CN111098033A - Double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method - Google Patents
Double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111098033A CN111098033A CN201811260001.4A CN201811260001A CN111098033A CN 111098033 A CN111098033 A CN 111098033A CN 201811260001 A CN201811260001 A CN 201811260001A CN 111098033 A CN111098033 A CN 111098033A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
- B23K26/342—Build-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/356—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by shock processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method, which comprises the following technical characteristics: 1) two laser beams with different functions are simultaneously and mutually cooperated to stack deposition area materials layer by layer to form a workpiece; 2) the first continuous laser beam deposits the metal powder by the thermal effect, and at the same time, the second short pulse laser beam directly acts on the surface of the deposited metal within the forging temperature range, and the second short pulse laser shock wave mechanical effect performs shock forging on the deposit layer within the forging temperature range. The invention is characterized in that the double laser beams fully utilize the thermal effect and the shock wave mechanical effect, simultaneously work synchronously in a coupling way, refine the crystal grains of each layer of the cladding layer, improve the strength and the plasticity of the whole block material and the uniformity of the crystal grain size, eliminate the internal defects of the cladding layer such as air holes and the like and the thermal stress, obviously improve the internal quality and the mechanical and mechanical comprehensive properties of metal parts, and effectively control the problems of macroscopic deformation and cracking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method.
Background
The additive manufacturing is different from the traditional 'removal' manufacturing, does not need an original blank and a mould, directly generates objects with any shape by a material adding method according to computer graphic data, and is an important development direction of an advanced manufacturing technology.
The essence of the existing pure laser cladding 3D forming process is a free additive forming process, and the following common technical problems are generally existed: (1) internal defects: process parameters, external environment, fluctuations and changes in the melt state of the molten bath, changes in the scanning filling trajectory, etc., may cause various specific internal metallurgical defects in the internal localized regions of the part, such as porosity, lack of fusion, cracks, shrinkage porosity, etc. These internal defects are the fatal fatigue initiation source of the bearing structural member, which affects the internal quality and mechanical property of the final forming part and the service safety of the member. The structural characteristics of the additive manufacturing metal material are different from those of common cast-state, forged-state and welded-state metals. The texture characteristics are unfavorable for metal materials in many cases, for example, the microstructure formed by selective laser melting of the nickel-based alloy Inconel 718 has texture phenomena, and segregation of Nb and Mo elements also exists in a v-based solid solution. (2) Thermal stress and deformation cracking: the 3D printing and forming is a continuous circulating process of 'point-by-point scanning and melting-line-by-line scanning and lapping-layer-by-layer solidification and accumulation', the heat transfer efficiency of different parts of the section of the part is different, the cooling of the core material is slower, and the cooling of the surface material is faster. In the non-equilibrium solid phase change process under the rapid solidification shrinkage, the cyclic heating and the non-uniform cooling of the moving molten pool under the strong constraint, complex thermal stress, structural stress and stress concentration and deformation are generated in the part, the geometric dimension and the mechanical property of the part are seriously influenced, and the part is seriously warped, deformed and cracked.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art is how to avoid the problems of porosity, non-fusion and shrinkage porosity as much as possible when manufacturing metal parts by metal additive. The invention discloses a metal 3D printer and a printing method based on an interlayer impact strengthening process in Chinese patent CN 103862050A, and is characterized in that after a certain number of layers are deposited, 3D printing forming is stopped, then the upper surface of a cladding layer is heated to 100-700 ℃ by a heating device, and then laser impact strengthening or mechanical shot peening strengthening is carried out on the cladding layer. The method is a combination of three procedures of deposition, heating and strengthening, and the heating and strengthening are post-treatment processes of the deposition layer and are not combined processing. The process parameter selection of the three procedures is independent, has no influence and is independently implemented. It has the following problems that affect the utility: (1) the cladding layer is cooled and then subjected to laser shock peening, the plastic deformation of the cladding layer is small, and internal defects such as cavities, shrinkage porosity, microcracks and the like in the cladding layer are difficult to eliminate; (2) the complexity of the cladding layer heating device is multiplied along with the increase of the size and the structural complexity of the cladding part, and is even difficult to realize, and the local heating technology is more difficult. Heating a cooled 3D printed large-sized member to 700 ℃ will take a very long time, and a heating cycle is performed once after several layers are deposited, which is very inefficient. (3) The mechanical shot blasting is difficult to realize local area shot peening strengthening, and shot cleaning of shot blasting is difficult. Chinese patent CN 105935771 a is a method for processing a 3D printing laser micro-area of a metal mold, which adopts layered laser deposition, and then performs a second laser surface quenching process on the deposited layer, and so on, to form the metal mold. The method forms the metal die by two processes, and has low processing efficiency. Moreover, laser surface quenching can only change the surface hardness of parts, the internal defects of deposited layers are difficult to eliminate, and repeated laser quenching makes the internal stress larger and deformation and cracking are easier to occur.
