CN111085292B

CN111085292B - Glass sorting device

Info

Publication number: CN111085292B
Application number: CN201911360063.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵莉莉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-25
Filing date: 2019-12-25
Publication date: 2021-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-25
Also published as: CN111085292A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of refuse treatment, especially, relate to a glass sorting unit, include: the garbage can comprises a machine body, a power extrusion part, a garbage extrusion barrel and an extrusion plate; the power extrusion part is arranged above the machine body and can reciprocate up and down, and the lower end of the power extrusion part is provided with an extrusion plate extending horizontally; the garbage extrusion barrel is fixed with the machine body, and an extrusion inlet is formed towards the upper part of the garbage extrusion barrel, so that the power extrusion part drives the extrusion plate to extend into the garbage extrusion barrel from the extrusion inlet; the bottom of the garbage extrusion container is a bearing plate movably connected with the side wall of the garbage extrusion container, the bearing plate completely covers the bottom of the garbage extrusion container, a filtering sieve plate is arranged below the bearing plate, and the edge of the filtering sieve plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the garbage extrusion container. When the glass with the small volume is screened, the metal extruded into the flat shape to a greater extent is blocked above the filtering sieve plate, and then the metal and the glass in the garbage are separated.

Description

Glass sorting device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of garbage treatment, in particular to a glass sorting device.

Background

Along with the increase of urban population and the improvement of the living standard of people, the yield of urban domestic garbage is increased, the harm to the environment is increased, and therefore, the treatment of the garbage is particularly important.

However, in the current domestic garbage disposal, the daily garbage produced by the household is packed into garbage bags, and then is thrown to a residential garbage site or a garbage can after being packed, and the garbage is cleaned by the personnel waiting for cleaning, and then is uniformly buried and burned, but the current garbage disposal methods cause serious pollution to soil and air.

Therefore, garbage classification is advocated at present, and residents classify garbage when discarding the garbage, so that different types of garbage classified by the residents can be treated differently in the garbage treatment stage. However, the garbage classification method in the garbage discarding stage is difficult to implement and the implementation effect is not satisfactory, so the garbage classification method should focus on the garbage disposal stage.

However, in the prior art, for sorting municipal waste, the waste can be crushed to ensure that the volume of the sorted waste is uniform, light paper, plastic and cloth can be sorted out by air separation, then organic matters can be sorted out by an organic matter sorting device, and for sorting the remaining heavy waste such as metal, glass and residue soil, some metals can be adsorbed by magnetic separation to separate the metals from the glass and the residue soil, but the metals attracted by magnets are only a few but limited to several ferromagnetic metals such as iron, nickel and cobalt, and most other metals such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, tin, lead and titanium cannot be attracted by magnets, so that the metals and the glass are difficult to be separated thoroughly.

Therefore, how to separate metal from glass more thoroughly is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a glass sorting unit to comparatively thorough selects separately metal and glass.

In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides the following technical scheme:

a glass sorting apparatus comprising: the garbage can comprises a machine body, a power extrusion part, a garbage extrusion barrel and an extrusion plate; the power extrusion part is arranged above the machine body and can reciprocate up and down, and the lower end of the power extrusion part is provided with an extrusion plate extending horizontally; the garbage extrusion barrel is fixed with the machine body, and an extrusion inlet is formed towards the upper part of the garbage extrusion barrel, so that the power extrusion part drives the extrusion plate to extend into the garbage extrusion barrel from the extrusion inlet; the bottom of the garbage extrusion container is a bearing plate movably connected with the side wall of the garbage extrusion container, the bearing plate completely covers the bottom of the garbage extrusion container, a filtering sieve plate is arranged below the bearing plate, and the edge of the filtering sieve plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the garbage extrusion container.

The glass sorting device as described above, wherein preferably, the lower edge of the sidewall of the garbage pressing canister is fixedly connected with a frame, a horizontally extending chute is provided inside the frame, and the pressure-bearing plate is inserted into the chute from one side and can be inserted or pulled out along the chute, so as to close or open the lower part of the garbage pressing canister; the lower edge of the frame is fixedly connected with a filtering sieve plate.

