CN111117318A - Preparation method of pigment for Thangka - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a pigment for Thangka, which comprises the steps of cleaning large mineral raw stones, sorting and classifying according to colors, crushing the large mineral raw stones into small stones, crushing the small stones into particles, carrying out wet grinding in a water injection stone mill for three to four days after cleaning, carrying out wet grinding on the small stones as stone green floating on the upper layer, carrying out wet grinding on the coarse stone green floating on the bottom layer as navy blue, carrying out wet grinding on the coarse stone green floating on the upper layer again, carrying out wet grinding on the coarse stone green floating on the uppermost layer as third green, carrying out wet grinding on the second layer as second green, carrying out wet grinding on the bottommost layer as first green, carrying out wet grinding on the coarse navy blue floating on the uppermost layer as light green, carrying out second penultimate layer as second green, carrying out third pen; blending with yellow, light blue, cooked brown and white, light brown, flesh color, etc. to obtain yellow green, dark black, light green, herviolet, black purple, milky white and flesh color pigments; the pigment prepared by the method can inhibit the too fast color attenuation and can ensure that the drawn Thangka painting keeps bright colors for a long time.

Description

Preparation method of pigment for Thangka

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for preparing a special drawing pigment for Tibetan culture Thangka.

Background

The Thangka is similar to scroll painting, and is mainly painted on cloth or paper and then sewn and mounted by silk and satin. The existing pigment for drawing Thangka takes natural minerals and plants as main production raw materials, specifically comprises silver, gold, coral, pearl, gem, saffron, madder, agate, rhubarb and the like, and the used materials are precious and rare in the world drawing history. The rare pigment is used for portrait, and has the advantages of bright color, light and condensed color, distinct pattern gradation, spectacular appearance, long retention time, difficult fading and difficult deterioration. In addition, people in the Thangka art also utilize more than 20 mineral painting pigments comprising cinnabar, copper ore, pyrite, wood and the like, thereby providing convenient conditions for developing the Thangka art.

The preparation of Thangka color is important, generally, one color is prepared by four pigments, for example, adding a proper amount of black into scarlet to change into coffee, adding a proper amount of white into red, and adding a proper amount of chrysanthemum into scarlet to yellow into light red. The concept that red, yellow and blue are three basic colors is obviously different from the concept that red, yellow and blue are used as three basic colors in Western paintings, the basic colors are generally divided into four colors, namely white, yellow, red and blue in the traditional Thangka drawing theory, and the color generated by matching the four basic colors is called as a secondary color.

A good Thangka is drawn by more than 30 colors, even 40 to 50 colors. A picture is synthesized by abundant pigments, and red, yellow, white, black, green, blue, purple and cyan are the most common basic colors. When in specific drawing, an experienced painter can draw at any time, but the experienced painter can be adjusted to be slightly thinner, and each coloring is very thin. The color can be filled three times to achieve fineness, the canvas is well absorbed, and the painting cloth looks like a natural product, fine and beautiful. The Thangka is colored by three primary colors of red, yellow and blue, and the cold and warm contrast of the color is strong.

The Thangka is made of natural minerals and plants, fine substances are volatilized after the natural minerals are finely ground, and natural rays of the minerals and natural plant pigments are easy to generate a large amount of molecular diffusion after being coated on a canvas of China.

The drawbacks of volatilization and molecular diffusion of these shields are: causing the color of the dona to fade.

Since the long-standing Thangka in the modern world is mainly a precious metal raw material, namely: gold, silver, copper, agate and the like cannot be seen as obvious changes in color attenuation, but because the metal substances also generate certain oxidation effect, and because the gold, silver, copper, agate and the like are extremely precious natural minerals, only a very small number of drawn Thangka can be used, and most people collect Thangka which is mainly prepared from natural plants serving as main raw materials. The volatility of plant molecules is stronger than that of natural minerals, so the color attenuation of Thangka is very obvious when the plant is used as a main preparation raw material. When the plant is just painted, an abnormal peak period is generated, the color attenuation degree begins to decline after the plant is placed for a period of time, and the color attenuation degree is gradually and slowly increased later, but the process is an infinite development process until the color is 0. Therefore, a method is needed to suppress the excessive fading of colors.

As the substances in the Thangka generally have molecular volatilization certainly, the pigments drawn on the canvas also have volatilization, and the raw materials of the existing pigments are partially selected from plants which are not easily accepted by human bodies due to the color requirement, and the volatilization of the plants can generate odors which are not accepted by the human bodies.

