CN115882010A - Fuel cell and method for detecting airtightness thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell and method for detecting airtightness thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115882010A CN115882010A CN202111142918.6A CN202111142918A CN115882010A CN 115882010 A CN115882010 A CN 115882010A CN 202111142918 A CN202111142918 A CN 202111142918A CN 115882010 A CN115882010 A CN 115882010A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M8/1231—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The application provides a fuel cell and a gas tightness detection method thereof. The fuel cell includes: a raw material gas supply system for supplying a raw material gas to the fuel cell, the hydrogen supply line and the nitrogen supply line being connected in series with the raw material gas master cut valve; the air tightness testing system comprises a first stop valve, an air tightness detector and a second stop valve which are connected in sequence; and, a fuel cell stack under test; the feed gas supply system is connected with the air tightness test system in parallel and is communicated with an anode inlet of the fuel cell stack to be tested. This fuel cell's positive pole import can detect gaseous air supply intercommunication with the gas tightness to guarantee that the positive pole is in non-oxidizing atmosphere environment under the high temperature, avoid anodic oxidation, avoid the anode structure to change, avoid influencing the output performance of galvanic pile, avoid causing the battery piece to break, leak in order to avoid the galvanic pile, thereby detect the gas tightness of the fuel cell galvanic pile that awaits measuring under high temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a fuel cell and an air tightness detection method thereof.
Background
The high-temperature Fuel Cell refers to a Fuel Cell capable of operating under a high-temperature condition, for example, a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) operating at 600-1000 ℃, and the airtightness of a stack of the Fuel Cell at a high temperature is different from that at a low temperature, and the airtightness of the stack has a great influence on the output performance of the stack.
But the detection of the gas tightness of the stack of the fuel cell at high temperature is very difficult. Firstly, it must be ensured that the anode must be in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at high temperatures; otherwise, the anode may be oxidized to cause local thermal stress, which causes structural change of the anode, affecting the output performance of the stack, and even causing the cell to break, resulting in internal leakage of the stack. Moreover, the galvanic pile is very sensitive to pressure and pressure difference at high temperature, so that the airtightness detection of the galvanic pile at high temperature needs to make a control strategy for anode gas and galvanic pile pressure. According to the pressure-bearing performance of different galvanic stacks, the pressure difference between the anode inlet and the cathode inlet, the pressure difference between the anode inlet and the anode outlet, and the pressure difference between the cathode inlet and the cathode outlet are generally required to be below a certain pressure value, for example, 10KPa, and an excessively high pressure or pressure difference may affect the cell and the sealing material, possibly cause the cell to crack, and cause internal leakage or external leakage of the galvanic stack.
The fuel cell and the air tightness detection method in the prior art often do not show whether the fuel cell can be used at high temperature. It should not be applicable to high temperature sensing environments, provided it does not have an anode gas supply control strategy and a differential pressure control strategy suitable for high temperatures. In addition, although the fuel cell and the air tightness detection method thereof in the prior art can complete all air tightness detection through one-time installation, the interface does not need to be disassembled and adjusted midway, and some cavities can detect leakage of each cavity and inner channeling among the cavities. However, it cannot realize online detection, i.e., stop the operation of the fuel cell during the operation of the fuel cell, perform the air-tightness test, and then continue the operation of the fuel cell without going through the processes of temperature rise and temperature drop.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present application provides a fuel cell and a method for detecting air tightness thereof. This fuel cell's positive pole import can detect gaseous air supply intercommunication with the gas tightness to guarantee that the positive pole is in non-oxidizing atmosphere environment under the high temperature, avoid anodic oxidation, local thermal stress, avoid the anode structure to change, avoid influencing the output performance of galvanic pile, avoid causing the battery piece to break, leak in order to avoid the galvanic pile, thereby detect the gas tightness of the fuel cell galvanic pile that awaits measuring under high temperature. Meanwhile, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, then the operation of the fuel cell is continued, and the temperature rise and the temperature drop processes are not needed.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell comprising: the feed gas supply system is used for supplying feed gas to the fuel cell and comprises feed gas supply branch lines which are connected in parallel, and each feed gas supply branch line is connected with the feed gas main stop valve in series; a branch stop valve is arranged on the raw material gas supply branch line; the gas tightness testing system comprises a first stop valve, a gas tightness detector and a second stop valve which are connected in sequence, wherein the first stop valve is arranged close to a gas source of gas tightness detection gas and is positioned at the downstream of the gas source of the gas tightness detection gas; the anode outlet of the fuel cell stack to be tested is provided with an anode outlet stop valve; and the feed gas supply system is connected with the airtightness testing system in parallel and is communicated with an anode inlet of the fuel cell stack to be tested. By utilizing the fuel cell, the anode inlet of the fuel cell can be communicated with the gas source of the gas tightness detection gas, so that the anode is ensured to be in a non-oxidizing atmosphere environment at high temperature, anode oxidation and local thermal stress are avoided, structural change of the anode is avoided, the output performance of a galvanic pile is avoided being influenced, the cell piece is prevented from being broken, inner leakage of the galvanic pile is avoided, and the gas tightness of the galvanic pile of the fuel cell to be detected is detected at high temperature. Meanwhile, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, then the operation of the fuel cell is continued, and the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction are not needed.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the feed gas supply system comprises a hydrogen supply line and a nitrogen supply line in parallel, the hydrogen supply line and the nitrogen supply line being in series with the feed gas main shut-off valve; a hydrogen stop valve is arranged at the position of the hydrogen supply pipeline close to the hydrogen source; and a nitrogen stop valve is arranged at the position of the nitrogen supply pipeline, which is close to the nitrogen source.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the anode inlet and the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack under test are provided with an anode inlet pressure sensor and a cathode inlet pressure sensor, respectively. Through this embodiment, be provided with positive pole import pressure sensor and negative pole import pressure sensor respectively at the positive pole import of the fuel cell pile that awaits measuring and negative pole import, can the differential pressure of real-time supervision positive pole import and negative pole import, be favorable to avoiding too high pressure or differential pressure can exert an influence to battery piece and sealing material, be favorable to avoiding the battery piece to break to be favorable to avoiding leaking in or leaking outward of pile.