CN111020225A - Novel furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore in same hearth through volatilization smelting and flash smelting and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
Novel furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore in same hearth through volatilization smelting and flash smelting and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111020225A CN111020225A CN201911238413.2A CN201911238413A CN111020225A CN 111020225 A CN111020225 A CN 111020225A CN 201911238413 A CN201911238413 A CN 201911238413A CN 111020225 A CN111020225 A CN 111020225A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B30/00—Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth
- C22B30/02—Obtaining antimony
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal antimony smelting, and discloses a novel furnace and a smelting method for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore volatilization smelting and flash smelting in the same hearth, a nozzle is arranged at the top or the side of the traditional antimony blast furnace, blocky materials are fed into the furnace from a bin at the top of the blast furnace and are accumulated above a tuyere zone in a hearth to carry out volatilization, smelting and oxidation reaction, antimony powder is conveyed by air or oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen and enters the furnace through the nozzle in a spraying manner, meanwhile, flash smelting oxidation reaction is carried out in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part in the hearth, antimony-rich slag generated after flash smelting oxidation reaction of gangue impurities in the fine ore falls into a hearth lump ore layer and then participates in the blast furnace volatilization smelting, and gangue impurities in the lump ore and a flux are subjected to slagging reaction to generate ideal depleted low-antimony slag, the slag enters a hearth, and is discharged out of the furnace through a hearth slag hole or flows into a front bed through a slag channel and then is discharged out of the furnace. The technical scheme of the invention can effectively improve the productivity, reduce the energy consumption and reduce the production cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal antimony smelting, in particular to a novel furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore volatilization smelting and flash smelting in the same hearth and a smelting method thereof.
Background
The traditional antimony ore rough smelting process is more widely applied with three processes of vertical shaft furnace volatilization roasting, open hearth furnace volatilization roasting and blast furnace volatilization smelting, wherein the vertical shaft furnace volatilization roasting and the open hearth furnace volatilization roasting are listed as obsolete backward productivity by the nation because of low productivity and large labor intensity. The traditional antimony ore rough smelting process is mainly an antimony blast furnace volatilization smelting process, and the specific scheme is that after being pelletized, powder ore and lump ore are mixed with coke, iron ore, limestone and the like according to a proper proportion, the mixture is put into a furnace from a furnace top bin in batches in a classified manner, volatilization, smelting and oxidation reaction are carried out in a hearth above a furnace belly water jacket tuyere area to generate antimony oxide, the smoke of the antimony oxide dust enters a subsequent condensation dust collecting system through a flue, and the antimony oxide dust is cooled, settled and collected in the condensation dust collecting system and then is conveyed to the next antimony reduction and refining process through pipeline air pressure; the gangue in the ore reacts with two fluxes of iron ore and limestone in the hearth to generate slag, the slag enters the hearth and is discharged out of the furnace through a slag port of the hearth or flows into a front bed through a slag channel and then is discharged out of the furnace. The antimony ore rough smelting blast furnace volatilization smelting process has the characteristics of strong raw material applicability, large processing capacity, high mechanization degree and the like, and becomes the unique antimony ore rough smelting process widely popularized and applied at present. Although the antimony blast furnace is the most advanced antimony smelting production process at present, compared with other non-ferrous metal smelting processes, the antimony blast furnace has the advantages of high energy consumption, low capacity and unsatisfactory economic benefits, almost no technology upgrading progress in half a century after development, and severe restriction on industry development, gradually falls into the future compared with other new technologies for non-ferrous metal smelting, and has a gap with the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction processes proposed by the state.
Flash smelting is one of the most advanced production processes for smelting heavy non-ferrous metals such as copper, nickel and the like at present. The basic process principle is as follows: grinding ore to below a specified particle size, drying to below a specified moisture content, spraying into a reaction chamber in a flash furnace through a nozzle to enable the ore particles to be suspended in high-temperature oxidizing gas flow, rapidly generating an oxidation reaction of sulfide minerals, and releasing a large amount of heat energy. The fuel consumption of the copper-nickel flash smelting process is only about 50 percent of that of the traditional smelting process. The flash smelting process has the advantages of low energy consumption, large bed capacity, high automation degree, clean production environment and the like.
