CN111101984A

CN111101984A - Tunnel supporting mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN111101984A
Application number: CN202010053622.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙华圣; 董云; 陈亚东; 张继华; 武精科; 程永振
Original assignee: Huaiyin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Huaiyin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2020-01-17
Filing date: 2020-01-17
Publication date: 2020-05-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel supporting mechanism which is sequentially connected with a pressing mechanism, a connecting mechanism and a supporting mechanism from bottom to top, wherein the pressing mechanism comprises a base and a group of symmetrically arranged adjusting mechanisms, each adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod, the screw rods penetrate through grooves of the base and are rotationally connected with the base, sliding blocks penetrate through the screw rods, the top ends of the sliding blocks are rotationally connected with supporting rods, and the screw rods on two symmetrical sides are connected through a coupler; the connecting mechanism comprises a telescopic rod, the bottom of the telescopic rod is sleeved on the sliding rod, the sliding rod is sleeved with a spring, and the supporting rod is rotatably connected with the bottom of the sliding rod A; the supporting mechanism comprises a bottom plate arranged at the top of the telescopic rod, an elastic supporting mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate and comprises an elastic reed, and two ends of the reed are fixed on the bottom plate through screws. The invention solves the problems that the working height cannot be adjusted, stable support cannot be formed and the like when the supporting structure in the prior art is built.

Description

Tunnel supporting mechanism

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit support, in particular to a tunnel supporting mechanism applied to deep tunnel drainage engineering.

Background

When the construction of a building foundation pit is carried out, in order to ensure the construction safety and prevent collapse accidents, support measures must be taken for the excavated building foundation pit, the engineering geology and hydrogeology conditions, the type of the foundation pit, the excavation depth of the foundation pit, the drainage conditions and the unique requirement of the surrounding environment on the side wall of the foundation pit are comprehensively considered in the support design and construction of the building foundation pit, the factors such as the peripheral load of the foundation pit, the service life of a support structure and the like need to be reasonably designed and elaborately constructed, and the support structure in the deep foundation pit at home and abroad at present generally adopts two structural forms: one is a concrete internal support structure and the other is a steel structure support structure.

Excavation supporting usually adopts the mode that rigidity preliminary bracing was established to direct close-fitting tunnel passageway surface, but this supporting construction is when putting up, can not adjust operating height, the equipment difficulty of staff has been caused, work efficiency has been influenced, inconvenient use, and the bend radius at tunnel top is different moreover, thereby the difficult adaptation tunnel top surface of holding surface forms the outrigger, vibrations in the construction process can influence the stability that the device supported, and the device uses the back for a long time, the water of infiltration can corrode the device in the rock, the stability of device has been influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problem that the working height of a tunnel supporting structure in the prior art cannot be adjusted when the tunnel supporting structure is built, so that the assembly of workers is difficult; the bending radius of the top of the tunnel is different, and the supporting surface is difficult to adapt to the top surface of the tunnel so as to form stable support; and after the device is used for a long time, water permeating in rocks corrodes the device, so that the stability of the device is not enough.

Technical scheme

A tunnel supporting mechanism is sequentially connected with a pressing mechanism, a connecting mechanism and a supporting mechanism from bottom to top, wherein the pressing mechanism comprises a base and a group of symmetrically arranged adjusting mechanisms, each adjusting mechanism comprises a screw rod, the screw rods penetrate through grooves of the base and are rotatably connected with the base, sliding blocks penetrate through the screw rods, supporting rods are rotatably connected to the top ends of the sliding blocks, and the screw rods on two symmetrical sides are connected through couplers; the connecting mechanism comprises a telescopic rod, the bottom of the telescopic rod is sleeved on a sliding rod, a spring is sleeved outside the sliding rod, and a supporting rod is rotatably connected with the bottom of the sliding rod A; the supporting mechanism comprises a bottom plate arranged at the top of the telescopic rod, the bottom plate is provided with an elastic supporting mechanism, the elastic supporting mechanism comprises an elastic reed, and two ends of the reed are fixed on the bottom plate through screws.

