CN111118498A - TRIP steel coating for 304 stainless steel surface laser cladding and cladding method - Google Patents
TRIP steel coating for 304 stainless steel surface laser cladding and cladding method Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a TRIP steel coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface and a cladding method, wherein the TRIP steel coating is formed by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary substance powder, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 67-81 parts, Mn: 10-14 parts of Si: 8-12 parts of P: 0.1-1 part, Al: 1-3 parts of V: 0.1-1 part of Ti: 0.1-1 part and C: 0.1-1 part. The method comprises the steps of mixing the components of the coating according to a ratio, then carrying out dry grinding, and drying after the dry grinding to obtain alloy powder; grinding oxide skin on the surface of the 304 stainless steel base material, cleaning the surface by using alcohol, drying, presetting alloy powder on the cleaned surface of the 304 stainless steel base material, and carrying out spheroidization on the alloy powder by using a laser spheroidization method to obtain spheroidized alloy powder; and finally, carrying out laser cladding on the spheroidized alloy powder by using a synchronous powder feeding method. The invention has the characteristics of good mechanical property, good hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, high contact fatigue strength and less coating cracks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a stainless steel surface coating and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface and a cladding method thereof.
Background
304 stainless steel as traditional austenitic stainless steel has good corrosion resistance, low temperature strength, heat resistance and other properties, and has the characteristics of good hot workability such as bending, compression resistance and the like, economy, low price and the like, so that the stainless steel is widely applied to production and living application of ships and machinery industries. However, 304 stainless steel also has certain disadvantages, such as pitting, intergranular corrosion, stress corrosion cracking, etc., and fatigue failure often occurs in practical applications due to its low carbon content, high plasticity, and low surface hardness. Therefore, a coating for improving the wear resistance of the 304 stainless steel needs to be developed for repairing or strengthening the 304 stainless steel, and high economic benefits can be created.
TRIP steel refers to ultra-high strength steel with increased plasticity caused by a martensitic transformation process that progresses gradually in the steel structure, and is also called transformation induced plasticity steel. The traditional TRIP steel is mainly prepared by matching and combining Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti, Mo, Nb, Ni, S, C and other elements, and is usually directly processed to form steel, but the TRIP steel is not reported to be used as a coating material.
Even though the TRIP steel has very good performance, the TRIP steel is difficult to be applied as an alloy coating at present, and the main reason is that elements of a base material and the coating are mutually diluted in the preparation process of the alloy coating, so that the proportion of the alloy elements is changed, and the performance of the coating is changed; in addition, the burning loss of coating elements during the preparation process is also a key factor influencing the coating performance. Therefore, on the basis of the traditional TRIP steel, it is very important to adjust the proportion and the processing technology of the TRIP steel so that the TRIP steel has the same properties after the coating is prepared.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface and a cladding method. The invention has the characteristics of good mechanical property, good hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, high contact fatigue strength and less coating cracks.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a TRIP steel coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface is formed by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary substance powder, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 67-81 parts, Mn: 10-14 parts of Si: 8-12 parts of P: 0.1-1 part, Al: 1-3 parts of V: 0.1-1 part of Ti: 0.1-1 part and C: 0.1-1 part.
The TRIP steel coating laser-clad on the surface of 304 stainless steel comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 71-77 parts of Mn: 11-13 parts of Si: 9-11 parts of, P: 0.3-0.7 parts of Al: 1.5-2.5 parts of V: 0.3-0.7 parts of Ti: 0.3-0.7 parts and C: 0.3-0.7 part.
The TRIP steel coating laser-clad on the surface of 304 stainless steel comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 74 parts, Mn: 12 parts of Si: 10 parts of, P: 0.5 part, Al: 2 parts and V: 0.5 part, Ti: 0.5 part and C: 0.5 part.
The purity of the Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elemental powder of the TRIP steel coating formed by laser cladding on the surface of the 304 stainless steel is more than 99.7%.
In the TRIP steel coating laser-clad on the surface of 304 stainless steel, the particle size of the elemental powder of Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C is 140-280 meshes.
