CN111122318B - Test device for realizing multiple composite crack propagation and use method - Google Patents
Test device for realizing multiple composite crack propagation and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111122318B CN111122318B CN201911309882.9A CN201911309882A CN111122318B CN 111122318 B CN111122318 B CN 111122318B CN 201911309882 A CN201911309882 A CN 201911309882A CN 111122318 B CN111122318 B CN 111122318B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0062—Crack or flaws
- G01N2203/0066—Propagation of crack
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0423—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using screws
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of material mechanics test, and particularly relates to a test device for realizing multiple composite crack propagation and a using method thereof. The device comprises four fan-shaped arc plates, two U-shaped hooks, two perforated cushion blocks for adjusting the positions of samples, and a plurality of composite crack propagation samples. Three groups of through holes H are arranged on the fan-shaped arc plate1,i、H2,iAnd H3,iN, N is the number of each group of through holes; the circle centers of each group of through holes are arranged on the same radius of the fan-shaped arc plate at equal radian intervals, and two through holes H at the two ends of each group of through holesj,1And Hj,NAnd j is 1,2 and 3 in a radian relation of 90 degrees relative to the center of the sector arc plate. The invention can realize standardized I type, II type and III type and I/II type, I/III type and II/III type composite crack propagation experiments with different composite ratios, and the experimental results have certain contrast, thereby providing an experimental basis for researching the influence of different load composite ratios on composite crack propagation behaviors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material mechanics test, and particularly relates to a test device for realizing multiple composite crack propagation and a using method thereof.
Background
In actual engineering structures, cracks are mostly in a composite deformation state, for example, stiffened plates and shells in aerospace and ship structures, the cracks are often I/II type composite cracks with both open type and sliding type, and cracks of large rotating components, such as generator shafts, are often I/III type composite cracks with both open type and tearing type formed by torsion. And ball bearings, railway wheels and gears which are mainly subjected to type II/III composite cracks.
Due to the complexity of the composite fracture problem, composite fracture experiments have not been standardized to date. AFM (all fracture modes) samples designed by Richard and Kuna in 1990 and specific clamps thereof are inconvenient to operate in actual experiments due to the fact that devices are quite complicated, and various composite crack propagation experiments are not realized. The test device adopted in the existing related research can only realize the composite crack propagation experiment in a single form, so that the existing research adopts various geometric samples and loading devices to carry out the composite crack propagation experiment in various forms. However, different specimens have different geometries, and at the same time, the corresponding loading devices produce different boundary conditions, which inevitably lead to errors in the experimental measurement.
The composite crack propagation test device adopts samples with the same size, realizes in-plane and out-of-plane I/II type, I/III type and II/III type composite crack propagation tests through assembly among different components, and not only avoids the influence of the geometric size of the samples, but also reduces the error caused by boundary conditions by the application of the device system.
The expansion behavior of the composite crack is the key point of research on material fatigue and fracture, and a novel scheme is urgently needed in the existing experimental technology and method to solve the standardization problem of the composite fracture experiment.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a practical test device and method which can realize the propagation of various composite cracks, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.
The invention provides a composite crack propagation test device, which comprises: the device comprises four fan-shaped arc plates, two U-shaped hooks, two perforated cushion blocks for adjusting the positions of samples and a plurality of composite crack propagation samples.
Three groups of through holes H are arranged on the fan-shaped arc plate1,i、H2,iAnd H3,iN, N is the number of each group of through holes; the circle centers of each group of through holes are arranged on the same radius of the fan-shaped arc plate at equal radian intervals, and two through holes H at the two ends of each group of through holesj,1And Hj,NJ is 1,2 and 3, and is in a 90-degree radian relation relative to the center of the fan-shaped arc plate;
the U-shaped hook is optionally fixedly connected with the through hole on the fan-shaped arc plate through a screw through the through hole on the U-shaped hook, so that loads in different directions are applied to the fan-shaped arc plate through the U-shaped hook;
the composite crack propagation sample is of a plate-shaped structure, and the overall dimension of the sample is close to that of a standard CT sample.
