CN111129549B - System and method for rapidly detecting fuel cell stack serial leakage - Google Patents
System and method for rapidly detecting fuel cell stack serial leakage Download PDFInfo
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- CN111129549B CN111129549B CN201911264872.8A CN201911264872A CN111129549B CN 111129549 B CN111129549 B CN 111129549B CN 201911264872 A CN201911264872 A CN 201911264872A CN 111129549 B CN111129549 B CN 111129549B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04679—Failure or abnormal function of fuel cell stacks
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for rapidly detecting the serial leakage of a fuel cell stack. The system comprises a fuel cell stack with a hydrogen cavity, a water cavity and an air cavity which are independent of each other, wherein the hydrogen cavity is provided with a hydrogen cavity inlet and a hydrogen cavity outlet which are mutually communicated, the air cavity is provided with an air cavity inlet and an air cavity outlet which are mutually communicated, the hydrogen cavity inlet, the water cavity inlet and the air cavity inlet are respectively connected with inlet valves, the inlet valves are respectively connected with a nitrogen injection device in parallel, the hydrogen cavity outlet, the water cavity outlet and the air cavity outlet are respectively connected with outlet valves, and pressure gauges are respectively arranged between the hydrogen cavity outlet and the outlet valves, between the water cavity outlet and the outlet valves and between the air cavity outlet and the outlet valves. The invention has the advantages that: simple structure, detection effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a system and a method for rapidly detecting the serial leakage of a fuel cell stack.
Background
According to the working mechanism of the hydrogen/air proton exchange membrane fuel cell, the inside of the electric pile is in relatively harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, humidity, acidity and the like for a long time during the operation of the electric pile, and the corrosion and aging of various parts in the fuel cell can be accelerated, so that the fuel cell can possibly generate faults such as corrosion and cracking of polar plates, membrane breakage, aging and failure of sealing rings and the like in the electric pile after long-time operation of the fuel cell. Once similar faults occur, the hydrogen and the air can be mixed and leaked in the single-side flow channel, and when the concentration of the hydrogen reaches a certain critical value, the hydrogen can react violently or even explode under the action of a catalyst. However, after the hydrogen fuel cell stack is assembled in groups, the process requirements such as sealing and compaction generally cannot be split and detected, and many times, internal damage of the stack occurs in the process of operating the stack, so that faults cannot be detected in real time, so that the fuel cell can be shut down in time.
In order to solve the defects existing in the prior art, long-term exploration is performed, and various solutions are proposed. For example, chinese patent literature discloses a method and apparatus for detecting internal damage and leakage of a hydrogen fuel cell stack [ CN201810607227.0], which includes collecting pressures of hydrogen and air at an outlet of the fuel cell stack, respectively, adjusting an operation state of an air compressor, and ensuring that the hydrogen pressure in the stack is relatively higher than the air pressure. When the hydrogen fuel cell is broken and leaked inside the stack, hydrogen gas leaks to the air side by the pressure difference, and part of the hydrogen gas is discharged out of the stack along with the air from the air flow passage. And then a gas separator is additionally arranged at the air outlet of the electric pile, and the hydrogen is separated from the air by utilizing the characteristic that the hydrogen density is much smaller than that of the air. When leaked hydrogen is contained in the air, the hydrogen may accumulate in the upper part of the gas separator. A hydrogen concentration sensor is additionally arranged on the upper part of the gas separator, and when the hydrogen concentration is higher than a set value, the sensor sends an alarm signal to enable the controller to close the electric pile in time, so that the purposes of fault detection and safe closing are achieved.
The above-mentioned scheme has solved to a certain extent that current hydrogen fuel cell detection device initial stage can't accurately detect and reveal and can't carry out real-time detection to the trouble to the problem of shutting down in time to fuel cell, but this scheme still has a great deal of shortages, for example: only detecting whether the hydrogen leaks, whether the serial leakage occurs among the air, the hydrogen and the water cavity can not be detected, and the detection method is single and has poor accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a system for quickly detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack, which is reasonable in design, simple in structure and convenient to detect.
