CN111135482A - Quasi-phase super-resolution method for respiratory motion signals on chest and abdomen surfaces - Google Patents
Quasi-phase super-resolution method for respiratory motion signals on chest and abdomen surfaces Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a super-resolution method of a respiratory motion signal on the surface of the chest and abdomen, belonging to the technical field of precise instruments and chest and abdomen radiotherapy; the method comprises the steps of firstly converting a respiratory motion signal into a periodic signal through a signal conversion module, forming three outputs with equal phase difference of pi/2 through a phase difference multi-output module, forming five outputs with equal phase difference of pi/5 through a resistor chain multi-phase generation module, forming square waves through a multi-phase sine square wave conversion module, and forming quasi-phase super-resolution square wave outputs through a multi-phase fusion logic gate module, wherein the respiratory motion signal of one period is converted into the quasi-phase square wave signals of a plurality of periods, and the phase difference is the zero period of the quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a quasi-phase super-resolution method for respiratory motion signals on the surfaces of the chest and abdomen, and belongs to the technical field of precision instruments and chest and abdomen radiotherapy.
Background
In the process of the tumor radiotherapy of the chest and abdomen, the tumor region escapes from the target region or the normal tissue enters the target region through breathing, so that the radiotherapy effect is reduced, and complications are easy to generate.
In order to solve the negative influence of respiratory motion on radiotherapy, methods such as respiratory retention, respiratory gating and the like are adopted for the first time in clinic, the tumor position is controlled through respiratory intervention, and although a certain effect is achieved, the tolerance of a patient is poor; in order to improve the tolerance of the patient, the respiration of the patient is not interfered, a tracking system is also provided, and the tracking of the tumor position is realized by monitoring the tumor area, however, the method belongs to a hysteresis compensation method, so that the problem of 'slow half-beat' always occurs; in order to improve the tracking accuracy, scholars adopt a prediction means, and at the beginning, respiratory motion is regarded as simple repetition of a respiratory cycle, however, the respiratory motion has a quasi-periodic characteristic without obvious regularity, so that the prediction accuracy is not high, and the error is larger and larger along with the lapse of time; later, scholars form a breathing motion model with time as a variable through fitting according to the historical rule of breathing motion, and further predict future breathing motion, and the method has a good effect; the research of the subject group adopts a Gaussian process regression method to predict respiratory motion, and provides a prediction result in the form of mean and variance, thereby providing a brand-new prediction means for the respiratory motion.
The macroscopic characteristics of the respiratory motion are determined by the amplitude and the frequency, and the respiratory motion can be predicted only by accurately obtaining the respiratory frequency due to the existence of a certain corresponding relation between the amplitude and the frequency. If the respiratory motion signal can be super-resolved, the respiratory frequency can be obtained in less than one respiratory motion period, and then the respiratory motion can be rapidly predicted and analyzed. However, no technical means for super-resolving respiratory motion signals have been found in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize super-resolution of respiratory motion signals, the invention discloses a chest and abdomen surface respiratory motion signal quasi-phase super-resolution circuit and a method, which can change a respiratory motion signal of one period into a quasi-phase square wave signal of a plurality of periods, and the phase difference is zero period of a quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output signal; a further technical advantage that can be brought by this result is that, in the course of a plurality of respiratory cycles, the change of the respiratory frequency can be determined by determining the frequency change of the square wave signal, and more importantly, since the period of the super-resolution square wave is much smaller than the respiratory motion period, the change of the respiratory frequency can be determined in a shorter time, i.e., in a time range smaller than one respiratory period.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a chest and abdomen surface respiratory motion signal quasi-phase super-resolution circuit comprises a signal conversion module, a phase difference multi-output module, a resistance chain multi-phase generation module, a multi-phase sine square wave conversion module and a multi-phase fusion logic gate module;
