CN111098092B - Mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method - Google Patents

Mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method Download PDF

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CN111098092B
CN111098092B CN201911253263.2A CN201911253263A CN111098092B CN 111098092 B CN111098092 B CN 111098092B CN 201911253263 A CN201911253263 A CN 201911253263A CN 111098092 B CN111098092 B CN 111098092B
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trestle
rectangular ring
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CN111098092A (en
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胡元伟
宋捷
王华东
刘朝辉
杨家典
罗鸿飞
李景鹏
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Guizhou Aviation Technical Development Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cylinder forging forming, in particular to a mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method, which comprises the following steps: blanking a blank; heating and preserving heat; punching and expanding; reaming the trestle and flattening the end surface; drawing out a mandrel; and (4) reaming and forming the trestle. According to the invention, the mandrel drawing-out treatment is carried out on the blank after punching, hole expanding and trestle reaming, the inner diameter pedal angle of the forge piece can be controlled within 7mm, the problem of the forming dimension out-of-tolerance of the forge piece can be controlled to the maximum extent, the blanking weight is reduced, and the material utilization rate is improved; meanwhile, the problem that the blank punching difficulty is high in the forging process of the high cylinder part is solved.

Description

Mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cylinder forging forming, and particularly relates to a method for shaping a mandrel drawing TA15 high cylinder part.
Background
Titanium and titanium alloy have small density, high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, excellent high-temperature and low-temperature performance and the like, and are widely used in the industries of aerospace, weapons, nuclear energy, petroleum, chemical metallurgy, machinery, ships, ocean development, seawater desalination, medical sanitation, sports and leisure and the like. With the increasingly wide application of titanium and titanium alloy, the requirements on the titanium and titanium alloy materials are not limited to conventional materials such as pipes, rods and plates, and the thin strips, sectional materials, large ring pieces, various standard parts of large-diameter cylindrical parts and the like put higher requirements on the processing of the titanium and titanium alloy. The large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical part made of the titanium alloy material has the characteristics of light weight and high strength, and has wide application in the fields of aviation, aerospace and weapons. The TA15 titanium alloy is a medium-temperature titanium alloy widely used in aviation, has good creep resistance and high medium-temperature strength, but has lower material plasticity and poorer rotatability.
At present, the manufacturing method of the titanium alloy large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical part comprises casting, forging, roll bending welding and the like. The casting technology can realize the forming of certain large-size thin-wall cylindrical parts, but is limited by the method, the produced products have low material performance and have the defects of looseness, shrinkage cavity, segregation and the like, and the defects can not be completely eliminated through subsequent treatment, so the cast products can not be used on products with higher requirements, such as pressure vessels, air-tight components and the like. The large-diameter thin-wall cylindrical part manufactured by roll bending welding has low dimensional precision, has a longitudinal welding line, is not an integral product, has great influence on a subsequent welding process, and is difficult to use on products such as a pressure container with high requirements on complexity and reliability. The forging technology can realize the manufacturing of high-performance products, but the forming capability is very limited, the manufacturing of large-size thin-wall cylindrical parts is very difficult, especially the thin-wall high cylindrical parts cannot be manufactured, even if some products can be forged, the wall thickness is generally very large, the material waste is serious, and the cost is high. Since the thin-wall high cylinder part exists in the forging technology, many researchers research the thin-wall high cylinder part.
For example, patent publication No. CN110170606A discloses a preparation process of a 2A14 aluminum alloy high cylinder part: (1) multi-directional forging and cogging: heating the 2A14 aluminum alloy cast ingot to 475-485 ℃ in a resistance furnace, and carrying out multidirectional forging on a hydraulic press; (2) punching: punching the multi-directional forged blank on a hydraulic press; (3) high-temperature solid solution: heating the punched blank to 498-502 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-5 h; (4) reaming; (5) high-temperature solid solution: heating the ring blank after hole expansion to 498-502 ℃, and preserving heat for 4-5 h; (6) intermediate-temperature ring rolling: cooling the ring blank subjected to high-temperature solid solution to 200-250 ℃ at room temperature, and then carrying out ring rolling with the deformation amount of 25-30%; (7) and (4) carrying out heat treatment to finish the preparation of the 2A14 aluminum alloy high cylinder piece. The reaming comprises two stages: firstly, carrying out high-temperature trestle reaming and mandrel drawing on a blank subjected to high-temperature solid solution on a hydraulic press, and flattening the axial direction to prepare a ring rolling blank; and then cooling the blank to 200-250 ℃ at room temperature, and carrying out medium-temperature trestle reaming. The invention adopts the medium-temperature trestle reaming, the intermediate high-temperature solution heat treatment and the medium-temperature ring rolling process to crush and dissolve the coarse second-phase compound and refine the grain structure so as to improve the comprehensive mechanical property of the 2A14 aluminum alloy high-cylinder part; however, due to the difference in the structure and performance of titanium alloy and aluminum alloy materials, the forming process of the aluminum alloy thin-wall high cylinder cannot be used for forming the titanium alloy high cylinder; the problem of low material utilization rate caused by the problem of overlarge inner diameter pedal angle during the forming of the titanium alloy forging piece can not be solved.