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for quickly detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack, which is reasonable in design and good in detection effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the system comprises a fuel cell stack with mutually independent hydrogen cavity, water cavity and air cavity, the hydrogen cavity is provided with a hydrogen cavity inlet and a hydrogen cavity outlet which are mutually communicated, the water cavity is provided with a water cavity inlet and a water cavity outlet which are mutually communicated, the air cavity is provided with an air cavity inlet and an air cavity outlet which are mutually communicated, the hydrogen cavity inlet, the water cavity inlet and the air cavity inlet are respectively connected with inlet valves, the inlet valves are respectively connected with a nitrogen injection device in parallel, the hydrogen cavity outlet, the water cavity outlet and the air cavity outlet are respectively connected with outlet valves, and pressure gauges are respectively arranged between the hydrogen cavity outlet and the outlet valves, between the water cavity outlet and the outlet valves and between the air cavity outlet and the outlet valves.
In the system for rapidly detecting the serial leakage of the fuel cell stack, the nitrogen injection device comprises a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder which is respectively connected with an inlet valve connected with the hydrogen cavity inlet, the water cavity inlet and the air cavity inlet in parallel through a pressure reducing valve.
In the system for rapidly detecting the serial leakage of the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen cavity inlet and the hydrogen cavity outlet are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two sides of the upper end of the fuel cell stack, the water cavity inlet and the water cavity outlet are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two sides of the middle part of the fuel cell stack, and the air cavity inlet and the air cavity outlet are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two sides of the lower end of the fuel cell stack.
In the system for rapidly detecting the serial leakage of the fuel cell stack, the inlet valve is divided into a first inlet valve, a second inlet valve and a third inlet valve, the first inlet valve is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen cavity, the second inlet valve is connected with the inlet of the water cavity, and the third inlet valve is connected with the inlet of the air cavity; the outlet valve is divided into a first outlet valve, a second outlet valve and a third outlet valve, the first outlet valve is connected with the outlet of the hydrogen cavity, the second outlet valve is connected with the outlet of the water cavity, and the third outlet valve is connected with the outlet of the air cavity.
In the system for rapidly detecting the serial leakage of the fuel cell stack, a first pressure gauge is arranged between the first outlet valve and the outlet of the hydrogen cavity, a second pressure gauge is arranged between the second outlet valve and the outlet of the water cavity, and a third pressure gauge is arranged between the third outlet valve and the outlet of the air cavity.
The system for quickly detecting the fuel cell stack serial leakage provides a method for quickly detecting the fuel cell stack serial leakage, and the method comprises the following steps:
A. opening an inlet valve connected with any one of a hydrogen cavity inlet, a water cavity inlet and an air cavity inlet, injecting nitrogen into any one of the hydrogen cavity, the water cavity and the air cavity through a nitrogen injection device, closing the opened inlet valve, recording an initial value of a pressure gauge at an outlet valve connected with the nitrogen injection cavity, and recording the value of the pressure gauge again after a set time interval; if the value is different from the initial value, the cavity filled with nitrogen has the air leakage phenomenon; if the value is the same as the initial value, executing the next step;
B. sequentially opening outlet valves connected with the hydrogen cavity, the water cavity and the remaining two cavities without nitrogen injection in the air cavity, and recording the value of a pressure gauge at the outlet valve connected with the nitrogen injection cavity, wherein if the value is different from the initial value, the serial leakage phenomenon exists in the hydrogen cavity, the water cavity and the air cavity with the nitrogen injection cavity and the cavity connected with the opening outlet valve; if the value is the same as the initial value, opening an outlet valve connected with a cavity filled with nitrogen, and evacuating the nitrogen in the cavity;
C. and B, filling nitrogen into the remaining two cavities of the hydrogen cavity, the water cavity and the air cavity until the hydrogen cavity, the water cavity and the air cavity are all detected.