The glass sorting apparatus as described above, wherein preferably, the pressing plate includes: the frame and the extrusion blocks are combined together and are contained in a space surrounded by the frame; the upper end of each of the extrusion blocks is connected with a hydraulic cylinder driving system so as to drive the extrusion blocks to continue pressurizing downwards or suspend pressurizing through the self-connected hydraulic cylinder driving system.

The glass sorting apparatus as described above, preferably further comprising: the controller compares the received pressure intensity information with a prestored pressurization threshold value, if the received pressure intensity is greater than the prestored pressurization threshold value, a control signal for suspending pressurization is sent to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder system, and if the received pressure intensity is less than the prestored pressurization threshold value, a control signal for continuing pressurization is sent to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder driving system.

In the glass sorting apparatus as described above, it is preferable that the pressing threshold is 150% strong against the impact at the time of glass breakage.

The glass sorting apparatus as described above, wherein preferably, the impact strength D ═ P/S at the time of glass breakage, where S ═ Σ Ph/V; wherein P is compressive strength, S is the destructive power borne by a unit volume, Sigma Ph is the power exerted by an impact object, and V is the volume of the glass block.

In the glass sorting apparatus as described above, preferably, the pressure receiving surface of the pressure receiving plate is an inclined surface, and the pressing surface of the pressing plate is an inclined surface corresponding to the pressure receiving surface.

The glass sorting apparatus as described above, preferably further comprising: and the vibration device is connected with the bearing plate so as to drive the bearing plate to vibrate along the inclined direction of the bearing plate.

The glass sorting apparatus as described above, wherein preferably, the body includes: the lower end of the lower machine body is fixed on the upper surface of the base, the lower end of the upper machine body is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower machine body, part of the lower end of the upper machine body is arranged in a staggered mode with the upper end of the lower machine body, and the power extrusion part is arranged at the lower end of the upper machine body in a staggered mode with the upper machine body.

The glass sorting device as described above, wherein preferably, the other side of the garbage pressing barrel opposite to the side fixed with the machine body is extended with a support leg downwards, and the support leg extends to the bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate.

Compared with the background art, in the process of extruding the garbage, the glass sorting device provided by the invention can break the glass to become smaller blocks because the glass is a brittle material, and the metal is extruded to be flat instead because the metal has ductility, so that the area is increased, and therefore, the metal extruded to be flat is blocked above the filtering sieve plate to a greater extent while the glass with smaller volume is screened through the filtering sieve plate, so that the metal and the glass in the garbage are separated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a household garbage sorting system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower portion of a garbage container according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an extrusion plate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative only and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

The urban domestic garbage can be classified into three types of recoverable garbage, kitchen garbage and other garbage, wherein the recoverable garbage is classified into waste paper, plastics, glass, metal, cloth and the like, the kitchen garbage mainly comprises leftovers, bones, vegetable roots, vegetable leaves and the like, and the other garbage mainly comprises brick, tile, ceramic, muck and the like.

The application provides a glass sorting device, which is used for sorting glass from the sorted and remaining garbage, such as glass, metal, brick and tile ceramic, dregs and the like, and mainly sorting the glass from other metals.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a glass sorting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

the application provides a glass sorting device which comprises a machine body, a power extrusion part 2, a garbage extrusion barrel 3 and an extrusion plate 4.

Wherein, power extrusion portion 2 sets up the top at the organism to but up-and-down reciprocating motion, the lower extreme of power extrusion portion 3 has the stripper plate 4 of horizontal extension, through power extrusion portion 2 up-and-down reciprocating motion, thereby stretches into rubbish recipient 3 with the stripper plate 4 of its lower extreme horizontal extension in, extrudees the rubbish in the rubbish recipient 3.