For example, patent publication No. CN 101934341A discloses a forging process of a TC4 titanium alloy cylindrical part, which is performed according to the following steps: ingot casting and cutting → heating in a natural gas furnace → upsetting and drawing a rod blank → heating in a box type resistance furnace → forging a ring blank → surface mechanical treatment → coating a steel sleeve → two-phase region heating → reaming → mandrel drawing → finish forging finished ring blank → heat treatment → flattening the end face and the inner and outer surfaces → finished product inspection. According to the forged TC4 titanium alloy cylindrical part, cracks on the inner and outer peripheral surfaces and the end faces of the forged titanium alloy cylindrical part are few, smooth and flat after the steel sheath is removed, the utilization rate of a titanium alloy material and the quality of a forging stock are obviously improved, the production cost is reduced, and the cost is saved by more than 26% compared with that before the improvement under the condition that the production efficiency is not reduced; however, the forging process provided by the invention is complicated and the cost is still high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for shaping a mandrel drawing length TA15 titanium alloy high cylinder part, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
a mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking blank: blanking a TA15 bar raw material according to the size of the blank, and sawing to obtain a TA15 blank;
(2) heating and heat preservation: heating the sawn TA15 blank to 40 +/-10 ℃ below the phase change point and carrying out heat preservation treatment;
(3) punching and expanding: punching and expanding the TA15 blank subjected to heat preservation treatment to obtain a rectangular ring blank 1;
(4) broaching the trestle and flattening the end face: carrying out trestle reaming and end surface flattening on the rectangular ring blank 1 to obtain a rectangular ring blank 2;
(5) drawing out a mandrel: carrying out mandrel drawing on the rectangular ring blank 2 to obtain a rectangular ring blank 3;
(6) and (3) reaming and forming of the trestle: and (3) carrying out trestle reaming and end surface flattening on the rectangular ring blank 3 to obtain the forging of the TA15 material high cylinder piece.
Preferably, the main chemical element content of the TA15 bar is as follows by mass percent: fe is less than or equal to 0.25 percent, C is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, H is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, O is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, the balance elements are Ti and inevitable impurities, the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.30, and the content of single impurities is less than or equal to 0.10.
More preferably, the main chemical element content of the TA15 bar is as follows by mass percent: 0.057% of Fe, 0.0089% of C, 0.0054% of N, 0.0022% of H and 0.14% of O, and the balance of elements including Ti and inevitable impurities, wherein the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.30, and the content of a single impurity is less than or equal to 0.10.
Preferably, in the step (1), the size of the TA15 billet is Φ 300 × 706 mm.
Preferably, in the step (2), the incubation time is as follows: the effective thickness of the bar is 6min/10 mm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the deformation amount of the punched hole and the expanded hole is 10-12%, and the size of the rectangular ring blank 1 is phi (366 +/-10) × (130 +/-10) × (520 +/-6) mm.
Preferably, in the step (4), the deformation amount of the trestle reaming is 10-11%, and the size of the rectangular ring blank 2 is phi (380 +/-10) × (170 +/-5) × (480 +/-10) mm.
Preferably, in the step (4), the deformation amount of the mandrel drawing is 18-20%, and the size of the rectangular ring blank 3 is phi (360 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (594 +/-10) mm.
Preferably, in the step (6), the deformation amount of the trestle in hole expanding forming is 29-31%; the dimensions of a tall cylinder of TA15 material are Φ (394. + -.7). times.Φ (246. + -.7). times.594. + -.7 mm.
