CN111137076A - Simple three-point tire pressing mechanism - Google Patents

Simple three-point tire pressing mechanism Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111137076A
CN111137076A CN202010189318.4A CN202010189318A CN111137076A CN 111137076 A CN111137076 A CN 111137076A CN 202010189318 A CN202010189318 A CN 202010189318A CN 111137076 A CN111137076 A CN 111137076A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
tire
connecting rod
main connecting
pressing
shaped
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202010189318.4A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111137076B (en
Inventor
李德兴
曾庆国
恽平
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu Changtong Vehicle Development Co ltd
Original Assignee
Jiangsu Changtong Vehicle Development Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu Changtong Vehicle Development Co ltd filed Critical Jiangsu Changtong Vehicle Development Co ltd
Priority to CN202010189318.4A priority Critical patent/CN111137076B/en
Publication of CN111137076A publication Critical patent/CN111137076A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111137076B publication Critical patent/CN111137076B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C25/00Apparatus or tools adapted for mounting, removing or inspecting tyres
    • B60C25/01Apparatus or tools adapted for mounting, removing or inspecting tyres for removing tyres from or mounting tyres on wheels

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple three-point tire pressing mechanism which comprises a tire pressing assembly, a tire clamping sheet and a tire clamping device, wherein the tire pressing assembly comprises a main connecting rod, an auxiliary connecting rod and an inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod, a plurality of adjusting holes are formed in the main connecting rod, the auxiliary connecting rod is sleeved in the main connecting rod, a short sleeve is connected to the middle of the upper end of the inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod, a positioning hole is formed in the short sleeve, one end, far away from the auxiliary connecting rod, of the main connecting rod is sleeved in the short sleeve, the tire clamping sheet is integrally S-shaped, and the upper end of the tire clamping sheet is matched with the shape of a wheel rim; the middle part of the tire clamping sheet is bent outwards and matched with the shape of a tire, and a cavity formed between the bent part of the middle part of the tire clamping sheet and the middle part of the rim is an operation cavity; the lower end of the tire clamping piece is connected with an anti-slip piece, and the anti-slip piece is vertical and matched with the rim in shape. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, quick disassembly, convenient carrying, labor saving in use, safety and reliability.