During the course of research and practice on this method, the inventors of the present invention found that: the antimony ore rough smelting production process aims at producing antimony oxide through oxidation reaction of sulfide minerals, and antimony ores are extremely easy to volatilize and oxidize and are very suitable for flash smelting.
The flash smelting industrial test of antimony ore has been carried out for several times in the industry, and the flash smelting industrial test of antimony ore is terminated because the antimony content of slag is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore in the same hearth through volatilization smelting and flash smelting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the antimony ore blast furnace is in a vertical cuboid or cylinder shape, a storage bin is arranged at the top of the blast furnace, a furnace body made of refractory material is arranged in the middle of the blast furnace, a flue communicated with the furnace body is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, a furnace belly water jacket is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, a tuyere is arranged on the side wall of the furnace belly water jacket, a furnace hearth is arranged at the bottom of the furnace belly water jacket, and a slag passage or a slag outlet and an antimony matte port are arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace hearth; the top or the side wall of the shaft of the blast furnace is provided with a nozzle for spraying the fine ore.
Furthermore, the shape of the nozzle is a straight cylinder or a conical cylinder, one or more nozzles are arranged, and the diameter of each nozzle is 10-1000 mm.
Furthermore, the included angle between the spray angle of the nozzle installation and the horizontal plane is 0-180 degrees.
The invention also discloses a smelting method of a new furnace type for simultaneously mixing and smelting antimony ore blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting in the same hearth, which comprises the steps of putting the antimony ore blocks, the block fuel and the block flux into the furnace from a bin at the top of the blast furnace according to a set sequence, carrying out volatilization smelting oxidation reaction on the block ore above a furnace belly water jacket tuyere area in the hearth, simultaneously conveying air or oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen for dried antimony powder ore, feeding the dried antimony powder ore into the furnace through a nozzle on the blast furnace in an injection mode, carrying out flash smelting oxidation reaction in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part in the hearth, and simultaneously carrying out two oxidations. Antimony-rich slag generated after flash smelting oxidation reaction of gangue impurities in powder ore falls into a hearth lump ore layer and then participates in the volatilization smelting of a blast furnace, and the antimony-rich slag and gangue impurities in the lump ore together with a flux perform slagging reaction to generate ideal depleted low-antimony slag, the depleted low-antimony slag enters a hearth, and is discharged out of the furnace through a hearth slag port or flows into a front bed through a slag channel and then is discharged out of the furnace.
Furthermore, the particle diameter of the antimony fine ore is less than 10 mm, and the water content is less than 15%.
7. Further, the jet power of the antimony ore powder is conveyed by air or oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen, the antimony ore powder is continuously jetted or jetted at intervals, the jet speed is 0.1-100 m/s, and the jet flow is 1-10000 g/s.