Preferably, in the steps (3) to (6), the temperature of the blank before the start of each step is 40 +/-10 ℃ below the transformation point, and the temperature of the blank after the completion of each step is not less than 850 ℃, namely the finish forging temperature is not less than 850 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the mandrel drawing-out forming method for the TA15 high cylinder with high forming height, and can solve the problem of high blank punching difficulty in the forging process of the high cylinder. The principle of mandrel forming is as follows: the blank of the forging is punched, expanded and reamed by a saddle to obtain a blank of a rectangular blank, a mandrel with the outer diameter specification and the inner diameter matched with the inner diameter of the blank is placed on the inner diameter of the blank, the blank is transversely placed on a workbench, the outer diameter of the blank is integrally extruded by a press, the blank is uniformly rolled, the tissue on the outer diameter of the blank flows to the height, the height dimension is increased, the outer diameter dimension is reduced, and the inner diameter dimension is unchanged. Thereby reducing the problem of excessive inner diameter step angle of the blank during forming.
According to the invention, the blanking blank is formed by punching, expanding the hole of the saddle and drawing out the mandrel, the inner diameter pedal angle of the forge piece is controlled within 7mm, the problem of the forming size out-of-tolerance of the forge piece can be controlled to the maximum extent, the blanking weight can be reduced, and the material utilization rate can be improved.
The invention strictly controls the deformation and the blank size of the processing steps of punching, expanding, trestle reaming, mandrel drawing and the like, can prevent the size of the forged piece from being out of tolerance, and meets the requirement of machining size.
The mandrel drawing-out TA15 high-cylinder part shaping method provided by the invention has high material utilization rate, and the obtained TA15 high-cylinder part completely meets the use requirements of the alloy forging and can be applied to front joints, rear joints, cylinder sections and the like for rocket engines and missile engines.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, without inventive step, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rectangular ring blank 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of first-time trestle reaming, namely 1-upper anvil, 2-horse bar, 3-forge piece and 4-trestle.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of mandrel drawing, 5-upper anvil, 3-forging, 6-mandrel, 3-forging, 7-lower anvil.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a TA15 material high cylinder.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further defined below with reference to the specific embodiments, but the scope of the claims is not limited to the description.
Example 1
A mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking blank: blanking a TA15 bar raw material according to the size of the blank, and sawing to obtain a TA15 blank; the blank size is (phi 300 multiplied by 706 mm);
the main chemical element content of the TA15 bar is as follows by mass percent: 0.099% of Fe, 0.042% of C, 0.004% of N, 0.0007% of H, 0.12% of O, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities, wherein the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.30, and the content of a single impurity is less than or equal to 0.10;
(2) heating and heat preservation: heating the sawed TA15 blank to 40 +/-10 ℃ below the transformation point, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for the following time: the effective thickness of the bar material is multiplied by 6min/10 mm;
(3) punching and expanding: punching and expanding the TA15 blank subjected to heat preservation treatment to obtain a rectangular ring blank 1[ phi (366 +/-10) × phi (130 +/-10) × (520 +/-6) mm ]; the deformation of the punched hole and the expanded hole is 10 percent;
(4) broaching the trestle and flattening the end face: carrying out trestle reaming (as shown in figure 2) on the rectangular ring blank 1, and flattening the end surface to obtain a rectangular ring blank 2[ phi (380 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (480 +/-10) mm ]; the deformation of the trestle reaming is 10%;
(5) drawing out a mandrel: carrying out mandrel drawing on the rectangular ring blank 2 (as shown in figure 3) to obtain a rectangular ring blank 3[ phi (360 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (594 +/-10) mm ], wherein the deformation is 18%;
(6) and (3) reaming and forming of the trestle: and (3) carrying out trestle reaming forming on the rectangular ring blank 3, wherein the deformation of the trestle reaming is 29%, and obtaining the forging piece [ phi (394 +/-7) × phi (246 +/-7) × (594 +/-7) mm ] of the TA15 material high-cylinder part, wherein the inner diameter pedal angle is 6-7 mm.
Further, in the steps (3), (4), (5) and (6), the temperature of the finish forging is not less than 850 ℃.
The method provided in example 1, with a weight of 222kg, a remainder of 69kg, and a height of 7mm for the TA15 material cartridge.
