CN111101003A

CN111101003A - Novel furnace for smelting antimony ore through side-blowing top-blowing mixed molten pool

Info

Publication number: CN111101003A
Application number: CN201911238249.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王卫国
Original assignee: Guangxi Wanshizhi Rare Precious Metal Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangxi Wanshizhi Rare Precious Metal Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-06
Filing date: 2019-12-06
Publication date: 2020-05-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel furnace for smelting an antimony ore side-blown top-blown mixed molten pool, which comprises a furnace body and a furnace chamber arranged in the furnace body, wherein the furnace body comprises a furnace top, a furnace body, a furnace belly water jacket and a furnace hearth, one or more top-blown jacks communicated with the furnace chamber are arranged on the furnace top, a storage bin is arranged on the furnace top, a flue communicated with the furnace chamber is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, a plurality of furnace belly water jackets are arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, side blowing pipes are arranged on the side wall of the furnace belly water jacket, a refractory furnace hearth is arranged at the bottom of the furnace belly water jacket, and a slag passage or a slag outlet and an antimony matte port are arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace. The technical scheme of the invention can effectively improve the productivity, reduce the energy consumption and improve the economic and technical indexes.

Description

Novel furnace for smelting antimony ore through side-blowing top-blowing mixed molten pool

Technical Field

The invention relates to a novel furnace for smelting an antimony ore side-blown top-blown mixed molten pool.

Background

The traditional antimony ore rough smelting process is more widely applied with three processes of vertical shaft furnace volatilization roasting, open hearth furnace volatilization roasting and blast furnace volatilization smelting, wherein the vertical shaft furnace volatilization roasting and the open hearth furnace volatilization roasting are listed as obsolete backward productivity by the nation because of low productivity and large labor intensity. The traditional antimony ore rough smelting process is mainly an antimony blast furnace volatilization smelting process, and the specific scheme is that after being pelletized, powder ore and lump ore are mixed with coke, iron ore, limestone and the like according to a proper proportion, the mixture is put into a furnace from a furnace top bin in batches in a classified manner, volatilization, smelting and oxidation reaction are carried out in a hearth above a furnace belly water jacket tuyere area to generate antimony oxide, the smoke of the antimony oxide dust enters a subsequent condensation dust collecting system through a flue, and the antimony oxide dust is cooled, settled and collected in the condensation dust collecting system and then is conveyed to the next antimony reduction and refining process through pipeline air pressure; gangue in ore and iron ore and stoneLimestone two fluxes react in the hearth to generate slag, then enter the hearth, and are discharged out of the furnace through a hearth slag hole or flow into the front bed through a slag channel and then are discharged out of the furnace. The antimony ore rough smelting blast furnace volatilization smelting process has the characteristics of strong raw material applicability, large processing capacity, high mechanization degree and the like, and becomes the unique antimony ore rough smelting process widely popularized and applied at present. But the blast furnace volatilization smelting process has high energy consumption and tail gas SO₂The concentration is low, the acid can not be prepared, the economic benefit is not ideal, the development almost has no technology upgrading progress in half a century, the industry development is seriously restricted, compared with other new technologies which are different day by day in non-ferrous metal smelting, the technology is gradually out of the bounds, and the technology has gap with the requirements of environment protection, energy conservation and emission reduction provided by the state.

The smelting process of the molten pool is a brand new non-ferrous metal smelting technology developed in the last two decades and is widely applied to smelting production processes of non-ferrous metals such as copper, lead, nickel, tin and the like. The smelting process of molten pool is that the charge is added directly into the melt pool blown by blast to make the added material be wrapped and stirred by gas turbulence in the molten pool by blowing air or oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen gas into the melt in the furnace, so as to quickly complete the heat transfer between gas, liquid and solid phases and make a violent physical and chemical reaction. The concentrate is simultaneously subjected to the metallurgical processes of heating, melting, oxidation, reduction, matte formation, slag formation and the like in the molten pool. Because the smelting method uses compressed air to intensively stir the molten pool, the oxidation or reduction reaction in the melt is rapidly carried out, and the production efficiency is high. According to different blowing modes, the smelting process of the molten pool can be divided into three main types of top blowing, side blowing and bottom blowing.