the input of the signal conversion module is a respiratory motion signal f (t) of one period, and the output is:
wherein: t is t0Is the time at which the respiratory motion signal f (t) begins to be acquired; ω is the angular frequency of the respiratory motion signal f (t); t is the period of the respiratory motion signal f (T);
the phase difference multi-output module comprises an operational amplifier U1-1 and an operational amplifier U1-2, wherein the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-1 is connected with the output end of the signal conversion module through a capacitor C1-1, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-1 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier U1-1 through a resistor R1-1, and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-1 is connected with the ground; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1-1 through a capacitor C1-2, the output end of the operational amplifier U1-2 is connected through a resistor R1-2, and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-2 is connected with the ground; the output end of the signal conversion module is used as the first output of the phase difference multi-output module, the output end of an operational amplifier U1-1 is used as the second output of the phase difference multi-output module, and the output end of an operational amplifier U1-2 is used as the third output of the phase difference multi-output module;
the resistor chain multi-phase generation module comprises 9 resistors; the first output of the phase difference multi-output module and the second output of the phase difference multi-output module are connected through a series structure of a resistor R2-3 and a resistor R2-7 respectively, the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-3 to the resistor R2-7 is 8/11, the first output of the phase difference multi-output module and the second output of the phase difference multi-output module are connected through a series structure of a resistor R2-5 and a resistor R2-9, and the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-5 to the resistor R2-9 is 28/9; the second output of the phase difference multi-output module and the third output of the phase difference multi-output module are connected through a series structure of resistors R2-11 and R2-15 respectively, the resistance ratio of the resistors R2-11 to the resistors R2-15 is 9/28, the resistors R2-13 and the resistors R2-17 are connected through a series structure, and the resistance ratio of the resistors R2-13 to the resistors R2-17 is 11/8; the first output of the phase difference multi-output module is used as a first phase output after passing through a resistor R2-1, a tap between a resistor R2-3 and a resistor R2-7 is used as a third phase output, a tap between a resistor R2-5 and a resistor R2-9 is used as a fifth phase output, a tap between a resistor R2-11 and a resistor R2-15 is used as a seventh phase output, and a tap between a resistor R2-13 and a resistor R2-17 is used as a ninth phase output;
the multiphase sine square wave conversion module comprises 5 operational amplifiers, wherein the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-1 is connected with the first phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-1 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-1 is a first square wave output; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-3 is connected with the third phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-3 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-3 is third square wave output; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-5 is connected with the fifth phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-5 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-5 is a fifth square wave output; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-7 is connected with the seventh phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-7 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-7 is a seventh square wave output; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-9 is connected with the ninth phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-9 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-9 is the ninth square wave output;
the multi-phase fusion logic gate module comprises 4 exclusive-OR gates, the inputs of the exclusive-OR gate U3-1 are third square wave output and seventh square wave output, and the output of the exclusive-OR gate U3-1 is first exclusive-OR output; the input of the exclusive-OR gate U3-3 is a first square wave output and a first exclusive-OR output, and the output of the exclusive-OR gate U3-3 is a third exclusive-OR output; the input of the exclusive-OR gate U3-6 is the third exclusive-OR output and the seventh exclusive-OR output, and the output of the exclusive-OR gate U3-6 is the sixth exclusive-OR output; the input of the exclusive-OR gate U3-7 is a fifth square wave output and a ninth square wave output, and the output of the exclusive-OR gate U3-7 is a seventh exclusive-OR output; and the sixth exclusive-or output is used as a quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output.
The signal conversion module is realized by a filter and an amplifier with passband frequency containing omega.
