CN111089483A - Electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor - Google Patents
Electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111089483A CN111089483A CN201911346658.7A CN201911346658A CN111089483A CN 111089483 A CN111089483 A CN 111089483A CN 201911346658 A CN201911346658 A CN 201911346658A CN 111089483 A CN111089483 A CN 111089483A
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- reaction chamber
- electrode
- melt
- plasma melting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
- F27B2014/0818—Discharging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/0837—Cooling arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/0843—Lining or casing
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor, which comprises a reaction chamber, a bottom, a side wall, a cover, a feeder and a melt leading-out device, wherein rod-shaped electrodes positioned in the reactor are arranged according to an inclined angle of 5-7 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the reaction chamber, are distributed on the same distance from the longitudinal axis and are distributed at equal angles with each other, and the uniform conical loss of electrode terminals in the melt is ensured. The polygonal reaction chamber is internally provided with a plurality of inclined electrodes, the space of the reaction chamber is enlarged, the plurality of electrodes uniformly heat and melt solid waste particles in the reaction chamber, the output is improved, in addition, the solution and the slag outlet are subjected to complementary heating, a certain amount of solution flow can be continuously or periodically poured out for further processing, and rock wool and various refractory materials can be manufactured by using the rock wool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrothermal melting, can be used for melting ore materials and carrying out chemical reaction in a condensed state, and is particularly used for smelting fly ash, slag, chemical engineering and other organic or inorganic waste materials of a garbage power plant to produce heat-insulating materials, in particular to an electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor.
Background
The existing plasma melting furnace reactor has the following defects:
1. the furnace body is smaller, the energy consumption is large, only two or three hundred jin of solid waste particles can be melted at one time, and the working efficiency is low.
2. There is no heating function, so the solution and tap hole cannot be heated up. Therefore, the stability and certain fluidity of the solution flowing out can not be ensured, and the quality of the fibrous heat-insulating material can not be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the electrode inclined type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor which has simple structure, low energy consumption and high yield, and can continuously perform supplementary heating on solution and a slag hole so as to obtain high-quality fibrous materials.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: the electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor comprises a reaction chamber, a feeding device and a melt leading-out device, wherein the reaction chamber is provided with a bottom, a side wall and a cover, is polygonal, is triangular, hexagonal or 6+ n-sided, is internally provided with rod-shaped electrodes with the same number as the sides of the reaction chamber, is communicated and fixed with the cover through a seat frame, and is arranged on the upper surface of the cover; the outside of the reaction chamber is surrounded by closed magnetic yoke electromagnets which are provided with magnetic pole joints which are the same as the number of the electrodes and are symmetrically distributed, series coils are arranged on the magnetic yoke electromagnets, a transverse magnetic field can be generated after the current is supplied, one end of each coil is connected with the corresponding electrode, the other end of each coil is connected with a power supply, rod-shaped electrodes positioned in the reactor are arranged at an inclined angle of 5-7 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the reaction chamber and are distributed at the same distance from the longitudinal axis and are distributed at equal angles with each other, and the uniform conical loss of the electrode terminals in the molten liquid is ensured; the power supply of the three-phase alternating current power supply is a three-phase adjustable silicon controlled rectifier power supply and works in a power-on state.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the reaction chamber is provided with a rod-shaped auxiliary electrode which is arranged in the center of the reaction chamber along the longitudinal axis and can move up and down, so that the auxiliary electrode can be lifted up or down, and when the auxiliary electrode is lowered down, the hollow space on the device for leading out the molten liquid is closed, and the molten liquid is heated additionally.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the device for leading out the melt is arranged on the central position of the bottom of the reaction chamber and is composed of a melt leading-out port arranged on a seat frame; the melt leading-out port is provided with a water-cooled shell and is fixed by a pressing plate; the current in the circuit formed by the additional power supply and the flow guide opening can be regulated and controlled by changing the current flowing in the melt between the additional rod-shaped electrode and the melt flow guide opening, so that the heating temperature of the flow guide opening and the melt flow flowing out of the flow guide opening can be regulated and controlled. Therefore, the stable fluidity of the melt flow from the diversion port can be adjusted by the aid of an additional direct-current power supply.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the seat frame is made of electrode graphite, and the flow guide port is made of siliconized compact graphite. In addition, the seat frame and the diversion opening are coated with a layer of zirconium dioxide containing refractory and refractory components.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the bottom of the reaction chamber is provided with a lining built by chrome-magnesium refractory bricks, and the lining inclines from the inner wall of the reactor to the center of the bottom.
The polygonal reaction chamber is internally provided with a plurality of inclined electrodes, the space of the reaction chamber is enlarged, the plurality of electrodes uniformly heat and melt solid waste particles in the reaction chamber, the output is improved, in addition, the solution and the slag outlet are subjected to complementary heating, a certain amount of solution flow can be continuously or periodically poured out for further processing, and rock wool and various heat insulating materials can be manufactured by utilizing the rock wool.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention.
