CN111129740A - Dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and array antenna - Google Patents

Dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and array antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111129740A
CN111129740A CN202010028586.8A CN202010028586A CN111129740A CN 111129740 A CN111129740 A CN 111129740A CN 202010028586 A CN202010028586 A CN 202010028586A CN 111129740 A CN111129740 A CN 111129740A
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China
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base station
station antenna
feeding port
antenna
micro base
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CN111129740B (en
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金定树
孙凯
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Shanghai Amphenol Airwave Communication Electronics Co Ltd
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Shanghai Amphenol Airwave Communication Electronics Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006Particular feeding systems

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and an array antenna, wherein the base station antenna comprises: the radiating element comprises a first radiating layer and a second radiating layer, wherein the first radiating layer is in feed coupling with the second radiating layer; a plurality of trapezoidal seams are formed on the second radiation layer; a power distribution plate connected to the first radiation layer; the power distribution board comprises a first feeding port, a second feeding port and a third feeding port, the electrical length of the second feeding port is greater than that of any one of the first feeding port and the third feeding port, and the second feeding port is an inverted feeding port; and the reflecting plate is fixedly connected with the power distribution plate. The base station antenna has the advantages of low profile, simple structure, easy realization, high disposable intermodulation yield in batch production, contribution to the batch production consistency of the antenna, reduction in production cost and satisfaction of the industrial standard of the base station antenna.