A cladding method of the TRIP steel coating on the surface of 304 stainless steel through laser cladding comprises the steps of mixing the components of the coating according to a ratio, then carrying out dry grinding, and drying after the dry grinding to obtain alloy powder; grinding oxide skin on the surface of the 304 stainless steel base material, cleaning the surface by using alcohol, drying, presetting alloy powder on the cleaned surface of the 304 stainless steel base material, and carrying out spheroidization on the alloy powder by using a laser spheroidization method to obtain spheroidized alloy powder; and finally, carrying out laser cladding on the spheroidized alloy powder by using a synchronous powder feeding method.
In the cladding method for the TRIP steel coating on the surface of the 304 stainless steel by laser cladding, the dry grinding is ball milling, the ball milling tank and the grinding balls are made of stainless steel, and the ratio of the grinding materials is 6-8: 1, the rotating speed is 180-; the drying temperature of the alloy powder is 110-130 ℃, and the time is 6-10 h.
In the cladding method for the TRIP steel coating on the surface of the 304 stainless steel by laser cladding, during laser spheroidization, the powder laying thickness of the alloy powder is 0.6-1.5mm, the laser power is 1-2kw, the laser spot diameter is 2-4mm, the laser scanning speed is 3-10mm/s, the spot size d is 1mm multiplied by 10mm, and the overlapping ratio is 30-50%.
In the cladding method of the TRIP steel coating on the surface of the 304 stainless steel by laser cladding, during the laser cladding, the laser output power P is 2-3kW, the scanning speed V is 4-7mm/s, the spot size d is 1mm multiplied by 10mm, the overlapping rate is 30-50%, and the powder feeding amount is 0.4-0.8 g/s.
The invention has the advantages of
1. The TRIP steel coating can be successfully prepared on the surface of 304 stainless steel by adopting a laser cladding technology in an atmospheric environment, and the TRIP effect is obtained by replacing solid-solution atoms (Mn, Al and Si) for component adjustment, so that the coating has very excellent mechanical properties compared with a base material.
2. The TRIP steel coating has high strength, high elongation and low stacking fault energy, so that the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the TRIP steel coating are obviously improved compared with those of a 304 stainless steel base material.
3. The TRIP steel coating has the advantages that the plasticity is induced by twin crystals in the TRIP steel coating, the quantity of the twin crystals is increased, the austenite crystal grains are cut, the austenite crystal grains can be divided by finer deformation twin crystals to play a role in refining the crystal grains, meanwhile, the deformation twin crystals for dividing the austenite are equivalent to a sub-grain boundary and can play a pinning role in dislocation so as to prevent dislocation slippage, the accumulated dislocation increases the tensile strength, the deformation twin crystals exist in the austenite crystal grains to enable the interface to be rapidly raised, the extension of cracks can be prevented, the elongation is improved, and the cracking sensitivity of the coating is reduced.
4. The invention adopts laser spheroidization to carry out pretreatment on powder, and researches the burning loss ratio of each element in the laser cladding process through different powder proportions and different process parameters so as to synthesize the TRIP steel coating on the surface of the stainless steel in situ by laser cladding.
To further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present invention, the inventors made the following experiments:
hardness of material
The hardness result of the coating prepared by the invention is shown in figure 1, the average hardness of the coating reaches about 3.3 times of that of the base material, and the wear resistance of the coating is obviously superior to that of 304 stainless steel. The ultra-fast solidification of laser cladding enables grains not to grow long enough to be refined, simultaneously limits the solubility in the coating, and then atoms with different grain sizes cause the increase of lattice distortion, the dislocation density is high, the solid solution strengthening is more obvious, so the hardness is obviously improved.
Wear resistance of materials
The TRIP steel coating generated in situ by laser cladding prepared by the invention is subjected to a friction and wear experiment, the obtained result is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the average coefficient of the base material is 0.463, the average coefficient of the coating is 0.358, the friction and wear curve of the coating is obviously more stable than that of the base material, the coating has a lower friction and wear coefficient, and the wear loss of the coating is 0.807mm3The abrasion loss of the base material was 1.786mm3The wear resistance of the coating is obviously better than that of the base material.