The application method of the composite type crack propagation test based on the device comprises the following three conditions:
case 1: the test method of the I/II type composite crack propagation test comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates are fixed on two sides of the composite crack propagation sample through bolts respectively, the plate-shaped plane of the fan-shaped arc plates and the plate-shaped plane of the sample plate-shaped structure are mutually parallel and tightly attached, and meanwhile, H in the first group of through holes in the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates is1,1The connecting line of the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates is coplanar with the initial crack of the composite crack propagation sample, and H in the first group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates1,NThe connecting line of the composite crack propagation sample is in a vertical relation with the initial crack direction of the composite crack propagation sample;
step 1.2: two U-shaped hooks are respectively connected with two groups of bolts and H in the first group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates1,NConnecting and transferring load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in an I-shaped loading state, and the crack is in an open type;
step 1.3: sequentially adjusting two U-shaped hooks to be respectively bolted with H in the first group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates1,N-1，H1,N-2，…，H1,2Connecting and transmitting load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample bears I-type and II-type composite loading states of different degrees, and cracks are in an open type and a slide type;
step 1.4: two U-shaped hooks are adjusted to pass through two groups of bolts and H in the first group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively1,1And connecting and transferring load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with the testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in a II-type loading state, and the crack is in a slip type.
Case 2: the test method of the I/III type composite crack propagation test comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: four fan-shaped arc plates, wherein every two arc plates are connected together through boltsThe fan-shaped arc plate is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the sample, hole sites in the thickness direction of the fan-shaped arc plate are fastened with the cushion block with holes and the sample together, the two sets of fan-shaped arc plates, the cushion block with holes and the sample are tightly attached, and meanwhile, H in the through holes of the second set of fan-shaped arc plates is arranged on the two sets of fan-shaped arc plates2,1The connecting line of the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates passes through the thickness center of the sample and is perpendicular to the crack surface of the composite crack propagation sample, and H in the second group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates2,NIs in the same plane as the initial crack plane of the composite crack propagation specimen;
step 2.2: two U-shaped hooks are respectively connected with two groups of bolts and H in the second group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates2,NConnecting, and connecting with a testing machine through a U-shaped hook clamping end to transfer load, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in a III-type loading state, and the crack is in a tearing type;
step 2.3: sequentially adjusting two U-shaped hooks to pass through two groups of bolts and H in a second group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively2,N-1，H2,N-2，…，H2,2Connecting and transmitting load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample bears I-type and III-type composite loading states of different degrees, and the crack is in an open type and a tearing type;
step 2.4: two U-shaped hooks are adjusted to pass through two groups of bolts and H in a second group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively2,1And connecting and transferring load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the cracks of the composite crack propagation sample are in an I-shaped loading state, and the cracks are in an open type. Case 3: the test method of the II/III type composite crack propagation test comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: four fan-shaped arc boards, every two are a set of to be in the same place through bolted connection, and fan-shaped arc board is on a parallel with sample length direction and places, and hole site through fan-shaped arc board thickness direction is in the same place with foraminiferous cushion and sample fastening, and guarantees that two sets of fan-shaped arc boards, foraminiferous cushion and sample three closely laminate, and the H in the through-hole of third group on two sets of fan-shaped arc boards simultaneously is organized3,1The connecting line of the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates passes through the thickness center of the sample and is arranged in the third group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc platesH3,NThe connecting line of the composite crack propagation sample passes through the center of the cushion block with the hole, and the connecting line of the force application point of the clamping end of the U-shaped hook connected with the through hole and the initial crack surface of the composite crack propagation sample are positioned in the same plane;
step 3.2: two U-shaped hooks are respectively connected with the H in the third group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates through two groups of bolts3,NConnecting, and connecting with a testing machine through a U-shaped hook clamping end to transfer load, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in a III-type loading state, and the crack is in a tearing type;
step 3.3: sequentially adjusting two U-shaped hooks to pass through two groups of bolts and H in a third group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively3,N-1，H3,N-2，…，H3,2Connecting and transmitting load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample bears II-type and III-type composite loading states of different degrees, and cracks are in a sliding type and a tearing type;