Chinese patent CN 104525944 a discloses a metal material high energy beam-ultrasonic composite additive manufacturing method, and discloses the following technical features: melting metal forming materials by high-energy beams, performing ultrasonic impact on solidification after a certain number of layers are melted/solidified and accumulated layer by layer, and then continuing the melting/solidifying and accumulating layer by layer and the ultrasonic impact process until the whole forming process of the metal component is completed. Chinese patent CN 103305828A discloses an apparatus and method for ultrasonic impact strengthening of a cladding layer, and discloses the following technical features: after the laser cladding layer is prepared, an ultrasonic gun is used for carrying out ultrasonic impact on the laser cladding layer to ensure that the cladding rate reaches 100%, and finally, after the laser cladding layer is impacted, the next laser cladding process is carried out, and the ultrasonic impact and the laser cladding are carried out alternately in a circulating mode, so that the preparation of the complete laser cladding layer is finally realized. The two invention patents are the combination of two working procedures of deposition or melting/solidification-ultrasonic impact, the technological parameter selection of the two working procedures are independent and do not influence each other, and the two working procedures are implemented independently and are not composite processing.
The invention provides a double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method, which adopts a double-laser-beam simultaneous composite manufacturing process, namely a first beam of continuous laser deposits metal powder by utilizing a thermal effect, and a second beam of short pulse laser synchronously impacts and forges a material in a deposition area by utilizing an impact wave mechanical effect to perform composite manufacturing, and the material in the deposition area is stacked layer by layer to form a workpiece. The two laser beams have the parameters mutually influenced and have the best matching, so that the forming speed and the forging quality can be ensured to be optimal. The method is remarkably different from the method in a composite manufacturing process, two processes of metal deposition and plastic impact forging are carried out at the metal deposition stage, the part processing efficiency is improved, the forming quality is guaranteed, and the contradiction between the manufacturing efficiency and the quality of metal deposition forming is effectively solved.
Chinese patent CN 106141439 a discloses a laser shock device for eliminating residual stress of laser melting formed products, and discloses the following technical features: the top of a forming cavity is provided with a laser sintering system and a short pulse laser emission system, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged in a forming cylinder, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a laser shock wave detection system for detecting shock waves, the short pulse laser emission system and the laser shock wave detection system are all connected with a master control system, after a section of a formed product is formed by the forming laser sintering system (2), the master control system (8) adjusts the steering direction of a three-dimensional adjusting mechanism (12) on a scanning galvanometer (13) according to the section profile information of the formed product, so that the scanning galvanometer (13) rotates, the short pulse laser motion track passing through the scanning galvanometer (13) moves along the section profile of the product, and the product is subjected to impact strengthening (see specification [0019 ]]Paragraph) ", which is sintering and then impact strengthening, is an integration of two processes of SLM sintering and forming-laser impact strengthening, is not a composite process, and its substance is consistent with chinese patent CN 103862050 a, which is an essential difference from the present invention patent. Further, it has the following problems that affect the utility: (1) after the SLM sintering layer is formed into a section of a product, the product is subjected to impact reinforcement, the plastic deformation of the product is small, and internal defects such as cavities, shrinkage porosity and microcracks in the cladding layer are difficult to eliminate; (2) laser shock peening is a special techniqueThe Laser is originally proposed in the united states and listed as one of the key manufacturing technologies of the fourth generation aircraft engines in the united states, and currently, lasers used in engineering are neodymium glass lasers, YAG lasers and YLF lasers, and the Laser pulse power density must exceed 109W/cm2However, such high pulse laser beams cannot be transmitted by optical fibers at present; (3) the intensity of the shock wave is regularly attenuated in a negative index in a common metal material, the shock wave is more quickly attenuated in a sintering layer with the defects of hollow shrinkage porosity and the like, the propagation rule is more complex, effective signals are difficult to detect by adopting a PVDF pressure sensor, and along with the increase of sintering parts, the detection of laser shock wave signals is more difficult, and even the authenticity of the signals cannot be judged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method which can avoid the problems of air holes, unfused and shrinkage porosity and improve the mechanical property and fatigue strength of metal parts. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) the first continuous laser beam is used for depositing metal powder by utilizing the thermal effect, meanwhile, the second short pulse laser beam is directly acted on the surface of deposited metal in the forging temperature range, the metal surface layer absorbs the energy of the laser beam and then is gasified and ionized to form shock waves, and the second short pulse laser shock wave mechanical effect is used for impact forging on the deposited layer in the forging temperature range.
The coaxial powder feeding amount is monitored and controlled by a powder feeder, the thickness and the area of a deposition area are determined by the coaxial powder feeding amount, and the moving speed of a first continuous laser beam and the forging parameters of a second short pulse laser beam are influenced; and if the powder feeding amount exceeds/does not reach the processing amount of the first continuous laser beam, reducing/increasing the moving speed of the first continuous laser beam to form coupling control.
The second short pulse laser forging parameters are monitored and controlled by a light beam quality detection instrument or device, and the pulse width of the pulse laser is determined by the material thickness of a cladding area, so that the whole cladding layer deep material is fully and thoroughly forged; determining the pulse laser forging frequency and the size of a light spot according to the material area of a deposition area, ensuring that the laser impact forging moving speed is matched with the laser deposition speed, and ensuring that the temperature of the forging area is always in the temperature range which is easiest to plastically deform; if the area/thickness of the material in the deposit zone exceeds the second short pulse laser processing limit, the speed of the first continuous laser beam is reduced, resulting in closed loop control, and vice versa.
(2) The dual laser beams simultaneously and cooperatively stack the deposited area materials layer by layer to form the workpiece, so that the processing efficiency is improved by 1-2 times. By adjusting the laser impact forging frequency and the pulse power density, the difference of the cooling rate and the forging temperature interval of different materials is solved, so that the cladding layer can complete impact reinforcement under higher plasticity and low deformation resistance, and the laser cladding speed and the powder feeding parameter can be regulated and controlled by the laser impact forging frequency and the pressure parameter. The laser impact forging makes the grain of the cladding layer obviously refined, and the strength and the fatigue life of different materials after cladding forming can be improved by several times to dozens of times. The stability of the process parameters ensures that the grain size of the layer by layer is controllable, thereby realizing the uniformity of the grain size of the whole cladding layer. Internal defects such as air holes and the like of a cladding layer and thermal stress are eliminated, the internal quality and the comprehensive mechanical property of the metal part are improved, and the problems of macroscopic deformation and cracking are effectively controlled.
Preferably, the double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method is characterized in that a first continuous laser-beam forging temperature field model and an online detection and control method are established according to the forging temperature characteristics of different deposited metal materials; through tests of detecting the grain size, residual stress distribution, microstructure and the like of the forging cladding layer, a forging temperature field model is perfected, so that the material is in an optimal metal plastic forming temperature range (forging temperature) after being deposited and cooled, and impact forging is carried out by a second short pulse laser to form closed-loop control.
Preferably, the double-laser-beam cladding forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method is characterized in that online detection and control are carried out on parameters of a double-laser-beam composite manufacturing process, the second short-pulse laser can carry out impact forging on the cladding layer at any angle or position within 15-165 degrees of the front surface or the side surface, parameters such as laser pulse energy, laser pulse width, repetition frequency, spot size and shape are accurate, controllable and adjustable, and cladding forming parts with different structural characteristics can be processed.