The invention adopts a new furnace type and a new smelting process for simultaneously mixing and smelting antimony ore blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting in the same hearth, a reaction chamber is fully utilized, dry particle powder ore generates flash smelting reaction in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part of the hearth, and the reaction speed is far higher than that of the traditional blast furnace process, so that the productivity can be effectively improved; in the application of the novel process for simultaneously mixing and smelting antimony ore in the same hearth through blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting, antimony-rich slag generated by flash smelting oxidation reaction of antimony powder ore in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part of the hearth sinks into a lump ore mixture at the bottom of the hearth, then participates in the production process of blast furnace volatilization smelting, carries out secondary slagging with two fluxes of iron ore and limestone, and carries out slagging reaction with gangue impurities in the lump antimony ore to generate ideal depleted low-antimony slag, thereby effectively avoiding the problem that the slag of the traditional flash smelting industrial test furnace has overhigh antimony content.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a blast furnace according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a blast furnace; 2-a storage bin; 3-a nozzle; 4-flue; 5-furnace belly water jacket; 6-blast nozzle; 7-hearth; 8-slag hole; 9-slag channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
One 2m2The blast furnace without front bed for smelting antimony adopts the same hearth of blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting of antimony ore and simultaneously mixes the new furnace type for smelting and the new smelting process. The method comprises the following steps of (1) proportionally mixing massive antimony ore, coke, iron ore and limestone, and putting the mixture into a blast furnace 1 from a storage bin 2 at the top of the blast furnace 1 in a set sequence, wherein the massive material entering the blast furnace 1 is subjected to volatilization smelting oxidation reaction above a tuyere 6 area in a furnace belly water jacket 5 to generate smoke containing antimony oxide dust; after antimony ore powder with the particle diameter smaller than 1mm is dried until the water content is smaller than 1%, oxygen-enriched air is conveyed from a nozzle 3 at the top of a blast furnace 1, the antimony ore powder is vertically and downwards sprayed into the blast furnace 1 at the flow rate of 3 m/s and the flow rate of 100 g/s, the antimony ore powder sprayed into the blast furnace 1 is subjected to flash smelting oxidation reaction in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part of a hearth of the blast furnace 1 to generate smoke containing antimony oxide dust, and the mixed smoke generated by the two reactions enters a subsequent condensation dust collection system through a flue 4; antimony-rich slag generated by flash smelting oxidation reaction of antimony powder ore in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part of a hearth sinks into a hearth lump ore layer, participates in a blast volatilization smelting production process, performs secondary slagging reaction with two fluxes of iron ore and limestone, performs slagging reaction with gangue impurities in the lump antimony ore, and generates depleted low-antimony slag which enters a hearth 7 and is directly discharged out of the furnace through a hearth slag hole 8. This 2m2When the antimony-smelting forehearth-free blast furnace is produced by adopting the traditional oxygen-enriched antimony blast furnace process, the processing capacity is 80 tons/day, the coke rate is 25 percent, and the monthly mean value of the antimony contained in the slag is 0.85 percent; after the novel process of blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting and simultaneous mixed smelting is adopted for production, the processing capacity is 110 tons/day, the coke rate is 18 percent, and the monthly mean value of the slag containing antimony is 0.83 percent.
Example 2
One 3m2The front bed blast furnace for smelting antimony adopts the same hearth of blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting of antimony ore and simultaneously mixes the new furnace type for smelting and the new smelting process. The method comprises the following steps of (1) proportionally mixing massive antimony ore, coke, iron ore and limestone, and putting the mixture into a blast furnace 1 from a storage bin 2 at the top of the blast furnace 1 in a set sequence, wherein the massive material entering the blast furnace 1 is subjected to volatilization smelting oxidation reaction above a tuyere 6 area in a furnace belly water jacket 5 to generate smoke containing antimony oxide dust; after antimony ore powder with the particle diameter smaller than 1mm is dried until the water content is smaller than 1%, air is used for conveying the antimony ore powder from a nozzle 3 on a furnace body of a blast furnace 1, the antimony ore powder is sprayed into the blast furnace 1 in the horizontal direction at the flow rate of 4 m/s and the flow rate of 150 g/s, the antimony ore powder sprayed into the blast furnace 1 is subjected to flash smelting oxidation reaction in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part of a hearth of the blast furnace 1 to generate smoke containing antimony oxide dust, and the mixed smoke generated by the two reactions enters a subsequent condensation dust collection system through a flue 4; antimony-rich slag generated by flash smelting oxidation reaction of antimony powder ore in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part of a hearth sinks into a hearth lump ore layer, participates in a blast volatilization smelting production process, performs secondary slagging reaction with two fluxes of iron ore and limestone, performs slagging reaction with gangue impurities in the lump antimony ore, and generates depleted low-antimony slag which enters a hearth 7, flows into a front bed through a slag channel 9 and then is discharged out of the furnace through a front bed slag port. This 3m2When the antimony smelting fore-bed antimony blast furnace is produced by adopting the traditional common air supply antimony blast furnace process, the processing capacity is 80t/d, the coke rate is 35 percent, and the monthly mean value of the antimony contained in the slag is 0.92 percent; after the novel process of blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting and simultaneous mixed smelting is adopted for production, the processing capacity is 120t/d, the coke rate is 25 percent, and the monthly mean value of the slag containing antimony is 0.95 percent.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an antimony ore volatilizees to smelt and mixes simultaneously with same furnace of flash smelting and smelts and use novel stove which characterized in that: the antimony ore blast furnace is in a vertical cuboid or cylinder shape, a storage bin is arranged at the top of the blast furnace, a furnace body made of refractory materials is arranged in the middle of the blast furnace, a flue communicated with the furnace body is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body, a furnace belly water jacket is arranged at the lower part of the furnace body, a tuyere is arranged on the side wall of the furnace belly water jacket, a furnace hearth is arranged at the bottom of the furnace belly water jacket, and a slag passing channel or a slag outlet and an antimony matte port are arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace hearth; it is characterized in that a nozzle for spraying fine ore is arranged on the top or the side wall of the furnace body of the blast furnace.