step 3.4: two U-shaped hooks are adjusted to pass through two groups of bolts and H in a third group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively3,1And connecting and transferring load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with the testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in a II-type loading state, and the crack is in a slip type.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the composite crack propagation sample is connected with the fan-shaped arc plate and the cushion block with the hole through bolts (the cushion block is not arranged in the I/II type loading device), and the composite crack propagation sample bears stretching, plane shearing, reverse plane shearing and various composite fracture loads in the loading process. When a group of through holes on the outermost side of the fan-shaped arc plate are used for II/III type loading, the U-shaped hook is fixedly connected with the fan-shaped arc plate, when a group of through holes in the middle are used for I/III type loading, the U-shaped hook is fixedly connected with the fan-shaped arc plate, and when a group of through holes on the innermost side are used for I/II type loading, the U-shaped hook is fixedly connected with the fan-shaped arc plate. And 3 through holes at the lower edge of the fan-shaped arc plate are used for fixedly connecting the composite crack propagation sample with the fan-shaped arc plate when I/II type loading is performed. And when 2 hole sites vertical to the thickness direction of the fan-shaped arc plate are I/III and II/III type loading, the composite crack propagation sample is fixedly connected with the fan-shaped arc plate and the cushion block with holes. The U-shaped hook is connected with the testing machine and the fan-shaped arc plate, the U-shaped hook is connected with different hole sites on the fan-shaped arc plate through bolts, and different included angles are formed between the prefabricated cracks in the composite crack expansion sample. The U-shaped hook and the fan-shaped arc plate are fastened through bolts, and the fan-shaped arc plate, the cushion block with the hole and the composite crack propagation sample are fastened through bolts (the cushion block is not arranged on the I/II type loading device). The composite crack propagation sample bears stretching and plane shearing effects in the I/II type loading process; the steel plate bears stretching and reverse plane shearing action in the I/III type loading process; and is subjected to plane shear and reverse plane shear during type II/III loading. According to the technical scheme of the invention, standardized I type, II type and III type and I/II type, I/III type and II/III type composite crack propagation experiments with different composite ratios can be realized, and the experimental results have certain contrast, so that an experimental basis can be provided for researching the influence of composite crack propagation behaviors caused by different load composite ratios.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a composite crack propagation specimen and its crack surface stress according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1(a) is a sample used in type I/II loading, subjected to tensile, plane shear during the experiment; FIG. 1(b) is a drawing of a specimen used in type I/III loading, subjected to tensile, reverse plane shear during the experiment; FIG. 1(c) shows the samples used in type II/III loading, subjected to plane shear and counter-plane shear during the experiment.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a type I/II, type I/III and type II/III loading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the loading of the sample of the present invention to achieve different compounding ratios (different angles);
figure 4 is a schematic view of a sector arc plate of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a test device and a method for realizing multiple composite crack propagation, which are used for testing the composite crack propagation behavior of a material. The composite crack propagation experiment adopts samples with the same size, and a graph 1(a) shows that the samples used in I/II type loading bear stretching and plane shearing effects in the experiment process; FIG. 1(b) is a drawing of a specimen used in type I/III loading, subjected to tensile, reverse plane shear during the experiment; FIG. 1(c) shows the samples used in type II/III loading, subjected to plane shear and counter-plane shear during the experiment. The specimen dimensions approximate those of standard CT specimens according to ASTM E647 standard. Referring to fig. 2, the composite crack propagation test apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the device comprises a fan-shaped arc plate 1, a U-shaped hook 2, a composite crack propagation sample 3 and a cushion block with a hole 4 (the cushion block is not arranged in an I/II type loading device).
Fig. 2(a) is a schematic diagram of an i/ii type loading experimental device, and the composite crack growth sample 3 is fixedly connected with the composite crack growth sample 3 through two fan-shaped arc plates 1 through holes in the arc plates. The U-shaped hook 2 is connected with any two through holes which are radially symmetrical on the fan-shaped arc plate 1, and the clamping end of the U-shaped hook is connected with a testing machine. The outer arc line of the fan-shaped arc plate 1 is provided with 7 through holes which are distributed at equal angles of 15 degrees, the connecting positions of the U-shaped hook 2 and the through holes in the fan-shaped arc plate 1 are changed, the angle between the load and the prefabricated crack is alpha, and the changes of the angles alpha of 0 degrees, 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees, 75 degrees and 90 degrees are realized, so that the I/II type composite loading can be realized, and the composite crack propagation sample 3 can bear I/II type loads with different composite ratios. As can be seen from fig. 3(a), when α is 90 °, the loading direction is perpendicular to the crack, i-type loading condition is adopted, and the crack is open; when the angle is 0 degrees < alpha <90 degrees, the I/II composite type load condition is adopted; when alpha is 0 degree, the loading direction is parallel to the crack, the condition of II type loading is adopted, and the crack is slip type.