In summary, there is a need for a Thangka color matching material that can inherit the cultural tradition of Thangka materials and inhibit too fast color attenuation, so that the Thangka painting using plants as main materials can maintain bright colors for a long time.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for preparing a Thangka pigment.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a manufacturing method of a Thangka pigment comprises the following steps:

step one, processing raw materials.

11) Cleaning large mineral raw stone, sorting according to color, crushing into small stone by a large crusher, cleaning, primarily crushing the mineral pigment into granules by a small crusher, and cleaning and putting into a water injection stone mill.

12) Wet grinding for three to four days by using a stone mill, floating and clarifying the ground pigment powder in water, and taking the pigment powder floating on the upper layer as a stone green coarse material and taking the pigment powder sinking on the bottom as a navy blue coarse material.

13) Wet grinding the stone green coarse material again for five to six days by using a stone mill, placing the stone green coarse material in water for natural precipitation, taking the layer floating on the top as three green, taking the second layer on the top as two green, and taking the layer sinking on the bottom as head green.

14) The navy blue coarse material is wet-milled again for five to six days by using a stone mill, is placed in water for natural precipitation, the topmost layer is used as light cyan, the second last layer is used as second cyan (the second cyan belongs to mineral pigments, is special pigments for painting traditional Chinese paintings and is also special pigments for drawing Thangka, and is generally sold in a pipe and is also provided with pigment powder), the third last layer is used as third cyan, and the bottom layer is used as first cyan.

15) And extracting the pigments in layers, storing the pigments separately, and repeatedly airing the pigments.

And step two, proportioning the pigments.

21) Selecting yellow pigment (primary color) and green pigment to prepare yellow-green pigment; selecting the cyanine pigment and the head green, and blending to obtain the dark green pigment.

22) And mixing the white pigment, the brown pigment and the green pigment to obtain the dark black pigment.

23) Selecting white pigment (primary color) and three greens to prepare the light green pigment.

24) Selecting white pigment (primary color), bright red pigment (primary color) and blue-green pigment to prepare the hertzian purple pigment.

25) Selecting light brown pigment and three green pigments for blending to obtain black purple pigment; selecting a white pigment and mixing the three green to obtain a milky white pigment; selecting the meat pigment and the three green and blending to obtain the green meat pigment.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the pigment prepared by the method can inhibit the too fast color attenuation and can ensure that the drawn Thangka painting keeps bright colors for a long time.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention are described below with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Before drawing the Thangka, various preparation works are firstly made.

As for the colors, various colors required on the Thangka to be drawn need to be prepared in advance, not only the main color but also various mixed colors need to be prepared, and if the various mixed colors can be freely prepared and the rules and the characteristics of the mixed colors can be mastered, the method can be very effective and flexible to different situations of people, seasons and the like.

The Thangka can be divided into primary color and secondary color, and the worries are chassised, seeded and sprouted: "main and auxiliary color matching and brightness, white, yellow, red, blue and green as main colors, orange, flesh and pinzhi, dark black, smoke, earth, purple black, pinte green and bone color as auxiliary and middle colors".

Each of the above colors can be divided into a plurality of colors. There are generally thirty-two secondary colors, white, yellow-white, pinkish, yellow, pale yellow, orange and orange, red, pink, dark red, carmine, blue, light blue, dark cyan, pinkish rock green, turquoise green, pink and dark green, flesh, tea, dark and gray, purple, violet-black, light carmine and magenta, tobacco tar, dark smoke, bone and black, among other widely used color matching methods. The five primary colors produced locally in the hidden area are white, yellow, red, cyan, green and other primary colors which are matched to produce various mixed colors called secondary colors.

First, source, kind and method of raw material.

Mineral pigments are mainly produced in the west and inner countries of the sea and Qinghai provinces. The purchased raw materials are all 'big-end' raw stones, and the processing method comprises the following steps:

firstly, the raw materials are cleaned and sorted and classified according to the color.

It is secondarily crushed into small stones by a large crusher and cleaned.