The organism is used for supporting other parts, and specifically, the organism includes: base 11, lower fuselage 12 and upper fuselage 13, the lower extreme of lower fuselage 12 is fixed in the upper surface of base 11, the lower extreme of upper fuselage 13 and the upper end fixed connection of lower fuselage 12, but the partial position of the lower extreme of upper fuselage 13 staggers with the upper end of lower fuselage 12 and arranges to set up power extrusion portion 2 at the staggered position of upper fuselage 13 lower extreme and upper fuselage in order to make power extrusion portion 2 can up-and-down reciprocating motion. In addition, a hydraulic or pneumatic driving device 14 may be further provided at a position where the upper end of the lower body 12 is offset from the lower end of the upper body 13 to drive the power pressing part 2 to reciprocate up and down.

The garbage extrusion container 3 is fixed with the machine body, and an extrusion inlet is formed towards the upper side, so that the power extrusion part 2 drives the extrusion plate 4 to stretch into the garbage extrusion container 3 from the extrusion inlet, and the garbage in the garbage extrusion container is extruded. Specifically, one side surface of the garbage squeezing barrel 3 is fixed with the side surface of the lower machine body 12 of the machine body, and the garbage squeezing barrel 3 is positioned below the position of the upper machine body 13 staggered with the lower machine body 12, so that the power squeezing part 2 arranged at the lower end of the upper machine body 13 can stretch into the garbage squeezing barrel 3. In addition, in order to ensure that the garbage extrusion container 3 can bear larger pressure, the other side of the garbage extrusion container 3 opposite to the side fixed with the lower machine body 12 extends downwards to form supporting legs 5, and the supporting legs 5 extend to the bottom plate 11 and are fixedly connected with the bottom plate 11.

In addition, the bottom of the garbage extrusion container 3 is a pressure bearing plate movably connected with the side wall of the garbage extrusion container 3, and the pressure bearing plate completely covers the bottom of the garbage extrusion container 3. For example: the bearing plate is inserted into the side wall of the garbage extrusion container 3 in a plugging mode, or one side of the bearing plate is hinged to the side wall of the garbage extrusion container 3, the opposite side of the bearing plate is fixed to the side wall of the garbage extrusion container 3 through a pin shaft, when the bearing plate needs to be moved, the pin shaft is pulled out, and the bearing plate is rotated upwards. Be provided with the filter sieve in the below of bearing plate, the edge of filtering the sieve and the lateral wall fixed connection of rubbish recipient 3 to will screen the separation through extruded rubbish through filtering the sieve.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower portion of a garbage squeezing container according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

the lower edge of the sidewall of the garbage squeezing can 3 is fixedly connected with a frame 33, a sliding chute 331 extending horizontally is formed in the frame 33, and the bearing plate 31 is inserted into the sliding chute 331 from one side and can be inserted or pulled out along the sliding chute 331, so that the lower part of the garbage squeezing can 3 is closed or opened. Preferably, one side of the frame 33 facing the machine body is provided with an opening, and the pressure-bearing plate 31 is inserted into or pulled out of the sliding groove 331 of the frame 33 from the side of the machine body through the opening of the frame 33, so as to reduce the volume occupied by pulling out the pressure-bearing plate 31. Specifically, the lower body 12 of the machine body has an opening, and the pressure-bearing plate 31 is pulled out from the chute 331 and extends into the lower body 12 through the opening formed in the lower body 12, so as to reduce the volume occupied by pulling out the pressure-bearing plate 31.

On the basis, the filtering sieve plate 32 is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the frame 33, after the bearing plate 31 is pulled out along the chute 331, the extruded garbage falls onto the filtering sieve plate 32, and is filtered and sorted by the filtering sieve plate 32, so that the garbage with small volume and the garbage with large volume are sorted.