Fig. 2(b) is a schematic view of an i/iii type loading experiment apparatus, in order to generate stretching and tearing effects on the composite crack propagation sample 3, two fan-shaped arc plates 1 are placed in a superposed manner, the thickness direction of the fan-shaped arc plates is parallel to the cracks, and the fan-shaped arc plates are connected with the composite crack propagation sample 3 through hole sites perpendicular to the thickness direction of the fan-shaped arc plates 1 (the fan-shaped arc plates are respectively connected with the sample through four bolts, and are fastened through eight bolts in total, and fig. 4 is a schematic view of the fan-shaped arc plates). The thickness of the cushion block 4 with holes is adjusted to realize the coincidence of the thick point and the loading shaft in the sample, different symmetrical holes are selected, the connecting position of the U-shaped hook 2 and the through hole in the fan-shaped arc plate 1 is changed, the angle between the load and the prefabricated crack is alpha, the change of the angle alpha from 0 degree to 90 degrees is realized, the I/III type composite loading can be realized, and the composite crack expansion sample 3 bears the I/III type loads with different composite ratios. As can be seen from fig. 3(b), when α is 0 °, the loading direction is perpendicular to the crack plane, i-type loading condition is achieved, and the crack is open; when the angle is 0 degrees < alpha <90 degrees, the I/III composite load condition is adopted; when α is 90 °, the direction of the load is parallel to the crack plane, and the crack is a tear-open type under type iii load conditions.
Fig. 2(c) is a schematic diagram of a ii/iii type loading experiment apparatus, in order to generate shearing and tearing effects on the composite crack propagation sample 3, two fan-shaped arc plates 1 are placed in a superposed manner, and the thickness direction of the fan-shaped arc plates is perpendicular to the crack, and the fan-shaped arc plates are connected with the composite crack propagation sample 3 through hole sites perpendicular to the thickness direction of the fan-shaped arc plates 1 (the fan-shaped arc plates are respectively connected with the sample through four bolts, and the total number of the fan-shaped arc plates is eight bolts for connection and fastening). The U-shaped hook 2 shown in fig. 2(c) is adopted, so that the clamping ends of the upper U-shaped hook 2 and the lower U-shaped hook 2 are kept collinear, and the connection of the testing machine is facilitated. The thickness of the cushion block 4 with the holes is adjusted to realize that the thick point in the sample coincides with the loading shaft, different symmetrical holes are selected, the connecting position of the U-shaped hook 2 and the through hole in the fan-shaped arc plate 1 is changed, the angle between the load and the prefabricated crack is alpha, the change of the angle alpha from 0 degree to 90 degrees is realized, the II/III type composite loading can be realized, and the composite crack expansion sample 3 bears the II/III type loads with different composite ratios. As can be seen from fig. 3(c), when α is 0 °, the loading direction is parallel to the crack, which is a type ii loading condition, and the crack is slip-open; when the angle is 0 degrees < alpha <90 degrees, the II/III composite load condition is adopted; when α is 90 °, the loading direction is parallel to the crack plane, and the crack is a type iii loading condition and a tear-open type.
The embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
1. the samples have the same geometric size, so that the influence of size effect is avoided;
2. the same loading device is adopted, so that the error caused by the boundary condition is reduced;
3. experimental results obtained under I/II, I/III and II/III type loading conditions have contrast;
4. the standardization of various composite crack propagation experiments is realized;
5. the experimental device is simple to operate, each part can be replaced, the experiment is accurate and efficient, and the error is small.