In conclusion, the double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method provided by the invention breaks through the quality defect of the traditional metal deposition forming, simultaneously avoids the defects of secondary heating, thermal stress and efficiency reduction caused by a secondary strengthening process, provides a composite manufacturing process based on laser heat effect and shock wave mechanical effect, synchronously carries out laser shock treatment on a deposition area when a heat source melts metal powder to form the deposition area, completes the forming and strengthening process in one manufacturing process, and has the remarkable characteristics of high efficiency and high quality.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 shows the steps of the dual laser beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the microstructure of the cladding layer, wherein the cladding layer-1, the weld pool-2, the metal powder-3, the continuous laser-4, the short pulse laser-5, the plasma-6, the shock wave-7, the porosity, shrinkage porosity and non-fusion defects-8, the fused metal crystals-9, and the short pulse laser variable angle-10.
FIG. 3 shows a first continuous laser deposition temperature field model with a spot diameter of 3 mm.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 illustrates steps of an embodiment of the present invention.
1) The double laser beams work simultaneously and cooperatively, and the parameters include the powder feeding amount and moving speed of the first continuous laser beam, the repetition frequency, pulse width, spot diameter and angle of the second short laser beam, and the distance between the two laser beams.
2) The weld zone material is stacked layer-by-layer to form a workpiece.
The coordination and coupling between two laser parameters and the dual laser beam composite manufacturing process will be described in detail below by taking "dual laser beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing of Fe313 alloy powder" as an example.
As shown in fig. 2:
● setting of initial value of first beam laser parameter
The first continuous laser parameter is determined by the material characteristics of the formed part, in the embodiment, according to the melting point T of the Fe313 alloy powder being 1493 ℃, the temperature of a molten pool generated by the first continuous laser beam (4) is set to be 1500 ℃, the metal is deposited by laser, and the temperature of the molten pool can be obtained by the following energy conservation equation:
the formula is introduced from a literature 'three-dimensional numerical simulation of temperature field evolution in laser metal deposition forming process' formula (6) (see Zhang Dongyun, Wurui, Zhang Hui Peak, etc.. three-dimensional numerical simulation of temperature field evolution in laser metal deposition forming process [ J]Laser, 2015,42(5):104- & 115.); wherein rho is a density function, H is a heat dissipation coefficient, H is an enthalpy function, T is temperature, k is thermal conductivity,
is Nabla operator, V is a velocity function, fsIs state parameterA number, ranging from [0,1 ]]，fs0 denotes solid, f s1 denotes the liquid state, the subscript s denotes the solid state, l denotes the liquid state,
the amount of energy change due to the shielding gas and powder.
Therefore, the power density of the first laser beam is 2500W, the diameter of the outer ring of a facula is 3mm, the initial coaxial powder feeding amount is 10.2g/min, the thickness of the initial cladding layer is 0.43mm, and the initial moving speed of the laser beam is 3 mm/s.
● temperature monitoring and feedback
The continuous laser heat effect generates a molten pool (2), and a molten pool area light beam quality detection instrument monitors on line and feeds back to the controller in real time.
According to the forging temperature characteristics of the Fe313 alloy powder material, ABAQUS software is adopted to establish a first continuous laser beam forging temperature field model, as shown in figure 3. And (3) by analyzing the temperature field model, enabling the material to be in an optimal metal plastic forming temperature range (forging temperature) after deposition-cooling, and performing impact forging by using a second short pulse laser beam to form closed-loop control.
● setting the distance between two lasers
In this embodiment, the optimum forging temperature range of the Fe313 alloy powder is (0.5T-0.8T), i.e. 746-1194 ℃, and the temperature distribution of the molten pool area can be obtained by a beam quality inspection instrument. According to the temperature distribution of the outer ring edge of the first beam of laser spots, the time spent by the material at the edge of the first beam of laser spots to cool from 1500 ℃ (the temperature is higher than the melting point temperature) to the most appropriate forging temperature range of 746 ℃ -1194 ℃ is 0.11 s-0.43 s. Therefore, according to the initial moving speed of the first continuous laser beam of 3mm/s, the distance between the second short pulse laser beam and the edge of the first laser beam spot is determined to be 0.33 mm-1.29 mm.
