CN111089862B - Standard turbidity calibration device and calibration method for extreme environment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a standard turbidity calibration device and a calibration method thereof, which can be used in extreme environments. The calibration device comprises a temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell, a frosted metal plate, a light source module, an optical signal transmission module and an optical signal receiving and processing module. The temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell comprises a cavity, an entrance port and an exit port. The light source module comprises a power supply, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a laser controller and a laser. The optical signal transmission module includes an optical attenuator and a collimator. The laser emitted by the light source module is incident on the frosted metal plate in the cavity through the incidence port after passing through the optical signal transmission module, is emitted from the emergent port after being scattered by the frosted metal plate, and is received and processed by the optical signal receiving and processing module. The invention adopts the frosted metal plate to replace the traditional Fulmaline standard turbidity solution, and calibrates the turbidity measuring device under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition, and has the advantages of easy storage, strong anti-interference performance, strong environmental adaptability, simple operation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of particle size measurement, in particular to a standard turbidity calibration device and a calibration method thereof, which can be used in extreme environments.
Background
Turbidity is an optical effect, and the degree to which light is blocked as it passes through the aqueous layer indicates the ability of the aqueous layer to scatter and absorb light. It is related not only to the content of suspended matter but also to the composition of impurities in the water, the particle size, shape and the reflective properties of its surface. The control of turbidity is an important content of industrial water treatment and is also an important water quality index, which is closely related to our daily life.
Turbidity can be measured with a nephelometer. The nephelometer emits light through a length of the sample and detects how much light is scattered by the particles in the water from a direction 90 ° to the incident light. This scattered light measurement method is called a scattering method. The standard turbidity solution of the fulmatide is generally used for calibrating the turbidimeter, but the standard turbidity solution of the fulmatide can be agglomerated under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, and the turbidimeter cannot measure the turbidimeter.
Turbidity measurement technology at normal temperature and pressure is mature, but in extreme environments (inside oil fields and deep sea), due to the high-temperature and high-pressure external environment, a turbidity measurement system needs to be temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant, so that the turbidity measurement technology in the extreme environments is continuously researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a standard turbidity calibration device and a calibration method thereof, which can be used for extreme environments, can solve the defects existing in the prior art, can be used for simulating turbidity measurement in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, can be compared with and refer to the calibration of a Fulmalizine standard turbidity solution, and has the characteristics of high integration level, strong environmental adaptability, strong anti-interference capability, simplicity, convenience, safety and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the standard turbidity calibration device comprises a temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell, a frosted metal plate arranged in the temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell, and a light source module, an optical signal transmission module and an optical signal receiving and processing module which are positioned outside the temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell.
The temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell comprises a cavity and an entrance port and an exit port which are sequentially arranged on the front end face of the cavity; the light source module comprises a power supply, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a laser controller and a laser; the optical signal transmission module includes an optical attenuator and a collimator.
The output end of the power supply is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of the laser controller, the output end of the laser controller is connected with the input end of the laser, the output end of the laser is connected with the input end of the optical attenuator, and the output end of the optical attenuator is connected with the input end of the collimator.
The laser emitted by the light source module is incident on the frosted metal plate in the cavity through the incidence port after passing through the optical signal transmission module, is emitted from the emergent port after being scattered by the frosted metal plate, and is received and processed by the optical signal receiving and processing module.
Further, the cavity comprises a metal layer and a heat insulation layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the metal layer is made of alloy steel.
Furthermore, the entrance port and the exit port adopt temperature-resistant pressure-resistant glass windows.
Further, the optical signal receiving and processing module comprises a photoelectric detector, a signal processing circuit connected with the output end of the photoelectric detector and a display screen connected with the output end of the signal processing circuit.
Further, the photodetector adopts a single photon counting module manufactured by Perkinelmer company, and the model of the single photon counting module is SPCM-AQRH-15.
Furthermore, the signal processing circuit adopts a Cyclone IV series chip of ALTERA company, and the chip model is EP4CE6F17C8.
The invention also relates to a calibration method of the standard turbidity calibration device applicable to the extreme environment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And building the standard turbidity calibration device.
(2) Setting the inside of a cavity as a normal temperature and pressure environment, placing a sample cell containing a Fulmatino standard turbidity solution at the position of a frosted metal plate in the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by a light source module to an entrance port through an optical signal transmission module, entering the sample cell containing the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution in the cavity through the entrance port, emitting scattered light scattered by the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution through an exit port, receiving and processing the scattered light by an optical signal receiving and processing module, obtaining the scattered light intensity corresponding to the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution under the current turbidity, obtaining the corresponding relation between the turbidity and the scattered light intensity of the Fulmatino standard solution in different turbidity ranges under the normal temperature and pressure environment, and writing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity and the turbidity into an optical signal receiving and processing module, thereby completing the calibration of a turbidity measuring device under the normal temperature and pressure.