And then crushing by using a small crusher, primarily crushing the blocky mineral pigments into particles, washing by using clean water again, and finally putting the crushed mineral pigments into a water injection stone mill for continuous wet grinding, wherein the process lasts for three to four days. Grinding the raw materials into powder by a stone mill, placing the powder into water for floating and clarifying, and performing layered extraction like petroleum, wherein the stone green is floating on the upper picture, the navy blue is sinking at the bottom, and the powder is required to be extracted and stored separately.

In addition, after wet milling for five to six days in a stone mill, the uppermost layer naturally precipitated in water is light green, the second layer is three green, the third layer is two green, the bottommost layer is head green, green is divided into three green on the uppermost layer, two green on the second layer and head green on the bottom layer according to the same method. The color of the ore is never changed, and the ore needs to be repeatedly aired.

Secondly, a mineral pigment proportioning method.

The mineral pigment for drawing the Thangka is prepared by blending the colors except for a plurality of main colors, wherein the yellow pigment, the white pigment and the bright red pigment are all selected and purchased primary color pigments.

The white and the lime are mixed into two and three greens.

The dark brown color is whitened to light brown.

Adding three green to light fat to form herpurple, and adding a small amount of red to form pink.

Yellow is added with yellow lead, white is added with black to form a brown color, yellow is added with a small amount of yellow lead to form orange yellow, white is added with a small amount of sanqing and yellow to form milky white, and white is added with a small amount of yellow lead to form a flesh color.

White (primary color) and yellow (primary color) are blended to light yellow (yellow 1/3 + white 2/3 is light yellow).

White (primary color) and orange are mixed to light orange.

White (primary color) and bright red (primary color) are blended into pale red.

White (primary color) and triadimefon are blended into light cyan (triadimefon 2/3 + white 1/3 ═ light cyan).

White (primary color) and tri-green are blended into light green (tri-green 1/3 + white 2/3 ═ light green).

Adding Cyanine and herba Schoenoprasi to make them emerald green.

Head green plus yellow (primary color) turns yellow-green (head green 2/3 + yellow 1/3 ═ yellow-green).

Adding yellow (primary color) into Plumbum Preparatium to obtain orange yellow.

Yellow lead is added with yellow, green and black to form dark brown.

Ocher 3/5 + yellow 1/5 + white 1/5 is pale brown.

Adding three green into light brown to form black purple.

Black (primary color) plus white (primary color) to gray (black 3/5 + white 1/5 ═ gray).

Cyanine plus cephalic green to dark green.

Adding yellow lead and black lead to obtain dark orange red.

The grey (primary color) is added with orange to form the smoke color.

Scarlet is inked to dark red (scarlet 3/4 + black 1/4).

Scarlet 1/5 + touqing 3/5 + white 1/5 ═ herviolet.

Adding small amount of red into HE purple to obtain pink.

The rouge is added with a small amount of cyanine to form dark fat.

Yellow (primary color) is added with yellow lead, white and black to obtain brown.

Yellow plus a small amount of red resembles yellow lead.

Yellow (primary color) is added with a small amount of yellow lead to form orange yellow.

The brown color is added with light orange to form a hair color.

White (primary color) plus a small amount of sanqing and yellow to form milky white.

Orange 3/5 + vermilion 1/5 + white 1/5 is flesh color.

The meat color is changed into yellow meat color by adding a small amount of yellow.

The meat color is added with a small amount of red to form red meat color.

Adding a small amount of three greens into the meat color to obtain the green meat color.

The meat color is changed into green meat color by adding a small amount of three greens.

The flesh color is added with a small amount of rouge to be purple flesh color and other countless dark and light different colors. In addition, the color of the sediment at the bottom of the pen washing barrel is stored in a concentrated mode according to experience, so that the color is a good color which cannot be called manually, and the color is required to be stored and used.

Thirdly, the preparation process and the preparation proportion of the mineral pigment of Thangka.

The colors used by the traditional Chinese painting and the mineral pigments of the Thangka have a plurality of common points, namely mineral colors and plant colors, wherein the colors which can be directly utilized in the Thangka painting include first cyan, second cyan, third cyan, first green, second green, third green, scarlet, cinnabar, stone yellow, cyanine, carmine, eosin, cinnabar, ochre, calcined brown, zinc titanium white, zinc titanium black and the like.

The colors blended based on the above colors are many, such as:

scarlet 4/10 + cinnabar 4/10 + cinnabar 30950.

White 1/3 + carmine 2/3 is a pale carmine color.

Light red 1/3 + white 2/3 ═ pink.

Cinnabar 5/10 + cinnabar 30950.