Since glass is a brittle material, the brittleness of glass means a characteristic of breaking immediately when a load exceeds the ultimate strength of glass, and specifically, when a sudden load is applied to glass, particles in the glass do not rapidly deform and flow in an adaptive manner, and a phenomenon of mutual separation occurs, so that the glass breaks and becomes a small block during a pressing operation. The metal in the garbage has ductility (the common metal iron, copper, aluminum, gold, silver and the like in the urban garbage have good ductility), and the specific ductility of the metal refers to the property of being capable of being rolled into a sheet without breaking under the action of external force (hammering or rolling), so that the metal in the garbage is flat by the extrusion process in the extrusion process, the area is further increased, the metal is blocked above the filter sieve plate to a greater extent, and the metal in the garbage is further separated from the glass. And separating the slag and the tile ceramics in the separated metal or the glass in a purification mode.

In addition, after the light garbage such as waste paper, plastics and cloth and kitchen garbage such as leftovers, bones, vegetable roots and vegetable leaves are separated from the household garbage after the light garbage separation and the organic garbage separation, the left garbage basically comprises garbage such as glass, metal, brick and tile ceramics and muck. Because the power extrusion part 2 drives the extrusion plate 4 to extrude the garbage such as glass, metal, tile ceramics, slag soil and the like in the garbage extrusion barrel 3, the hardness and the pressure bearing capacity of the garbage are different, and in order to ensure the extrusion effect of the glass, the extrusion plate 4 is preferably arranged in the following mode. As shown in fig. 3, specifically, the pressing plate 4 includes: a frame 41 and a plurality of pressing blocks 42, wherein the plurality of pressing blocks 42 are combined together and are contained in a space surrounded by the frame 41, so that the frame 41 and the plurality of pressing plates 42 form the pressing plate 4. The upper end of each of the plurality of squeezing blocks 42 is connected with a hydraulic cylinder driving system (such as the hydraulic cylinder driving system 411, the hydraulic cylinder driving system 412 … …, the hydraulic cylinder driving system 41(n-1), and the hydraulic cylinder driving system 41n shown in fig. 4) to drive the squeezing blocks 42 to continue to pressurize downwards or suspend pressurizing through the hydraulic cylinder driving system connected with the hydraulic cylinder driving system, so that the pressures exerted by different squeezing blocks 42 are adjusted according to different wastes squeezed below different squeezing blocks 42.

On the basis of the above, with continued reference to fig. 4, the glass sorting apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the controller 421 and a plurality of pressure sensors (pressure sensor 431, pressure sensor 432 … …, pressure sensor 43(n-1), pressure sensor 43n), each of which is configured to detect the pressure applied to one of the pressing blocks 42 and transmit the pressure information to the controller 421, the controller 421 compares the received pressure information with a pre-stored pressing threshold, and sends a control signal for suspending pressing to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder system if the received pressure is greater than the pre-stored pressing threshold, and sends a control signal for continuing pressing to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder driving system if the received pressure is less than the pre-stored pressing threshold.

Because the different types of garbage in the garbage squeezing barrel 3 can bear different pressures, for example, glass has brittleness and smaller bearing pressure, metal has higher strength and larger bearing pressure, and tile ceramics can also bear larger pressure than glass, 150% of the impact strength borne by the broken glass is set as the pressurization threshold borne by each squeezing block 42. Specifically, the impact strength applied to the glass during breakage is D ═ P/S, wherein S ═ Sigma Ph/V; wherein P is compressive strength, S is the destructive power borne by a unit volume, Sigma Ph is the power exerted by an impact object, and V is the volume of the glass block. When the pressure value borne by a certain extrusion block 42 reaches a set pressurization threshold value, the controller controls the driving device connected with the extrusion block 42 to suspend pressurization so as to keep the pressure value borne by the extrusion block 42 at the pressurization threshold value, thereby avoiding other wastes with strong hardness from being crushed under the premise of crushing the glass.