The molten pool smelting process is developed in the last two decades, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, high yield, tail gas capable of producing acid, high automation degree and the like, so that the molten pool smelting process is developed rapidly, and a plurality of new molten pool smelting methods are derived, wherein the new molten pool smelting methods comprise a nonindard method, a mitsubishi method, a teniendt method, a silver copper smelting method, an oxygen bottom blowing lead smelting method, a chenkov smelting method, a top-blown rotary converter method, an Isa smelting method, a converter direct copper smelting method and the like. Representative oxygen-enriched bath smelting process manufacturers in China include Hunan Water gap mountain, Henan Yuguang gold lead, Henan Jiyuan Jinli, Henan Wanyang, Yunnan copper industry, Yunnan tin industry and the like.

During the course of research and practice of this method, the present investigators found: the novel furnace for smelting the antimony ore side-blown top-blown mixed molten pool comprises a furnace top, a furnace body, a furnace belly water jacket and a furnace cylinder, wherein the furnace top, the furnace body, the furnace belly water jacket and the furnace cylinder enclose a furnace chamber space. After being crushed to the required granularity, furnace materials such as mineral material flux and the like are directly added into a blast and tumble melt pool in the furnace from a furnace top bin through a feeding pipe, air or oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen is blown into the furnace melt in a side blowing mode through a plurality of side blowing air pipes arranged on a furnace ascites sleeve, so that the added furnace materials are wrapped and stirred by gas turbulence in a molten pool, heat transfer substances among gas, liquid and solid phases are rapidly completed, a violent physical and chemical reaction is carried out, and the mineral materials are simultaneously subjected to metallurgical processes such as heating, melting, oxidation, reduction, sulfonium making, slag making and the like in the molten pool; at the same time of side blowing, top blowing is carried out on the melt in the furnace in a top blowing mode by a top blowing air pipe through a top blowing jack arranged on the furnace top to supplement oxidation, so that the metallurgical reaction process is accelerated; and discharging the slag out of the furnace through a slag port at the upper part of the molten pool, and discharging part of antimony matte generated by the reaction out of the furnace through a siphon port at the lower part of the molten pool. The technical scheme can strengthen the volatilization, smelting and oxidation effects, effectively improve the productivity, reduce the energy consumption, improve the economic and technical indexes and reduce the production cost.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a novel furnace for smelting antimony ore by a side-blown top-blown mixed molten pool.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the furnace comprises a furnace body and a furnace chamber arranged in the furnace body, wherein the furnace body comprises a furnace top, a furnace body, a furnace belly water jacket and a furnace cylinder, one or more top-blowing jacks communicated with the inside of the furnace chamber are arranged on the furnace top, a storage bin is arranged on the furnace top, a flue communicated with the furnace chamber is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, a plurality of furnace belly water jackets are arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, side blowing pipes are arranged on the side wall of each furnace belly water jacket, the bottom of each furnace belly water jacket is provided with the furnace cylinder made of refractory materials, and a slag passing channel or a slag outlet and an antimony matte opening are arranged.

Preferably, the furnace belly water jacket is an assembly formed by assembling a plurality of water jackets, and the appearance of the water jacket assembly is a straight cylinder, an inverted cone cylinder, a cuboid or an inverted trapezoid.

Preferably, the air pipes for side blowing are in a shape of a straight cylinder, a conical cylinder or a cuboid, the air pipes for side blowing are made of steel, iron or stainless steel or copper, the specification of the transverse section of the air pipes for side blowing is 10-1000 mm, the included angle between the air inlet angle formed by installing the air pipes for side blowing and the ascites sleeve wall of the furnace is 0-90 degrees, and the air pipes for side blowing are arranged in a single-row horizontal transverse arrangement or a multi-row transverse longitudinal combination arrangement.