The frosted metal plates with different roughness under the normal temperature and normal pressure can be calibrated through the calibrated turbidity measuring device under the normal temperature and normal pressure.
(3) Setting the inside of the cavity as normal temperature and normal pressure environment, respectively placing the frosted metal plates with different roughness into the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by the light source module to the entrance through the light signal transmission module, entering the frosted metal plate in the cavity through the entrance, emitting scattered light scattered by the frosted metal plate through the exit, receiving and processing the scattered light by the light signal receiving and processing module, and obtaining the scattered light intensity corresponding to the frosted metal plate with the current roughness, thereby obtaining the corresponding relation between the frosted metal plate with different roughness and the scattered light intensity under the normal temperature and normal pressure environment. Therefore, the frosted metal plates with different roughness can be equivalent to Fulmahydrazine standard solutions with different turbidity values, and the standard solutions are used for calibrating a turbidity measuring device under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
(4) Setting the inside of a cavity as a high-temperature high-pressure environment, respectively placing frosted metal plates with different roughness equivalent to Fulmaline standard solutions with different turbidity values in the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by a light source module to an incidence port through a light signal transmission module, enabling the laser to be incident on the frosted metal plates in the cavity through the incidence port, enabling scattered light scattered by the frosted metal plates to be emitted out of an emission port, receiving and processing the scattered light by a light signal receiving and processing module, obtaining the scattered light intensity corresponding to the frosted metal plates under the current equivalent turbidity value, accordingly obtaining the corresponding relation between turbidity and the scattered light intensity under the high-temperature high-pressure environment, and writing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity and the turbidity into a light signal receiving and processing module, thereby completing the calibration of the turbidity measuring device under the high-temperature high-pressure condition.
Further, the laser emitted by the light source module is transmitted to the entrance port through the optical signal transmission module, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the power supply supplies power to the voltage stabilizing circuit; the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for ensuring that the laser controller stably outputs required voltage; the laser controller is used for controlling the output power and the temperature of the laser to ensure that the laser stably outputs the required laser power; the laser emits a laser signal; the optical attenuator receives the laser signal emitted by the laser, attenuates the laser signal to proper power, and then outputs the laser signal in parallel through the collimator, so that the laser signal enters the cavity from the entrance opening.
Further, the "received and processed by the optical signal receiving and processing module" specifically includes the following steps: the photoelectric detector receives scattered light scattered by the standard turbidity solution of the frosted metal plate or the Fulmatine, converts the intensity of an optical signal into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal, and the signal processing circuit analyzes and calculates the received electric signal.
According to the technical scheme, the invention can be used for simulating turbidity measurement in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, can be compared with and referenced with the calibration of the Fulmaline standard turbidity solution, and has the characteristics of high integration level, strong environmental adaptability, strong anti-interference capability, simplicity, convenience, safety and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a calibration device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the temperature and pressure resistant housing of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a light source module according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an optical signal transmission module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the temperature and pressure resistant housing and the frosted metal plate of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of an optical signal receiving and processing module in the present invention.
Wherein:
10. The device comprises a temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell, 11, a metal layer, 12, a heat insulation layer, 20, a light source module, 21, a power supply, 22, a voltage stabilizing circuit, 23, a laser controller, 24, a laser, 30, an optical signal transmission module, 31, an optical attenuator, 32, a collimator, 40, a frosted metal plate, 50, an optical signal receiving and processing module, 51, a photoelectric detector, 52, a signal processing circuit, 53, a display screen, 60, an entrance port, 70 and an exit port.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
The standard turbidity calibration device for extreme environment shown in fig. 1 comprises a temperature and pressure resistant housing 10, a frosted metal plate 40 arranged in the temperature and pressure resistant housing 10, and a light source module 20, an optical signal transmission module 30 and an optical signal receiving and processing module 50 which are positioned outside the temperature and pressure resistant housing 10. The frosted metal plate 40 is a metal plate having a certain roughness, and the scattering intensity of the incident light is changed by controlling the roughness of the surface of the frosted metal plate during the manufacturing process of the metal plate. The temperature and pressure resistant housing 10 is used for placing the frosted metal plate 40 inside, wherein the cavity is in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and the outside is not in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment. The invention is suitable for turbidity measurement in high temperature and high pressure environment, and has the characteristics of simple operation, wide applicability and the like. The frosted metal plate is adopted to calibrate the turbidity measuring device in the high-temperature and high-pressure environment, so that the device is convenient to use, easy to store, free from repeatedly preparing standard turbidity solution and high in stability.