Orange 6/10 + yellow 4/10 is orange.

Orange 1/5 + yellow 1/5 + white 1/5 is pale orange.

Yellow 2/3 + cyanine 1/3 is grass green.

Sanqing 4/10 + white 6/10 is pale cyan.

Trilobe 4/10 + white 6/10 is pale trilobe.

Scarlet 5/10 + cinnabar 3/10 + cinnabar 30950.

White 6/10 + carmine 4/10 is a pale carmine color.

Light red 6/10 + white 4/10 ═ pink.

Cinnabar 3/10 + cinnabar 30950.

Orange 4/10 + yellow 6/10 is orange.

Orange 3/10 + yellow 2/10 + white 5/10 is pale orange.

Yellow 2/3 + white 1/3 is pale yellow.

Ocher 3/5 + yellow 1/5 + white 1/5 is pale brown.

Head green 2/3 + yellow 1/3 is yellow-green.

Scarlet 4/10 + touqing 4/10 + white 2/10 ═ herviolet.

Bright red 3/4 + black 1/4 is dark red.

Dark black, which is composed of cooked brown 3/5 + dilulver 1/5 + white 1/5.

Orange 2/10 + vermilion 1/10 + white 7/10 is flesh color.

Black 1/3 + white 2/3 is gray.

Yellow 1/3 + cyanine 2/3, dark grass green.

The basic Thangka mineral pigment toning and coloring method adopts the formula, and countless pigment pigments can be prepared by the formula, so that a practitioner can feel and master the pigment pigments.

Fourthly, the application of the mineral pigment of the Down Ka is explained.

The beginners of Thangka need to master the functions and color setting and blending methods of various colors, and need to know what color should be used at what position after finishing the drawing, and the expression forms and effects of different colors, so that the feeling of people will be different.

From the relationship of shape and color: the shape is primary and the color is secondary. The two effects can be produced by different senses. One is a different effect resulting from a different shape; the other is a different effect produced by a different color.

For example, the feeling of a large square column in a temple is completely different from the feeling of a small cylinder in a common household. Golden bottles in orange color and silver bottles in white color also give people a completely different feeling. By analyzing different shapes and colors, we can judge the nature of many things.

The shape plays a great role in representing the characteristics of different objects, but the auxiliary role of color is also important. For two objects with the same shape and different twill colors, we will have different definitions and names according to their different colors.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and some embodiments of the invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (2)

1. The preparation method of the pigment for Thangka is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step one, processing raw materials

11) Cleaning large mineral raw stones, sorting and classifying according to colors, crushing the large mineral raw stones into small stones by using a large crusher, cleaning the small stones, primarily crushing blocky mineral pigments into particles by using a small crusher, and putting the particles into a water injection stone mill after cleaning;

12) wet grinding for three to four days by using a stone mill, floating and clarifying the ground pigment powder in water, and taking the pigment powder floating on the upper layer as a stone green coarse material and sinking on the bottom as a navy blue coarse material;

13) wet grinding the stone green coarse material for five to six days again by using a stone mill, placing the stone green coarse material in water for natural precipitation, taking the layer floating on the top as third green, taking the second layer on the top as second green, and taking the layer sinking on the bottom as head green;

14) wet grinding the navy blue coarse material for five to six days again by using a stone mill, placing the navy blue coarse material in water for natural precipitation, taking the layer floating on the top as light cyan, the second layer from the last to the last as second cyan, the third layer from the last to the last as third cyan, and the layer sinking on the bottom as first cyan;

15) extracting the pigments in layers, storing separately and repeatedly airing;

step two, proportioning of pigments

21) Selecting a yellow pigment and green pigment to prepare a yellow-green pigment; selecting a cyanine pigment and a head green, and blending to obtain a dark green pigment;

22) selecting cooked brown pigment, white pigment and green pigment, and blending to obtain dark black pigment;

23) selecting white pigment and three greens to prepare light green pigment;

24) selecting white pigment, bright red pigment and blue pigment, and blending to obtain hertzian pigment;

25) selecting light brown pigment and three green pigments for blending to obtain black purple pigment; selecting a white pigment and mixing the three green to obtain a milky white pigment; selecting the meat pigment and the three green and blending to obtain the green meat pigment.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yellow pigment, the white pigment and the bright red pigment in step two are all primary color pigments purchased from outsourcing.