Description

Dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and array antenna
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of antenna design, and particularly relates to a dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and an array antenna.
Background
The base station antenna is one of the most critical components in the whole wireless communication system, the performance of the base station antenna influences the voice and video signals of each user, the low-profile base station antenna can meet the actual requirements of the users, the weight and the volume of the antenna can be reduced, and the wind load resistance of the base station is effectively improved.
The existing base station antenna mainly has the defects that the section of the antenna array is high, the elements are combined by a complex feed network to form the antenna array, and the volume and the weight of the base station antenna are difficult to reduce, so that the base station antenna is high in installation difficulty when being installed outdoors, weak in wind load resistance in the actual use process, and high in production and assembly complexity; secondly, in the production process of the traditional welding base station antenna, the one-time intermodulation yield is not high due to the welding problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and an array antenna, which can reduce welding spots of the antenna, improve the intermodulation one-time passing rate of the antenna, and have the advantages of small size, simple structure and easy production and installation.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna comprising:
a radiating element comprising a first radiating layer, a second radiating layer, the first radiating layer being feed-coupled to the second radiating layer; a plurality of trapezoidal seams are formed on the second radiation layer;
a power distribution plate connected to the first radiation layer; the power distribution board comprises a first feeding port, a second feeding port and a third feeding port, wherein the electrical length of the second feeding port is greater than that of any one of the first feeding port and the third feeding port, and the second feeding port is an inverted feeding port;
and the reflecting plate is fixedly connected with the power distribution plate.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a first feeding point and a second feeding point are disposed on the first radiation layer, and the first feeding point and the second feeding point are distributed in axial symmetry;
the second radiation layer is provided with four trapezoidal seams, the first radiation layer is provided with four welding grooves opposite to the trapezoidal seams, and a metal support sheet is welded on each welding groove and connected with the second radiation layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second radiation layer is square, each of the trapezoidal slits is an equilateral trapezoidal slit, and four of the trapezoidal slits are distributed in a square shape;
the central axes of the two trapezoidal seams are superposed with the horizontal central axis of the second radiation layer and are symmetrically distributed about the vertical central axis of the second radiation layer;
the central axes of the other two trapezoid seams are superposed with the vertical central axis of the second radiation layer and are symmetrically distributed about the horizontal central axis of the second radiation layer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the bottom edges of the two trapezoidal seams which are distributed in axial symmetry are arranged oppositely.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second radiation layer is square, each of the trapezoidal slits is an equilateral trapezoidal slit, and four of the trapezoidal slits are distributed in a square shape;
the central axes of the two trapezoid seams are superposed with the first diagonal line of the second radiation layer and are symmetrically distributed about the second diagonal line of the second radiation layer;
the central axes of the other two trapezoidal seams are superposed with the second diagonal line of the second radiation layer and are symmetrically distributed relative to the first diagonal line of the second radiation layer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the two trapezoidal slits symmetrically distributed with respect to the diagonal line of the second radiation layer are disposed opposite to each other.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the input power of the first feeding port, the input power of the second feeding port, and the input power of the third feeding port are 1:2: 1.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the height of the micro base station antenna is 0.08 × λ, where λ is C/f, C represents the speed of light, and f represents the center frequency of the micro base station antenna.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power distribution board is provided with a multi-stage bandwidth matching network for improving the impedance bandwidth of the micro base station antenna.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the second radiation layer is made of an aluminum sheet metal through stamping.
An array antenna comprises a dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna in an embodiment of the invention.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
1) in the dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna in the embodiment of the invention, aiming at the problems that the profile of the existing base station antenna is higher and the antenna array adopts a more complex feed network, the radiation unit of the invention adopts two layers of radiation patches, and the second radiation layer is provided with a trapezoidal seam, so that the size of the antenna is reduced; and the reverse feeding design is adopted on the power distribution board, so that the structure is simple, and the size of the antenna is further reduced.
2) Aiming at the problems that the existing base station antenna is complex in structure and low in disposable intermodulation yield due to excessive welding spots, the second radiation layer is formed by stamping an aluminum sheet metal plate, 4 welding grooves are formed in the first radiation layer, and a metal support sheet is welded to each welding groove to be connected with the second radiation layer, so that only 4 welding spots are needed for connecting the first radiation layer with the second radiation layer, the antenna is simple to assemble, and the disposable intermodulation yield of the antenna is improved.
3) In the dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna in an embodiment of the present invention, the second feeding port adopts a backward feeding technology, and the input power of the first feeding port, i.e., the input power of the second feeding port, and the input power of the third feeding port, i.e., 1:2:1, weakens the influence of the higher-order mode of the antenna, and when the antenna is used in the same row, the isolation of the antenna is greatly improved.
4) In the dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna in the embodiment of the invention, as the height of the antenna is made to be 0.08 wavelength, compared with the existing base station antenna with the height of 0.25 wavelength, the height of the antenna is greatly reduced, the size of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the miniaturization of the base station antenna is realized.