Claims (1)
1. A test apparatus for achieving multiple compound crack propagation, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises four fan-shaped arc plates, two U-shaped hooks, two perforated cushion blocks for adjusting the positions of samples and a plurality of composite crack propagation samples;
three groups of through holes H are arranged on the fan-shaped arc plate1,i、H2,iAnd H3,iN, N is the number of each group of through holes; the circle centers of each group of through holes are arranged on the same radius of the fan-shaped arc plate and are distributed at equal radian intervals, and two through holes H at the two most ends of each group of through holesj,1And Hj,NJ is 1,2 and 3, and is in a 90-degree radian relation relative to the center of the fan-shaped arc plate;
the U-shaped hook is fixedly connected with the through hole on the fan-shaped arc plate through a screw through the through hole on the U-shaped hook, so that loads in different directions are applied to the fan-shaped arc plate through the U-shaped hook;
the composite crack propagation sample is of a plate-shaped structure, and the overall dimension of the sample is close to that of a standard CT sample;
the use method of the test device for carrying out the composite crack propagation test comprises the following three conditions:
case 1: the test method of the I/II type composite crack propagation test comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: two groups of fan-shaped arc plates are respectively fixed on two sides of the composite crack propagation sample through bolts, the plate-shaped plane of the fan-shaped arc plates and the plate-shaped plane of the sample plate-shaped structure are mutually parallel and tightly attached, and meanwhile, H in the first group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates1,1The connecting line of the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates is coplanar with the initial crack of the composite crack propagation sample, and H in the first group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates1,NThe connecting line of the composite crack propagation sample is in a vertical relation with the initial crack direction of the composite crack propagation sample;
step 1.2: two U-shaped hooks are respectively connected with H in the first group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates through two groups of bolts1,NConnecting, and connecting with a testing machine through a U-shaped hook clamping end to transfer load, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in an I-shaped loading state, and the crack is in an open type;
step 1.3: sequentially adjusting two U-shaped hooks to pass through two groups of bolts and H in the first group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively1,N-1，H1,N-2，…，H1,2Connecting, and connecting with a testing machine through a U-shaped hook clamping end to transfer load, so that the composite crack propagation sample bears I-type and II-type composite loading states of different degrees, and cracks are in an open type and a sliding type;
step 1.4: two U-shaped hooks are adjusted to pass through two groups of bolts and H in the first group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively1,1Connecting and connecting the composite crack propagation sample with a testing machine through a U-shaped hook clamping end to transfer load, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in a II-shaped loading state, and the crack is in a slip type;
case 2: the test method of the I/III type composite crack propagation test comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: four fan-shaped arc boards, every two are a set of and are in the same place through bolted connection, and fan-shaped arc board perpendicular to sample length direction places, and hole site through fan-shaped arc board thickness direction is in the same place with foraminiferous cushion and sample fastening, and guarantees that two sets of fan-shaped arc boards, foraminiferous cushion and sample three closely laminate simultaneously, and two sets of fan-shaped arc boards, foraminiferous cushion and sample three are closely laminatedH in the second set of through holes on the board2,1The connecting line of the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates passes through the thickness center of the sample and is perpendicular to the crack surface of the composite crack propagation sample, and H in the second group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates2,NIs in the same plane as the initial crack plane of the composite crack propagation specimen;
step 2.2: two U-shaped hooks are respectively connected with two groups of bolts and H in the second group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates2,NConnecting, and connecting with a testing machine through a U-shaped hook clamping end to transfer load, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in a III-type loading state, and the crack is in a tearing type;
step 2.3: sequentially adjusting two U-shaped hooks to pass through two groups of bolts and H in a second group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively2,N-1，H2,N-2，…，H2,2Connecting and transmitting load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample bears I-type and III-type composite loading states of different degrees, and the crack is in an open type and a tearing type;
step 2.4: two U-shaped hooks are adjusted to pass through two groups of bolts and H in a second group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively2,1Connecting and transferring load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the cracks of the composite crack propagation sample are in an I-shaped loading state, and the cracks are in an open type;
case 3: the test method of the II/III type composite crack propagation test comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: four fan-shaped arc boards, every two are a set of to be in the same place through bolted connection, and fan-shaped arc board is on a parallel with sample length direction and places, and hole site through fan-shaped arc board thickness direction is in the same place with foraminiferous cushion and sample fastening, and guarantees that two sets of fan-shaped arc boards, foraminiferous cushion and sample three closely laminate, and the H in the through-hole of third group on two sets of fan-shaped arc boards simultaneously is organized3,1The connecting line of the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates passes through the thickness center of the sample and H in the third group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates3,NThe connecting line of the composite crack propagation sample passes through the center of the cushion block with the hole, and the connecting line of the force application point of the clamping end of the U-shaped hook connected with the through hole and the initial crack surface of the composite crack propagation sample are positioned in the same plane;
step 3.2: two U-shaped hooks are respectively connected with the H in the third group of through holes on the two groups of fan-shaped arc plates through two groups of bolts3,NConnecting, and connecting with a testing machine through a U-shaped hook clamping end to transfer load, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in a III-type loading state, and the crack is in a tearing type;
step 3.3: sequentially adjusting two U-shaped hooks to pass through two groups of bolts and H in a third group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively3,N-1，H3,N-2，…，H3,2Connecting and transmitting load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample bears II-type and III-type composite loading states of different degrees, and cracks are in a sliding type and a tearing type;
step 3.4: two U-shaped hooks are adjusted to pass through two groups of bolts and H in a third group of through holes on two groups of fan-shaped arc plates respectively3,1And connecting and transferring load by connecting the U-shaped hook clamping end with a testing machine, so that the composite crack propagation sample is in a II-type loading state, and the crack is in a sliding type.
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