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, a pressure reducing valve, a pressure sensor and an expansion tank are disposed between the air tightness detector and the second stop valve. Through this embodiment, the dilatation jar can supply gas tightness detection gas for the positive pole in the fuel cell pile that awaits measuring, can guarantee the positive pressure in the positive pole cavity, protection pile positive pole.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the cathode inlet and the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack under test are provided with a cathode inlet shutoff valve and a cathode outlet shutoff valve, respectively. Through this embodiment, through set up cathode inlet stop valve and cathode outlet stop valve respectively at the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack that awaits measuring and cathode outlet, can successfully acquire the outer leakage quantity of the fuel cell stack that awaits measuring to can utilize the whole leakage quantity of leaking of the fuel cell stack that awaits measuring and the outer leakage quantity of leaking of the fuel cell stack that awaits measuring to acquire the inner leakage quantity of the fuel cell stack that awaits measuring.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve and a hydrogen mass flow meter are arranged downstream of the hydrogen stop valve, and pressure sensors are arranged on two sides of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve; a nitrogen pressure reducing valve and a nitrogen mass flowmeter are arranged at the downstream of the nitrogen stop valve, and pressure sensors are arranged on two sides of the nitrogen pressure reducing valve; and an air tightness gas reducing valve is arranged between the first stop valve and the air tightness detector, and pressure sensors are arranged on two sides of the air tightness gas reducing valve. With this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the supply amount of hydrogen, nitrogen, or airtightness detection gas, and to accurately adjust and control the supply amount thereof, as needed.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the tightness test gas consists of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the hydrogen content is between 5 and 20%. By this embodiment, it is ensured that the airtightness detection gas is a non-oxidizing gas.
In one embodiment of the first aspect, the fuel cell further comprises a control system to effect automatic control of the fuel cell. By the implementation mode, the automatic control of the fuel cell is facilitated, and the safety of the fuel cell stack to be tested is ensured.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for detecting airtightness of a fuel cell according to the first aspect or any one of the embodiments thereof, the method comprising the steps of: before the air tightness detection, the fuel cell stack to be detected is in a working state, at the moment, the raw material gas supply system supplies raw material gas to an anode inlet of the fuel cell stack to be detected, the branch line stop valve and the raw material gas main stop valve are in an open state, and the anode outlet stop valve is in an open state; after the reaction, gas is discharged from an anode outlet; air enters the fuel cell stack to be tested from a cathode inlet and is discharged from a cathode outlet; during the air tightness test, firstly enabling the fuel cell stack to be tested to be in an open-circuit voltage state, closing the branch line stop valve and the raw material gas main stop valve, and simultaneously opening the first stop valve and the second stop valve, wherein at the moment, the air tightness detector is in a pressure maintaining mode so as to purge the anode of the fuel cell stack to be tested; after purging is finished, closing the first stop valve and the anode outlet stop valve, and performing air tightness detection, wherein at the moment, the air tightness detector is in a detection mode to detect the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected; after the detection is finished, if the air tightness detection is qualified, the second stop valve is closed, and the branch line stop valve, the feed gas main stop valve and the anode outlet stop valve are opened, so that the fuel cell stack to be detected returns to the working state. By utilizing the detection method, during detection, the anode inlet of the fuel cell can be communicated with the gas source of the gas tightness detection gas, so that the anode is ensured to be in a non-oxidizing atmosphere environment at high temperature, anode oxidation and local thermal stress are avoided, structural change of the anode is avoided, the output performance of the galvanic pile is avoided being influenced, the cell piece is prevented from being broken, internal leakage of the galvanic pile is avoided, and the gas tightness of the galvanic pile of the fuel cell to be detected is detected at high temperature. Meanwhile, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, then the operation of the fuel cell is continued, and the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction are not needed.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, when the fuel cell stack to be tested is in an operating state, both the cathode inlet cut-off valve and the cathode outlet cut-off valve are in an open state; and when the integral leakage quantity of the fuel cell stack to be detected is detected, after purging is finished, the cathode inlet stop valve and the cathode outlet stop valve are in an open state. Through the embodiment, the whole leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested can be successfully acquired.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, when detecting the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested, after the purging is finished, the cathode inlet stop valve and the cathode outlet stop valve are closed; the internal leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected is the difference between the whole leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected and the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected. By the implementation mode, the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested can be successfully obtained, and the internal leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested can be obtained by utilizing the whole leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested and the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, in detecting the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack under test, the expansion tank supplies a gas tightness detection gas to the anode of the fuel cell stack under test through the second stop valve; the volume of the expansion tank is larger than the volume of the anode chamber. Through this embodiment, the dilatation jar can supply gas tightness detection gas for the positive pole in the fuel cell pile that awaits measuring, can guarantee the positive pressure in the positive pole cavity, protection pile positive pole.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, during the detection, the leakage amount is found to exceed the volume of the anode chamber, the detection is immediately stopped, the airtightness detector is switched to the pressure maintaining mode, and the first stop valve and the anode outlet stop valve are opened. Through this embodiment, after leaking the leakage quantity and surpassing the positive pole cavity volume, sweep the positive pole of the fuel cell pile that awaits measuring at once, guarantee that the positive pole is in non-oxidizing atmosphere environment under the high temperature, avoid anodic oxidation, local thermal stress, avoid the anode structure to change, avoid influencing the output performance of pile, avoid causing the battery piece to break to leak in avoiding the pile, thereby detect the gas tightness of the fuel cell pile that awaits measuring under high temperature.