Namely the distance between the center of the second beam of laser and the edge of the first beam of laser spot is 0.33 mm-1.29 mm,
● setting of parameters of second laser beam
The parameters of the second beam of short pulse laser are determined by the initial value of the first beam of continuous laser. In order to eliminate the internal defects such as air holes and the like of a cladding layer and thermal stress, improve the internal quality and the comprehensive mechanical property of parts and effectively control the problems of macroscopic deformation and cracking, the material is in an optimal metal plastic forming temperature range after being deposited and cooled, and the purpose of the invention can be realized only by performing impact forging in the temperature range.
The pulse width of the second short pulse laser is set to 10ns according to the thickness of the cladding layer of 0.43mm, and the area S of the cladding area is 3mm multiplied by 3mm/S of the spot diameter of the first laser and 9mm multiplied by the moving speed2Determining the shape of the spot of the second short pulse laser to be a square spot with the size of 3 multiplied by 3mm2And determining the forging frequency to be 20Hz, ensuring that the material in the most appropriate forging temperature range is fully forged, and determining the moving speed of the second laser beam to be 3mm/s by matching the moving speed of the first laser beam.
A second short pulse laser (5) is used for impacting to generate plasma (6), and the plasma penetrates through a certain deposited layer depth (1) in a shock wave form, so that air holes, shrinkage porosity and unfused defects (8) are closed under the action of the mechanical effect of the shock wave, and the purpose of equivalent forging is achieved;
● cooperation between two laser parameters
The powder feeder controls the thickness and the area of a deposition area and influences the moving speed of the first continuous laser beam. When the deposition forming meets the section with the area increased/reduced, the initial powder feeding amount is increased/reduced by 10.2g/min, the initial powder feeding amount exceeds/does not reach the processing amount under the initial parameters of the first continuous laser beam (the initial parameter processing amount is 3mm/s of continuous laser moving speed, and the thickness of the deposition layer is 0.42mm), and the initial moving speed of the first continuous laser beam is reduced/increased by 3 mm/s.
The second short pulse laser forging parameter is determined by the initial value of the first continuous laser, and when the moving speed of the first continuous laser is changed, the second short pulse laser parameter is changed. In the present embodiment, if the material area of the weld zone is larger than the initial value S, 9mm2If the thickness exceeds the initial value of 0.42mm, the initial value of the second short pulse laser cannot satisfy the requirement of sufficient treatment of the cladding layer material, and the quality of the beam is checkedThe measuring instrument reduces the moving speed of the first continuous laser beam at the moment, reduces the area of the material in a deposition area, forms closed-loop control, and ensures the full forging of the material, and vice versa.
The second short pulse laser can carry out impact forging on the front surface or the side surface of the cladding layer at any angle or position within 15-165 degrees, has the advantages of accurate, controllable and adjustable parameters such as laser pulse energy, laser pulse width, repetition frequency, spot size and shape and the like, and can treat cladding formed parts with different structural characteristics.
The invention solves the difference of cooling rate and forging temperature interval of different materials by adjusting the laser impact forging frequency and the pulse power density, so that the cladding layer can complete impact strengthening under higher plasticity and low deformation resistance, and the laser cladding speed and the powder feeding parameter can be regulated and controlled by the laser impact forging frequency and the pressure parameter. The laser impact forging makes the grain of the cladding layer obviously refined, and the strength and the fatigue life of different materials after cladding forming can be improved by several times to dozens of times. The stability of the process parameters ensures that the grain size of the layer by layer is controllable, thereby realizing the uniformity of the grain size of the whole cladding layer. Internal defects such as air holes and the like of a cladding layer and thermal stress are eliminated, the internal quality and the comprehensive mechanical property of the metal part are improved, and the problems of macroscopic deformation and cracking are effectively controlled.