A quasi-phase super-resolution method for respiratory motion signals on the surface of the chest and abdomen comprises the following steps:
step a, in a signal conversion module, a filter and an amplifier with passband frequency containing omega are used to realize that a respiratory motion signal f (t) with a period as input is output as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the filter selects the component with the frequency omega to pass through;
the amplifier adjusts the amplitude to
B, in the phase difference multi-output module, two differential circuits consisting of a resistor, a capacitor and an operational amplifier are utilized to respectively realize primary differentiation and secondary differentiation on the output cosine signal of the signal conversion module, so that three outputs of an arithmetic series with the phase difference of pi/2 are realized;
step c, in the resistor chain multiphase generation module, setting three outputs of the phase difference multiphase output module as sin α, sin (α -pi/2) and sin (α -pi) respectively for convenient analysis;
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-3 to the resistor R2-7 is 8/11, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-3 and the resistor R2-7 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-5 to the resistor R2-9 is 28/9, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-5 and the resistor R2-9 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-11 to the resistor R2-15 is 9/28, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-11 and the resistor R2-15 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-13 to the resistor R2-17 is 11/8, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-13 and the resistor R2-17 is:
it can be seen that the output of the resistor chain multi-phase generation module is an arithmetic progression five output with a phase tolerance of pi/5;
step d, in the multi-phase sine square wave conversion module, each path of output of the resistor chain multi-phase generation module passes through a zero-crossing comparator, the amplitude is adjusted to be the saturation voltage value of the operational amplifier, and the phase is reserved;
e, in the multi-phase fusion logic gate module, performing logic operation by utilizing five square wave outputs of the multi-phase sine square wave conversion module and three exclusive or outputs of the multi-phase fusion logic gate module to realize quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output; the quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output changes a respiratory motion signal of one period into a square wave signal of five periods, and the phase difference is zero period of the quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output signal.
Has the advantages that:
firstly, in the invention, a signal conversion module, a phase difference multi-output module, a resistance chain multi-phase generation module, a multi-phase sine square wave conversion module and a multi-phase fusion logic gate module are taken as a whole, and the purpose that a respiratory motion signal in one period is converted into quasi-phase square wave signals in a plurality of periods, and the phase difference is zero period of a quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output signal is realized; the super-resolution of the respiratory motion signal on the surface of the chest and abdomen is realized, and the further technical advantage brought by the result is that in the process of a plurality of respiratory cycles, the change of the respiratory frequency can be judged by judging the frequency change of the square wave signal, and more importantly, the change of the respiratory frequency can be judged in a shorter time, namely in a time range smaller than one respiratory cycle, because the cycle of the super-resolution square wave is far smaller than the respiratory motion cycle.
Secondly, performing super-resolution on the respiratory motion signals on the surfaces of the chest and abdomen, namely performing quasi-phase super-resolution and phase-offset super-resolution firstly, and performing secondary super-resolution by using the phase difference between the quasi-phase super-resolution signals and the phase-offset super-resolution signals, so that the super-resolution precision is further improved, and the signal analysis time is shortened; compared with the other two patents of 'a chest and abdomen surface respiratory motion signal wrong phase super-resolution circuit' and 'a chest and abdomen surface respiratory motion signal wrong phase super-resolution method' applied by the same project team on the same day, the quasi-phase super-resolution circuit realizes the quasi-phase super-resolution of the chest and abdomen surface respiratory motion signal by selecting special resistance parameters, namely, the respiratory motion signal of one period is changed into the quasi-phase square wave signals of a plurality of periods, and the phase difference is the zero period of the output signal of the quasi-phase super-resolution square wave, thereby laying a foundation for the secondary super-resolution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a logic block diagram of a quasi-phase super-resolution circuit for respiratory motion signals of the thoracoabdominal surface.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a phase difference multi-output module in the quasi-phase super-resolution circuit for the respiratory motion signal of the chest and abdomen surface.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a resistor chain multiphase generation module in the quasi-phase super-resolution circuit of the respiratory motion signal on the surface of the chest and abdomen.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a multi-phase sine square wave conversion module in the quasi-phase super-resolution circuit of the respiratory motion signal on the surface of the chest and abdomen.
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a multi-phase fusion logic gate module in the quasi-phase super-resolution circuit of the respiratory motion signal on the surface of the chest and abdomen.
FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of the output of each module of the quasi-phase super-resolution circuit for the respiratory motion signal of the chest and abdomen surface.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
The embodiment is an embodiment of a chest and abdomen surface respiratory motion signal quasi-phase super-resolution circuit.