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, in the purging state, readings of the pressure sensor between the expansion tank and the air-tightness detector and readings of the anode inlet pressure sensor are both smaller than a preset pressure value, a difference value between the readings of the anode inlet pressure sensor and the readings of the cathode inlet pressure sensor is smaller than a preset pressure difference, and an outlet pressure of the air-tightness detector in the pressure maintaining state is a preset pressure value; after purging is finished, when the readings of the pressure sensor between the expansion tank and the air tightness detector and the readings of the anode inlet pressure sensor are stabilized at preset pressure values, the air tightness detector is switched to a detection mode from a pressure maintaining mode. Through this embodiment, through each pressure and pressure differential of real-time supervision, be favorable to avoiding too high pressure or pressure differential can exert an influence to battery piece and sealing material, be favorable to avoiding the battery piece to break to be favorable to avoiding the interior hourglass or the outer hourglass of galvanic pile.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are set according to the pressure-bearing characteristics of different fuel cell stacks to be tested; the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are not higher than 10KPa. Through the embodiment, the influence of overhigh pressure or pressure difference on the battery piece and the sealing material is favorably avoided, the breakage of the battery piece is favorably avoided, and the internal leakage or the external leakage of the electric pile is favorably avoided.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are both between 3 and 5 KPa. Through the embodiment, the influence of overhigh pressure or pressure difference on the battery piece and the sealing material can be further avoided, the breakage of the battery piece can be avoided, and the internal leakage or the external leakage of the electric pile can be avoided.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, the control system is in communication with the hydrogen stop valve, the nitrogen stop valve, the raw material gas master stop valve, the anode outlet stop valve, the first stop valve, the second stop valve, the cathode inlet stop valve, the cathode outlet stop valve, the pressure reducing valve, the pressure sensor, the hydrogen mass flow meter, the nitrogen mass flow meter, and the air tightness detector, thereby achieving automatic control of the fuel cell. By the implementation mode, the automatic control of the fuel cell is facilitated, and the safety of the fuel cell stack to be tested is ensured.
In one embodiment of the second aspect, the control system alarms when the pressure is higher than a preset pressure value or when the pressure difference is higher than a preset pressure difference, so as to ensure the safety of the fuel cell stack to be tested. By the embodiment, the safety of the fuel cell stack to be tested is further ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell and the air tightness detection method thereof have the following beneficial effects.
1. By utilizing the fuel cell, the anode inlet of the fuel cell can be communicated with the gas source of the gas tightness detection gas, so that the anode is ensured to be in a non-oxidizing atmosphere environment at high temperature, anode oxidation and local thermal stress are avoided, structural change of the anode is avoided, the output performance of the galvanic pile is avoided being influenced, the cell piece is prevented from being broken, inner leakage of the galvanic pile is avoided, and the gas tightness of the galvanic pile of the fuel cell to be detected is detected at high temperature. Meanwhile, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, then the operation of the fuel cell is continued, and the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction are not needed.
2. Each pressure and pressure difference are monitored in real time, the influence of overhigh pressure or pressure difference on the cell and the sealing material is avoided, the cell is prevented from being broken, and therefore internal leakage or external leakage of the galvanic pile is avoided. Meanwhile, the supply amount of hydrogen, nitrogen or gas tightness detection gas can be reduced and accurately adjusted and controlled as required.
3. The cathode inlet stop valve and the cathode outlet stop valve are respectively arranged at the cathode inlet and the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack to be tested, so that the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested can be successfully obtained, and the internal leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested can be obtained by utilizing the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested and the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be tested.
4. The expansion tank can supplement gas tightness detection gas for the anode in the fuel cell stack to be detected, so that positive pressure in the anode cavity can be ensured, and the anode of the stack is protected.
The technical features mentioned above can be combined in various suitable ways or replaced by equivalent technical features as long as the purpose of the invention can be achieved.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
List of reference numerals:
1-hydrogen stop valve; 2-a pressure sensor; 3-a pressure reducing valve; 5-hydrogen mass flow meter; 6-nitrogen stop valve; 10-nitrogen mass flow meter; 11-a raw material gas total stop valve; 12-a first stop valve; 16-air tightness detector; 19-a flash tank; 20-a second stop valve; 21-anode inlet pressure sensor; 22-anode outlet stop valve; 23-electric pile; 24-cathode inlet shutoff valve; 25-cathode outlet cut-off valve; 26-cathode inlet pressure sensor.
In the drawings, like parts are given like reference numerals. The drawings are not to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell including: a raw material gas supply system for supplying a raw material gas to the fuel cell, which includes a hydrogen supply line and a nitrogen supply line connected in parallel, the hydrogen supply line and the nitrogen supply line being connected in series to the raw material gas total shutoff valve 11; a hydrogen stop valve 1 is arranged at the position of the hydrogen supply pipeline close to the hydrogen source; a nitrogen stop valve 6 is arranged at the position of the nitrogen supply pipeline, which is close to the nitrogen source; the air tightness testing system comprises a first stop valve 12, an air tightness detector 16 and a second stop valve 20 which are connected in sequence, wherein the first stop valve 12 is arranged close to the air source of the air tightness detection gas and is positioned at the downstream of the air source of the air tightness detection gas; and a fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, the anode outlet of which is provided with an anode outlet stop valve 22; wherein, the raw material gas supply system is connected with the air tightness test system in parallel and is communicated with the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
The hot zone in fig. 1 refers to the high temperature region of the fuel cell, in which the stack 23 is located.
In the prior art, the air tightness of the electric pile 23 of the fuel cell at high temperature is very difficult to detect, and the existing air tightness detection method cannot ensure that the anode environment at high temperature is a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The anode is oxidized inevitably, so that local thermal stress is caused, the structural change of the anode is inevitable, the output performance of the electric pile 23 is influenced, and even the cell is broken, so that the electric pile 23 leaks.