In the above method for rapidly detecting a fuel cell stack leakage, the step a specifically includes:
and B, opening a first inlet valve, introducing nitrogen into the hydrogen cavity through a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder, closing the first inlet valve, recording an initial value after the number of the first pressure gauge is stable, observing the value of the first pressure gauge again after a set time interval, comparing the value with the initial value, judging that the hydrogen cavity has the air leakage phenomenon if the compared value changes, and executing the step B if the compared value remains unchanged.
In the above method for rapidly detecting a fuel cell stack leakage, the step B specifically includes:
opening a second outlet valve, observing a first pressure representation value after a set time interval, comparing the recorded value with an initial value, and judging that a serial leakage phenomenon exists between the hydrogen cavity and the water cavity if the compared value changes;
if the comparison value is unchanged, closing the second outlet valve, opening the third outlet valve, observing the first pressure to represent the value after a set time interval, comparing the recorded value with the initial value, if the comparison value is changed, judging that the serial leakage phenomenon exists between the hydrogen cavity and the air cavity, if the comparison value is unchanged, opening the first outlet valve, evacuating nitrogen in the hydrogen cavity, resetting a pressure gauge connected with the hydrogen cavity to zero, and executing the step C.
In the method for rapidly detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack, the interval setting time is 8-15min.
In the above method for rapidly detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack, in the step a, nitrogen gas higher than atmospheric pressure is injected into any one of the hydrogen cavity, the water cavity and the air cavity by the nitrogen gas injection device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the detection system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the detection method of the present invention.
In the figure, a fuel cell stack 1, a hydrogen chamber 11, a hydrogen chamber inlet 111, a hydrogen chamber outlet 112, a water chamber 12, a water chamber inlet 121, a water chamber outlet 122, an air chamber 13, an air chamber inlet 131, an air chamber outlet 132, an inlet valve 2, a first inlet valve 21, a second inlet valve 22, a third inlet valve 23, a nitrogen gas injection device 3, a high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder 31, a pressure reducing valve 32, an outlet valve 4, a first outlet valve 41, a second outlet valve 42, a third outlet valve 43, a pressure gauge 5, a first pressure gauge 51, a second pressure gauge 52, and a third pressure gauge 53.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for quickly detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack comprises a fuel cell stack 1 with a hydrogen cavity 11, a water cavity 12 and an air cavity 13 which are independent of each other, wherein the hydrogen cavity 11 is provided with a hydrogen cavity inlet 111 and a hydrogen cavity outlet 112 which are communicated with each other, the water cavity 12 is provided with a water cavity inlet 121 and a water cavity outlet 122 which are communicated with each other, and the air cavity 13 is provided with an air cavity inlet 131 and an air cavity outlet 132 which are communicated with each other, and the system is characterized in that the hydrogen cavity inlet 111, the water cavity inlet 121 and the air cavity inlet 131 are respectively connected with an inlet valve 2, the inlet valves 2 are respectively connected with a nitrogen injection device 3 in parallel, the hydrogen cavity outlet 112, the water cavity outlet 122 and the air cavity outlet 132 are respectively connected with an outlet valve 4, and a pressure gauge 5 is respectively arranged between the hydrogen cavity outlet 112 and the outlet valve 4, between the water cavity outlet 122 and the outlet valve 4, and between the air cavity outlet 132 and the outlet valve 4. The nitrogen is sequentially injected into the hydrogen cavity inlet 111, the water cavity inlet 121 and the air cavity inlet 131 through the nitrogen injection device 3, and whether the serial leakage exists among the hydrogen cavity 11, the water cavity 12 and the air cavity 13 can be rapidly and conveniently detected by sequentially observing the numerical change of the pressure gauge 5 by opening and closing the outlet valve 4.
The nitrogen injection device 3 comprises a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 31, and the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 31 is connected in parallel with an inlet valve 2 connected with a hydrogen cavity inlet 111, a water cavity inlet 121 and an air cavity inlet 131 through a pressure reducing valve 32. The entry of nitrogen into the hydrogen chamber inlet 111, the water chamber inlet 121 and the air chamber inlet 131 can be individually controlled by the inlet valve 2, respectively.