Example 2
A mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking blank: blanking a TA15 bar raw material according to the size of the blank, and sawing to obtain a TA15 blank; the blank size is (phi 300 multiplied by 706 mm);
the main chemical element content of the TA15 bar is as follows by mass percent: 0.099% of Fe, 0.042% of C, 0.004% of N, 0.0007% of H, 0.12% of O, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities, wherein the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.30, and the content of a single impurity is less than or equal to 0.10;
(2) heating and heat preservation: heating the sawed TA15 blank to 40 +/-10 ℃ below the transformation point, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for the following time: the effective thickness of the bar material is multiplied by 6min/10 mm;
(3) punching and expanding: punching and expanding the TA15 blank subjected to heat preservation treatment to obtain a rectangular ring blank 1[ phi (366 +/-10) × phi (130 +/-10) × (520 +/-6) mm ]; the deformation of the punched hole and the expanded hole is 10 percent;
(4) broaching the trestle and flattening the end face: carrying out trestle reaming (as shown in figure 2) on the rectangular ring blank 1, and flattening the end surface to obtain a rectangular ring blank 2[ phi (380 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (480 +/-10) mm ]; the deformation of the trestle reaming is 11%;
(5) drawing out a mandrel: carrying out mandrel drawing on the rectangular ring blank 2 (as shown in figure 3) to obtain a rectangular ring blank 3[ phi (360 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (594 +/-10) mm ], wherein the deformation is 20%;
(6) and (3) reaming and forming of the trestle: and (3) carrying out trestle reaming forming on the rectangular ring blank 3, wherein the deformation of the trestle reaming is 30%, and obtaining the forging piece [ phi (394 +/-7) x phi (246 +/-7) x (594 +/-7) mm ] of the TA15 material high-cylinder piece, wherein the inner diameter pedal angle is 6-7 mm.
Further, in the steps (3), (4), (5) and (6), the temperature of the finish forging is not less than 850 ℃.
The weight of the square stock provided in example 2 was 222Kg, the remainder 65Kg, and the height of the TA15 material cylinder was 5.4 mm.
Example 3
A mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking blank: blanking a TA15 bar raw material according to the size of the blank, and sawing to obtain a TA15 blank; the blank size is (phi 300 multiplied by 706 mm);
the main chemical element content of the TA15 bar is as follows by mass percent: 0.057% of Fe, 0.0089% of C, 0.0054% of N, 0.0022% of H, 0.14% of O, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities, wherein the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.30, and the content of a single impurity is less than or equal to 0.10;
(2) heating and heat preservation: heating the sawed TA15 blank to 40 +/-10 ℃ below the transformation point, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for the following time: the effective thickness of the bar material is multiplied by 6min/10 mm;
(3) punching and expanding: punching and expanding the TA15 blank subjected to heat preservation treatment to obtain a rectangular ring blank 1[ phi (366 +/-10) × phi (130 +/-10) × (520 +/-6) mm ]; the deformation of the punched hole and the expanded hole is 10 percent;
(4) broaching the trestle and flattening the end face: carrying out trestle reaming (as shown in figure 2) on the rectangular ring blank 1, and flattening the end surface to obtain a rectangular ring blank 2[ phi (380 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (480 +/-10) mm ]; the deformation of the trestle reaming is 11%;
(5) drawing out a mandrel: carrying out mandrel drawing on the rectangular ring blank 2 (as shown in figure 3) to obtain a rectangular ring blank 3[ phi (360 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (594 +/-10) mm ], wherein the deformation is 20%;
(6) and (3) reaming and forming of the trestle: and (3) carrying out trestle reaming forming on the rectangular ring blank 3, wherein the deformation of the trestle reaming is 29%, and obtaining the forging piece [ phi (394 +/-7) × phi (246 +/-7) × (594 +/-7) mm ] of the TA15 material high-cylinder part, wherein the inner diameter pedal angle is 6-7 mm.
Further, in the steps (3), (4), (5) and (6), the temperature of the finish forging is not less than 850 ℃.
The process as provided in example 3 gave a weight of 222Kg of feed, 67Kg of excess, and 6.2mm of TA15 material as a high bobbin.
Example 4
A mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method comprises the following steps:
(1) blanking blank: blanking a TA15 bar raw material according to the size of the blank, and sawing to obtain a TA15 blank; the blank size is (phi 300 multiplied by 706 mm);
the main chemical element content of the TA15 bar is as follows by mass percent: 0.057% of Fe, 0.0089% of C, 0.0054% of N, 0.0022% of H, 0.14% of O, and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities, wherein the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.30, and the content of a single impurity is less than or equal to 0.10;
(2) heating and heat preservation: heating the sawed TA15 blank to 40 +/-10 ℃ below the transformation point, and carrying out heat preservation treatment for the following time: the effective thickness of the bar material is multiplied by 6min/10 mm;
(3) punching and expanding: punching and expanding the TA15 blank subjected to heat preservation treatment to obtain a rectangular ring blank 1[ phi (366 +/-10) × phi (130 +/-10) × (520 +/-6) mm ]; the deformation of the punched hole and the expanded hole is 112%;
(4) broaching the trestle and flattening the end face: carrying out trestle reaming (as shown in figure 2) on the rectangular ring blank 1, and flattening the end surface to obtain a rectangular ring blank 2[ phi (380 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (480 +/-10) mm ]; the deformation of the trestle reaming is 11%;
(5) drawing out a mandrel: carrying out mandrel drawing on the rectangular ring blank 2 (as shown in figure 3) to obtain a rectangular ring blank 3[ phi (360 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (594 +/-10) mm ], wherein the deformation is 18%;
(6) and (3) reaming and forming of the trestle: and (3) carrying out trestle reaming forming on the rectangular ring blank 3, wherein the deformation of the trestle reaming is 31%, and obtaining the forging piece [ phi (394 +/-7) × phi (246 +/-7) × (594 +/-7) mm ] of the TA15 material high-cylinder piece, wherein the inner diameter pedal angle is 6-7 mm.
