:1)
Example 4
Prepared as in the preparation of example 3, except that the total weight of the hydrophobic starch and the hydrophilic starch was 0.05 parts by weight, and the weight ratio of the hydrophobic starch to the hydrophilic starch was 1: 0.5, obtaining the waterproof gypsum board core A4.
Example 5
Prepared as in example 4 except that the weight ratio of hydrophobic starch to hydrophilic starch was 1:2 to produce a water-resistant gypsum board core a 5.
Example 6
The preparation was carried out as in example 1, except that the preparation of the hydrophobic starch was carried out without introducing N2And (3) discharging air, and directly placing the gypsum board in an air environment for gelatinization to obtain the waterproof gypsum board core A6.
Example 7
The preparation was carried out as in example 2, except that the sorghum stalks were soaked in the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in stages at different temperatures under the condition of atmospheric pressure (i.e., one atmosphere), to prepare a waterproof gypsum board core a 7.
Example 8
The preparation was carried out as in example 1 except that the hydrophobic starch was a commercially available hydrophobic modified starch to obtain a water-repellent gypsum board core A8.
Example 9
Prepared as in example 1 except that the hydrophilic starch was conventional sorghum starch to produce a water-resistant gypsum board core a 9.
Comparative example 1
Prepared as in example 3 except that no hydrophilic starch was added to produce a gypsum board core D1.
Comparative example 2
Prepared as in example 3 except that no hydrophobic starch was added to produce a gypsum board core D2.
Test example
The surfaces of A1-A9, D1 and D2 prepared as described above were respectively adhered with a cover paper to prepare a gypsum plasterboard (the thickness of the prepared gypsum board was 12mm), and then the average breaking load, water absorption and surface water absorption were measured in accordance with GB/T9775, and the results are shown in Table 1. Wherein D3 is the standard of GB/T9775.
TABLE 1
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A waterproof gypsum board core is characterized by comprising calcined gypsum powder, starch, glass fiber, water and a processing aid; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the starch includes hydrophobic starch and hydrophilic starch.
2. The waterproof gypsum board core according to claim 1, wherein the starch is contained in an amount of 0.1 to 4 parts by weight, the glass fiber is contained in an amount of 0.05 to 0.15 parts by weight, and the water is contained in an amount of 75 to 85 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the calcined gypsum powder;
the weight ratio of the hydrophobic starch to the hydrophilic starch in the starch is 1: 0.8-1.2;
the processing aid comprises at least a foaming agent and a coagulant.
3. A water-resistant plasterboard core according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrophobic starch is produced by:
s101, preparing active starch: adding water into starch, mixing, and gelatinizing at 90-100 ℃ to obtain starch paste; placing the starch paste in a ball mill for ball milling and then drying to obtain active starch;
s102, preparation of hydrophobic starch: and spraying dodecenyl succinic anhydride on the obtained active starch, adding hydrochloric acid, stirring and mixing under the condition that the pressure is 2-3 atmospheric pressures and steam is continuously introduced, and drying to obtain the hydrophobic starch.
4. The waterproof gypsum board core according to claim 3, wherein in step S101, the gelatinization process comprises:
s1011, placing starch in a closed container at the temperature of 10-20 ℃, pouring a part of water into the closed container, and stirring and mixing to obtain a turbid liquid;
s1012, continuously introducing N into the closed container2And after the air is discharged, continuously adding the other part of water into the turbid liquid under the stirring condition, and then vibrating the closed container for 3-6 hours under the water bath condition at the temperature of 90-100 ℃ for gelatinization to obtain the starch paste.
5. The waterproof gypsum board core according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the conditions of the ball milling process in the ball mill are as follows: the ball milling time is 18-30 h, and the rotating speed in the ball milling process is 400-500 r/min.
6. A water-resistant gypsum board core according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said hydrophilic starch is prepared by:
s201, adding an alkali aqueous solution into sorghum straws, boiling the sorghum straws in water, taking out the sorghum straws, and grinding the sorghum straws after boiling in water and the alkali aqueous solution together to obtain slurry; standing the slurry, and drying the precipitate to obtain sorghum starch;
s202, adding sorghum starch into an acidic buffer solution at the temperature of 40-50 ℃, stirring and mixing, adding raw amylase into the mixed mixture, carrying out oscillatory reaction for 10-15 h, adding a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution until the pH value of the mixture is 6-8, centrifuging to obtain a precipitate, and drying to obtain the hydrophilic starch.
7. The waterproof gypsum board core according to claim 6, wherein step S201 specifically comprises:
s2011, after the sorghum straws are crushed to the particle size of not more than 2cm, adding an alkali water solution into the sorghum straws, soaking for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ under the condition that the pressure is 3-6 atmospheres, and then soaking for 0.5-1 hour at the temperature of 10-20 ℃;
s2012, boiling the soaked sorghum straws and an alkali aqueous solution in water, grinding, collecting a liquid phase, washing ground residues with water for 2-3 times, collecting a cleaning solution, and combining the cleaning solution and the liquid phase to obtain slurry;
s2013, standing the slurry, taking the precipitate, and drying the precipitate in the air at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ to obtain the sorghum starch.
8. The waterproof gypsum board core according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the aqueous alkali solution is provided by an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 to 0.3 mol/L;
the acidic buffer solution is provided by an aqueous solution of a mixture of sodium monohydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the sodium monohydrogen phosphate to the sodium dihydrogen phosphate in the acidic buffer solution is 0.3-0.6: 1.
9. A method of making a water-resistant gypsum board core according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
s300, stirring and mixing the calcined gypsum powder, part of water, hydrophilic starch and glass fiber to obtain prefabricated slurry;
and S400, adding the processing aid, the hydrophobic starch and the other part of water into the obtained prefabricated slurry, stirring and mixing, and then molding in a mold to obtain the waterproof gypsum board core.
10. A waterproof gypsum board characterized by comprising a waterproof gypsum board core (1) produced by the production method according to claim 9, and a cover paper (2) attached to the outer surface of the waterproof gypsum board core (1).
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