Specifically, the hydrogen chamber inlet 111 and the hydrogen chamber outlet 112 are respectively and correspondingly disposed at two sides of the upper end of the fuel cell stack 1, the water chamber inlet 121 and the water chamber outlet 122 are respectively and correspondingly disposed at two sides of the middle of the fuel cell stack 1, and the air chamber inlet 131 and the air chamber outlet 132 are respectively and correspondingly disposed at two sides of the lower end of the fuel cell stack 1.
In detail, the inlet valve 2 is divided into a first inlet valve 21, a second inlet valve 22 and a third inlet valve 23, and the first inlet valve 21 is connected to the hydrogen chamber inlet 111, the second inlet valve 22 is connected to the water chamber inlet 121, and the third inlet valve 23 is connected to the air chamber inlet 131; the outlet valve 4 is divided into a first outlet valve 41, a second outlet valve 42 and a third outlet valve 43, and the first outlet valve 41 is connected to the hydrogen chamber outlet 112, the second outlet valve 42 is connected to the water chamber outlet 122, and the third outlet valve 43 is connected to the air chamber outlet 132. Because the hydrogen cavity 11, the water cavity 12 and the air cavity 13 are mutually closed, if the corresponding outlet valve 4 is opened, whether the corresponding pressure gauge 5 is changed or not can be observed, and whether the serial leakage occurs among the hydrogen cavity inlet 111, the water cavity inlet 121 and the air cavity inlet 131 can be detected.
Preferably, a first pressure gauge 51 is provided between the first outlet valve 41 and the hydrogen chamber outlet 112, a second pressure gauge 52 is provided between the second outlet valve 42 and the water chamber outlet 122, and a third pressure gauge 53 is provided between the third outlet valve 43 and the air chamber outlet 132. Whether or not a leak occurs between the hydrogen chamber inlet 111, the water chamber inlet 121, and the air chamber inlet 131 is determined by whether or not the indication of the pressure gauge 5 is changed.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the method for rapidly detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack comprises the following steps:
A. opening an inlet valve 2 connected with any one of a hydrogen cavity inlet 111, a water cavity inlet 121 and an air cavity inlet 131, injecting nitrogen into any one of a hydrogen cavity 11, a water cavity 12 and an air cavity 13 through a nitrogen injection device 3, closing the opened inlet valve 2, recording the initial value of a pressure gauge 5 at an outlet valve 4 connected with the nitrogen injection cavity, and recording the value of the pressure gauge 5 again after a set time interval; if the value is different from the initial value, the cavity filled with nitrogen has the air leakage phenomenon; if the value is the same as the initial value, executing the next step;
B. sequentially opening outlet valves 4 connected with the remaining two cavities without nitrogen injection in the hydrogen cavity 11, the water cavity 12 and the air cavity 13, and recording the numerical value of a pressure gauge 5 at the outlet valve 4 connected with the cavity with nitrogen injection, wherein if the numerical value is different from the initial numerical value, the serial leakage phenomenon exists in the cavities with nitrogen injection in the hydrogen cavity 11, the water cavity 12 and the air cavity 13 and the cavity connected with the opening outlet valve 4; if the value is the same as the initial value, opening an outlet valve 4 connected with a cavity filled with nitrogen, and evacuating the nitrogen in the cavity;
C. and (3) repeating the steps A and B to inject nitrogen into the remaining two cavities of the hydrogen cavity 11, the water cavity 12 and the air cavity 13 until the hydrogen cavity 11, the water cavity 12 and the air cavity 13 all complete the detection process.
The step A specifically comprises the following steps:
and B, opening a first inlet valve 21, introducing nitrogen into the hydrogen cavity 11 through a high-pressure nitrogen bottle 31, closing the first inlet valve 21, recording an initial value after the indication of the first pressure gauge 51 is stable, observing the indication value of the first pressure gauge 51 again after a set time interval, comparing the indication value with the initial value, judging that the hydrogen cavity 11 has the air leakage phenomenon if the compared value changes, and executing the step B if the compared value remains unchanged.