FIG. 1 is a graph of the hardness profile of the coating;
FIG. 2 is a plot of the coefficient of friction of the coating;
FIG. 3 shows the amount of wear of the coating.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Examples of the invention
Example 1: a TRIP steel coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface is formed by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary substance powder, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 67 parts, Mn: 10 parts of Si: 8 parts of, P: 0.1 part, Al: 1 part and V: 0.1 part, Ti: 0.1 part and C: 0.1 part.
Example 2: a TRIP steel coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface is formed by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary substance powder, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 81 parts and Mn: 14 parts of Si: 12 parts and P: 1 part and Al: 3 parts and V: 1 part of Ti: 1 part and C: 1 part.
Example 3: a TRIP steel coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface is formed by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary substance powder, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 71 parts, Mn: 11 parts of Si: 9 parts and P: 0.3 part, Al: 1.5 parts and V: 0.3 part, Ti: 0.3 part
And C: 0.3 part.
Example 4: a TRIP steel coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface is formed by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary substance powder, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 77 parts, Mn: 13 parts of Si: 11 parts and P: 0.7 part, Al: 2.5 parts and V: 0.7 part of Ti: 0.7 part and C: 0.7 part.
Example 5: a TRIP steel coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface is formed by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary substance powder, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 74 parts, Mn: 12 parts of Si: 10 parts of, P: 0.5 part, Al: 2 parts and V: 0.5 part, Ti: 0.5 portion
And C: 0.5 part.
The purity of Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary powder in the examples 1-5 is more than 99.7%, and the particle size is 140-280 meshes.
Example 6: a cladding method of a TRIP steel coating laser cladded on the surface of 304 stainless steel,
(1) mixing the components of the coating according to a ratio, and then carrying out ball milling, wherein the ball milling tank and the grinding balls are made of stainless steel, and the grinding material ratio is 6: 1, rotating speed of 180r/min, and dry grinding time of 2 h; the drying temperature of the alloy powder is 110 ℃, the drying time is 6 hours, and the alloy powder is obtained after ball milling and drying;
(2) grinding oxide skin on the surface of a 304 stainless steel base material, cleaning the surface with alcohol, drying, presetting alloy powder on the surface of the cleaned 304 stainless steel base material, and carrying out spheroidization on the alloy powder by using a laser spheroidization method to obtain spheroidized alloy powder, wherein the powder laying thickness of the alloy powder is 0.6mm, the laser power is 1kw, the laser spot diameter is 2mm, the laser scanning speed is 3mm/s, the spot size d is 1mm multiplied by 10mm, and the lap joint rate is 30%;
(3) and finally, performing laser cladding on the spheroidized alloy powder by using a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser output power P is 2kW, the scanning speed V is 4mm/s, the spot size d is 1mm multiplied by 10mm, the lap joint rate is 30 percent, and the powder feeding amount is 0.4 g/s.
Example 7: a cladding method of a TRIP steel coating laser cladded on the surface of 304 stainless steel,
(1) mixing the components of the coating according to a ratio, and then carrying out ball milling, wherein the ball milling tank and the grinding balls are made of stainless steel, and the grinding material ratio is 8: 1, rotating speed of 240r/min, and dry grinding time of 5 h; the drying temperature of the alloy powder is 130 ℃, the drying time is 10 hours, and the alloy powder is obtained after ball milling and drying;
(2) grinding oxide skin on the surface of a 304 stainless steel base material, cleaning the surface with alcohol, drying, presetting alloy powder on the surface of the cleaned 304 stainless steel base material, and carrying out spheroidization on the alloy powder by using a laser spheroidization method to obtain spheroidized alloy powder, wherein the powder laying thickness of the alloy powder is 1.5mm, the laser power is 2kw, the laser spot diameter is 4mm, the laser scanning speed is 10mm/s, the spot size d is 1mm multiplied by 10mm, and the lap joint rate is 50%;
(3) and finally, performing laser cladding on the spheroidized alloy powder by using a synchronous powder feeding method, wherein the laser output power P is 3kW, the scanning speed V is 7mm/s, the spot size d is 1mm multiplied by 10mm, the lap joint rate is 50 percent, and the powder feeding amount is 0.8 g/s.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A TRIP steel coating for laser cladding of a 304 stainless steel surface is characterized in that: the alloy is prepared by mixing Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary powder, wherein the alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 67-81 parts, Mn: 10-14 parts of Si: 8-12 parts of P: 0.1-1 part, Al: 1-3 parts of V: 0.1-1 part of Ti: 0.1-1 part and C: 0.1-1 part.