Further: the bottom plate is provided with a stroke hole corresponding to the position of the screw rod, a slide rod is arranged in the stroke hole, the screw rod is arranged on the slide rod B in a penetrating mode, and the slide rod B positioned on two sides of the screw rod is sleeved with a spring A and a spring B.

Further: the elastic reeds are provided with a plurality of groups and are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate.

Further: the support rod is rotatably connected with the slide rod A through a spherical joint or a rotating shaft.

Further: the reed arc bottom is equipped with the diversion channel, the diversion channel sets up along reed width direction.

Further: the telescopic rod is adjusted through a sleeve connected through threads.

Further: wherein, the screw rod on one side is provided with a rotary joint extending out of the base.

Advantageous effects

1. The height which is approximately needed is adjusted in advance through the telescopic rod, and then the top surface of the device can be tightly supported on the tunnel surface through the adjustment of the adjusting mechanism;

2. the telescopic rod is sleeved on the sliding rod A, the sliding rod A is also provided with a spring, and the supporting mechanism can be prevented from being influenced by the vibration of tunnel construction through the deformation of the spring and is tightly supported at the top of the tunnel;

3. the supporting mechanism at the top comprises a plurality of groups of reeds, and the supporting mechanism can adapt to tunnel tops with different radiuses and irregular surfaces through proper elastic deformation during pressing;

4. two ends of the reed are fixed in the stroke hole of the bottom plate through a screw, a sliding rod is arranged on the screw in a penetrating mode, and a spring is sleeved on the sliding rod to prevent the reed from excessively deforming;

5. the diversion grooves are formed in the two ends of the reed, so that water left at the top of the tunnel can be led out, and the water is prevented from flowing down along the device to corrode the device.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an overall mechanism schematic diagram of a tunnel supporting mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a yellow sheet end of a tunnel supporting mechanism.

Detailed Description

The embodiment is that, for example, a tunnel supporting mechanism shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in embodiment 1, a pressing mechanism 1, a connecting mechanism 2, and a supporting mechanism 3 are sequentially connected from bottom to top, wherein the pressing mechanism 1 includes a base 11, and further includes a set of symmetrically arranged adjusting mechanisms 12, each adjusting mechanism 12 includes a screw 121, the screw 121 is inserted into a groove of the base 11 and rotatably connected with the base 11, wherein a rotary joint 124 extending out of the base 11 is provided on the screw 121 on one side, the rotary joint 124 is hexagonal and can be driven to rotate by an electric rotating machine, a slider 122 is inserted on the screw 121, the top end of the slider 122 is rotatably connected with a supporting rod 123, and the screws 121 on two symmetrical sides are connected by a coupler 13; the connecting mechanism 2 comprises a telescopic rod 21, the telescopic rod 21 is in height adjustment through a sleeve connected through threads, the bottom of the telescopic rod 21 is sleeved on a sliding rod 22, a spring 23 is sleeved outside the sliding rod 22, and a supporting rod 123 is rotatably connected with a sliding rod A22 through a spherical joint or a rotating shaft; the supporting mechanism 3 comprises a bottom plate 31 arranged at the top of the telescopic rod 21, an elastic supporting mechanism 32 is arranged on the bottom plate 31, the elastic supporting mechanism 32 comprises 3 groups of elastic reeds 321 which are sequentially arranged along the width direction of the bottom plate 31, and two ends of each reed 321 are fixed on the bottom plate 31 through screws 322; the arc-shaped bottom of the reed 321 is provided with a water diversion groove which is arranged along the width direction of the reed 321.

Embodiment 2 is based on embodiment 1, a stroke hole 311 is provided at a position of the bottom plate 31 corresponding to the screw rod 322, a slide rod 312 is provided in the stroke hole 311, the screw rod 322 is inserted into the slide rod B312, a spring a312 and a spring B313 are sleeved on the slide rod B312 at two sides of the screw rod 322, the spring a312 and the spring B313 are in a normal expansion state when not in operation, and when the spring leaf 321 deforms inwards or outwards, the corresponding spring a312 or spring B313 contracts, thereby preventing the spring leaf 321 from exceeding elastic deformation and being unable to rebound.