The logic block diagram of the thoracoabdominal surface respiratory motion signal quasi-phase super-resolution circuit is shown in figure 1, and the thoracoabdominal surface respiratory motion signal quasi-phase super-resolution circuit comprises a signal conversion module, a phase difference multi-output module, a resistance chain multi-phase generation module, a multi-phase sine square wave conversion module and a multi-phase fusion logic gate module; the phase difference multi-output module circuit diagram is shown in fig. 2, the resistance chain multi-phase generation module circuit diagram is shown in fig. 3, the multi-phase sine square wave conversion module circuit diagram is shown in fig. 4, the multi-phase fusion logic gate module circuit diagram is shown in fig. 5, and the output waveform diagram of each module of the thoracoabdominal surface respiratory motion signal super-resolution circuit is shown in fig. 6;
the input of the signal conversion module is a respiratory motion signal f (t) of one period, and the output is:
wherein: t is t0Is the time at which the respiratory motion signal f (t) begins to be acquired; ω is the angular frequency of the respiratory motion signal f (t); t is the period of the respiratory motion signal f (T);
the signal conversion module is realized by a filter and an amplifier with a passband frequency containing omega;
the phase difference multi-output module comprises an operational amplifier U1-1 and an operational amplifier U1-2, wherein the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-1 is connected with the output end of the signal conversion module through a capacitor C1-1, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-1 is connected with the output end of an operational amplifier U1-1 through a resistor R1-1, and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-1 is connected with the ground; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-2 is connected with the output end of the operational amplifier U1-1 through a capacitor C1-2, the output end of the operational amplifier U1-2 is connected through a resistor R1-2, and the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1-2 is connected with the ground; the output end of the signal conversion module is used as the first output of the phase difference multi-output module, the output end of an operational amplifier U1-1 is used as the second output of the phase difference multi-output module, and the output end of an operational amplifier U1-2 is used as the third output of the phase difference multi-output module;
the resistor chain multi-phase generation module comprises 9 resistors; the first output of the phase difference multi-output module and the second output of the phase difference multi-output module are connected through a series structure of a resistor R2-3 and a resistor R2-7 respectively, the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-3 to the resistor R2-7 is 8/11, the first output of the phase difference multi-output module and the second output of the phase difference multi-output module are connected through a series structure of a resistor R2-5 and a resistor R2-9, and the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-5 to the resistor R2-9 is 28/9; the second output of the phase difference multi-output module and the third output of the phase difference multi-output module are connected through a series structure of resistors R2-11 and R2-15 respectively, the resistance ratio of the resistors R2-11 to the resistors R2-15 is 9/28, the resistors R2-13 and the resistors R2-17 are connected through a series structure, and the resistance ratio of the resistors R2-13 to the resistors R2-17 is 11/8; the first output of the phase difference multi-output module is used as a first phase output after passing through a resistor R2-1, a tap between a resistor R2-3 and a resistor R2-7 is used as a third phase output, a tap between a resistor R2-5 and a resistor R2-9 is used as a fifth phase output, a tap between a resistor R2-11 and a resistor R2-15 is used as a seventh phase output, and a tap between a resistor R2-13 and a resistor R2-17 is used as a ninth phase output;
the multiphase sine square wave conversion module comprises 5 operational amplifiers, wherein the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-1 is connected with the first phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-1 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-1 is a first square wave output; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-3 is connected with the third phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-3 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-3 is third square wave output; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-5 is connected with the fifth phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-5 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-5 is a fifth square wave output; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-7 is connected with the seventh phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-7 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-7 is a seventh square wave output; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-9 is connected with the ninth phase output of the resistor chain multiphase generation module; the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2-9 is connected to the ground, and the output end of the operational amplifier U2-9 is the ninth square wave output;
the multi-phase fusion logic gate module comprises 4 exclusive-OR gates, the inputs of the exclusive-OR gate U3-1 are third square wave output and seventh square wave output, and the output of the exclusive-OR gate U3-1 is first exclusive-OR output; the input of the exclusive-OR gate U3-3 is a first square wave output and a first exclusive-OR output, and the output of the exclusive-OR gate U3-3 is a third exclusive-OR output; the input of the exclusive-OR gate U3-6 is the third exclusive-OR output and the seventh exclusive-OR output, and the output of the exclusive-OR gate U3-6 is the sixth exclusive-OR output; the input of the exclusive-OR gate U3-7 is a fifth square wave output and a ninth square wave output, and the output of the exclusive-OR gate U3-7 is a seventh exclusive-OR output; and the sixth exclusive-or output is used as a quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output.