Preferably, the top-blowing jack is in a shape of a straight cylinder, a conical cylinder or a cuboid, the top-blowing jack is made of steel, iron, cast iron, stainless steel, copper or refractory material, the transverse section of the top-blowing jack is 10-1000 mm, and the included angle between the air inlet angle formed by the top-blowing jack and the furnace top surface is 0-90 degrees.

Preferably, the top-blowing air pipe is in a shape of a straight cylinder, a conical cylinder or a cuboid, the top-blowing air pipe is made of steel iron, cast iron, stainless steel, copper or refractory material, the transverse section specification of the top-blowing air pipe is 10-1000 mm, and the included angle between the air inlet angle formed by the top-blowing air pipe and the furnace top surface is 0-90 degrees.

Preferably, the furnace body is a vertical cuboid or cylinder.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the technical scheme of the invention can effectively accelerate the metallurgical reaction process, strengthen the effect of the antimony ore blast furnace volatilization smelting oxidation reaction, improve the productivity, reduce the energy consumption, improve the economic and technical indexes and reduce the production cost.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes a furnace body and a furnace chamber 2 arranged in the furnace body, wherein the furnace body includes a furnace top and a furnace body 1.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an antimony ore side-blown top-blown mixes furnace hearth to smelt and uses new furnace type, includes the furnace body and locates the furnace chamber in the furnace body, the furnace body includes furnace roof, stack, furnace belly water jacket and furnace hearth, be provided with one or more on the furnace roof and the communicating top-blown jack in the furnace chamber, be provided with the storage bin on the furnace roof, be provided with the flue rather than the furnace chamber intercommunication on the furnace body lateral wall, the lower part of furnace body is provided with a plurality of furnace belly water jackets, be provided with the side blowing pipe on the lateral wall of furnace belly water jacket, the bottom of furnace belly water jacket is provided with refractory material furnace hearth, be provided with slag notch or slag notch and antimony matte mouth on the furnace hearth inboard wall.

2. The new furnace type for smelting antimony ore in a side-blown top-blown mixed bath according to claim 1, wherein the furnace belly water jacket is a combination assembled by a plurality of water jackets, and the water jacket combination is in the shape of a straight cylinder, an inverted cone cylinder, a cuboid or an inverted trapezoid.

3. The new furnace type for smelting antimony ore through the side-blown top-blown mixed molten pool according to claim 1, wherein the side-blown air pipes are in a shape of a straight cylinder, a conical cylinder or a cuboid, the side-blown air pipes are made of steel or stainless steel or copper, the transverse section of each side-blown air pipe is 10-1000 mm, an air inlet angle formed by installing the side-blown air pipes and an ascites sleeve wall of the furnace form an included angle of 0-90 degrees, and the side-blown air pipes are horizontally arranged in a single row or horizontally and longitudinally arranged in multiple rows.

4. The new furnace type for smelting antimony ore through the side-blown top-blown mixed molten pool according to claim 1, wherein the top-blown jacks are in a shape of a straight cylinder, a conical cylinder or a cuboid, the top-blown jacks are made of steel, cast iron, stainless steel, copper or a refractory material, the specifications of the transverse sections of the top-blown jacks are 10-1000 mm, and the included angles between the air inlet angles arranged on the top-blown jacks and the top surface of the furnace are 0-90 degrees.

5. The new furnace type for smelting antimony ore through the side-blown top-blown mixed molten pool according to claim 1, wherein the top-blown air pipe is in a shape of a straight cylinder, a conical cylinder or a cuboid, the top-blown air pipe is made of steel iron, cast iron, stainless steel, copper or a refractory material, the transverse section of the top-blown air pipe is 10-1000 mm, and an air inlet angle formed by installing the top-blown air pipe and the top surface of the furnace is 0-90 degrees.

6. The new furnace type for smelting antimony ore in a side-blown top-blown mixed molten pool according to claim 1, wherein the furnace body is a vertical cuboid or cylinder.