Description

Simple three-point tire pressing mechanism
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a simple three-point tire pressing mechanism.
Background
With the gradual popularization of the tire burst prevention emergency safety device, the additional installation of the tire burst prevention emergency safety device has become the choice of a plurality of vehicle owners, and the installation of the tire burst prevention emergency safety device needs to integrally press down the tire to a deeper position so as to facilitate the installation. In the existing tire pressing work, the tire pressing operation is generally carried out by depending on the existing tire pressing device (dragon tongs) on the market, but the existing tire pressing device (dragon tongs) can only carry out the tire pressing operation on small vehicles such as electric bicycles, motorcycles and the like, the tire pressing operation cannot be carried out on large vehicles with larger hubs and higher tire strength, and the tire pressing tool for the large tires is expensive, large in size, not easy to carry and cannot meet the service requirement of door installation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides a simple three-point tire pressing mechanism which comprises a tire pressing assembly, a tire clamping sheet and a tire clamping device, wherein the tire pressing assembly comprises a main connecting rod, an auxiliary connecting rod and an inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod, a plurality of adjusting holes are formed in the main connecting rod, the auxiliary connecting rod is sleeved in the main connecting rod, a first V-shaped clamp spring is arranged in one end, close to the main connecting rod, of the auxiliary connecting rod, and the auxiliary connecting rod is axially positioned with the adjusting holes through the first V-shaped clamp spring; the middle part of the upper end of the inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod is connected with a short sleeve, a positioning hole is formed in the short sleeve, one end, far away from the auxiliary connecting rod, of the main connecting rod is sleeved in the short sleeve and is axially positioned with the positioning hole through a second V-shaped clamp spring arranged in the main connecting rod;
the tire clamping sheet is integrally S-shaped, the upper end of the tire clamping sheet is matched with the shape of a wheel rim, the middle part of the tire clamping sheet is outwards bent and matched with the shape of a tire, and a cavity formed between the bent part of the middle part of the tire clamping sheet and the middle part of a wheel rim is an operation cavity; the lower end of the tire clamping sheet is connected with an anti-slip sheet which is vertical and matched with the shape of the rim;
the lower column of the tire clamping device extends into the spoke hole on the lower spoke and abuts against the lower surface of the lower spoke, and the upper column of the tire clamping device abuts against the upper surface of the main connecting rod.
In order to realize pressing the child function better, preferably, press from both sides child ware include the gear, rack, mount and rocking handle, the bottom of rack is equipped with down the post, the mount on be equipped with gear, fixed frame and square hole, the rack is worn to locate in the square hole, the gear meshes with the rack mutually, is equipped with the rocking handle on the fixed frame and pushes away the tooth spare, the upper portion of mount is equipped with hinders the tooth spare, the lateral wall of mount is connected with the upper prop, the knot limit of hindering the tooth spare is established on the gear movably, the limit of pushing away the tooth spare is also established on the gear movably, pushes away the tooth spare and hinders and all be equipped with the spring on the tooth spare.
Preferably, a lower column of the tire clamping device is connected with the bottom end of the rack in a T shape, and the length of the lower column is larger than the diameter of the spoke hole; and an upper groove matched with the main connecting rod is arranged on the upper column of the tire clamping device.
Preferably, the tire pressing assembly is made of square rods. The square rod and the round rod have higher stability, and rolling is avoided when the tire is pressed.
Preferably, the number of the tyre pressing plates is three, and when the tyre pressing plates are used, adjacent tyre pressing plates are equally spaced around the rim.
Preferably, the open ends of the auxiliary connecting rod and the inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod are provided with anti-collision plugs.
The working principle is as follows: according to the invention, the tire pressing assembly can be quickly disassembled and assembled by pressing the first V-shaped clamp spring and the second V-shaped clamp spring, and the length of the lower support assembly is adjusted by the adjusting hole and the first V-shaped clamp spring so as to adapt to the positions of pressing points of hubs and tires with different sizes, so that the optimal lever effect is achieved. When the tire is pressed, the tire is pressed down through the tire pressing assembly and the tire pressing device, the tire is clamped into the tire clamping piece to fix the tire position after the tire is pressed to a sufficient depth, and the steps are repeated twice along the circumference of the wheel hub, so that the tire pressing operation of the whole tire can be completed.
Has the advantages that: (1) in the invention, the tire pressing assemblies are all detachable assemblies, and can be carried after being completely detached and put into a matched bag. The adjustment hole and the V-shaped clamp spring can be matched with hubs and tires with different sizes so as to achieve the best lever effect.
(2) When the tire pressing device is used, the tire pressing is carried out in a labor-saving manner through the lever principle, the tire pressing assembly can be taken out after the tire clamping piece is clamped, the tire can be completely pressed down to a sufficient depth to be suitable for installing an explosion-proof emergency safety device, and the tire can be kept in a pressed-down state to be installed in a matched manner when no force is applied; meanwhile, the bending structure in the middle of the tire clamping sheet ensures the limitation of the tire, and an operation cavity with enough space is reserved for convenient installation.
(3) The tire clamping device is a common labor-saving device in the market, can be directly operated by using the tire clamping device in the market, and can be improved in detail to adapt to the main connecting rod and the spoke hole so as to improve the stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of a tire press assembly and tire press;
FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of a tire press assembly and tire press;
FIG. 3 is a first schematic view of the tire pressing mechanism in a working state and relative position of a hub;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic view of the tire pressing mechanism in a working state and relative to the hub;
FIG. 5 is a first perspective view of the tire clamping sheet;
FIG. 6 is a second perspective view of the tire clamping sheet;
in the figure: 1. the anti-collision device comprises a main connecting rod, 2, an auxiliary connecting rod, 3, an inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod, 4, an adjusting hole, 5, a first V-shaped clamp spring, 6, a short sleeve, 7, a positioning hole, 8, a second V-shaped clamp spring, 9, a tire clamping piece, 10, an anti-slip piece, 11, a tire clamping device, 11-1, a lower column, 11-2, an upper column, 11-3, a gear, 11-4, a rack, 11-5, a fixing frame, 11-6, a rocking handle, 11-7, a fixing frame, 12, a lower spoke, 13, a spoke hole, 14 and an anti-collision plug.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a simple three-point tire pressing mechanism comprises a tire pressing assembly, a tire clamping piece and a tire clamping device, wherein the tire pressing assembly comprises a main connecting rod 1, an auxiliary connecting rod 2 and an inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod 3, a plurality of adjusting holes 4 are formed in the main connecting rod 1, the auxiliary connecting rod 2 is sleeved in the main connecting rod 1, a first V-shaped clamp spring 5 is arranged in one end, close to the main connecting rod 1, of the auxiliary connecting rod 2, and the auxiliary connecting rod is axially positioned with the adjusting holes 4 through the first V-shaped clamp spring 5; the middle part of the upper end of the inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod 3 is connected with a short sleeve 6, a positioning hole 7 is formed in the short sleeve 6, one end, far away from the auxiliary connecting rod 2, of the main connecting rod 1 is sleeved in the short sleeve 6 and is axially positioned with the positioning hole 7 through a second V-shaped clamp spring 8 arranged in the main connecting rod 1;
the tire clamping sheet 9 is integrally S-shaped, the upper end of the tire clamping sheet is matched with the shape of a wheel rim, the middle part of the tire clamping sheet is outwards bent and matched with the shape of a tire, and a cavity formed between the bent part of the middle part of the tire clamping sheet and the middle part of a wheel rim is an operation cavity; the lower end of the tire clamping sheet is connected with an anti-skid sheet 10, and the anti-skid sheet is vertical and matched with the shape of a rim;
the lower column 11-1 of the tire clamping device 11 extends into the spoke hole 13 of the lower spoke 12 and abuts against the lower surface of the lower spoke 12, and the upper column 11-2 of the tire clamping device 11 abuts against the upper surface of the main connecting rod 1.
The tire clamping device comprises a gear 11-3, a rack 11-4, a fixing frame 11-5 and a rocking handle 11-6, a lower column 11-1 is arranged at the bottom end of the rack 11-4, the fixing frame 11-5 is provided with the gear 11-3, a fixing frame 11-7 and a square hole, the rack 11-4 is arranged in the square hole in a penetrating mode, the gear 11-3 is meshed with the rack 11-4, the fixing frame 11-7 is provided with the rocking handle 11-6 and a gear pushing component, the upper portion of the fixing frame 11-5 is provided with a gear blocking component, the side wall of the fixing frame 11-5 is connected with an upper column 11-2, a buckling edge of the gear blocking component is movably arranged on the gear 11-3, a pushing edge of the gear pushing component is also movably arranged on the gear 11-3, and springs are arranged on the gear pushing component and the gear blocking component. The lower column 11-1 of the tire clamping device is connected with the bottom end of the rack 11-4 in a T shape, and the length of the lower column 11-1 is larger than the diameter of the spoke hole 13; an upper groove matched with the main connecting rod 1 is arranged on an upper column 11-2 of the tire clamping device 11.
The tire pressing assembly is made of square rods. The square rod and the round rod have higher stability, and rolling is avoided when the tire is pressed. The number of the tyre pressing sheets 9 is three, and when the tyre pressing sheet is used, the adjacent tyre pressing sheets equally surround the rim at intervals for one circle. The open ends of the auxiliary connecting rod and the inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod are provided with anti-collision plugs 14.
According to the invention, the tire pressing assembly can be quickly disassembled and assembled by pressing the first V-shaped clamp spring and the second V-shaped clamp spring, and the length of the lower support assembly is adjusted by the adjusting hole and the first V-shaped clamp spring so as to adapt to the positions of pressing points of hubs and tires with different sizes, so that the optimal lever effect is achieved. When the tire is pressed, the tire is pressed down through the tire pressing assembly and the tire pressing device, the tire is clamped into the tire clamping piece to fix the tire position after the tire is pressed to a sufficient depth, and the steps are repeated twice along the circumference of the wheel hub, so that the tire pressing operation of the whole tire can be completed.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (6)

