CN111109271A - Dragon fruit root mite killing composition and prevention and control method of dragon fruit root mites - Google Patents
Dragon fruit root mite killing composition and prevention and control method of dragon fruit root mites Download PDFInfo
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- CN111109271A CN111109271A CN201911283468.5A CN201911283468A CN111109271A CN 111109271 A CN111109271 A CN 111109271A CN 201911283468 A CN201911283468 A CN 201911283468A CN 111109271 A CN111109271 A CN 111109271A
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dragon fruit root mite killing composition, which comprises the following components: abamectin, spirodiclofen and plant essential oil penetrant. A method for preventing and treating dragon fruit root mites comprises the following steps: removing diseased roots of the dragon fruit plants, digging the diseased roots of the dragon fruits from soil, and then uniformly treating; suspending the healthy trunk by a suspension device, and airing the cut for later use; pouring a dragon fruit root mite killing composition diluted by water into the soil pit; cutting the healthy trunk into soil, and irrigating a certain amount of rooting agent to promote rooting; watering the soil surface around the healthy trunk which recovers growth with the water diluted pitaya root mite killing composition. The method has less investment and does not need to change other crops; the acarid killing effect is complete and no recurrence is caused; the root system can recover and grow quickly; the flowering and fruiting of the dragon fruits are quickly recovered.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dragon fruit planting, and particularly relates to a dragon fruit root mite killing composition and a dragon fruit root mite control method.
Background
The dragon fruit is an important tropical economic crop in China, the planting area is about 100 ten thousand mu in China, and the current propagation mode of the dragon fruit is branch cuttage. The Pityrosporum ovale belongs to the subclasses Acarina, order of Dermatophagoides farinae and family of Dermatophagoides farinae, is a worldwide pest mite, and is widely distributed in China. Root mites develop from eggs to adult mites through 5 stages: eggs, first nymph, second nymph, third nymph and adult mites. The root mites of the dragon fruits mainly harm the roots of the dragon fruits, live in the roots to eat the roots of the dragon fruits, early symptoms are that leaves of the dragon fruits are gradually shriveled, the growth vigor is short, the fruits are reduced, the yield is reduced, the roots are completely eaten in the later period of harm, the roots cannot absorb water and fertilizer, the leaves are dry, flowers fall, and fruits fall, and the roots are harvested absolutely. The dragon fruit root mites only inhabit the roots and do not enter trunks and branches.
At present, the root mites of the dragon fruits have two methods, one is that the dragon fruits in a diseased field are all eradicated, other crops are replanted for 2 to 3 years, the method has the advantages that the control is thorough, the loss is huge, the current dragon fruit mode is cement plant upright post row type planting, the drip irrigation and fertilization integrated facility agriculture is basically adopted, the seedlings, the cement plants, the steel wire ropes, the labor, the fertilizers and the like which are input in the first year of one mu of the dragon fruits are estimated according to Guangxi golden ear agriculture group, the seedlings, the cement plants, the steel wire ropes, the labor, the fertilizers and the like are input in about 2 ten thousand yuan, and the other crops which are all eradicated and. The second method is to directly irrigate acaricides, such as chlorpyrifos, fosthiazate and other agents, near the rhizosphere soil of the dragon fruit, and the method has certain effects, but has the defects of incapability of killing, easiness in recurrence and slow root system recovery, namely, incapability of killing the dactylogyrus which hides in the root system below the soil, and the general agents can contact the root system only through the soil; the incomplete killing means that the root mites like to hide in the deep of the residual root, are difficult to clear and are easy to relapse into diseases; the slow recovery of the root system means that the root system is poor in activity and even partially necrotized after being damaged by the root mites, and the root system is recovered very slowly after the root mites are killed.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a dragon fruit root mite killing composition;
the invention also aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling the root mites of the pitaya, which can kill the mites thoroughly without relapse; the root system can recover and grow quickly; the flowering and fruiting of the dragon fruits are quickly recovered.
The invention also aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling the root mites of the pitaya;
the invention also aims to provide an application of the prevention and control method of the dragon fruit root mites in dragon fruit planting, and aims to provide a scientific using amount and a scientific application method for the application of the prevention and control method of the dragon fruit root mites.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a dragon fruit root mite killing composition, comprising the following components in parts by weight:
2-5 parts of abamectin, 20-25 parts of spirodiclofen and 300-400 parts of plant essential oil penetrant.
Preferably, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5 parts of abamectin, 24 parts of spirodiclofen and 350 parts of plant essential oil penetrant.
A method for preventing and treating dragon fruit root mites comprises the following steps:
firstly, cutting diseased roots of pitaya plants, digging the diseased roots of the pitaya from soil, and then uniformly treating;
suspending the healthy trunk after cutting off the diseased roots of the dragon fruit plants by using a suspension device, and airing the cut for later use;
pouring 500-1000 times of the dragon fruit root mite killing composition diluted by water into a soil pit formed after the diseased roots of the dragon fruit plants are dug;
step four, the healthy trunks which are hung and processed in the step two are inserted into the soil in a cuttage mode, and a certain amount of rooting agent is poured to promote rooting;
step five, after 55-65 days, circling and irrigating the soil surface of 10-40cm around the recovered healthy trunk by using the pitaya root mite killing composition diluted by 500-1000 times through water;
the ratio of the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the second step to the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the fifth step is 2: 1-3: 1.
Preferably, the incision is spaced at least 5cm from the uppermost end of the diseased root.
Preferably, before the suspension processing, the method further comprises the following steps:
and (3) upwards cutting, removing the re-epidermis of the dragon fruit stem of part of the stem section of the healthy main stem, exposing a middle vascular bundle of 3-5 cm, and suspending and airing for later use.
Preferably, when the planting density of the dragon fruits is 1000 plants/mu, the dosage of the dragon fruit root mite killing composition in the second step is 5 kg/mu.
Preferably, the rooting agent is any one of algin, amino-oligosaccharin or potassium fulvate;
when the rooting agent is algin or potassium fulvate, the using amount of each dragon fruit plant is 0.2 g, and water is added to 1.8-2.2 kg;
or when the rooting agent is amino-oligosaccharin, the using amount of each dragon fruit plant is 0.1 g, and water is added until the amount is 1.8-2.2 kg.
Preferably, in the second step, the time for the health trunk to be suspended in the air is at least 4 days, and the suspension device further includes:
the support frame comprises a rod-shaped base, and a plurality of fixed claws are dispersedly arranged on the lower end surface of the rod-shaped base; the plurality of longitudinal rods are uniformly dispersed and vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the rod-shaped base, and the lower ends of the plurality of longitudinal rods are arranged in a sliding manner relative to the rod-shaped base in the length direction of the rod-shaped base; the plurality of sleeves are fixed on the plurality of longitudinal bars in a manner of being approximately parallel to the ground, and at least two sleeves which are spaced from each other are arranged on any longitudinal bar; a plurality of inner cores, one of which is correspondingly and slidably arranged in the plurality of sleeves coaxially; and
the elastic buffer layers are attached to the inner side walls of the fixing buckles so as to form a triangular-cylinder-shaped accommodating space between the elastic buffer layers of any fixing buckle; the plurality of fixing buckles are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the front ends of the inner cores close to and vertical to the ground. A side wall of a plurality of fixing buttons can be opened and closed, such as: the connection department of two adjacent lateral walls sets up through the lotus leaf structure is articulated to form the structure of "door" on a plurality of fixed knots, conveniently open and close, and set up on the lateral wall of fixed knot and tie up tying up structures such as rope. The elastic buffer layer is attached to the inner side walls of the fixing buckles, so that the outer skins of the fixed healthy trunks can be effectively protected, and mechanical damage is avoided.
Preferably, the plurality of fixed claws are of metal rod-shaped or sheet-shaped structures, and the length of any fixed claw is at least 10 cm; the height of any one of the plurality of longitudinal bars is at least 50 cm; the length of any one of the plurality of sleeves does not exceed 20 cm; the length of any sleeve in the plurality of inner cores does not exceed 30 cm.
Preferably, the first step further comprises the steps of:
1.1, inserting a suspension device into soil near a diseased dragon fruit plant through a plurality of fixing claws for fixing, so that the distance L between at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device and the diseased dragon fruit plant is more than 5cm and less than 10 cm;
1.2, vertically fixing at least two fixing buckles on at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device on a healthy trunk of the diseased dragon fruit plant, and then cutting off the diseased root of the dragon fruit plant; and
1.3, adjusting at least two inner cores in which at least two fixing buckles fixed with the healthy trunk slide in the sleeve pipe, so that the healthy trunk and the diseased root are staggered by at least 3 cm;
1.4, digging diseased roots of the dragon fruits from soil and then uniformly treating the diseased roots.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the investment is small, the investment cost per mu is about 500 yuan, and other crops do not need to be changed;
the acaricidal effect is completely achieved without recurrence, and the acaricidal effect can reach more than 98% after twice administration;
the root system can recover and grow quickly, the root system can start to root about 15 days after the treatment, and the root system can completely recover and grow about 45 days;
the dragon fruits can be quickly recovered to bloom and bear fruits, and the normal blooming and bearing fruits of the general dragon fruits damaged in the blooming and bearing period can be recovered after 3 months through the treatment.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for controlling pitaya root mites according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view in front section of a suspension according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view in front section of a suspension according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a suspension system according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein the side rail and the housing tube are disposed approximately vertically;
FIG. 5 is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a suspension system according to another embodiment of the invention, wherein the side rail and the housing tube are disposed approximately vertically;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a retaining buckle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a cross section of a holder buckle according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating dragon fruit root mites, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5 parts of abamectin, 24 parts of spirodiclofen and 350 parts of plant essential oil penetrant.
Example 2
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating dragon fruit root mites, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
2 parts of abamectin, 20 parts of spirodiclofen and 300 parts of plant essential oil penetrant.
Example 3
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating dragon fruit root mites, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
3 parts of abamectin, 25 parts of spirodiclofen and 400 parts of plant essential oil penetrant.
Example 4
The pitaya root mite killing composition of the embodiment 1 is applied to control root mites, and specifically comprises the following components:
the invention provides a prevention and control method of pitaya root mites, which comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, firstly, removing diseased roots of dragon fruit plants, digging the diseased roots of the dragon fruits from soil, and then uniformly treating;
suspending the healthy trunk after cutting off the diseased roots of the dragon fruit plants by using a suspension device, and airing the cut for later use; wherein, the compound skin of the dragon fruit stem of part of the stem section of the healthy main stem is removed from the upward cutting opening, the middle vascular bundle of 3cm is exposed, and the dragon fruit stem is hung in the air and dried for later use;
pouring a 1000-time diluted pitaya root mite killing composition into a soil pit formed after the diseased roots of the pitaya plants are dug;
step four, the healthy trunks which are hung and processed in the step two are inserted into the soil in a cuttage mode, and a certain amount of rooting agent is poured to promote rooting;
step five, after 55 days, the pitaya root mite killing composition diluted by 1000 times by water is poured in a circle on the surface of the soil of 10cm around the healthy trunk which recovers growth;
the ratio of the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the second step to the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the fifth step is 2: 1.
The rooting agent is algin, the using amount of each dragon fruit plant is 0.2 g, and water is added to 1.8 kg.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, in the second step, the suspension time of the healthy trunk is 4 days, and the suspension device further includes:
the supporting frame 10 comprises a rod-shaped base 101, wherein a plurality of fixing claws 102 are dispersedly arranged on the lower end surface of the rod-shaped base; the plurality of longitudinal rods 103 are uniformly dispersed and vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the rod-shaped base, and the lower ends of the plurality of longitudinal rods are arranged in a sliding manner relative to the rod-shaped base in the length direction of the rod-shaped base; a plurality of sleeves 104 which are fixed on the plurality of longitudinal bars in a manner of being approximately parallel to the ground, and at least two sleeves which are spaced from each other are arranged on any longitudinal bar; a plurality of inner cores 105, one of which is correspondingly and slidably coaxially arranged in the plurality of sleeves; the rod-shaped base can be a metal rod body with a trapezoidal cross section to fix and support other structures arranged above the rod-shaped base, a plurality of fixing claws are inserted into soil to fix the support frame, and the length of any fixing claw can be 8cm, 10cm, 13cm or 17cm and the like; the sleeve and the inner core correspondingly arranged on the sleeve are arranged in a relative sliding manner through the guide rail, the sleeve can be provided with a threaded hole, and the inner core can be fixed through the mutual matching of a bolt and the threaded hole; and
a plurality of fixing buckles 20, wherein any fixing buckle in the plurality of fixing buckles is a hollow cylinder structure with a side wall capable of being opened and closed, the cross section of the hollow cylinder structure is triangular, and elastic buffer layers 201 are attached to the inner side walls of the plurality of fixing buckles so as to form a triangular-cylinder-shaped accommodating space between the elastic buffer layers of any fixing buckle; the plurality of fixing buckles are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the front ends of the inner cores close to and vertical to the ground.
The fixing claws are of metal rod-shaped or sheet-shaped structures, and the length of any fixing claw is at least 10 cm; the height of any one of the plurality of longitudinal bars is at least 50 cm; the length of any one of the plurality of sleeves does not exceed 20 cm; the length of any sleeve in the plurality of inner cores does not exceed 30 cm.
When the healthy trunk is fixed by the suspension device, the first step further comprises the following steps:
1.1, inserting a suspension device into soil near a diseased dragon fruit plant through a plurality of fixing claws for fixing, so that the distance L between at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device and the diseased dragon fruit plant is 5 cm;
1.2, vertically fixing at least two fixing buckles on at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device on a healthy trunk of the diseased dragon fruit plant, and then cutting off the diseased root of the dragon fruit plant; the triangular cylindrical accommodating space is matched with the size and the shape of the triangular cylindrical structure of the healthy main stem of the dragon fruit, and the elastic buffer layer is abutted against the side wall of the healthy main stem of the dragon fruit, so that stem sections can be effectively protected, mechanical damage is avoided, the structure is simple, and the application is convenient; and
1.3, adjusting at least two inner cores in which at least two fixing buckles fixed with the healthy trunk slide in the sleeve pipe, so that the healthy trunk and the diseased root are staggered by 3cm, 4cm, 5cm or 6cm and the like; so as to vacate the upper space and facilitate manual digging of diseased roots of the dragon fruits from the soil.
1.4, digging diseased roots of the dragon fruits from soil and then uniformly treating the diseased roots. The diseased roots of the dragon fruits are generally treated uniformly in a burning or landfill mode, and the roots are far away from a dragon fruit plantation during landfill.
Example 5
The pitaya root mite killing composition of the embodiment 2 is applied to control root mites, and specifically comprises the following components:
the invention provides a prevention and control method of pitaya root mites, which comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, firstly, removing diseased roots of dragon fruit plants, digging the diseased roots of the dragon fruits from soil, and then uniformly treating;
suspending the healthy trunk after cutting off the diseased roots of the dragon fruit plants by using a suspension device, and airing the cut for later use; wherein, the compound skin of the dragon fruit stem of part of the stem section of the healthy main stem is removed from the upward cutting opening, the middle vascular bundle of 4cm is exposed, and the dragon fruit stem is hung in the air and dried for later use;
pouring a pitaya root mite killing composition diluted by 800 times with water into a soil pit formed after the diseased roots of the pitaya plants are dug;
step four, the healthy trunks which are hung and processed in the step two are inserted into the soil in a cuttage mode, and a certain amount of rooting agent is poured to promote rooting;
step five, after 60 days, drawing a circle on the surface of 25cm soil around the healthy trunk which recovers growth, and irrigating the dragon fruit root mite killing composition diluted by 800 times by water;
the ratio of the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the second step to the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the fifth step is 12: 5.
The rooting agent is potassium fulvate, the using amount of each dragon fruit plant is 0.2 g, and water is added until the amount is 1.8-2.2 kg.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, in the second step, the suspension time of the healthy trunk is 5 days, and the suspension device further includes:
the supporting frame 10 comprises a rod-shaped base 101, wherein a plurality of fixing claws 102 are dispersedly arranged on the lower end surface of the rod-shaped base; the plurality of longitudinal rods 103 are uniformly dispersed and vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the rod-shaped base, and the lower ends of the plurality of longitudinal rods are arranged in a sliding manner relative to the rod-shaped base in the length direction of the rod-shaped base; a plurality of sleeves 104 which are fixed on the plurality of longitudinal bars in a manner of being approximately parallel to the ground, and at least two sleeves which are spaced from each other are arranged on any longitudinal bar; a plurality of inner cores 105, one of which is correspondingly and slidably coaxially arranged in the plurality of sleeves; the rod-shaped base can be a metal rod body with a trapezoidal cross section to fix and support other structures arranged above the rod-shaped base, a plurality of fixing claws are inserted into soil to fix the support frame, and the length of any fixing claw can be 8cm, 10cm, 13cm or 17cm and the like; the sleeve and the inner core correspondingly arranged on the sleeve are arranged in a relative sliding manner through the guide rail, the sleeve can be provided with a threaded hole, and the inner core can be fixed through the mutual matching of a bolt and the threaded hole; and
a plurality of fixing buckles 20, wherein any fixing buckle in the plurality of fixing buckles is a hollow cylinder structure with a side wall capable of being opened and closed, the cross section of the hollow cylinder structure is triangular, and elastic buffer layers 201 are attached to the inner side walls of the plurality of fixing buckles so as to form a triangular-cylinder-shaped accommodating space between the elastic buffer layers of any fixing buckle; the plurality of fixing buckles are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the front ends of the inner cores close to and vertical to the ground. A side wall of a plurality of fixing buttons can be opened and closed, such as: the connection department of two adjacent lateral walls sets up through the lotus leaf structure is articulated to form the structure of "door" on a plurality of fixed knots, conveniently open and close, and set up on the lateral wall of fixed knot and tie up tying up structures such as rope 202.
The fixing claws are of metal rod-shaped or sheet-shaped structures, and the length of any fixing claw is at least 10 cm; the height of any one of the plurality of longitudinal bars is at least 50 cm; the length of any one of the plurality of sleeves does not exceed 20 cm; the length of any sleeve in the plurality of inner cores does not exceed 30 cm.
When the healthy trunk is fixed by the suspension device, the first step further comprises the following steps:
1.1, inserting a suspension device into soil near a diseased dragon fruit plant through a plurality of fixing claws for fixing, so that the distance L between at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device and the diseased dragon fruit plant is 7 cm;
1.2, vertically fixing at least two fixing buckles on at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device on a healthy trunk of the diseased dragon fruit plant, and then cutting off the diseased root of the dragon fruit plant; the triangular cylindrical accommodating space is matched with the size and the shape of the triangular cylindrical structure of the healthy main stem of the dragon fruit, and the elastic buffer layer is abutted against the side wall of the healthy main stem of the dragon fruit, so that stem sections can be effectively protected, mechanical damage is avoided, the structure is simple, and the application is convenient; and
1.3, adjusting at least two inner cores in which at least two fixing buckles fixed with the healthy trunk slide in the sleeve pipe, so that the healthy trunk and the diseased root are staggered by 3cm, 4cm, 5cm or 6cm and the like; so as to vacate the upper space and facilitate manual digging of diseased roots of the dragon fruits from the soil.
1.4, digging diseased roots of the dragon fruits from soil and then uniformly treating the diseased roots. The diseased roots of the dragon fruits are generally treated uniformly in a burning or landfill mode, and the roots are far away from a dragon fruit plantation during landfill.
Example 6
The pitaya root mite killing composition of the embodiment 3 is applied to control root mites, and specifically comprises the following components:
the invention provides a prevention and control method of pitaya root mites, which comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for controlling pitaya root mites comprises the following steps:
firstly, cutting diseased roots of pitaya plants, digging the diseased roots of the pitaya from soil, and then uniformly treating;
suspending the healthy trunk after cutting off the diseased roots of the dragon fruit plants by using a suspension device, and airing the cut for later use; wherein, the compound skin of the dragon fruit stem of part of the stem section of the healthy main stem is removed from the upward cutting opening, and the middle vascular bundle of 5cm is exposed, suspended and dried for later use;
pouring a 1000-time diluted pitaya root mite killing composition into a soil pit formed after the diseased roots of the pitaya plants are dug;
step four, the healthy trunks which are hung and processed in the step two are inserted into the soil in a cuttage mode, and a certain amount of rooting agent is poured to promote rooting;
step five, after 65 days, the pitaya root mite killing composition diluted by 500 times by water is poured in a circle on the surface of the soil 40cm around the healthy trunk which recovers growth;
the ratio of the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the second step to the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the fifth step is 3: 1.
The rooting agent is amino-oligosaccharin, the using amount of each dragon fruit plant is 0.1 g, and water is added until 1.8-2.2 kg.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, in the second step, the suspension time of the healthy trunk is 6 days, and the suspension device further includes:
the supporting frame 10 comprises a rod-shaped base 101, wherein a plurality of fixing claws 102 are dispersedly arranged on the lower end surface of the rod-shaped base; the plurality of longitudinal rods 103 are uniformly dispersed and vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the rod-shaped base, and the lower ends of the plurality of longitudinal rods are arranged in a sliding manner relative to the rod-shaped base in the length direction of the rod-shaped base; a plurality of sleeves 104 which are fixed on the plurality of longitudinal bars in a manner of being approximately parallel to the ground, and at least two sleeves which are spaced from each other are arranged on any longitudinal bar; a plurality of inner cores 105, one of which is correspondingly and slidably coaxially arranged in the plurality of sleeves; the rod-shaped base can be a metal rod body with a trapezoidal cross section to fix and support other structures arranged above the rod-shaped base, a plurality of fixing claws are inserted into soil to fix the support frame, and the length of any fixing claw can be 8cm, 10cm, 13cm or 17cm and the like; the sleeve and the inner core correspondingly arranged on the sleeve are arranged in a relative sliding manner through the guide rail, the sleeve can be provided with a threaded hole, and the inner core can be fixed through the mutual matching of a bolt and the threaded hole; and
a plurality of fixing buckles 20, wherein any fixing buckle in the plurality of fixing buckles is a hollow cylinder structure with a side wall capable of being opened and closed, the cross section of the hollow cylinder structure is triangular, and elastic buffer layers 201 are attached to the inner side walls of the plurality of fixing buckles so as to form a triangular-cylinder-shaped accommodating space between the elastic buffer layers of any fixing buckle; the plurality of fixing buckles are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the front ends of the inner cores close to and vertical to the ground.
The fixing claws are of metal rod-shaped or sheet-shaped structures, and the length of any fixing claw is at least 10 cm; the height of any one of the plurality of longitudinal bars is at least 50 cm; the length of any one of the plurality of sleeves does not exceed 20 cm; the length of any sleeve in the plurality of inner cores does not exceed 30 cm.
When the healthy trunk is fixed by the suspension device, the first step further comprises the following steps:
1.1, inserting a suspension device into soil near a diseased dragon fruit plant through a plurality of fixing claws for fixing, so that the distance L between at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device and the diseased dragon fruit plant is 10 cm;
1.2, vertically fixing at least two fixing buckles on at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device on a healthy trunk of the diseased dragon fruit plant, and then cutting off the diseased root of the dragon fruit plant; the triangular cylindrical accommodating space is matched with the size and the shape of the triangular cylindrical structure of the healthy main stem of the dragon fruit, and the elastic buffer layer is abutted against the side wall of the healthy main stem of the dragon fruit, so that stem sections can be effectively protected, mechanical damage is avoided, the structure is simple, and the application is convenient; and
1.3, adjusting at least two inner cores in which at least two fixing buckles fixed with the healthy trunk slide in the sleeve pipe, so that the healthy trunk and the diseased root are staggered by 3cm, 4cm, 5cm or 6cm and the like; so as to vacate the upper space and facilitate manual digging of diseased roots of the dragon fruits from the soil.
1.4, digging diseased roots of the dragon fruits from soil and then uniformly treating the diseased roots. The diseased roots of the dragon fruits are generally treated uniformly in a burning or landfill mode, and the roots are far away from a dragon fruit plantation during landfill.
Selecting a plot with adjacent root mite diseases for root mite killing treatment, and setting an experimental group and a control group:
experimental group 1:
the method of example 4 is adopted to prevent and control the root mites, and when the planting density of the dragon fruits is 1000 plants/mu, the dosage of the undiluted dragon fruit root mite killing composition is 5 kg/mu.
Control group 1
When the planting density of the dragon fruits is 1000 plants/mu, the conventional root-irrigation method for preventing and controlling the root mites comprises the following steps: the rotten roots are not removed, the roots are irrigated once by adopting 5 percent fosthiazate, the dosage of the undiluted 5 percent fosthiazate is 5 kilograms/mu, and the dilution times are the same as those of the experimental group 1.
Experimental group 2:
the method of example 5 is adopted to prevent and control the root mites, and when the planting density of the dragon fruits is 1000 plants/mu, the dosage of the undiluted dragon fruit root mite killing composition is 5 kg/mu.
Control group 2
When the planting density of the dragon fruits is 1000 plants/mu, the conventional root-irrigation method for preventing and controlling the root mites comprises the following steps: the roots of the chlorpyrifos are not removed, the roots are irrigated once by adopting 40 percent of chlorpyrifos, the dosage of the undiluted roots irrigated by the chlorpyrifos of 40 percent is 5 kilograms per mu, and the dilution times are the same as those of the experimental group 2.
Experimental group 3:
the method of example 6 is adopted to prevent and control the root mites, and when the planting density of the dragon fruits is 1000 plants/mu, the dosage of the undiluted dragon fruit root mite killing composition is 5 kg/mu.
Control group 3
When the planting density of the dragon fruits is 1000 plants/mu, the conventional root-irrigation method for preventing and controlling the root mites comprises the following steps: the roots of the test group 3 were not removed, and the roots were irrigated once with 40% chlorpyrifos, and the amount of the undiluted roots irrigated with 40% chlorpyrifos was 5 kg/mu.
Statistical analysis is carried out on all indexes in the prevention and control process and the flowering and fruiting process of the dragon fruit root mites, and the analysis results are shown in the following table 1:
table 1 control of dragon fruit root mites, root recovery, flowering and fruiting conditions in experimental and control groups:
remarking:
1. the dragon fruit variety is Jindu I, which is the main dragon fruit variety currently cultivated in Guangxi;
2. the root mite control effect is investigated twice, the investigation method is a 5-point sampling method after the treatment is carried out for 3 months for the first time and 6 months for the second time, 5 dragon fruits are taken at each point, the number of live root mite is investigated, and the control effect is calculated as follows:
root mite control effect (number of live mites of acarus blankii-number of live mites treated)/number of live mites of acarus blankii 100
3. The root system recovery rate is investigated twice, the investigation method adopted is a 5-point sampling method after 1 month of treatment for the first time and 3 months of treatment for the second time, 5 dragon fruits are taken at each point, the root systems of the dragon fruits are dug out, the dry weights of the root systems are weighed by drying, and the root system recovery rate calculation method is as follows:
the root system recovery rate is (dry weight of root system of normally growing rootless mite dragon fruit-dry weight of root system after treating root mites)/dry weight of root system of normally growing rootless mite dragon fruit is 100.
In conclusion, the prevention and control method for the pitaya root mites provided by the application has the following beneficial effects:
the investment is small, the investment cost per mu is about 500 yuan, and other crops do not need to be changed;
the acaricidal effect is completely achieved without recurrence, and the acaricidal effect can reach more than 98% after twice administration;
the root system can recover and grow quickly, the root system can start to root about 15 days after the treatment, and the root system can completely recover and grow about 45 days;
the dragon fruits can be quickly recovered to bloom and bear fruits, and the normal blooming and bearing fruits of the general dragon fruits damaged in the blooming and bearing period can be recovered after 3 months through the treatment.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, or described, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The dragon fruit root mite killing composition is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
2-5 parts of abamectin, 20-25 parts of spirodiclofen and 300-400 parts of plant essential oil penetrant.
2. The dragon fruit root mite killing composition as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
5 parts of abamectin, 24 parts of spirodiclofen and 350 parts of plant essential oil penetrant.
3. A method for preventing and treating dragon fruit root mites is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, cutting diseased roots of pitaya plants, digging the diseased roots of the pitaya from soil, and then uniformly treating;
suspending the healthy trunk after cutting off the diseased roots of the dragon fruit plants by using a suspension device, and airing the cut for later use;
pouring 500-1000 times diluted composition for killing the root mites of the pitaya as claimed in claim 1 in soil pits formed after diseased roots of the pitaya plants are dug;
step four, the healthy trunks which are hung and processed in the step two are inserted into the soil in a cuttage mode, and a certain amount of rooting agent is poured to promote rooting;
step five, after 55 to 65 days, circling and irrigating the soil surface of 10 to 40cm around the healthy trunk which recovers growth by 500 to 1000 times of the pitaya root mite killing composition as claimed in claim 1 diluted by water;
the ratio of the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the second step to the amount of the pitaya root mite killing composition poured in the fifth step is 2: 1-3: 1.
4. The method for controlling Pitaya root mites of claim 3 where the distance between the cut and the uppermost end of the diseased root is at least 5 cm.
5. The method for controlling pitaya root mites as claimed in claim 3, further comprising the following steps before the suspending treatment:
and (3) upwards cutting, removing the re-epidermis of the dragon fruit stem of part of the stem section of the healthy main stem, exposing a middle vascular bundle of 3-5 cm, and suspending and airing for later use.
6. The method for controlling dragon fruit root mites according to claim 3, where in the second step, the amount of the dragon fruit root mite killing composition is 5 kg/mu, when the planting density of the dragon fruit is 1000 plants/mu.
7. The method for controlling pitaya root mites of claim 3, where in the rooting agent is any one of algin, amino-oligosaccharide, or potassium fulvate;
when the rooting agent is algin or potassium fulvate, the using amount of each dragon fruit plant is 0.2 g, and water is added to 1.8-2.2 kg;
or when the rooting agent is amino-oligosaccharin, the using amount of each dragon fruit plant is 0.1 g, and water is added until the amount is 1.8-2.2 kg.
8. The method for controlling pitaya root mites as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the second step, the period of the hanging treatment of the healthy trunks is at least 4 days, and the hanging device further comprises:
the supporting frame 10 comprises a rod-shaped base 101, wherein a plurality of fixing claws 102 are dispersedly arranged on the lower end surface of the rod-shaped base; the plurality of longitudinal rods 103 are uniformly dispersed and vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the rod-shaped base, and the lower ends of the plurality of longitudinal rods are arranged in a sliding manner relative to the rod-shaped base in the length direction of the rod-shaped base; a plurality of sleeves 104 which are fixed on the plurality of longitudinal bars in a manner of being approximately parallel to the ground, and at least two sleeves which are spaced from each other are arranged on any longitudinal bar; a plurality of inner cores 105, one of which is correspondingly and slidably coaxially arranged in the plurality of sleeves; and
a plurality of fixing buckles 20, wherein any fixing buckle in the plurality of fixing buckles is a hollow cylinder structure with a side wall capable of being opened and closed, the cross section of the hollow cylinder structure is triangular, and elastic buffer layers 201 are attached to the inner side walls of the plurality of fixing buckles so as to form a triangular-cylinder-shaped accommodating space between the elastic buffer layers of any fixing buckle; the plurality of fixing buckles are respectively and correspondingly arranged at the front ends of the inner cores close to and vertical to the ground.
9. The method for controlling pitaya root mites of claim 8, where the plurality of holding claws are of a metal rod-like or sheet-like structure, and the length of any holding claw is at least 10 cm; the height of any one of the plurality of longitudinal bars is at least 50 cm; the length of any one of the plurality of sleeves does not exceed 20 cm; the length of any sleeve in the plurality of inner cores does not exceed 30 cm.
10. The method for controlling pitaya root mites as claimed in claim 9, wherein the first step further comprises the steps of:
1.1, inserting a suspension device into soil near a diseased dragon fruit plant through a plurality of fixing claws for fixing, so that the distance L between at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device and the diseased dragon fruit plant is more than 5cm and less than 10 cm;
1.2, vertically fixing at least two fixing buckles on at least one longitudinal rod on the suspension device on a healthy trunk of the diseased dragon fruit plant, and then cutting off the diseased root of the dragon fruit plant; and
1.3, adjusting at least two inner cores in which at least two fixing buckles fixed with the healthy trunk slide in the sleeve pipe, so that the healthy trunk and the diseased root are staggered by at least 3 cm;
1.4, digging diseased roots of the dragon fruits from soil and then uniformly treating the diseased roots.
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