The fuel cell of the embodiment comprises an air tightness testing system, wherein an anode inlet of the fuel cell can be communicated with an air source of air tightness detection gas, so that the anode is ensured to be in a non-oxidizing atmosphere environment at high temperature, anode oxidation and local thermal stress are avoided, the structural change of the anode is avoided, the output performance of the electric pile 23 is avoided being influenced, the cell piece is prevented from being broken, internal leakage of the electric pile 23 is avoided, and the air tightness of the electric pile 23 of the fuel cell to be detected is detected at high temperature; wherein the gas tightness detection gas is a non-oxidizing gas.
Meanwhile, the existing fuel cell can not realize on-line detection, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, and then the operation of the fuel cell is continued without the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction.
The feed gas supply system of the fuel cell of the present embodiment is connected in parallel to the airtightness testing system and communicates with the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
Before the air tightness detection, the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected is in a working state, at the moment, the feed gas supply system supplies hydrogen and nitrogen to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6 and the feed gas total stop valve 11 are in an open state, and the anode outlet stop valve 22 is in an open state; after the reaction, gas is discharged from an anode outlet; air enters the fuel cell stack 23 under test from the cathode inlet and exits the cathode outlet.
During the air tightness test, firstly, the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is in an open circuit voltage state, the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6 and the raw material gas main stop valve 11 are closed, meanwhile, the first stop valve 12 and the second stop valve 20 are opened, and air tightness detection gas is supplied to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, wherein the air tightness detection gas is non-oxidizing gas. At this time, the airtightness detector 16 is in the pressure maintaining mode to purge the anode of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
After the purging is finished, the first stop valve 12 and the anode outlet stop valve 22 are closed to perform the air tightness detection, and at this time, the air tightness detector 16 is switched to the detection mode to detect the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected.
After the detection is finished, if the air tightness detection is qualified, the second stop valve 20 is closed, and the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6, the feed gas total stop valve 11 and the anode outlet stop valve 22 are opened so that the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected returns to the working state.
Obviously, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, and then the operation of the fuel cell is continued without the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction.
Utilize this fuel cell, this fuel cell's positive pole import can detect gaseous air supply intercommunication with the gas tightness to guarantee that the positive pole is in non-oxidizing atmosphere environment under the high temperature, avoid anodic oxidation, local thermal stress, avoid the anode structure to change, avoid influencing the output performance of galvanic pile 23, avoid causing the battery piece to break, in order to avoid the galvanic pile 23 internal leakage, thereby detect the gas tightness of fuel cell galvanic pile 23 that awaits measuring under the high temperature. Meanwhile, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, then the operation of the fuel cell is continued, and the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction are not needed.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the anode inlet and the cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 under test are provided with an anode inlet pressure sensor 21 and a cathode inlet pressure sensor 26, respectively.
The stack 23 is very sensitive to pressure and pressure difference at high temperature, but the prior art does not make a control strategy for anode gas and stack 23 pressure at high temperature. Depending on the pressure-bearing performance of the different stacks 23, it is generally required that the pressure difference between the anode inlet and the cathode inlet, the pressure difference between the anode inlet and the anode outlet, and the pressure difference between the cathode inlet and the cathode outlet are below a certain pressure value, for example, 10KPa. In the prior art, since a differential pressure control strategy suitable for high temperature is not available, too high pressure or differential pressure can affect the cell plates and the sealing material, and the cell plates can be broken, so that internal leakage or external leakage of the electric pile 23 can be caused.
Through this embodiment, be provided with positive pole import pressure sensor 21 and negative pole import pressure sensor 26 respectively at the positive pole import and the negative pole import of fuel cell pile 23 that awaits measuring, can real-time supervision positive pole import and negative pole import's pressure differential, be favorable to avoiding too high pressure or pressure differential can exert an influence to battery piece and sealing material, be favorable to avoiding the battery piece to break to be favorable to avoiding leaking or leaking outward of electric pile 23.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a pressure reducing valve 3, a pressure sensor 2, and a flash tank 19 are provided between the airtightness detector 16 and the second stop valve 20.
When detecting the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, the expansion tank 19 supplies gas tightness detection gas to the anode of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected through the second stop valve 20; to ensure that the anode is in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at high temperature, the volume of the expansion tank 19 is greater than the volume of the anode chamber.
Preferably, the volume of the flash tank 19 is greater than the total volume of the anode flow channels in the fuel cell stack 23 under test.
During the gas tightness detection, even if the leakage amount of the anode in the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected is large and the original gas tightness detection gas in the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected is completely leaked, the expansion tank 19 is arranged, so that the expansion tank 19 can supplement the gas tightness detection gas for the anode in the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, the positive pressure in the anode cavity can be ensured, and the anode of the stack 23 is protected.
Through the embodiment, the expansion tank 19 can supply the anode in the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested with gas tightness detection gas, so that positive pressure in the anode cavity can be ensured, and the anode of the stack 23 can be protected.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the cathode inlet and the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack 23 under test are provided with a cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and a cathode outlet cut-off valve 25, respectively.
When detecting the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 are in an open state to obtain the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
When detecting the leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 are in a closed state to obtain the leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
The internal leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is the difference between the overall leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested and the external leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
With this embodiment, by providing the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 at the cathode inlet and the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, respectively, the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested can be successfully obtained, and the internal leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested can be obtained by using the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested and the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen pressure reducing valve 3 and a hydrogen mass flow meter 5 are provided downstream of the hydrogen shut-off valve 1, and pressure sensors 2 are provided on both sides of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve 3; a nitrogen pressure reducing valve 3 and a nitrogen mass flowmeter 10 are arranged at the downstream of the nitrogen stop valve 6, and pressure sensors 2 are arranged on two sides of the nitrogen pressure reducing valve 3; an airtight gas reducing valve 3 is arranged between the first stop valve 12 and the airtight detector 16, and pressure sensors 2 are arranged on two sides of the airtight gas reducing valve 3.