As shown in fig. 2, the temperature and pressure resistant housing 10 includes a cavity, and an entrance port 60 and an exit port 70 sequentially provided at a front end surface of the cavity. The entrance port 60 and the exit port 70 are temperature-resistant and pressure-resistant glass windows. The entrance 60 and exit 70 are made of temperature and pressure resistant glass materials, so that the whole device can be ensured to normally operate under the extreme conditions of high temperature and high pressure.
As shown in fig. 3, the light source module 20 includes a power supply 21, a voltage stabilizing circuit 22, a laser controller 23, and a laser 24. The output end of the power supply 21 is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit 22 is connected with the input end of the laser controller 23, and the output end of the laser controller 23 is connected with the input end of the laser 24. The input end of the power supply 21 is connected with the mains supply, and the output end provides stable voltage for the laser controller 23. And a laser controller 23 for controlling the power of the laser light output from the laser 24 and the voltage and temperature of the entire light source module. The laser controller 23 can well control the power of the laser, and provide a stable light source for experiments.
As shown in fig. 4, the optical signal transmission module 30 includes an optical attenuator 31 and a collimator 32. The optical attenuator 31 receives the optical signal output from the laser 24, attenuates the optical signal to an appropriate power, and outputs the optical signal in parallel through the collimator 32. The input of the optical attenuator 31 is connected to the output of the laser 24 and the output of the optical attenuator 31 is connected to the input of the collimator. The output end of the light attenuator 31 is directed to a collimator 32, and the collimator 32 enables incident light to be emitted in parallel.
The laser emitted from the light source module 20 is incident on the frosted metal plate 40 in the cavity through the light signal transmission module 30 and then enters the frosted metal plate 40 in the cavity through the incident port 60, and is emitted from the emergent port 70 after being scattered by the frosted metal plate 40, and is received and processed by the light signal receiving and processing module. The collimator 32 emits incident light toward the frosted metal plate 40, the surface of the frosted metal plate 40 scatters the incident light, and the photodetector 51 receives the scattered light scattered from the surface of the frosted metal plate 40 from the side, and the angle between the incident light and the scattered light is 90 degrees. The position of the photodetector 51 is fixed on one side of the frosted metal plate 40, and the photodetector 51 converts the detected light signal into the number of photons and outputs a group of randomly distributed pulse sequences.
As shown in fig. 5, the cavity comprises a metal layer 11 and a heat insulation layer 12 which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the metal layer 11 is made of alloy steel. When the calibration device works, the inside of the cavity is in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and the metal layer 11 is made of alloy steel materials and is used as the outer layer of the cavity, so that the whole device can be ensured to normally operate under the extreme conditions of high temperature and high pressure. The heat insulating layer 12 is made of heat insulating material and serves as an inner layer of the cavity, so that the temperature inside the cavity of the whole device can be reduced.
As shown in fig. 6, the optical signal receiving and processing module 50 includes a photodetector 51, a signal processing circuit 52 connected to an output terminal of the photodetector 51, and a display screen 53 connected to an output terminal of the signal processing circuit 52. The photodetector 51 is configured to receive the scattered light from the frosted metal plate 40, convert the intensity of the received optical signal into an electrical signal, and output the electrical signal to the signal processing circuit 52. The signal processing circuit 52 is configured to perform inversion calculation on the received electrical signal to obtain a corresponding turbidity value, and display the turbidity value on the display screen 53. The photodetector 51 has the advantages of high precision and quick response, and is suitable for quick measurement. The signal processing circuit 52 adopts an FPGA chip to perform data processing, and has the advantages of high precision, high accuracy, easy operation and the like.
Further, the photodetector 51 employs a single photon counting module manufactured by PerkinElmer corporation, which is of the type SPCM-AQRH-15. Single photons in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 1060 nm can be detected.
Further, the signal processing circuit 52 adopts a Cyclone IV chip of ALTERA company, and the chip model is EP4CE6F17C8. The chip integrates a high-precision analog-to-digital conversion module, is connected with the output end of the photoelectric detector through the BNC interface, converts and calculates the received photon pulse signals, and can calculate the corresponding light intensity. And calculating the corresponding turbidity value by combining the calculated intensity of scattered light with the 90 DEG Mie scattering theory.
The invention also relates to a calibration method of the standard turbidity calibration device applicable to the extreme environment, which comprises the following steps:
(1) And building the standard turbidity calibration device.