1. A simple three-point tire pressing mechanism is characterized by comprising a tire pressing assembly, a tire clamping piece and a tire clamping device, wherein the tire pressing assembly comprises a main connecting rod, an auxiliary connecting rod and an inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod, a plurality of adjusting holes are formed in the main connecting rod, the auxiliary connecting rod is sleeved in the main connecting rod, a first V-shaped clamp spring is arranged in one end, close to the main connecting rod, of the auxiliary connecting rod, and the auxiliary connecting rod is axially positioned with the adjusting holes through the first V-shaped clamp spring; the middle part of the upper end of the inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod is connected with a short sleeve, a positioning hole is formed in the short sleeve, one end, far away from the auxiliary connecting rod, of the main connecting rod is sleeved in the short sleeve and is axially positioned with the positioning hole through a second V-shaped clamp spring arranged in the main connecting rod;
the clamping tire piece is integrally S-shaped, and the upper end of the clamping tire piece is matched with the shape of the wheel rim; the middle part of the tire clamping sheet is bent outwards and matched with the shape of a tire, and a cavity formed between the bent part of the middle part of the tire clamping sheet and the middle part of the rim is an operation cavity; the lower end of the tire clamping sheet is connected with an anti-slip sheet which is vertical and matched with the shape of the rim;
the lower column of the tire clamping device extends into the spoke hole on the lower spoke and abuts against the lower surface of the lower spoke, and the upper column of the tire clamping device abuts against the upper surface of the main connecting rod.
2. The simple three-point tire pressing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the tire clamping device comprises a gear, a rack, a fixing frame and a rocking handle, a lower column is arranged at the bottom end of the rack, the fixing frame is provided with the gear, a fixing frame and a square hole, the rack is arranged in the square hole in a penetrating manner, the gear is meshed with the rack, the fixing frame is provided with the rocking handle and a pushing tooth member, the upper part of the fixing frame is provided with a tooth blocking member, the side wall of the fixing frame is connected with an upper column, a buckling edge of the tooth blocking member is movably arranged on the gear, a pushing edge of the pushing tooth member is also movably arranged on the gear, and the pushing tooth member and the tooth blocking member are both provided with springs.
3. The simple three-point tire pressing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the lower column of the tire clamping device is connected with the bottom end of the rack in a T shape, and the length of the lower column is greater than the diameter of the spoke hole; and an upper groove matched with the main connecting rod is arranged on the upper column of the tire clamping device.
4. The simple three-point tire press according to claim 1, wherein the tire press assembly is made of square bars.
5. The simple three-point tire press mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the number of said tire press plates is three, and when in use, the adjacent tire press plates are equally spaced around the rim.
6. The simple three-point tire pressing mechanism according to claim 1, wherein the open ends of the secondary link and the inverted U-shaped tire pressing rod are provided with anti-collision plugs.
CN202010189318.4A 2020-03-18 2020-03-18 Simple three-point type tire pressing mechanism Active CN111137076B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010189318.4A CN111137076B (en) 2020-03-18 2020-03-18 Simple three-point type tire pressing mechanism