The step B specifically comprises the following steps:
after the second outlet valve 42 is opened and a set time is set, the value indicated by the first pressure gauge 51 is observed, the recorded value is compared with the initial value, and if the compared value changes, the phenomenon of serial leakage between the hydrogen cavity 11 and the water cavity 12 is judged; if the comparison value remains unchanged, the second outlet valve 42 is closed, the third outlet valve 43 is opened, after a set time is set, the value represented by the first pressure gauge 51 is observed, the recorded value is compared with the initial value, if the comparison value changes, the phenomenon of leakage between the hydrogen cavity 11 and the air cavity 13 is judged, if the comparison value remains unchanged, the first outlet valve 41 is opened, the nitrogen in the hydrogen cavity 11 is emptied, the pressure gauge 5 connected with the hydrogen cavity 11 is reset to zero, and the step C is executed.
Specifically, the interval setting time is 8-15min.
In detail, in step a, nitrogen gas at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure is injected into any one of the hydrogen chamber 11, the water chamber 12 and the air chamber 13 by the nitrogen gas injection device 3.
The method for rapidly detecting the fuel cell stack serial leakage is further described in the following steps:
s1, opening a first inlet valve 21, introducing nitrogen higher than atmospheric pressure into a hydrogen cavity 11 through a high-pressure nitrogen bottle 31, closing the first inlet valve 21, recording an indication value X after the indication of a first pressure gauge 51 is stable, after waiting for 10 minutes, observing the indication value of the first pressure gauge 51 and comparing with the recorded value X, if the comparison value changes, judging that a leakage phenomenon exists in the fuel cell stack 1, if the comparison value remains unchanged, opening a second outlet valve 42, after waiting for 10 minutes, observing the indication value of the first pressure gauge 51 and comparing with the recorded value X, if the comparison value changes, judging that a serial leakage phenomenon exists between the hydrogen cavity 11 and a water cavity 12, if the comparison value remains unchanged, closing a second outlet valve 42, opening a third outlet valve 43, after waiting for 10 minutes, observing the indication value of the first pressure gauge 51 and comparing with the recorded value X, if the comparison value changes, judging that a serial leakage phenomenon exists between the hydrogen cavity 11 and an air cavity 132, and executing the step S2.
Closing the third outlet valve 43, opening the first outlet valve 41, closing the first outlet valve 41 when the first pressure gauge 51 shows that the value is 0, opening the third inlet valve 23, introducing nitrogen gas higher than the atmospheric pressure into the water cavity 12 through the high-pressure nitrogen gas bottle 31, closing the third inlet valve 23, recording the value Y after the third pressure gauge 53 shows stable, waiting for 10 minutes, observing the value shown by the third pressure gauge 53 and comparing with the recorded value Y after waiting for 10 minutes, judging that the leakage phenomenon exists in the fuel cell stack 1 if the compared value changes, opening the second outlet valve 42 if the compared value keeps unchanged, observing the value shown by the third pressure gauge 53 after waiting for 10 minutes, comparing with the recorded value Y, judging that the leakage phenomenon exists between the air cavity 132 and the water cavity 12, closing the second outlet valve 42 if the compared value keeps unchanged, opening the first outlet valve 41, observing the value shown by the third pressure gauge 53 after waiting for 10 minutes, and comparing with the recorded value Y to show that the leakage phenomenon exists in the air cavity 132 when the compared value shows no leakage phenomenon exists, and finally judging that the leakage phenomenon exists between the third pressure gauge 53 and the third outlet valve 11 when the compared value shows that the hydrogen gas cavity has no leakage phenomenon exists, and the value is detected, and the value is 0.