1. Reaction chamber, 2, bottom, 3, side wall, 4, cover, 5, feeder, 6, melt extraction equipment, 7, rod-shaped electrode, 8, magnet yoke electromagnet, 9, magnetic pole connector, 10, series coil, 11, power supply, 12, auxiliary electrode, 13, melt extraction outlet, 14, water-cooled shell, 15, pressing plate, 16, seat frame, 17 and lining.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following description in conjunction with the drawings.
FIGS. 1-2 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is an electrode-inclined type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor, comprising a reaction chamber having a bottom, a side wall and a lid, a batch charger and a melt extraction device, wherein the reaction chamber is polygonal, the polygonal shape is triangular, hexagonal or 6+ n-sided, and the inside of the reaction chamber is provided with rod-shaped electrodes having the same number of sides as that of the reaction chamber, the rod-shaped electrodes are communicated and fixed with the lid through a seat frame, and the seat frame is installed on the upper surface of the lid; the outside of the reaction chamber is surrounded by closed magnetic yoke electromagnets which are provided with magnetic pole joints which are the same as the number of the electrodes and are symmetrically distributed, series coils are arranged on the magnetic yoke electromagnets, a transverse magnetic field can be generated after the current is supplied, one end of each coil is connected with the corresponding electrode, the other end of each coil is connected with a power supply, rod-shaped electrodes positioned in the reactor are arranged at an inclined angle of 5-7 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the reaction chamber and are distributed at the same distance from the longitudinal axis and are distributed at equal angles with each other, and the uniform conical loss of the electrode terminals in the molten liquid is ensured; the power supply of the three-phase alternating current power supply is a three-phase adjustable silicon controlled rectifier power supply and works in a power-on state.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the reaction chamber is provided with a rod-shaped auxiliary electrode which is arranged in the center of the reaction chamber along the longitudinal axis and can move up and down, so that the auxiliary electrode can be lifted up or down, and when the auxiliary electrode is lowered down, the hollow space on the device for leading out the molten liquid is closed, and the molten liquid is heated additionally.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the device for leading out the melt is arranged on the central position of the bottom of the reaction chamber and is composed of a melt leading-out port arranged on a seat frame; the melt leading-out port is provided with a water-cooled shell and is fixed by a pressing plate; the current in the circuit formed by the additional power supply and the flow guide opening can be regulated and controlled by changing the current flowing in the melt between the additional rod-shaped electrode and the melt flow guide opening, so that the heating temperature of the flow guide opening and the melt flow flowing out of the flow guide opening can be regulated and controlled. Therefore, the stable fluidity of the melt flow from the diversion port can be adjusted by the aid of an additional direct-current power supply.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the seat frame is made of electrode graphite, and the flow guide port is made of siliconized compact graphite. In addition, the seat frame and the diversion opening are coated with a layer of zirconium dioxide containing refractory and refractory components.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the upper part of the bottom of the reaction chamber is provided with a lining built by chrome-magnesium refractory bricks, and the lining inclines from the inner wall of the reactor to the center of the bottom.
The electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor is characterized in that: the side wall of the reaction chamber is made of non-magnetic materials or stainless steel plates, and the outer wall of the reaction chamber is provided with an insulated water cooling shell; regulating and controlling a valve on the main water collecting tank, and respectively injecting cooling water from the lower part by a hose; the bottom and the cover of the reaction chamber are respectively provided with two water inlet pipes and a water outlet pipe.
The work of the invention is carried out according to the following steps:
the material to be crushed, namely powder or granular material, is put into the reaction chamber through a pipeline of the feeding port. First a planar layer of small particles of a conductive material in the form of a condensate is created between the surface layers of the material particles in the central part of the reaction chamber. For example, graphite powder is used which can be used to connect 3 or 6 rod-shaped electrodes. Then three controllable silicon power supplies which can be regulated are switched on, and then current is conducted to penetrate through the graphite layer to heat the graphite layer. And transferring the heat generated by the current to the material body connected with the graphite layer, and finally forming a working molten pool in the reaction chamber.
In order to remove the melt from the reaction chamber, the additional fixed rod-shaped electrode is lifted, the hole on the diversion opening is opened, and when the fluidity of the solution is enough to ensure that the solution flowing out of the diversion opening can flow freely, the additional fixed rod-shaped electrode is stopped at a slightly lifted position in the solution in the reaction chamber. If the melt flow can not freely flow out of the flow guide opening, the additional fixed rod-shaped electrode is put down to seal the central hole of the flow guide opening. The molten pool is continuously heated by the main power supply.
If the molten liquid flow from the diversion opening changes diameter or is in an intermittent state in the process of pouring the solution from the reaction chamber, an additional fixed power supply is started, and current passes through a circuit formed by the additional fixed electrode, the solution and the diversion opening to supplement and heat the solution and the diversion opening. Therefore, the temperature, fluidity and viscosity of the melt flow flowing out of the guide holes installed in the solution pouring device of the reaction chamber are increased.