Claims (3)
1. The double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the double-laser-beam deposition forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing refers to a process of manufacturing metal parts by simultaneously and mutually cooperating two laser beams with different functions; the first beam of continuous laser deposits metal powder by utilizing thermal effect, meanwhile, the second beam of short pulse laser directly acts on the surface of the deposited metal within the forging temperature range, the metal surface layer absorbs the energy of the laser beam and then is gasified and ionized to form shock wave, and the second beam of short pulse laser shock wave mechanical effect is utilized to impact and forge the deposited layer within the forging temperature range;
the coaxial powder feeding amount is monitored and controlled by a powder feeder, the thickness and the area of a deposition area are determined by the coaxial powder feeding amount, and the moving speed of a first continuous laser beam and the forging parameters of a second short pulse laser beam are influenced; if the powder feeding amount exceeds/does not reach the processing amount of the first continuous laser beam, the moving speed of the first continuous laser beam is reduced/increased to form coupling control;
the second short pulse laser forging parameters are monitored and controlled by a light beam quality detection instrument or device, and the pulse width of the pulse laser is determined by the material thickness of a cladding area, so that the whole cladding layer deep material is fully and thoroughly forged; determining the pulse laser forging frequency and the size of a light spot according to the material area of a deposition area, ensuring that the laser impact forging moving speed is matched with the laser deposition speed, and ensuring that the temperature of the forging area is always in the temperature range which is easiest to plastically deform; if the area/thickness of the material in the deposition area exceeds the processing limit of the second short pulse laser, the moving speed of the first continuous laser beam is reduced to form closed-loop control, and vice versa;
the dual laser beams simultaneously and cooperatively stack the deposited area materials layer by layer to form a workpiece, so that the processing efficiency is improved by 1-2 times; by adjusting the laser impact forging frequency and the pulse power density, the difference of the cooling rate and the forging temperature interval of different materials is solved, so that the cladding layer can complete impact reinforcement under higher plasticity and low deformation resistance, and the laser cladding speed and the powder feeding parameter can be regulated and controlled by the laser impact forging frequency and the pressure parameter; the laser impact forging leads the grain of the cladding layer to be obviously refined, and the strength and the fatigue life of different materials after cladding forming can be improved by several times to dozens of times; the stability of the process parameters ensures that the grain size of the layer by layer is controllable, thereby realizing the uniformity of the grain size of the whole cladding layer; internal defects such as air holes and the like of a cladding layer and thermal stress are eliminated, the internal quality and the comprehensive mechanical property of the metal part are improved, and the problems of macroscopic deformation and cracking are effectively controlled.
2. The dual-laser-beam cladding forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein a first continuous-laser-beam forging temperature field model and an online detection and control method are established according to forging temperature characteristics of different cladding metal materials; through tests of detecting the grain size, residual stress distribution, microstructure and the like of the forging cladding layer, a forging temperature field model is perfected, so that the material is in an optimal metal plastic forming temperature range (forging temperature) after being deposited and cooled, and impact forging is carried out by a second short pulse laser to form closed-loop control.
3. The dual-laser-beam cladding forming impact forging composite additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein parameters of the dual-laser-beam cladding forming manufacturing process are detected and controlled on line, the second short pulse laser can carry out impact forging on the cladding layer at any angle or position within 15-165 degrees of the front surface or the side surface, parameters such as laser pulse energy, laser pulse width, repetition frequency, spot size and shape are precisely controllable and adjustable, and cladding forming parts with different structural characteristics can be processed.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112893871A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-04 | 贵州大学 | Method for continuously manufacturing aluminum-magnesium alloy 3D printing component |
| CN112946069A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-11 | 广东工业大学 | Method for detecting ultrasonic attenuation characteristics of marine steel member under double-beam laser effect |
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2018
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112946069A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-11 | 广东工业大学 | Method for detecting ultrasonic attenuation characteristics of marine steel member under double-beam laser effect |
| CN112893871A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-06-04 | 贵州大学 | Method for continuously manufacturing aluminum-magnesium alloy 3D printing component |
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