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Although terms such as the fuel cell stack 1, the hydrogen chamber 11, the hydrogen chamber inlet 111, the hydrogen chamber outlet 112, the water chamber 12, the water chamber inlet 121, the water chamber outlet 122, the air chamber 13, the air chamber inlet 131, the air chamber outlet 132, the inlet valve 2, the first inlet valve 21, the second inlet valve 22, the third inlet valve 23, the nitrogen injection device 3, the high-pressure nitrogen gas cylinder 31, the pressure reducing valve 32, the outlet valve 4, the first outlet valve 41, the second outlet valve 42, the third outlet valve 43, the pressure gauge 5, the first pressure gauge 51, the second pressure gauge 52, the third pressure gauge 53, etc. are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention; they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation that is not inconsistent with the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The system comprises a fuel cell stack (1) with a hydrogen cavity (11), a water cavity (12) and an air cavity (13) which are independent of each other, wherein the hydrogen cavity (11) is provided with a hydrogen cavity inlet (111) and a hydrogen cavity outlet (112) which are communicated with each other, the water cavity (12) is provided with a water cavity inlet (121) and a water cavity outlet (122) which are communicated with each other, and the air cavity (13) is provided with an air cavity inlet (131) and an air cavity outlet (132) which are communicated with each other, and the system is characterized in that the hydrogen cavity inlet (111), the water cavity inlet (121) and the air cavity inlet (131) are respectively connected with an inlet valve (2), the inlet valves (2) are respectively connected with a nitrogen injection device (3), the hydrogen cavity outlet (112), the water cavity outlet (122) and the air cavity outlet (132) are respectively connected with an outlet valve (4), and a pressure gauge (5) is arranged between the hydrogen cavity outlet (112) and the outlet valve (4), and the water cavity outlet (122) and the air cavity outlet (132) respectively;
the detection method comprises the following steps:
A. opening an inlet valve (2) connected with any one of a hydrogen cavity inlet (111), a water cavity inlet (121) and an air cavity inlet (131), injecting nitrogen into any one of a hydrogen cavity (11), a water cavity (12) and an air cavity (13) through a nitrogen injection device (3), closing the opened inlet valve (2), recording the initial value of a pressure gauge (5) at an outlet valve (4) connected with the nitrogen injection cavity, and recording the value of the pressure gauge (5) again after a set time interval; if the value is different from the initial value, the cavity filled with nitrogen has the air leakage phenomenon; if the value is the same as the initial value, executing the next step;
B. sequentially opening outlet valves (4) connected with the remaining two cavities without nitrogen injection in the hydrogen cavity (11), the water cavity (12) and the air cavity (13), and recording the numerical value of a pressure gauge (5) at the outlet valve (4) connected with the cavity with nitrogen injection, wherein if the numerical value is different from the initial numerical value, the serial leakage phenomenon exists in the cavities with nitrogen injection in the hydrogen cavity (11), the water cavity (12) and the air cavity (13) and the cavities connected with the opening outlet valve (4); if the value is the same as the initial value, opening an outlet valve (4) connected with a cavity filled with nitrogen, and evacuating the nitrogen in the cavity;
C. the steps A and B are repeated, and nitrogen is injected into the remaining two cavities of the hydrogen cavity (11), the water cavity (12) and the air cavity (13) until the hydrogen cavity (11), the water cavity (12) and the air cavity (13) all complete the detection process;
wherein the interval setting time is 8-15min.
2. The method for quickly detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen injection device (3) comprises a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder (31), and the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder (31) is respectively connected with an inlet valve (2) connected with the hydrogen cavity inlet (111), the water cavity inlet (121) and the air cavity inlet (131) in parallel through a pressure reducing valve (32).
3. The method for quickly detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack according to claim 2, wherein the hydrogen cavity inlet (111) and the hydrogen cavity outlet (112) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two sides of the upper end of the fuel cell stack (1), the water cavity inlet (121) and the water cavity outlet (122) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two sides of the middle part of the fuel cell stack (1), and the air cavity inlet (131) and the air cavity outlet (132) are respectively and correspondingly arranged at two sides of the lower end of the fuel cell stack (1).