Detailed description of the invention
The embodiment is an embodiment of a chest and abdomen surface respiratory motion signal quasi-phase super-resolution method.
The chest and abdomen surface respiratory motion signal quasi-phase super-resolution method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step a, in a signal conversion module, a filter and an amplifier with passband frequency containing omega are used to realize that a respiratory motion signal f (t) with a period as input is output as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the filter selects the component with the frequency omega to pass through;
the amplifier adjusts the amplitude to
B, in the phase difference multi-output module, two differential circuits consisting of a resistor, a capacitor and an operational amplifier are utilized to respectively realize primary differentiation and secondary differentiation on the output cosine signal of the signal conversion module, so that three outputs of an arithmetic series with the phase difference of pi/2 are realized;
step c, in the resistor chain multiphase generation module, setting three outputs of the phase difference multiphase output module as sin α, sin (α -pi/2) and sin (α -pi) respectively for convenient analysis;
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-3 to the resistor R2-7 is 8/11, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-3 and the resistor R2-7 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-5 to the resistor R2-9 is 28/9, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-5 and the resistor R2-9 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-11 to the resistor R2-15 is 9/28, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-11 and the resistor R2-15 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-13 to the resistor R2-17 is 11/8, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-13 and the resistor R2-17 is:
it can be seen that the output of the resistor chain multi-phase generation module is an arithmetic progression five output with a phase tolerance of pi/5;
step d, in the multi-phase sine square wave conversion module, each path of output of the resistor chain multi-phase generation module passes through a zero-crossing comparator, the amplitude is adjusted to be the saturation voltage value of the operational amplifier, and the phase is reserved;
e, in the multi-phase fusion logic gate module, performing logic operation by utilizing five square wave outputs of the multi-phase sine square wave conversion module and three exclusive or outputs of the multi-phase fusion logic gate module to realize quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output; the quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output changes a respiratory motion signal of one period into a square wave signal of five periods, and the phase difference is zero period of the quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output signal.
Claims (1)
1. A quasi-phase super-resolution method for respiratory motion signals on the surface of the chest and abdomen is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a, in a signal conversion module, a filter and an amplifier with passband frequency containing omega are used to realize that a respiratory motion signal f (t) with a period as input is output as:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the filter selects the component with the frequency omega to pass through;
the amplifier adjusts the amplitude to
B, in the phase difference multi-output module, two differential circuits consisting of a resistor, a capacitor and an operational amplifier are utilized to respectively realize primary differentiation and secondary differentiation on the output cosine signal of the signal conversion module, so that three outputs of an arithmetic series with the phase difference of pi/2 are realized;
step c, in the resistor chain multiphase generation module, setting three outputs of the phase difference multiphase output module as sin α, sin (α -pi/2) and sin (α -pi) respectively for convenient analysis;
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-3 to the resistor R2-7 is 8/11, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-3 and the resistor R2-7 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-5 to the resistor R2-9 is 28/9, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-5 and the resistor R2-9 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-11 to the resistor R2-15 is 9/28, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-11 and the resistor R2-15 is:
since the resistance ratio of the resistor R2-13 to the resistor R2-17 is 11/8, the tap voltage between the resistor R2-13 and the resistor R2-17 is:
it can be seen that the output of the resistor chain multi-phase generation module is an arithmetic progression five output with a phase tolerance of pi/5;
step d, in the multi-phase sine square wave conversion module, each path of output of the resistor chain multi-phase generation module passes through a zero-crossing comparator, the amplitude is adjusted to be the saturation voltage value of the operational amplifier, and the phase is reserved;
e, in the multi-phase fusion logic gate module, performing logic operation by utilizing five square wave outputs of the multi-phase sine square wave conversion module and three exclusive or outputs of the multi-phase fusion logic gate module to realize quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output; the quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output changes a respiratory motion signal of one period into a square wave signal of five periods, and the phase difference is zero period of the quasi-phase super-resolution square wave output signal.
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