(2) Setting the inside of a cavity as a normal temperature and pressure environment, placing a sample cell containing a Fulmatino standard turbidity solution at the position of a frosted metal plate in the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by a light source module to an entrance port through an optical signal transmission module, entering the sample cell containing the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution in the cavity through the entrance port, emitting scattered light scattered by the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution through an exit port, receiving and processing the scattered light by an optical signal receiving and processing module, and obtaining the scattered light intensity corresponding to the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution under the current turbidity, thereby obtaining the corresponding relation between the turbidity and the scattered light intensity of the Fulmatino standard solution in different turbidity ranges under the normal temperature and pressure environment, and writing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity and the turbidity into an optical signal receiving and processing module, thus calibrating the turbidity measuring device under the normal temperature and pressure.
The frosted metal plates with different roughness under the normal temperature and normal pressure can be calibrated through the calibrated turbidity measuring device under the normal temperature and normal pressure.
(3) Setting the inside of the cavity as normal temperature and normal pressure environment, respectively placing the frosted metal plates with different roughness into the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by the light source module to the entrance through the light signal transmission module, entering the frosted metal plate in the cavity through the entrance, emitting scattered light scattered by the frosted metal plate through the exit, receiving and processing the scattered light by the light signal receiving and processing module, and obtaining the scattered light intensity corresponding to the frosted metal plate with the current roughness, thereby obtaining the corresponding relation between the frosted metal plate with different roughness and the scattered light intensity under the normal temperature and normal pressure environment. Therefore, the frosted metal plates with different roughness can be equivalent to Fulmahydrazine standard solutions with different turbidity values, and the standard solutions are used for calibrating a turbidity measuring device under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
(4) Setting the inside of a cavity as a high-temperature high-pressure environment, respectively placing frosted metal plates with different roughness equivalent to Fulmaline standard solutions with different turbidity values in the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by a light source module to an incidence port through a light signal transmission module, enabling the laser to be incident on the frosted metal plates in the cavity through the incidence port, enabling scattered light scattered by the frosted metal plates to be emitted out of an emission port, receiving and processing the scattered light by a light signal receiving and processing module, obtaining the scattered light intensity corresponding to the frosted metal plates under the current equivalent turbidity value, obtaining the corresponding relation between turbidity and the scattered light intensity under the high-temperature high-pressure environment, and writing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity and the turbidity into the light signal receiving and processing module, so that a turbidity measuring device under the high-temperature high-pressure condition can be calibrated.
Further, the laser emitted by the light source module is transmitted to the entrance port through the optical signal transmission module, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the power supply supplies power to the voltage stabilizing circuit; the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for ensuring that the laser controller stably outputs required voltage; the laser controller is used for controlling the output power and the temperature of the laser to ensure that the laser stably outputs the required laser power; the laser emits a laser signal; the optical attenuator receives the laser signal emitted by the laser, attenuates the laser signal to proper power, and then outputs the laser signal in parallel through the collimator, so that the laser signal enters the cavity from the entrance opening.
Further, the "received and processed by the optical signal receiving and processing module" specifically includes the following steps: the photoelectric detector receives scattered light scattered by the standard turbidity solution of the frosted metal plate or the Fulmatine, converts the intensity of an optical signal into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal, and the signal processing circuit analyzes and calculates the received electric signal.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A standard turbidity calibration device usable in extreme environments, characterized by: the standard turbidity calibration device comprises a temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell, a frosted metal plate arranged in the temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell, a light source module, an optical signal transmission module and an optical signal receiving and processing module, wherein the light source module, the optical signal transmission module and the optical signal receiving and processing module are positioned outside the temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell;
The temperature-resistant pressure-resistant shell comprises a cavity and an entrance port and an exit port which are sequentially arranged on the front end face of the cavity; the light source module comprises a power supply, a voltage stabilizing circuit, a laser controller and a laser; the optical signal transmission module comprises an optical attenuator and a collimator;
The output end of the power supply is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit, the output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is connected with the input end of the laser controller, the output end of the laser controller is connected with the input end of the laser, the output end of the laser is connected with the input end of the optical attenuator, and the output end of the optical attenuator is connected with the input end of the collimator;
The laser emitted by the light source module is incident on the frosted metal plate in the cavity through the incidence port after passing through the optical signal transmission module, is emitted from the emergent port after being scattered by the frosted metal plate, and is received and processed by the optical signal receiving and processing module.
2. A standard turbidity calibration device usable in extreme environments according to claim 1, wherein: the cavity comprises a metal layer and a heat insulation layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside; the metal layer is made of alloy steel.