4. The method for quickly detecting a stack leakage according to claim 1, wherein the inlet valve (2) is divided into a first inlet valve (21), a second inlet valve (22) and a third inlet valve (23), the first inlet valve (21) is connected with the hydrogen chamber inlet (111), the second inlet valve (22) is connected with the water chamber inlet (121), and the third inlet valve (23) is connected with the air chamber inlet (131); the outlet valve (4) is divided into a first outlet valve (41), a second outlet valve (42) and a third outlet valve (43), the first outlet valve (41) is connected with the hydrogen cavity outlet (112), the second outlet valve (42) is connected with the water cavity outlet (122), and the third outlet valve (43) is connected with the air cavity outlet (132).
5. The method for quickly detecting a leakage of a fuel cell stack according to claim 4, wherein a first pressure gauge (51) is arranged between the first outlet valve (41) and the hydrogen cavity outlet (112), a second pressure gauge (52) is arranged between the second outlet valve (42) and the water cavity outlet (122), and a third pressure gauge (53) is arranged between the third outlet valve (43) and the air cavity outlet (132).
6. The method for quickly detecting a leakage of a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein said step a specifically comprises:
and D, opening a first inlet valve (21), introducing nitrogen into the hydrogen cavity (11) through a high-pressure nitrogen cylinder (31), closing the first inlet valve (21), recording an initial value after the indication of the first pressure gauge (51) is stable, observing the indication value of the first pressure gauge (51) again after a set time interval, comparing the indication value with the initial value, judging that the hydrogen cavity (11) has a gas leakage phenomenon if the compared value changes, and executing the step B if the compared value remains unchanged.
7. The method for rapidly detecting a stack leakage according to claim 6, wherein said step B specifically comprises:
after the second outlet valve (42) is opened for a set time interval, the value shown by the first pressure gauge (51) is observed, the recorded value is compared with the initial value, and if the compared value changes, the phenomenon of serial leakage exists between the hydrogen cavity (11) and the water cavity (12);
if the comparison value is unchanged, the second outlet valve (42) is closed, the third outlet valve (43) is opened, after a set time is set, the value shown by the first pressure gauge (51) is observed, the recorded value is compared with the initial value, if the comparison value is changed, the phenomenon of leakage between the hydrogen cavity (11) and the air cavity (13) is judged, if the comparison value is unchanged, the first outlet valve (41) is opened, nitrogen in the hydrogen cavity (11) is emptied, the pressure gauge (5) connected with the hydrogen cavity (11) is reset, and the step C is executed.
8. The method for rapidly detecting a stack leakage according to claim 7, wherein in the step a, nitrogen gas higher than atmospheric pressure is injected into any one of the hydrogen gas chamber (11), the water chamber (12) and the air chamber (13) through the nitrogen gas injection device (3).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911264872.8A CN111129549B (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | System and method for rapidly detecting fuel cell stack serial leakage |
| PCT/CN2019/125071 WO2021114209A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-13 | System and method for rapidly detecting series leakage of fuel cell stack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911264872.8A CN111129549B (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | System and method for rapidly detecting fuel cell stack serial leakage |
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| CN111811750B (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2024-08-09 | 深圳国氢新能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell leakage detection device |
| CN114597456B (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2023-11-07 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Safety detection device and method for galvanic pile system |
| CN114323466A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate leakage detection device and method |
| CN115000456B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2024-06-11 | 亿创氢能源科技(张家港)有限公司 | Pile short circuit test method in fuel cell system |
| CN118130017B (en) * | 2024-05-07 | 2024-07-23 | 宁波绿动燃料电池有限公司 | System and method for detecting tightness of air leakage in fuel cell stack |
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| CN104180958A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-03 | 上海韦宁新能源科技发展有限公司 | Device and method for testing fuel cell stack leakage rate |
| CN108120568A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-05 | 同济大学 | A kind of fuel cell pile air-tightness care testing device |
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| CN104180958A (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2014-12-03 | 上海韦宁新能源科技发展有限公司 | Device and method for testing fuel cell stack leakage rate |
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