5) In the dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna in the embodiment of the invention, because the height of the antenna is reduced, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is generally narrowed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic high-level view of a dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a co-frequency antenna in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the standing-wave ratio performance of an antenna operating in a frequency band of (3400MHz-3600MHz) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of isolation performance of an antenna operating in a frequency band of (3400MHz-3600Mhz) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a diagram of the horizontal and vertical beam width performance of an antenna operating in a frequency band of (3400MHz-3600Mhz) in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the horizontal cross-polarization ratio performance of an antenna with an operating band of (3400MHz-3600Mhz) in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a gain curve diagram of the antenna with the working frequency band of (3400MHz-3600MHz) in an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: a radiation unit; 101: a first radiation layer; 1011: welding a groove; 1012: a first feeding point; 1013: a second feeding point; 102: a second radiation layer; 1021: a trapezoidal seam; 1022: a metal support sheet; 2: a power distribution plate; 201: a first feed port; 202: a second feed port; 203: a third feed port; 204: a bandwidth matching network; 3: a reflective plate.
Detailed Description
The dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and the array antenna provided by the invention are further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna provided by the present invention includes: radiation unit 1, power distribution board 2, reflecting plate 3. The radiation unit 1 is connected to a power distribution plate 2, and the power distribution plate 2 is provided on the front or back surface of the reflection plate 3. .
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2. The radiating element 1 comprises a first radiating layer 101 and a second radiating layer 102, wherein the first radiating layer 101 is coupled to the second radiating layer 102 in a feeding mode. The first radiation layer 101 is provided with a first feeding point 1012 and a second feeding point 1013, the first feeding point 1012 and the second feeding point 1013 are distributed in axial symmetry and the feeding form is direct feeding.
The second radiation layer 102 is made of an aluminum sheet, four trapezoidal seams 1021 are formed in the second radiation layer 102, four welding grooves 1011 are formed in the first radiation layer 101, the positions of the four welding grooves are opposite to the trapezoidal seams 1021, and a metal support piece 1022 is welded to each welding groove 1011 and connected with the second radiation layer 102. The metal supporting piece 1022 is formed by stamping a metal plate on the second radiation layer 102, and on one hand, plays a role in supporting the second radiation layer 102; on the other hand, the one-time SMT assembly is facilitated, and the one-time intermodulation yield of the antenna is improved. In the embodiment, four trapezoidal seams 1021 are formed on the second radiation layer 102, but the invention is not limited to this, and other numbers of trapezoidal seams 1021, such as 3, 5, etc., may be formed according to practical situations.
The second radiation layer 102 is square, each trapezoidal seam 1021 is an equilateral trapezoidal seam, and four trapezoidal seams 1021 are distributed in a square shape. The central axes of the two trapezoidal seams 1021 are superposed with the horizontal central axis of the second radiation layer 102 and are symmetrically distributed about the vertical central axis of the second radiation layer 102; the central axes of the other two trapezoidal seams 1021 are coincident with the vertical central axis of the second radiation layer 102 and are symmetrically distributed about the horizontal central axis of the second radiation layer 102; the bottom edges of the two trapezoidal seams 1021 which are distributed in the axial symmetry manner are arranged oppositely, that is, the upper bottom edges of the two trapezoidal seams 1021 which are distributed in the axial symmetry manner are arranged oppositely, and the lower bottom edges are arranged oppositely; or the lower bottom edges of the two axisymmetric trapezoidal seams 1021 are oppositely arranged, and the upper bottom edges are oppositely arranged. The trapezoidal seam 1021 is arranged on the second radiation layer 102, so that the size of the antenna can be reduced, and when the antenna is used for a same-frequency antenna, the different-row same-polarization isolation of the same-frequency antenna can be improved.
The trapezoidal slit 1021 can be arranged in the following manner in addition to the above-described arrangement: as shown in fig. 3, wherein the central axes of the two trapezoidal seams 1021 are coincident with the first diagonal of the second radiation layer 102 and symmetrically distributed about the second diagonal of the second radiation layer 102; while the central axes of the other two trapezoidal seams 1021 are coincident with the second diagonal of the second radiation layer 102 and symmetrically distributed with respect to the first diagonal of the second radiation layer 102. Similarly, the bottom edges of two trapezoidal seams 1021 symmetrically distributed about the diagonal of the second radiation layer 102 are arranged opposite to each other; accordingly, the position of the solder recess 1011 on the first radiation layer 101 opposite to the position of the trapezoidal slit 1021 is adjusted accordingly.
The shape of the first radiation layer 101 and the second radiation layer 102 may be any one of a square, a circle, an octagon, and other polygons according to actual needs.
The power distribution plate 2 is made of a printed circuit board, as shown in fig. 4. The power distribution board 2 comprises a first feeding port 201, a second feeding port 202, a third feeding port 203, a fourth feeding port 204, a fifth feeding port 205 and a sixth feeding port 206, wherein the first feeding port 201, the second feeding port 202 and the third feeding port 203 form a feeding path; and the fourth feed port 204, the fifth feed port 205, and the sixth feed port 206 constitute another feed path.
The electrical length of the second feeding port 202 is greater than the electrical length of any one of the first feeding port 201 and the third feeding port 203, and the second feeding port 202 is an inverted feeding port. When the input power of the first feeding port 201 is equal to the input power of the second feeding port 202, and the input power of the third feeding port 203 is equal to 1:2:1, the influence of the high-order mode of the antenna on the antenna can be counteracted; when the antenna is used for the same-frequency antenna, the isolation of the antennas in the same column can be greatly improved.
Because the reduction of the height of the antenna can narrow the impedance bandwidth of the antenna, the invention reduces the height of the antenna and simultaneously arranges a multistage matching network on the power distribution board 2 to improve the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. The multi-stage matching network is formed by a fourth feeding port 204, a fifth feeding port 205 and a sixth feeding port 206 as another feeding path. By modifying the feed path, bandwidth matching can be achieved.
The antenna provided by the present invention, through optimization of the radiation unit 1 and the power distribution board 2, reduces the height of the antenna, which is shown in fig. 5, and reduces 0.25 wavelength under the conventional structure to the height of 0.08 wavelength, which can be expressed as h ═ 0.08 λ, where λ ═ C/f, C represents the speed of light, and f represents the center frequency of the antenna operation. The invention reduces the height of the antenna as a whole and effectively reduces the size of the antenna.
Example two