Further, in the steps (3), (4), (5) and (6), the temperature of the finish forging is not less than 850 ℃.
The process as provided in example 4 gave a weight of 222Kg of feed, 63Kg of excess, and 5.4mm of TA15 material as a high bobbin.
Comparative example 1
The forging of the high cylinder made of TA15 material forged in the embodiment 4 [ phi (394 +/-7) × phi (246 +/-7) × (594 +/-7) mm ] is processed by adopting the forging process of the TC4 titanium alloy cylinder disclosed in the patent publication No. CN 101934341A.
The internal diameter step angle of the obtained TA15 material high cylinder was 8 mm.
The method of comparative example 1, the weight of the material was 222Kg, the remaining height of the TA15 material was 8mm, and the remaining weight was 70 Kg.
It should be noted that the above examples and test examples are only for further illustration and understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not to be construed as further limitations of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the invention which does not highlight essential features and significant advances made by those skilled in the art still belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A mandrel drawing length TA15 high cylinder part shaping method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) blanking blank: blanking a TA15 bar raw material according to the size of the blank, and sawing to obtain a TA15 blank;
(2) heating and heat preservation: heating the sawn TA15 blank to 40 +/-10 ℃ below the phase change point and carrying out heat preservation treatment;
the heat preservation time is as follows: the effective thickness of the bar material is multiplied by 6min/10 mm;
the main chemical element content of the TA15 bar is as follows by mass percent: fe is less than or equal to 0.25 percent, C is less than or equal to 0.10 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, H is less than or equal to 0.015 percent, O is less than or equal to 0.15 percent, the balance elements are Ti and inevitable impurities, the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.30, and the content of single impurities is less than or equal to 0.10;
(3) punching and expanding: punching and expanding the TA15 blank subjected to heat preservation treatment to obtain a rectangular ring blank 1;
the deformation of the punching and expanding holes is 10-12%, and the size of the rectangular ring blank 1 is phi (366 +/-10) x phi (130 +/-10) x (520 +/-6) mm;
(4) broaching the trestle and flattening the end face: carrying out trestle reaming and end surface flattening on the rectangular ring blank 1 to obtain a rectangular ring blank 2;
the deformation of the trestle reaming is 10-11%, and the size of the rectangular ring blank 2 is phi (380 +/-10) x phi (170 +/-5) x (480 +/-10) mm;
(5) drawing out a mandrel: carrying out mandrel drawing on the rectangular ring blank 2 to obtain a rectangular ring blank 3;
the deformation amount of the mandrel drawing is 18-20%, and the size of the rectangular ring blank 3 is phi (360 +/-10) × phi (170 +/-5) × (594 +/-10) mm;
(6) and (3) reaming and forming of the trestle: carrying out trestle reaming and end surface flattening on the rectangular ring blank 3 to obtain a forging of the TA15 material high cylinder piece;
the deformation of the trestle in reaming forming is 29-31%; the dimensions of a tall cylinder of TA15 material are Φ (394. + -.7). times.Φ (246. + -.7). times.594. + -.7 mm.
2. The mandrel drawing TA15 high barrel part shaping method according to claim 1, wherein the TA15 bar contains the following main chemical elements by mass percent: 0.057% of Fe, 0.0089% of C, 0.0054% of N, 0.0022% of H and 0.14% of O, and the balance of elements including Ti and inevitable impurities, wherein the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.30, and the content of a single impurity is less than or equal to 0.10.
3. The method for reshaping a drawn mandrel TA15 high barrel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step (1), the size of TA15 billet is Φ 300 x 706 mm.
4. The method for reshaping a high barrel part by drawing TA15 a mandrel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the blank after completion of each of the steps (3) to (6) is not less than 850 ℃.
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