With this embodiment, it is possible to reduce the supply amount of hydrogen, nitrogen, or airtightness detection gas, and to accurately adjust and control the supply amount thereof, as needed.
In one embodiment, the tightness detection gas consists of nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the hydrogen content is between 5 and 20%.
By this embodiment, it is ensured that the airtightness detection gas is a non-oxidizing gas.
In one embodiment, the fuel cell further comprises a control system to effect automatic control of the fuel cell.
By the embodiment, the automatic control of the fuel cell is facilitated, and the safety of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is ensured.
The embodiment also provides a method for detecting the air tightness of the fuel cell, which comprises the following steps: before the air tightness detection, the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected is in a working state, at the moment, the feed gas supply system supplies hydrogen and nitrogen to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6 and the feed gas total stop valve 11 are in an open state, and the anode outlet stop valve 22 is in an open state; after the reaction, the gas is discharged from the outlet of the anode; air enters the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested from the cathode inlet and is discharged from the cathode outlet; during the air tightness test, firstly, the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is in an open-circuit voltage state, the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6 and the raw material gas main stop valve 11 are closed, meanwhile, the first stop valve 12 and the second stop valve 20 are opened, and at the moment, the air tightness detector 16 is in a pressure maintaining mode to purge the anode of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested; after purging is finished, closing the first stop valve 12 and the anode outlet stop valve 22, and performing air tightness detection, wherein at the moment, the air tightness detector 16 is in a detection mode to detect the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected; after the detection is finished, if the air tightness detection is qualified, the second stop valve 20 is closed, and the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6, the feed gas total stop valve 11 and the anode outlet stop valve 22 are opened so that the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected returns to the working state.
By using the detection method, during detection, the anode inlet of the fuel cell can be communicated with the gas source of the gas tightness detection gas, so that the anode is ensured to be in a non-oxidizing atmosphere environment at high temperature, anode oxidation and local thermal stress are avoided, structural change of the anode is avoided, the output performance of the electric pile 23 is avoided being influenced, the cell piece is prevented from being broken, internal leakage of the electric pile 23 is avoided, and the gas tightness of the electric pile 23 of the fuel cell to be detected is detected at high temperature. Meanwhile, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, then the operation of the fuel cell is continued, and the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction are not needed.
In one embodiment, when the fuel cell stack 23 under test is in an operating state, both the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 are in an open state; when detecting the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be measured, the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 are in an open state after the purging is finished.
When detecting the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 are in an open state to obtain the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
With this embodiment, the entire leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be measured can be successfully obtained.
In one embodiment, when detecting the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, after the purging is finished, the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 are closed; the internal leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is the difference between the overall leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested and the external leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
By this embodiment, the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested can be successfully obtained, and the internal leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested can be obtained by using the entire leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested and the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
In one embodiment, in detecting the amount of leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 under test, the expansion tank 19 supplies the anode of the fuel cell stack 23 under test with the gas tightness detection gas through the second stop valve 20; the volume of the expansion tank 19 is greater than the anode chamber volume.
Through the embodiment, the expansion tank 19 can supply the anode in the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested with gas tightness detection gas, so that positive pressure in the anode cavity can be ensured, and the anode of the stack 23 can be protected.
In one embodiment, during the test, when the leakage is found to exceed the anode chamber volume, the test is immediately stopped, the air-tightness detector 16 switches to the pressure holding mode, and the first stop valve 12 and the anode outlet stop valve 22 are opened.
Through this embodiment, after the leakage quantity surpassed the anode cavity volume, sweep the positive pole of fuel cell pile 23 that awaits measuring at once, guarantee that the positive pole is in non-oxidizing atmosphere environment under the high temperature, avoid anodic oxidation, local thermal stress, avoid the anode structure to change, avoid influencing the output performance of pile 23, avoid causing the battery piece to break to leak in avoiding pile 23, thereby detect the gas tightness of fuel cell pile 23 that awaits measuring under the high temperature.
In one embodiment, in the purging state, the readings of the pressure sensor 2 and the anode inlet pressure sensor 21 between the expansion tank 19 and the air-tightness detector 16 are both smaller than a preset pressure value, the difference between the readings of the anode inlet pressure sensor 21 and the cathode inlet pressure sensor 26 is smaller than a preset pressure difference, and the outlet pressure of the air-tightness detector 16 in the pressure maintaining state is a preset pressure value; after the purging is finished, when the readings of the pressure sensor 2 and the anode inlet pressure sensor 21 between the expansion tank 19 and the airtightness detector 16 are stabilized at the preset pressure values, the airtightness detector 16 is switched from the pressure maintaining mode to the detection mode.
Through this embodiment, through each pressure and pressure differential of real-time supervision, be favorable to avoiding too high pressure or pressure differential can exert an influence to battery piece and sealing material, be favorable to avoiding the battery piece to break to be favorable to avoiding inner leakage or the outer hourglass of pile 23.
In one embodiment, the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are set according to the pressure-bearing characteristics of the fuel cell stacks 23 to be tested; the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are not higher than 10KPa.
By the embodiment, the influence of excessive pressure or pressure difference on the battery piece and the sealing material is favorably avoided, the breakage of the battery piece is favorably avoided, and the internal leakage or the external leakage of the electric pile 23 is favorably avoided.
In one embodiment, the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are both between 3 and 5 KPa.
By the embodiment, the influence of excessive pressure or pressure difference on the battery piece and the sealing material can be further avoided, the breakage of the battery piece can be avoided, and the internal leakage or the external leakage of the electric pile 23 can be avoided.