The invention also provides an array antenna, such as a double-row same-frequency antenna. The co-frequency antenna comprises a left antenna and a right antenna, and for convenience of observation and explanation, the two antennas are arranged in a transverse manner as shown in fig. 6. The two rows of antennas are distributed in mirror symmetry, and each row of antennas comprises a reflecting plate 3, a power distribution plate 2 and three radiating units 1. The power radiation plate 2 is fixedly connected with the reflection plate 3, the third feeding port 203 on the power distribution plate 2 is connected with the second feeding point 1013 of a radiation unit 1, and the fourth feeding port 204 is connected with the first feeding point 1012 of the radiation unit 1; the second feeding port 202 of the power distribution board 2 is connected to the second feeding point 1013 of another radiation element 1, and the fifth feeding port 205 is connected to the first feeding point 1012 of the radiation element 1; the first feeding port 201 of the power distribution board 2 is connected to the second feeding point 1013 of the third radiation element 1, and the sixth feeding port 206 is connected to the first feeding point 1012 of the radiation element 1.
The double-row same-frequency antenna can work between frequency bands of 3.4 GHz-3.6 GHz, and by taking the working frequency band as an example, simulation tests are carried out on standing-wave ratio, isolation, horizontal plane and vertical plane beam width, horizontal plane cross polarization ratio and gain of a row of antennas in the double-row same-frequency antenna. As shown in fig. 7, the standing-wave ratios of the two polarization ports of the same-frequency antenna are both less than 1.5, which indicates that the antenna is well matched in the frequency band range of 3.4GHz to 3.6 GHz. As shown in fig. 8, the isolation of the two polarization ports of the same-frequency antenna is greater than 23dB, which indicates that the antenna has good isolation in the frequency band range of 3.4GHz to 3.6 GHz. As shown in fig. 9, the horizontal plane beam width of the co-frequency antenna is between 69 ° and 72 °, and the vertical plane beam width is between 26 ° and 28 °, which indicates that the antenna has good horizontal plane beam convergence in the frequency band range of 3.4GHz to 3.6 GHz. As shown in fig. 10, the axial cross polarization ratio of the same-frequency antenna is greater than 20dB, and the sector cross polarization ratio is greater than 10dB, which indicates that the antenna has a good horizontal cross polarization ratio in the frequency band range of 3.4GHz to 3.6 GHz. As shown in fig. 11, the gain of the antenna is greater than 11.95dB, and the gain of the antenna after the operating frequency is greater than 3.52GHz tends to increase, indicating that the gain of the antenna is good in the frequency band range of 3.4GHz to 3.6 GHz. And under the same working frequency band, the simulation effect of the other row of antennas is similar.
In conclusion, the dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna provided by the invention can work independently, can also carry out array to realize array antenna work, and can also carry out single-frequency or multi-frequency work.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna, comprising:
a radiating element comprising a first radiating layer, a second radiating layer, the first radiating layer being feed-coupled to the second radiating layer; a plurality of trapezoidal seams are formed on the second radiation layer;
a power distribution plate connected to the first radiation layer; the power distribution board comprises a first feeding port, a second feeding port and a third feeding port, wherein the electrical length of the second feeding port is greater than that of any one of the first feeding port and the third feeding port, and the second feeding port is an inverted feeding port;
and the reflecting plate is fixedly connected with the power distribution plate.
2. The dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna of claim 1, wherein said first radiating layer has a first feeding point and a second feeding point, said first feeding point and said second feeding point being disposed in an axisymmetric arrangement;
the second radiation layer is provided with four trapezoidal seams, the first radiation layer is provided with four welding grooves opposite to the trapezoidal seams, and a metal support sheet is welded on each welding groove and connected with the second radiation layer.
3. The dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna of claim 2, wherein said second radiating layer is square, each of said trapezoidal shaped slots is an equilateral trapezoidal slot, four of said trapezoidal shaped slots are distributed in a square;
the central axes of the two trapezoidal seams are superposed with the horizontal central axis of the second radiation layer and are symmetrically distributed about the vertical central axis of the second radiation layer;
the central axes of the other two trapezoid seams are superposed with the vertical central axis of the second radiation layer and are symmetrically distributed about the horizontal central axis of the second radiation layer.
4. The dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna of claim 3, wherein two of said trapezoidal shaped slots are disposed opposite to each other in axial symmetry.
5. The dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna of claim 2, wherein said second radiating layer is square, each of said trapezoidal shaped slots is an equilateral trapezoidal slot, four of said trapezoidal shaped slots are distributed in a square;
the central axes of the two trapezoid seams are superposed with the first diagonal line of the second radiation layer and are symmetrically distributed about the second diagonal line of the second radiation layer;
the central axes of the other two trapezoidal seams are superposed with the second diagonal line of the second radiation layer and are symmetrically distributed relative to the first diagonal line of the second radiation layer.
6. The dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the input power of said first feed port to said second feed port to said third feed port is 1:2: 1.
7. The dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna according to claim 1, wherein the height of said micro base station antenna is 0.08 x λ, wherein λ ═ C/f, C denotes the speed of light and f denotes the center frequency at which said micro base station antenna operates.
8. The dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna of claim 7, wherein said power distribution board has a plurality of stages of bandwidth matching networks for increasing the impedance bandwidth of said micro base station antenna.
9. The dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna of claim 1, wherein said second radiating layer is stamped from aluminum sheet metal.
10. An array antenna comprising the dual polarized low profile micro base station antenna of any of claims 1 to 9.
CN202010028586.8A 2020-01-11 2020-01-11 Dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and array antenna Active CN111129740B (en)

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CN110676572A (en) * 2019-11-13 2020-01-10 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 Integrated dual-polarized radiation unit and corresponding large-scale array antenna
CN211789497U (en) * 2020-01-11 2020-10-27 上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司 Dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and array antenna

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104269617A (en) * 2014-09-19 2015-01-07 电子科技大学 Planar dual-polarization UWB-MIMO antenna
CN106207378A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-12-07 天津工业大学 A kind of RFID reader beam switchover type smart antenna
CN109494488A (en) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-19 湘南学院 A kind of extensive circular polarised array antenna of efficient low section
CN110676572A (en) * 2019-11-13 2020-01-10 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 Integrated dual-polarized radiation unit and corresponding large-scale array antenna
CN211789497U (en) * 2020-01-11 2020-10-27 上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司 Dual-polarized low-profile micro base station antenna and array antenna

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