3. A standard turbidity calibration device usable in extreme environments according to claim 1, wherein: the entrance port and the exit port adopt temperature-resistant pressure-resistant glass windows.
4. A standard turbidity calibration device usable in extreme environments according to claim 1, wherein: the optical signal receiving and processing module comprises a photoelectric detector, a signal processing circuit connected with the output end of the photoelectric detector and a display screen connected with the output end of the signal processing circuit.
5. A standard turbidity calibration device usable in extreme environments according to claim 4, wherein: the photodetector adopts a single photon counting module manufactured by Perkinelmer company, and the model of the single photon counting module is SPCM-AQRH-15.
6. A standard turbidity calibration device usable in extreme environments according to claim 4, wherein: the signal processing circuit adopts a Cyclone IV series chip of ALTERA company, and the chip model is EP4CE6F17C8.
7. The calibration method of the standard turbidity calibration device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Building the standard turbidity calibration device;
(2) Setting the inside of a cavity as a normal temperature and pressure environment, placing a sample cell containing a Fulmatino standard turbidity solution at the position of a frosted metal plate in the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by a light source module to an entrance port through an optical signal transmission module, entering the sample cell containing the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution in the cavity through the entrance port, emitting scattered light scattered by the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution through an exit port, receiving and processing the scattered light by an optical signal receiving and processing module, obtaining the scattered light intensity corresponding to the Fulmatino standard turbidity solution under the current turbidity, thus obtaining the corresponding relation between the turbidity and the scattered light intensity of the Fulmatino standard solution in different turbidity ranges under the normal temperature and pressure environment, and writing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity and the turbidity into an optical signal receiving and processing module, thereby completing the calibration of a turbidity measuring device under the normal temperature and pressure condition; the frosted metal plates with different roughness under the normal temperature and normal pressure can be calibrated through the calibrated turbidity measuring device under the normal temperature and normal pressure;
(3) Setting the inside of a cavity as a normal temperature and pressure environment, respectively placing the frosted metal plates with different roughness into the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by a light source module to an entrance port through a light signal transmission module, enabling the laser to be incident on the frosted metal plates in the cavity through the entrance port, enabling scattered light scattered by the frosted metal plates to be emitted out from an exit port, receiving and processing the scattered light by a light signal receiving and processing module, and obtaining scattered light intensity corresponding to the frosted metal plates with the current roughness, thereby obtaining the corresponding relation between the frosted metal plates with different roughness and the scattered light intensity under the normal temperature and pressure environment, and further enabling the frosted metal plates with different roughness to be equivalent to Fulmahydrazine standard solutions with different turbidity values for turbidity measuring devices under high temperature and high pressure calibration conditions;
(4) Setting the inside of a cavity as a high-temperature high-pressure environment, respectively placing frosted metal plates with different roughness equivalent to Fulmaline standard solutions with different turbidity values in the cavity, transmitting laser emitted by a light source module to an incidence port through a light signal transmission module, enabling the laser to be incident on the frosted metal plates in the cavity through the incidence port, enabling scattered light scattered by the frosted metal plates to be emitted out of an emission port, receiving and processing the scattered light by a light signal receiving and processing module, obtaining the scattered light intensity corresponding to the frosted metal plates under the current equivalent turbidity value, accordingly obtaining the corresponding relation between turbidity and the scattered light intensity under the high-temperature high-pressure environment, and writing the corresponding relation between the scattered light intensity and the turbidity into a light signal receiving and processing module, thereby completing the calibration of the turbidity measuring device under the high-temperature high-pressure condition.
8. The calibration method of the standard turbidity calibration device according to claim 7, wherein: the laser emitted by the light source module is transmitted to the entrance port through the optical signal transmission module, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the power supply supplies power to the voltage stabilizing circuit; the voltage stabilizing circuit is used for ensuring that the laser controller stably outputs required voltage; the laser controller is used for controlling the output power and the temperature of the laser to ensure that the laser stably outputs the required laser power; the laser emits a laser signal; the optical attenuator receives the laser signal emitted by the laser, attenuates the laser signal to proper power, and then outputs the laser signal in parallel through the collimator, so that the laser signal enters the cavity from the entrance opening.
9. The calibration method of the standard turbidity calibration device according to claim 7, wherein: the 'received and processed by the optical signal receiving and processing module' specifically comprises the following steps:
The photoelectric detector receives scattered light scattered by the standard turbidity solution of the frosted metal plate or the Fulmatine, converts the intensity of an optical signal into an electric signal and outputs the electric signal, and the signal processing circuit analyzes and calculates the received electric signal.
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