In one embodiment, the control system is in communication with the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6, the raw material gas total stop valve 11, the anode outlet stop valve 22, the first stop valve 12, the second stop valve 20, the cathode inlet stop valve 24, the cathode outlet stop valve 25, the pressure reducing valve 3, the pressure sensor 2, the hydrogen mass flow meter 5, the nitrogen mass flow meter 10, and the airtightness detector 16, thereby achieving automatic control of the fuel cell.
By the embodiment, the automatic control of the fuel cell is facilitated, and the safety of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is ensured.
In one embodiment, the control system alarms when the pressure is higher than a preset pressure value or when the differential pressure is higher than a preset differential pressure to ensure the safety of the fuel cell stack 23 under test.
By this embodiment, it is advantageous to further ensure the safety of the fuel cell stack 23 under test.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell including: a raw material gas supply system for supplying a raw material gas to the fuel cell, which includes a hydrogen supply line and a nitrogen supply line connected in parallel, the hydrogen supply line and the nitrogen supply line being connected in series to the raw material gas total shutoff valve 11; a hydrogen stop valve 1 is arranged on the hydrogen supply pipeline close to the hydrogen source; a nitrogen stop valve 6 is arranged at the position of the nitrogen supply pipeline close to the nitrogen source; the air tightness testing system comprises a first stop valve 12, an air tightness detector 16 and a second stop valve 20 which are connected in sequence, wherein the first stop valve 12 is arranged close to the air source of the air tightness detection gas and is positioned at the downstream of the air source of the air tightness detection gas; and a fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, the anode outlet of which is provided with an anode outlet stop valve 22; wherein, the raw material gas supply system is connected with the air tightness test system in parallel and is communicated with the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
In the prior art, the air tightness of the electric pile 23 of the fuel cell at high temperature is very difficult to detect, and the existing air tightness detection method cannot ensure that the anode environment at high temperature is a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The anode is oxidized inevitably, so that local thermal stress is caused, the structural change of the anode is inevitable, the output performance of the electric pile 23 is influenced, and even the cell is broken, so that the electric pile 23 leaks.
The fuel cell of the embodiment comprises an air tightness testing system, wherein the air tightness testing system can enable an anode inlet of the fuel cell to be communicated with an air source of air tightness detection gas, so that the anode is ensured to be in a non-oxidizing atmosphere environment at high temperature, anode oxidation and local thermal stress are avoided, anode structure change is avoided, the output performance of the electric pile 23 is prevented from being influenced, and cell pieces are prevented from being broken, so that internal leakage of the electric pile 23 is avoided, and the air tightness of the electric pile 23 of the fuel cell to be detected is detected at high temperature; wherein the gas tightness detection gas is a non-oxidizing gas.
Meanwhile, the existing fuel cell can not realize on-line detection, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, and then the operation of the fuel cell is continued without the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction.
The feed gas supply system of the fuel cell of the present embodiment is connected in parallel with the gas tightness test system and communicates with the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
Before the air tightness detection, the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected is in a working state, at the moment, the feed gas supply system supplies hydrogen and nitrogen to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6 and the feed gas total stop valve 11 are in an open state, and the anode outlet stop valve 22 is in an open state; after the reaction, gas is discharged from an anode outlet; air enters the fuel cell stack 23 under test from the cathode inlet and exits the cathode outlet.
During the air tightness test, firstly, the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is in an open circuit voltage state, the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6 and the raw material gas main stop valve 11 are closed, meanwhile, the first stop valve 12 and the second stop valve 20 are opened, and air tightness detection gas is supplied to the anode inlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, wherein the air tightness detection gas is non-oxidizing gas. At this time, the airtightness detector 16 is in the pressure maintaining mode to purge the anode of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
After the purging is finished, the first stop valve 12 and the anode outlet stop valve 22 are closed to perform the air tightness detection, and at this time, the air tightness detector 16 is switched to the detection mode to detect the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected.
After the detection is finished, if the air tightness detection is qualified, the second stop valve 20 is closed, and the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6, the feed gas total stop valve 11 and the anode outlet stop valve 22 are opened so that the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected returns to the working state.
Obviously, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, and then the operation of the fuel cell is continued without the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction.
Utilize this fuel cell, this fuel cell's positive pole import can detect gaseous air supply intercommunication with the gas tightness to guarantee that the positive pole is in non-oxidizing atmosphere environment under the high temperature, avoid anodic oxidation, local thermal stress, avoid the anode structure to change, avoid influencing the output performance of galvanic pile 23, avoid causing the battery piece to break, in order to avoid the galvanic pile 23 internal leakage, thereby detect the gas tightness of fuel cell galvanic pile 23 that awaits measuring under the high temperature. Meanwhile, the structure of the fuel cell is beneficial to realizing the on-line detection of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, namely, the operation of the fuel cell is stopped in the operation process of the fuel cell, the air tightness test is carried out, then the operation of the fuel cell is continued, and the processes of temperature rise and temperature reduction are not needed.
Example two
On the basis of the first embodiment, the raw material gas supply system comprises a hydrogen supply line and a nitrogen supply line which are connected in parallel. As shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen supply line is constituted by a hydrogen shut-off valve 1, a pressure sensor 2, a pressure reducing valve 3, a pressure sensor 2, and a hydrogen mass flow meter 5, which are connected in this order, wherein the hydrogen shut-off valve 1 is connected to a hydrogen source. As shown in fig. 1, the nitrogen gas supply line is constituted by a nitrogen gas shut-off valve 6, a pressure sensor 2, a pressure reducing valve 3, a pressure sensor 2, and a nitrogen gas mass flow meter 10, which are connected in this order, wherein the nitrogen gas shut-off valve 6 is connected to a nitrogen gas source.
As shown in fig. 1, a hydrogen supply line and a nitrogen supply line connected in parallel are connected in series with a raw material gas total shutoff valve 11 to form a raw material gas supply system.
As shown in fig. 1, the air-tightness testing system includes a first stop valve 12, a pressure sensor 2, a pressure reducing valve 3, a pressure sensor 2, an air-tightness detector 16, a pressure reducing valve 3, a pressure sensor 2, and a second stop valve 20, which are connected in sequence.