2. The new furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting in the same hearth for antimony ore volatilization smelting and flash smelting according to claim 1, wherein the nozzles are in the shape of a straight cylinder or a conical cylinder, the number of the nozzles is one or more, and the diameter of each nozzle is 10 mm to 1000 mm.
3. The new furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting in the same hearth for antimony ore volatilization smelting and flash smelting according to claim 1, wherein the included angle between the injection angle of the nozzle installation and the horizontal plane is 0-180 °.
4. A new furnace type smelting method for blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting of antimony ore in the same hearth according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein antimony ore, lump fuel and lump flux are put into the furnace from a bin at the top of the blast furnace in a set sequence, the lump ore is subjected to volatilization smelting oxidation reaction above a water jacket tuyere zone in the hearth, and simultaneously air or oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen for dried antimony powder is conveyed to the furnace through a nozzle on the blast furnace in a spraying manner, flash smelting oxidation reaction is carried out in a high-temperature cavity at the upper part in the hearth, and the two oxidations are carried out simultaneously. Antimony-rich slag generated after flash smelting oxidation reaction of gangue impurities in powder ore falls into a hearth lump ore layer and then participates in the volatilization smelting of a blast furnace, and the antimony-rich slag and gangue impurities in the lump ore together with a flux perform slagging reaction to generate ideal depleted low-antimony slag, the depleted low-antimony slag enters a hearth, and is discharged out of the furnace through a hearth slag port or flows into a front bed through a slag channel and then is discharged out of the furnace.
5. The smelting method of a new furnace type for blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting of antimony ore in the same hearth according to claim 4, wherein the particle diameter of the antimony ore powder is less than 10 mm, and the water content is less than 15%.
6. The new type smelting method for blast volatilization smelting and flash smelting of antimony ore in the same hearth and simultaneous mixed smelting according to claim 4, wherein the power for injecting antimony ore powder is delivered by air or oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen, the injection is performed continuously or at intervals, the injection speed is 0.1-100 m/s, and the injection flow is 1-10000 g/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911238413.2A CN111020225A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Novel furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore in same hearth through volatilization smelting and flash smelting and smelting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911238413.2A CN111020225A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Novel furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore in same hearth through volatilization smelting and flash smelting and smelting method thereof |
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| CN111020225A true CN111020225A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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| CN201911238413.2A Withdrawn CN111020225A (en) | 2019-12-06 | 2019-12-06 | Novel furnace for simultaneous mixed smelting of antimony ore in same hearth through volatilization smelting and flash smelting and smelting method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113247945A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-13 | 山西于斯为盛环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for synthesizing zinc oxide by zinc vapor in metallurgical zinc-containing ash treatment process |
| CN114293030A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 贵州东峰锑业股份有限公司 | Antimony ore smelting equipment |
-
2019
- 2019-12-06 CN CN201911238413.2A patent/CN111020225A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113247945A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-13 | 山西于斯为盛环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for synthesizing zinc oxide by zinc vapor in metallurgical zinc-containing ash treatment process |
| CN114293030A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-08 | 贵州东峰锑业股份有限公司 | Antimony ore smelting equipment |
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Application publication date: 20200417 |