Experimental work shows that; the molten flow can only flow out stably when the normal temperature of the molten flow is 1400-1500 degrees, and a pyrometer and a thermocouple are arranged on a water cooling jacket seat frame provided with a flow guide port to determine the temperature of the molten flow; when the outflow of the molten flow reaches a steady state, the auxiliary power supply should be turned off; the no-load voltage is 140 volts and the current value can be adjusted from zero to 300 amps. The average time for collecting the solution in the reaction chamber is 10 to 15 minutes, the diameter of the diversion opening is 8 to 13 millimeters, and the time for pouring the solution is 5 to 15 minutes; 600 to 900 kg of melt can be tapped each time.
Claims (7)
1. Electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor, including a reaction chamber, it is equipped with bottom, lateral wall and lid, feeder and draws the melt equipment, its characterized in that: the reaction chamber is polygonal, the over-deformation is triangular, hexagonal or 6+ n-sided, the inside of the reaction chamber is provided with rod-shaped electrodes with the same number as the sides of the reaction chamber, the rod-shaped electrodes are communicated and fixed with the cover through a seat frame, and the seat frame is arranged on the upper surface of the cover; the outside of the reaction chamber is surrounded by closed magnetic yoke electromagnets which are provided with magnetic pole joints which are the same as the number of the electrodes and are symmetrically distributed, series coils are arranged on the magnetic yoke electromagnets, a transverse magnetic field can be generated after the current is supplied, one end of each coil is connected with the corresponding electrode, the other end of each coil is connected with a power supply, rod-shaped electrodes positioned in the reactor are arranged at an inclined angle of 5-7 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the reaction chamber and are distributed at the same distance from the longitudinal axis and are distributed at equal angles with each other, and the uniform conical loss of the electrode terminals in the molten liquid is ensured; the power supply of the three-phase alternating current power supply is a three-phase adjustable silicon controlled rectifier power supply and works in a power-on state.
2. The electrode inclined electromagnetic plasma melting reactor of claim 1, wherein: the reaction chamber is provided with a rod-shaped auxiliary electrode which is arranged in the center of the reaction chamber along the longitudinal axis and can move up and down, so that the auxiliary electrode can be lifted up or down, and when the auxiliary electrode is lowered down, the hollow space on the device for leading out the molten liquid is closed, and the molten liquid is heated additionally.
3. The electrode inclined electromagnetic plasma melting reactor of claim 1, wherein: the device for leading out the melt is arranged on the central position of the bottom of the reaction chamber and is composed of a melt leading-out port arranged on a seat frame; the melt leading-out port is provided with a water-cooled shell and is fixed by a pressing plate; the current in the circuit formed by the additional power supply and the flow guide opening can be regulated and controlled by changing the current flowing in the melt between the additional rod-shaped electrode and the melt flow guide opening, thereby regulating and controlling the heating temperature of the flow guide opening and the melt flow flowing out of the flow guide opening
The electrode inclined electromagnetic plasma melting reactor of claim 3, wherein: the seat frame is made of electrode graphite, and the flow guide port is made of siliconized compact graphite.
4. In addition, the seat frame and the diversion opening are coated with a layer of zirconium dioxide containing refractory and refractory components.
5. The electrode inclined electromagnetic plasma melting reactor of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the reaction chamber is provided with a lining built by chrome-magnesium refractory bricks, and the lining inclines from the inner wall of the reactor to the center of the bottom.
6. The electrode inclined electromagnetic plasma melting reactor of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the reaction chamber is made of a non-magnetic material stainless steel plate, and the outer wall of the reaction chamber is provided with an insulated water cooling shell; regulating and controlling a valve on the main water collecting tank, and respectively injecting cooling water from the lower part by a hose; the bottom and the cover of the reaction chamber are respectively provided with two water inlet pipes and a water outlet pipe.
7. The inclined electrode electromagnetic plasma melting reactor of any of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the melt flow can flow out stably only when the temperature of the melt flow is 1400 to 1500 ℃; the no-load voltage is 140V, and the current value is 0-300A; the average time for collecting the solution in the reaction chamber is 10 to 15 minutes, the diameter of the diversion opening is 10 to 11 millimeters, and the time for pouring the solution is 4 to 5 minutes; 600 to 900 kg of melt can be tapped each time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911346658.7A CN111089483A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911346658.7A CN111089483A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111089483A true CN111089483A (en) | 2020-05-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911346658.7A Pending CN111089483A (en) | 2019-12-24 | 2019-12-24 | Electrode tilting type electromagnetic plasma melting reactor |
Country Status (1)
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111089483A (en) |
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- 2019-12-24 CN CN201911346658.7A patent/CN111089483A/en active Pending
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