2. The 304 stainless steel surface laser clad TRIP steel coating of claim 1, wherein: the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 71-77 parts of Mn: 11-13 parts of Si: 9-11 parts of, P: 0.3-0.7 parts of Al: 1.5-2.5 parts of V: 0.3-0.7 parts of Ti: 0.3-0.7 parts and C: 0.3-0.7 part.
3. The 304 stainless steel surface laser clad TRIP steel coating of claim 2, wherein: the coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: fe: 74 parts, Mn: 12 parts of Si: 10 parts of, P: 0.5 part, Al: 2 parts and V: 0.5 part, Ti: 0.5 part and C: 0.5 part.
4. The 304 stainless steel surface laser clad TRIP steel coating of claim 1, wherein: the purity of the Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C simple substance powder is more than 99.7%.
5. The 304 stainless steel surface laser clad TRIP steel coating of claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the Fe, Mn, Si, P, Al, V, Ti and C elementary powder is 140-280 meshes.
6. A cladding method of a 304 stainless steel surface laser clad TRIP steel coating according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: mixing the components of the coating according to a ratio, then carrying out dry grinding, and drying after the dry grinding to obtain alloy powder; grinding oxide skin on the surface of the 304 stainless steel base material, cleaning the surface by using alcohol, drying, presetting alloy powder on the cleaned surface of the 304 stainless steel base material, and carrying out spheroidization on the alloy powder by using a laser spheroidization method to obtain spheroidized alloy powder; and finally, carrying out laser cladding on the spheroidized alloy powder by using a synchronous powder feeding method.
7. The cladding method of the TRIP steel coating laser-cladded on the surface of 304 stainless steel according to claim 6, wherein the cladding method comprises the following steps: the dry grinding is ball milling, the ball milling tank and the grinding balls are made of stainless steel, and the grinding material ratio is 6-8: 1, the rotating speed is 180-; the drying temperature of the alloy powder is 110-130 ℃, and the time is 6-10 h.
8. The cladding method of the TRIP steel coating laser-cladded on the surface of 304 stainless steel according to claim 6, wherein the cladding method comprises the following steps: during laser spheroidization, the powder spreading thickness of the alloy powder is 0.6-1.5mm, the laser power is 1-2kw, the laser spot diameter is 2-4mm, the laser scanning speed is 3-10mm/s, the spot size d is 1mm multiplied by 10mm, and the overlapping rate is 30-50%.
9. The cladding method of the TRIP steel coating laser-cladded on the surface of 304 stainless steel according to claim 6, wherein the cladding method comprises the following steps: during laser cladding, the laser output power P is 2-3kW, the scanning speed V is 4-7mm/s, the spot size d is 1mm multiplied by 10mm, the lap joint rate is 30-50%, and the powder feeding amount is 0.4-0.8 g/s.
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| CN108998734A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-14 | 东北大学 | A kind of super high-strength plasticity cold rolling Mn-Al system TRIP steel plate and its short annealing preparation method |
| CN109517947A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-26 | 贵阳市白云区科创生产力促进中心 | A kind of preparation method containing manganese TRIP steel in aluminium |
| CN110396691A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-01 | 贵州大学 | A kind of 6061 aluminium alloy surface treatment methods |
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2020
- 2020-03-06 CN CN202010153450.XA patent/CN111118498B/en active Active
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101928875A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-29 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | High-strength cold-rolled steel sheet with good forming performance and preparation method thereof |
| CN105088220A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-25 | 天津滨海雷克斯激光科技发展有限公司 | Composite carbide and carbonitride alloy used for laser cladding |
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| CN108998734A (en) * | 2018-08-23 | 2018-12-14 | 东北大学 | A kind of super high-strength plasticity cold rolling Mn-Al system TRIP steel plate and its short annealing preparation method |
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