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010189318.4A CN111137076B (en) 2020-03-18 2020-03-18 Simple three-point type tire pressing mechanism

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111137076A true CN111137076A (en) 2020-05-12
CN111137076B CN111137076B (en) 2024-07-09

Family

ID=70528647

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010189318.4A Active CN111137076B (en) 2020-03-18 2020-03-18 Simple three-point type tire pressing mechanism

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111137076B (en)

Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB789723A (en) * 1954-04-21 1958-01-29 Dunlop Rubber Co Improvements in or relating to tools for removing tyres from wheels
GB789724A (en) * 1954-04-21 1958-01-29 Dunlop Rubber Co Improvements in or relating to tools for removing tyres from wheels
US4196766A (en) * 1978-01-17 1980-04-08 Hennessy Industries, Inc. Tire changing apparatus
CA1121711A (en) * 1978-01-23 1982-04-13 Fmc Corporation Tire changing machine
US4360052A (en) * 1981-12-17 1982-11-23 Norris Peter J Portable tire tool
SU1445988A1 (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-12-23 И.А.С сысий и Ю.А.Врюканов Arrangement for installing beadlock ring into pneumatic tyre casing
RU2033338C1 (en) * 1991-07-22 1995-04-20 Беляшев Сергей Александрович Device for dismounting and mounting automobile tyre
US6135185A (en) * 1996-12-26 2000-10-24 Cuckrovani; Mike Tire changing device
US6273171B1 (en) * 1998-11-02 2001-08-14 Summit Tool Company Bead breaking device and method for using same
AU2002301651A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-06-12 Hrmo, Peter D Tyre Bead Breaker Apparatus
US20040182520A1 (en) * 2003-03-21 2004-09-23 Snap-On Equipment S.R.L. Device for mounting and dismounting tires of wheels positioned on a wheel support of a tire changing machine
WO2008033277A2 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-20 Bargain Tool Developers Llc Mobile tire changing system
US7614865B1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2009-11-10 Amerityre Corporation Method and apparatus for filling a tire and wheel assembly with a closed cell polyurethane foam
US20110079362A1 (en) * 2007-12-25 2011-04-07 Cai Xilin Swing arm style tire changer
CN203600911U (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-05-21 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 Portable manual rapid disassembling and assembling tool for latch-type run-flat tire
CN106114167A (en) * 2016-09-09 2016-11-16 江苏畅通车业发展有限公司 A kind of vehicle roof system opens actuator
CN212289407U (en) * 2020-03-18 2021-01-05 江苏畅通车业发展有限公司 Simple three-point tire pressing mechanism