During operation, firstly, the telescopic rod 21 is adjusted to a proper height and then fixed, then the whole device is erected at a place needing to be supported, and then the sliding block 122 is relatively moved through the rotation of the rotary joint 124 so as to lift the height of the supporting mechanism 3 and enable the supporting mechanism to be tightly connected with the top of the tunnel; the spring 321 of the supporting mechanism 3 is stressed to generate appropriate deformation and the screw 313 at the two ends slides on the sliding rod B312, and the spring A312 or the spring B313 at the two sides of the screw 313 also generates appropriate deformation for supporting the spring 321; the elastic deformation of the spring pieces 321 can be well adapted to the top of the tunnel, so that the contact surface between the spring pieces 321 and the top of the tunnel is increased, the supporting stability is enhanced, the deformation of the spring pieces A312 and B313 can enable the spring pieces 321 to deform within a certain range, and the spring pieces 321 are prevented from being deformed in a plastic manner and cannot rebound; the spring 23 can prevent the whole device from being influenced by slight vibration generated when the tunnel continues to be constructed, so that the reed 321 can be tightly attached to the top of the tunnel all the time; when in supporting, the water at the top of the tunnel flows down along with the reed 321 and then flows to the ground through the water diversion groove 33, thereby effectively preventing excessive water from corroding the device; when the device is disassembled, the rotating structure 124 is driven to rotate, the sliding blocks 122 move towards each other, so that the supporting mechanism 3 descends, then the device is disassembled and taken away, the material of the whole device can be light alloy, such as aluminum alloy, the weight of the whole device is reduced, and meanwhile the strength of the whole device can be ensured.

Claims

1. A tunnel supporting mechanism is characterized in that a pressing mechanism (1), a connecting mechanism (2) and a supporting mechanism (3) are sequentially connected from bottom to top, wherein,

the pressing mechanism (1) comprises a base (11) and a group of symmetrically arranged adjusting mechanisms (12), wherein each adjusting mechanism (12) comprises a screw rod (121), each screw rod (121) is arranged in a groove of the base (11) in a penetrating mode and is rotatably connected with the base (11), a sliding block (122) is arranged on each screw rod (121) in a penetrating mode, the top end of each sliding block (122) is rotatably connected with a supporting rod (123), and the screw rods (121) on two sides are connected through a coupler (13);

the connecting mechanism (2) comprises a telescopic rod (21), the bottom of the telescopic rod (21) is sleeved on a sliding rod (22), a spring (23) is sleeved outside the sliding rod (22), and a supporting rod (123) is rotatably connected with the bottom of a sliding rod A (22);

supporting mechanism (3), including setting up bottom plate (31) at telescopic link (21) top, be equipped with elastic support mechanism (32) on bottom plate (31), elastic support mechanism (32) include elasticity reed (321), reed (321) both ends are passed through screw rod (322) and are fixed on bottom plate (31).

2. The tunnel supporting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a travel hole (311) is formed in the bottom plate (31) corresponding to the position of the screw rod (322), a slide rod (312) is arranged in the travel hole (311), the screw rod (322) is arranged on the slide rod B (312) in a penetrating manner, and the slide rod B (312) on two sides of the screw rod (322) is sleeved with a spring A (312) and a spring B (313).

3. The tunnel supporting mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of sets of the elastic spring pieces (321) are arranged in sequence along the width direction of the bottom plate (31).

4. The tunnel support mechanism of claim 1, wherein the support rod (123) is rotatably connected to the slide rod A (22) by a ball joint or a rotating shaft.

5. The tunnel supporting mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped bottom of the spring plate (321) is provided with a water guiding groove, and the water guiding groove is arranged along the width direction of the spring plate (321).

6. A tunnel support according to claim 1, wherein the telescopic rod (21) is adjusted by means of a threaded sleeve.

7. A tunnel support mechanism according to claim 1, wherein one of the side screws (121) has a swivel (124) extending out of the base (11).