The feed gas supply system is connected with the air tightness test system in parallel and is connected with the anode inlet pressure sensor 21 in series, and the other end of the anode inlet pressure sensor 21 is connected with the anode of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested. The anode outlet is provided with an anode outlet shut-off valve 22.
The cathode inlet is provided with a cathode inlet pressure sensor 26.
The control system is in communication connection with the hydrogen stop valve 1, the nitrogen stop valve 6, the raw material gas total stop valve 11, the anode outlet stop valve 22, the first stop valve 12, the second stop valve 20, the pressure reducing valve 3, the pressure sensor 2, the hydrogen mass flow meter 5, the nitrogen mass flow meter 10 and the air tightness detector 16, so that the automatic control of the fuel cell is realized.
In addition, the fuel cell also comprises a tail gas discharge system which comprises a treatment device and a discharge pipeline which are arranged behind the anode outlet and the cathode outlet.
The embodiment is beneficial to monitoring each pressure and pressure difference in real time, avoids the influence of overhigh pressure or pressure difference on the cell and the sealing material, and is beneficial to avoiding the rupture of the cell, thereby being beneficial to avoiding the internal leakage or the external leakage of the electric pile 23. Meanwhile, the supply amount of hydrogen, nitrogen or gas tightness detection gas can be reduced and accurately adjusted and controlled as required.
EXAMPLE III
On the basis of the first or second embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a cathode inlet and a cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested are respectively provided with a cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and a cathode outlet cut-off valve 25, wherein the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 is disposed close to an air source, and a cathode inlet pressure sensor 26 is disposed downstream of the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24.
When detecting the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 are in an open state to obtain the overall leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
When the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is detected, the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 are in a closed state to obtain the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
The internal leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested is the difference between the overall leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested and the external leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
Preferably, the cathode inlet shut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet shut-off valve 25 are both in communication with the control system.
With this embodiment, by providing the cathode inlet cut-off valve 24 and the cathode outlet cut-off valve 25 at the cathode inlet and the cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested, respectively, the amount of leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested can be successfully obtained, and the amount of leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested can be obtained using the amount of leakage of the entire fuel cell stack 23 to be tested and the amount of leakage of the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested.
Example four
In addition to the first, second, or third embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a capacity expansion tank 19 is provided on a side of the second stop valve 20 away from the anode inlet pressure sensor 21.
When detecting the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, the expansion tank 19 supplies the gas tightness detection gas to the anode of the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected through the second stop valve 20; to ensure that the anode is in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at high temperature, the volume of the expansion tank 19 is greater than the volume of the anode chamber.
Preferably, the volume of the flash tank 19 is greater than the total volume of the anode flow channels in the fuel cell stack 23 under test.
During the gas tightness detection, even if the leakage amount of the anode in the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected is large and the original gas tightness detection gas in the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected is completely leaked, the expansion tank 19 is arranged, so that the expansion tank 19 can supplement the gas tightness detection gas for the anode in the fuel cell stack 23 to be detected, the positive pressure in the anode cavity can be ensured, and the anode of the stack 23 is protected.
Through this embodiment, the expansion tank 19 can supply the anode in the fuel cell stack 23 to be tested with the gas tightness detection gas, and can ensure the positive pressure in the anode chamber to protect the anode of the stack 23.
The air tightness detection method is also suitable for air tightness detection of the fuel cell at normal temperature or low temperature.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Although the invention herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the present invention. It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that various dependent claims and the features described herein may be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also to be understood that features described in connection with individual embodiments may be used in other described embodiments.
Claims (18)
1. A fuel cell, characterized by comprising:
the feed gas supply system is used for supplying feed gas to the fuel cell and comprises feed gas supply branch lines which are connected in parallel, and each feed gas supply branch line is connected with the feed gas main stop valve in series; a branch line stop valve is arranged on the raw material gas supply branch line;
the gas tightness testing system comprises a first stop valve, a gas tightness detector and a second stop valve which are connected in sequence, wherein the first stop valve is arranged close to the gas source of the gas tightness detection gas and is positioned at the downstream of the gas source of the gas tightness detection gas; and the number of the first and second groups,
an anode outlet stop valve is arranged at the anode outlet of the fuel cell stack to be tested;
and the feed gas supply system is connected with the airtightness testing system in parallel and is communicated with an anode inlet of the fuel cell stack to be tested.
2. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the raw material gas supply system comprises a hydrogen supply line and a nitrogen supply line connected in parallel, and the hydrogen supply line and the nitrogen supply line are connected in series with a raw material gas main shutoff valve; a hydrogen stop valve is arranged at the position of the hydrogen supply pipeline close to the hydrogen source; and a nitrogen stop valve is arranged at the position of the nitrogen supply pipeline, which is close to the nitrogen source.
3. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein an anode inlet and a cathode inlet of the fuel cell stack under test are provided with an anode inlet pressure sensor and a cathode inlet pressure sensor, respectively.
4. The fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein a pressure reducing valve, a pressure sensor, and an expansion tank are provided between the airtightness detector and the second stop valve.
5. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a cathode inlet and a cathode outlet of the fuel cell stack under test are provided with a cathode inlet cut-off valve and a cathode outlet cut-off valve, respectively.
6. The fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein a hydrogen pressure reducing valve and a hydrogen mass flow meter are provided downstream of the hydrogen shut-off valve, and pressure sensors are provided on both sides of the hydrogen pressure reducing valve;
a nitrogen pressure reducing valve and a nitrogen mass flowmeter are arranged at the downstream of the nitrogen stop valve, and pressure sensors are arranged on two sides of the nitrogen pressure reducing valve;
and an air tightness gas reducing valve is arranged between the first stop valve and the air tightness detector, and pressure sensors are arranged on two sides of the air tightness gas reducing valve.
7. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the gas-tightness detecting gas is composed of nitrogen and hydrogen, and a content of hydrogen is between 5 and 20%.
8. The fuel cell of claim 1, further comprising a control system to effect automatic control of the fuel cell.
9. A method of detecting airtightness of a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the steps of:
before the air tightness detection, the fuel cell stack to be detected is in a working state, at the moment, the feed gas supply system supplies feed gas to an anode inlet of the fuel cell stack to be detected, the branch line stop valve and the feed gas main stop valve are in an open state, and the anode outlet stop valve is in an open state; after the reaction, gas is discharged from an anode outlet; air enters the fuel cell stack to be tested from a cathode inlet and is discharged from a cathode outlet;
during the air tightness test, firstly enabling the fuel cell stack to be tested to be in an open-circuit voltage state, closing the branch line stop valve and the raw material gas main stop valve, and simultaneously opening the first stop valve and the second stop valve, wherein at the moment, the air tightness detector is in a pressure maintaining mode so as to purge the anode of the fuel cell stack to be tested;
after purging is finished, closing the first stop valve and the anode outlet stop valve, and performing air tightness detection, wherein at the moment, the air tightness detector is in a detection mode to detect the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected;
after the detection is finished, if the air tightness detection is qualified, the second stop valve is closed, and the branch line stop valve, the feed gas main stop valve and the anode outlet stop valve are opened, so that the fuel cell stack to be detected returns to the working state.
10. The method for detecting the airtightness of the fuel cell according to claim 9, wherein when the fuel cell stack to be tested is in an operating state, both the cathode inlet cut-off valve and the cathode outlet cut-off valve are in an open state;
and when the integral leakage quantity of the fuel cell stack to be detected is detected, after purging is finished, the cathode inlet stop valve and the cathode outlet stop valve are in an open state.
11. The method for detecting the air tightness of the fuel cell as claimed in claim 9, wherein when the leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected is detected, the cathode inlet stop valve and the cathode outlet stop valve are closed after the purging is finished;
the internal leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected is the difference between the whole leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected and the external leakage amount of the fuel cell stack to be detected.
12. The method of detecting gas tightness of a fuel cell according to claim 9, wherein in detecting the amount of leakage of the fuel cell stack under test, the expansion tank supplies a gas tightness detection gas to the anode of the fuel cell stack under test through a second stop valve;
the volume of the expansion tank is larger than that of the anode chamber.
13. The method of detecting the airtightness of the fuel cell according to claim 12, wherein during the detection, when the leakage amount is found to exceed the volume of the anode chamber, the detection is immediately stopped, the airtightness detector switches to the pressure maintaining mode, and the first stop valve and the anode outlet stop valve are opened.
14. The method of claim 9, wherein, in the purging state, the readings of the pressure sensor between the expansion tank and the gas tightness detector and the reading of the anode inlet pressure sensor are both less than a preset pressure value, the difference between the readings of the anode inlet pressure sensor and the cathode inlet pressure sensor is less than a preset pressure difference, and the outlet pressure of the gas tightness detector in the pressure maintaining state is a preset pressure value; after purging is finished, when the readings of the pressure sensor between the expansion tank and the air tightness detector and the readings of the anode inlet pressure sensor are stabilized at preset pressure values, the air tightness detector is switched to a detection mode from a pressure maintaining mode.
15. The method for detecting the airtightness of the fuel cell according to claim 14, wherein the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are set according to the pressure-bearing characteristics of the fuel cell stacks to be tested; the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are not higher than 10KPa.
16. The method for detecting the airtightness of a fuel cell according to claim 14, wherein the preset pressure value and the preset pressure difference are each between 3 and 5 KPa.
17. The method of claim 9, wherein the control system is in communication with the hydrogen stop valve, the nitrogen stop valve, the raw material gas main stop valve, the anode outlet stop valve, the first stop valve, the second stop valve, the cathode inlet stop valve, the cathode outlet stop valve, the pressure reducing valve, the pressure sensor, the hydrogen mass flow meter, the nitrogen mass flow meter, and the air tightness detector, so as to automatically control the fuel cell.
18. The method for detecting the airtightness of the fuel cell according to claim 17, wherein the control system gives an alarm to ensure the safety of the fuel cell stack to be tested when the pressure is higher than a preset pressure value or when the pressure difference is higher than a preset pressure difference.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111142918.6A CN115882010A (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Fuel cell and method for detecting airtightness thereof |
| PCT/CN2022/121737 WO2023051526A1 (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2022-09-27 | Fuel cell and airtightness detection method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111142918.6A CN115882010A (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Fuel cell and method for detecting airtightness thereof |
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| CN115882010A true CN115882010A (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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| CN202111142918.6A Pending CN115882010A (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Fuel cell and method for detecting airtightness thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN115882010A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023051526A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116505033A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell air system leakage diagnosis method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10231208B4 (en) * | 2002-07-10 | 2020-06-25 | General Motors Llc ( N. D. Ges. D. Staates Delaware ) | Method for examining a fuel cell system |
| JP2005190764A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2005-07-14 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Airtightness test method in fuel cell system |
| CN110987324A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-10 | 浙江锋源氢能科技有限公司 | Fuel cell air tightness testing device and testing method |
| CN111579173B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2021-03-19 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Automatic detection equipment and detection method for three-cavity pressure maintaining air tightness of fuel cell system |
| CN111693229A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-09-22 | 北京新研创能科技有限公司 | Electric pile testing device and system with air tightness online detection function |
-
2021
- 2021-09-28 CN CN202111142918.6A patent/CN115882010A/en active Pending
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116505033A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-07-28 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell air system leakage diagnosis method |
| CN116505033B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-12-22 | 佛山市清极能源科技有限公司 | Fuel cell air system leakage diagnosis method |
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