Patent Citations (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB789723A (en) * 1954-04-21 1958-01-29 Dunlop Rubber Co Improvements in or relating to tools for removing tyres from wheels
GB789724A (en) * 1954-04-21 1958-01-29 Dunlop Rubber Co Improvements in or relating to tools for removing tyres from wheels
US4196766A (en) * 1978-01-17 1980-04-08 Hennessy Industries, Inc. Tire changing apparatus
CA1121711A (en) * 1978-01-23 1982-04-13 Fmc Corporation Tire changing machine
US4360052A (en) * 1981-12-17 1982-11-23 Norris Peter J Portable tire tool
SU1445988A1 (en) * 1987-03-20 1988-12-23 И.А.С сысий и Ю.А.Врюканов Arrangement for installing beadlock ring into pneumatic tyre casing
RU2033338C1 (en) * 1991-07-22 1995-04-20 Беляшев Сергей Александрович Device for dismounting and mounting automobile tyre
US6135185A (en) * 1996-12-26 2000-10-24 Cuckrovani; Mike Tire changing device
US6273171B1 (en) * 1998-11-02 2001-08-14 Summit Tool Company Bead breaking device and method for using same
AU2002301651A1 (en) * 2001-10-24 2003-06-12 Hrmo, Peter D Tyre Bead Breaker Apparatus
US20040182520A1 (en) * 2003-03-21 2004-09-23 Snap-On Equipment S.R.L. Device for mounting and dismounting tires of wheels positioned on a wheel support of a tire changing machine
WO2008033277A2 (en) * 2006-09-11 2008-03-20 Bargain Tool Developers Llc Mobile tire changing system
US20110079362A1 (en) * 2007-12-25 2011-04-07 Cai Xilin Swing arm style tire changer
US7614865B1 (en) * 2008-10-31 2009-11-10 Amerityre Corporation Method and apparatus for filling a tire and wheel assembly with a closed cell polyurethane foam
CN203600911U (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-05-21 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 Portable manual rapid disassembling and assembling tool for latch-type run-flat tire
CN106114167A (en) * 2016-09-09 2016-11-16 江苏畅通车业发展有限公司 A kind of vehicle roof system opens actuator
CN212289407U (en) * 2020-03-18 2021-01-05 江苏畅通车业发展有限公司 Simple three-point tire pressing mechanism

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
朱则刚;: "汽车轮胎的拆装解体与表面检测技术", 轻型汽车技术, no. 2, 8 May 2018 (2018-05-08), pages 63 - 66 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111137076B (en) 2024-07-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN212289407U (en) Simple three-point tire pressing mechanism
CN212527563U (en) Wheel extracting tool
CN111137076A (en) Simple three-point tire pressing mechanism
CN211892738U (en) Simple energy-saving tire pressing mechanism
CN210363198U (en) Mobile motorcycle tyre lifter
CN111267562B (en) Simple energy-saving tire pressing mechanism
CN114162248A (en) Front fork of large handlebar
CN212313200U (en) Automobile tire pressing tool
CN215321824U (en) Device convenient for mounting tire
CN212472953U (en) Novel bicycle spoke without steel cap
CN217514904U (en) Utensil is assisted in installation of vacuum child explosion-proof equipment
CN202169842U (en) Rim and spoke assembly device
CN220809015U (en) Hub and electric vehicle
CN212043287U (en) Bicycle jiffy stand welding frock
CN105313587A (en) Spoke type tubeless wheel
CN216783205U (en) Tire dismouting machine fixing device
CN114986957B (en) Auxiliary pasting device for bottom surface sensor of whole vehicle state tire
CN221187968U (en) Automobile hub with multilayer rim
CN214418119U (en) Wheel buffer block press-fitting device
CN219492379U (en) Silencer mounting frame
CN213861740U (en) Tire dismounting tool
CN213799085U (en) Novel multi-spoke-ring shock-absorbing wheel
CN221251240U (en) Tire transfer trolley
CN219191813U (en) Dismounting tool for tire spokes
CN218938022U (en) Radial impact testing equipment for bicycle integrated rim

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant