CN111103027A - Water level observation tube capable of realizing layered reporting of freezing wall intersection condition - Google Patents
Water level observation tube capable of realizing layered reporting of freezing wall intersection condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN111103027A CN111103027A CN201911344149.0A CN201911344149A CN111103027A CN 111103027 A CN111103027 A CN 111103027A CN 201911344149 A CN201911344149 A CN 201911344149A CN 111103027 A CN111103027 A CN 111103027A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/02—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by gauge glasses or other apparatus involving a window or transparent tube for directly observing the level to be measured or the level of a liquid column in free communication with the main body of the liquid
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Abstract
The invention discloses a water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of freezing wall intersection conditions, which comprises N layer observation pipes, wherein N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 2; the N layer position observation pipes are coaxially sleeved together, the upper ends of the N layer position observation pipes extend out of the ground, and the lower ends of the N layer position observation pipes are respectively positioned at different observation layer positions; and a water return hole communicated with the fluid of the layer to be observed is formed in the water return pipe wall, corresponding to the layer to be observed, of each layer observation pipe, and the water return holes of the layer observation pipes are not communicated with each other. The water level observation pipe enables each shaft to be only provided with one water level observation hole, can report the water level conditions of a plurality of layers, completes the reporting tasks of different layers, reduces the number of the construction water level observation holes, reduces the construction cost, saves the construction time, accelerates the well formation speed, reduces the water leakage possibility of the water level observation holes, reduces the risk that the frozen wall is difficult to be subjected to ring crossing due to the water leakage of the water level holes, and ensures the safety and reliability of the ring crossing process of the frozen wall.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of freezing construction. In particular to a water level observation tube which can realize the layered report of the intersection situation of the frozen wall.
Background
Freezing method shaft sinking is a construction method for temporarily reinforcing unstable stratum and isolating underground water by adopting an artificial refrigeration technology. The freezing method is suitable for loose and unstable flushing layers, fractured hydrous rock layers, soft mudstone and rock layers with particularly large water content and water pressure. The method can be used as a normal construction method of mine engineering with complex geological conditions, can also be used as a means for engineering emergency rescue and accident handling, is widely used for the construction of vertical shafts, inclined shafts, ingates and the like in coal mine roadway engineering, and is used for the construction of subways, bridges and culverts, large-volume underground chambers and deep foundation pit engineering.
The water level observation hole is crucial in the construction process of the freezing method, is an eye for judging the intersection circle of the frozen wall at the reported layer position, and is an intuitive and effective method for detecting the intersection circle of the frozen wall. Stipulating in the construction specification of the coal mine roadway engineering: the tunneling of the frozen shaft can be carried out only if the water level in the water level observation hole rises regularly and the overflow pipe opening is not less than 7 days. "
If the water level observation holes are not constructed properly or the reported layer position is not accurate, the water level observation holes cannot report water overflow normally although the frozen walls are intersected, so that the judgment of the intersection condition of the frozen walls is influenced, the time for starting the shaft to tunnel can be delayed, and the well construction period is influenced.
At present, different numbers of water level observation holes are arranged in freezing construction, but each water level observation hole can only report the freezing wall intersection situation of one layer, if the freezing wall intersection situations of a plurality of layers are predicted, the water level observation holes need to be additionally constructed, so that the drilling construction amount is increased, the possibility of water leakage of the water level observation holes is increased, hidden dangers are brought to the freezing wall intersection, and the freezing engineering risk is increased.
When the water level observation holes are constructed, the water level observation holes are not required to occupy the shaft lifting position, at least 1 water level observation hole is arranged in one freezing shaft, normally, 1-2 water level observation holes are generally arranged in a flushing layer of less than 200 meters, 2-3 water level observation holes are generally arranged in a flushing layer of 200 plus 400 meters, and not less than 3 water level observation holes are generally arranged in a flushing layer of more than 400 meters.
The construction position of the water level observation hole is difficult to select for the relatively narrow space in the shaft, and the tunneling speed is restricted due to the influence of the water level observation hole in the formal tunneling process of the frozen shaft.
In summary, in order to solve the problems existing in the current water level observation holes, the real situation that the water level observation holes need to report the layer position can be normally reported by urgently reducing the number of the construction water level observation holes, and the water level observation device overcomes the defects of the traditional water level observation holes.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of the ring-crossing condition of the frozen wall, so that the number of construction water level observation holes is reduced, the construction cost is reduced, the construction time is saved, the well-forming speed is accelerated, the water-crossing possibility of the water level observation holes is reduced, the risk that the frozen wall is difficult to be looped due to the water-crossing of the water level holes is reduced, and the safety and reliability of the ring-crossing process of the frozen wall are ensured.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of freezing wall intersection conditions comprises N layer observation pipes, wherein N is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 2; the N layer position observation pipes are coaxially sleeved together, the upper ends of the N layer position observation pipes extend out of the ground, and the lower ends of the N layer position observation pipes are respectively positioned at different observation layer positions; and a water return hole communicated with the fluid of the layer to be observed is formed in the water return pipe wall, corresponding to the layer to be observed, of each layer observation pipe, and the water return holes of the layer observation pipes are not communicated with each other.
The water level observation tube capable of realizing layered reporting of the cross-over condition of the freezing wall is characterized in that the size of the water return hole is 20-80 mm, and the porosity of the wall of the water return tube is greater than or equal to 26%.
According to the water level observation tube capable of realizing layered reporting of the cross-winding condition of the freezing wall, the outer surface of the return pipe wall is wound with the gauze, the upper end and the lower end of the return pipe wall are wound with the dried kelp, and the two ends of the dried kelp are fixed by the tray.
The water level observation tube capable of realizing layered reporting of the coiling condition of the frozen wall is characterized in that the gauze is 60 meshes, the number of winding layers is 3, and the gauze is wound tightly by 14# galvanized iron wires; the thickness of the dry kelp is 20mm, the length of the dry kelp is 600mm, the dry kelp is fixed by lead wires, and two ends of the dry kelp are fixed by trays of 180 mm.
The water level observation tube capable of realizing layered reporting of the freezing wall intersection situation comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the upper layer observation pipe and the lower layer observation pipe are fixedly connected through an annular partition plate, and the annular partition plate is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the bottom of the upper layer observation pipe; and the annular partition plate is provided with a water through round hole.
The water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of the frozen wall ring-crossing condition comprises a phi 76 seamless steel pipe for reporting the first-layer frozen wall ring-crossing condition, a phi 108 seamless steel pipe for reporting the second-layer frozen wall ring-crossing condition, a phi 133 seamless steel pipe for reporting the third-layer frozen wall ring-crossing condition and a phi 159 seamless steel pipe for reporting the fourth-layer frozen wall ring-crossing condition, wherein the first layer, the second layer, the third layer and the fourth layer are sequentially distributed from bottom to top; the outer diameter of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 108 seamless steel pipe, the outer diameter of the phi 108 seamless steel pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 133 seamless steel pipe, and the outer diameter of the phi 133 seamless steel pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 159 seamless steel pipe.
The water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of the ring-crossing condition of the frozen wall has the upper ends of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe, the phi 108 seamless steel pipe, the phi 133 seamless steel pipe and the phi 159 seamless steel pipe which are flush.
The water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of the ring crossing condition of the frozen wall is plugged at the bottom of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe and is additionally used as a bottom cone.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. only one water level observation hole is constructed in each shaft, the water level conditions of a plurality of layers can be reported, and the reporting tasks of different layers are completed.
2. The drilling construction amount is reduced, and the pore-forming construction cost is reduced.
3. A plurality of horizon water levels are reported in the traditional mode, a plurality of water level observation holes need to be constructed in a shaft, the shaft tunneling position is occupied, difficulty is brought to shaft tunneling, the water level observation pipe can reduce the shaft position occupied by water level observation, and a larger operation space is provided for shaft tunneling.
4. When the water levels are monitored through the water level observation holes, the water levels are required to be checked through the water level observation holes, operation is inconvenient, the water level is conveniently monitored through the water level observation holes, and the monitoring place does not need to be replaced.
5. The temperature sensors can be additionally arranged in the middle of each layer of casing pipe to monitor the temperature of each layer, and the freezing condition of the layer where the temperature sensor is located is predicted through the temperature, so that the multifunctional water heater can realize multiple purposes of one hole and multiple functions of one hole, and fully embodies the spirit of resource saving and environmental friendliness.
The water level observation pipe capable of reporting the cross-circling condition of the frozen wall in a layered mode can enable each shaft to be constructed with only one water level observation hole, can complete the reporting tasks of different layers, and can prevent the annular space from water leakage, so that inaccurate reporting or freezing effect influence can be caused. Under the common condition, the water level observation hole in the freezing construction shaft mainly reports the freezing wall ring condition of a main aquifer and a high-flow-rate aquifer, and the water level observation pipe provided by the invention can be used for randomly designing a report horizon according to different stratums and different freezing depths and possibly meeting the water level observation requirements under various freezing construction conditions.
The number of the construction water level observation holes is reduced, the construction cost is reduced, the construction time is saved, the well forming speed is accelerated, the water leakage possibility of the water level observation holes is reduced, the risk that the frozen wall is difficult to cross the ring due to the water leakage of the water level holes is reduced, and the safety and the reliability of the ring crossing process of the frozen wall are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a water level observation tube capable of realizing layered reporting of a freezing wall intersection condition according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water return hole of a water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of a freezing wall intersection condition according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the water return pipe wall wrapping gauze and dried kelp of the water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of the coiling condition of the frozen wall.
The reference numbers in the figures denote: 1-water return hole; 2-a water return pipe wall; 3-a gauze; 4-dry kelp; 5-a tray; 6-annular partition plate; 7-water through round hole; 8-bottom cone; 9-phi 76 seamless steel pipe; 10-phi 108 seamless steel pipe; 11-phi 133 seamless steel pipe; 12-phi 159 seamless steel pipe.
Detailed Description
A water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of freezing wall intersection conditions comprises N layer observation pipes, wherein N is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 2; the N layer position observation tubes are coaxially sleeved together, the upper ends of the N layer position observation tubes extend out of the ground, and the lower ends of the N layer position observation tubes are respectively located at different observation layer positions.
In this embodiment, N is 4, which is four observation layers.
As shown in fig. 1: the horizon observation pipe comprises a phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9 for reporting the intersection condition of a first horizon frozen wall, a phi 108 seamless steel pipe 10 for reporting the intersection condition of a second horizon frozen wall, a phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11 for reporting the intersection condition of a third horizon frozen wall and a phi 159 seamless steel pipe 12 for reporting the intersection condition of a fourth horizon frozen wall, wherein the first horizon, the second horizon, the third horizon and the fourth horizon are sequentially distributed from bottom to top; the outer diameter of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 108 seamless steel pipe 10, the outer diameter of the phi 108 seamless steel pipe 10 is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11, and the outer diameter of the phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 159 seamless steel pipe 12.
And water returning holes 1 communicated with the fluid of the layer to be observed are formed in the water returning pipe wall 2 corresponding to the layer to be observed on the layer position observation pipe (a phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9 for reporting the cross-over condition of the frozen wall of the first layer position, a phi 108 seamless steel pipe 10 for reporting the cross-over condition of the frozen wall of the second layer position, a phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11 for reporting the cross-over condition of the frozen wall of the third layer position and a phi 159 seamless steel pipe 12 for reporting the cross-over condition of the frozen wall of the fourth layer position), and the water returning holes 1 of the layer position observation pipes are not communicated with each other.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3: the specification of the return water hole 1 is 20-80 mm, and the porosity of the return water pipe wall 2 is greater than or equal to 26%. Wrapping gauze 3 is wound on the outer surface of the return pipe wall 2, dry kelp 4 is wrapped on the upper end and the lower end of the return pipe wall 2, and two ends of the dry kelp 4 are fixed by a tray 5. The wrapping gauze 3 and the dry kelp 4 are used for preventing sediment in the stratum from entering the horizon observation pipe, so that the function of filtering the sediment is achieved, and only water can enter the horizon observation pipe.
The gauze 3 is 60 meshes, the number of winding layers is 3, and the gauze 3 is tightly wound by 14# galvanized iron wires; the thickness of the dry kelp 4 is 20mm, the length of the dry kelp 4 is 600mm, the dry kelp 4 is fixed by lead wires, and two ends of the dry kelp 4 are fixed by trays of 180 mm.
From bottom to top: the upper layer observation pipe and the lower layer observation pipe which are adjacent to each other are fixedly connected through an annular partition plate 6, and the annular partition plate 6 is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the bottom of the upper layer observation pipe; and the annular partition plate 6 is provided with a circular water through hole 7. The water through round holes 7 allow water at each layer to pass through, so that water below the holes can reach the pipe openings; the annular space is kept to be communicated with water up and down.
The phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9, the phi 108 seamless steel pipe 10, the phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11 and the phi 159 seamless steel pipe 12 are flush with each other at the upper ends. Plugging the bottom of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9, and adding a bottom cone 8.
The specific using method comprises the following steps:
1. the water level observation hole position and depth determining principle is as follows: the water level observation hole should not occupy the lifting position in the shaft, and the depth should enter the main aquifer at the bottom of the pad layer, but not enter the bedrock and bias into the well wall.
2. Determination of water level observation hole reporting horizon: aquifers and high flow aquifers are mainly reported from frozen wellbore geological histograms.
3. And (3) fully measuring the drilling tool before the water level observation hole is opened, and withdrawing redundant drilling rods out of the well plate so as to prevent the error phenomenon of rod adding in the drilling process and fundamentally ensure that the depth of the water level hole meets the design requirement.
4. When the water level observation hole is constructed, inclination measurement is needed when 30-50 m of water level observation hole is drilled, and when the inclination rate is found to be close to 2 thousandth, the deviation is corrected in time, so that the hole forming quality of the water level hole is ensured.
5. The manufacturing of the water level observation tube for reporting the cross-over condition of the frozen wall in a layered manner can be realized.
The manufacturing process of the water level observation pipe comprises the following steps:
① the water level pipe of the first layer is firstly made, the bottom of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9 used for reporting the intersection situation of the frozen wall of the first layer is firstly plugged, and the bottom cone 8 is added.
② processing a water return hole 1 on the water return pipe wall 2 of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9 corresponding to the layer to be observed, wherein the processing of the water return hole 1 is carried out according to the form shown in figure 2, the specification of the water return hole 1 is 20 x 80mm, and the porosity is more than or equal to 26%.
③ the outer surface of the backwater pipe wall 2 is wrapped with 60 mesh gauze 3 according to the form of figure 3, and then wrapped tightly with No. 14 galvanized iron wire, the two ends of the backwater pipe wall 2 are wrapped with dry kelp 4 with thickness of 20mm and length of 600mm, and fixed with lead wire, and the two ends of the dry kelp 4 are fixed with 180mm trays 5.
④ an annular clapboard 6 is processed on the top of the first layer corresponding to the phi 76 seamless steel tube 9, a water through round hole 7 is arranged on the annular clapboard 6, and the phi 108 seamless steel tube 10 used for reporting the ring condition of the frozen wall of the second layer is sleeved on the phi 76 seamless steel tube 9.
⑤ processing a water return hole 1 on the water return pipe wall 2 of the phi 108 seamless steel pipe 10 corresponding to the layer to be observed, the processing mode is the same as that of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9.
⑥ an annular clapboard 6 is processed on the top of the second layer corresponding to the phi 108 seamless steel pipe 10, a water through circular hole 7 is arranged on the annular clapboard 6, and the phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11 used for reporting the third layer frozen wall ring condition is sleeved on the phi 108 seamless steel pipe 10.
⑦ processing a water returning hole 1 on the water returning pipe wall 2 of the phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11 corresponding to the layer to be observed, the processing mode is the same as that of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9.
⑧ an annular clapboard 6 is processed on the top of the third layer corresponding to the phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11, a water through circular hole 7 is arranged on the annular clapboard 6, and the phi 159 seamless steel pipe 12 for reporting the ring condition of the frozen wall of the fourth layer is sleeved on the phi 133 seamless steel pipe 11.
⑨ processing a water return hole 1 on the water return pipe wall 2 of the phi 159 seamless steel pipe corresponding to the layer to be observed, the processing mode is the same as that of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe 9.
6. After the water level observation hole reaches the designed depth, the water level observation pipe which is manufactured in advance according to the manufacturing process of the water level observation pipe is put down, and the water return hole 1 of each observation layer is ensured to be positioned at the designed position.
7. Pumping clean water by a water pump to drive each layer of the sleeve of the hole for washing.
8. Until clear water returns from each layer of the casing, the water is free of silt and is not sticky.
9. And measuring and recording the initial water level of each layer of water level.
10. And after freezing, the water level condition of each layer is regularly monitored, and the intersection condition of the frozen wall of the layer is deduced according to the water level condition of the water level hole observation hole.
11. And (4) when the water level of the water level pipe rises out of the pipe and lasts for 7 days, the corresponding layer is circled, and the freezing wall is formed.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications are possible which remain within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of freezing wall intersection conditions is characterized by comprising N layer observation pipes, wherein N is a positive integer and is greater than or equal to 2; the N layer position observation pipes are coaxially sleeved together, the upper ends of the N layer position observation pipes extend out of the ground, and the lower ends of the N layer position observation pipes are respectively positioned at different observation layer positions; and a water return hole (1) communicated with the fluid of the layer to be observed is formed in the water return pipe wall (2) corresponding to the layer to be observed on each layer observation pipe, and the water return holes (1) of each layer observation pipe are not communicated with each other.
2. The water level observation tube capable of achieving layered reporting of freezing wall coil condition according to claim 1, wherein the size of the water return hole (1) is 20 x 80mm, and the porosity of the water return tube wall (2) is greater than or equal to 26%.
3. The water level observing tube capable of achieving layered reporting of the cross-over condition of the freezing wall as claimed in claim 2, wherein a wrapping gauze (3) is wrapped on the outer surface of the water returning tube wall (2), dried kelp (4) is wrapped on the upper and lower ends of the water returning tube wall (2), and both ends of the dried kelp (4) are fixed by a tray (5).
4. The water level observation tube capable of realizing layered reporting of the coil condition of the frozen wall as claimed in claim 3, wherein the gauze (3) is 60 mesh gauze, the number of winding layers is 3, and the gauze (3) is tightly wound by 14# galvanized iron wire; the thickness of the dry kelp (4) is 20mm, the length of the dry kelp (4) is 600mm, the dry kelp (4) is fixed by lead wires, and two ends of the dry kelp (4) are fixed by trays (5) of 180 mm.
5. The water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of the frozen wall intersection situation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that from bottom to top: the upper layer observation pipe and the lower layer observation pipe which are adjacent to each other are fixedly connected through an annular partition plate (6), and the annular partition plate (6) is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the bottom of the upper layer observation pipe; and the annular partition plate (6) is provided with a circular water through hole (7).
6. The water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of the frozen wall ring-crossing condition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the layer position observation pipe comprises a phi 76 seamless steel pipe (9) for reporting the frozen wall ring-crossing condition of a first layer position, a phi 108 seamless steel pipe (10) for reporting the frozen wall ring-crossing condition of a second layer position, a phi 133 phi seamless steel pipe (11) for reporting the frozen wall ring-crossing condition of a third layer position and a phi 159 seamless steel pipe (12) for reporting the frozen wall ring-crossing condition of a fourth layer position, and the first layer position, the second layer position, the third layer position and the fourth layer position are sequentially distributed from bottom to top; the outer diameter of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe (9) is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 108 seamless steel pipe (10), the outer diameter of the phi 108 seamless steel pipe (10) is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 133 seamless steel pipe (11), and the outer diameter of the phi 133 seamless steel pipe (11) is smaller than the inner diameter of the phi 159 seamless steel pipe (12).
7. The water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of frost wall ring-crossing situations according to claim 6, wherein the upper ends of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe (9), the phi 108 seamless steel pipe (10), the phi 133 seamless steel pipe (11) and the phi 159 seamless steel pipe (12) are flush.
8. The water level observation pipe capable of realizing layered reporting of frozen wall intersection condition according to claim 6, is characterized in that the bottom of the phi 76 seamless steel pipe (9) is plugged and used as a bottom cone (8).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112031715A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2020-12-04 | 中煤第一建设有限公司 | Multipurpose hydrological hole of vertical shaft and construction method thereof |
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