In order to ensure that the glass can be pressed, the pressure-receiving face of the pressure-receiving plate 31 is provided as an inclined face, and the pressing face of the pressing plate 4 is also provided as a corresponding inclined face, i.e., the inclined direction and the inclined angle of the pressure-receiving face of the pressure-receiving plate 31 are the same as those of the pressing face of the pressing plate 4. Furthermore, the inclined pressing surface of the pressing plate 4 is formed by splicing the pressing surfaces of a plurality of obliquely arranged pressing blocks 42. Because the pressurizing threshold is set, when garbage with larger volume and larger strength is extruded by a certain extrusion block 42, the extrusion block 42 stops to continue to extrude downwards, thereby avoiding the extrusion of other garbage with larger hardness, and at the moment, larger glass can be broken into small blocks, garbage with smaller volume (containing smaller glass) moves downwards along the inclined pressure-bearing surface, namely the extrusion block above the inclined pressure-bearing surface extrudes the garbage with larger volume, the glass which can not be extruded above the inclined pressure-bearing surface can downwards along the inclined pressure-bearing surface to be extruded and broken by the extrusion block below the inclined pressure-bearing surface, thus, although the pressurizing threshold is set, the phenomenon that the glass can not contact with the extrusion block due to smaller volume can be avoided, thereby further extruding the garbage with smaller volume under the action of the extrusion block below, until the glass is broken by pressing.

On the basis, a vibration device (not shown in the figure) can be further arranged, and the vibration device is connected with the bearing plate 31 to drive the bearing plate 31 to vibrate along the inclined direction of the bearing plate, so that the garbage with smaller volume is driven to move downwards.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A glass sorting apparatus, comprising: the garbage can comprises a machine body, a power extrusion part, a garbage extrusion barrel and an extrusion plate;

the power extrusion part is arranged above the machine body and can reciprocate up and down, and the lower end of the power extrusion part is provided with an extrusion plate extending horizontally;

the garbage extrusion barrel is fixed with the machine body, and an extrusion inlet is formed towards the upper part of the garbage extrusion barrel, so that the power extrusion part drives the extrusion plate to extend into the garbage extrusion barrel from the extrusion inlet;

the bottom of the garbage extrusion barrel is provided with a bearing plate movably connected with the side wall of the garbage extrusion barrel, the bearing plate completely covers the bottom of the garbage extrusion barrel, a filtering sieve plate is arranged below the bearing plate, and the edge of the filtering sieve plate is fixedly connected with the side wall of the garbage extrusion barrel;

the extrusion plate includes: the extrusion plate comprises an extrusion plate frame and a plurality of extrusion blocks, wherein the extrusion blocks are combined together and are contained in a space surrounded by the extrusion plate frame; the upper end of each of the extrusion blocks is connected with a hydraulic cylinder driving system so as to drive the extrusion blocks to continuously pressurize downwards or suspend pressurizing through the hydraulic cylinder driving system connected with the extrusion blocks;

further comprising: the controller compares the received pressure intensity information with a prestored pressurization threshold value, if the received pressure intensity is greater than the prestored pressurization threshold value, a control signal for suspending pressurization is sent to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder driving system, and if the received pressure intensity is less than the prestored pressurization threshold value, a control signal for continuing pressurization is sent to the corresponding hydraulic cylinder driving system.

2. The glass sorting device according to claim 1, wherein a garbage squeezing barrel frame is fixedly connected to the lower edge of the side wall of the garbage squeezing barrel, a horizontally extending chute is formed in the garbage squeezing barrel frame, and the bearing plate is inserted into the chute from one side and can be inserted or pulled out along the chute, so that the lower part of the garbage squeezing barrel is closed or opened; the lower edge of the garbage extrusion barrel frame is fixedly connected with a filtering sieve plate.

3. The glass sorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressurization threshold is 150% of the impact strength experienced at the time of glass breakage.

4. The glass sorting device according to claim 3, wherein the glass is broken by an impact strength D ═ P/S, where S ═ Ph/V; wherein P is compressive strength, S is the destructive power borne by a unit volume, Sigma Ph is the power exerted by an impact object, and V is the volume of the glass block.

5. The glass sorting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pressure-receiving face of the pressure-receiving plate is an inclined face, and the pressing face of the pressing plate is an inclined face corresponding to the pressure-receiving face.

6. The glass sorting apparatus of claim 5, further comprising: and the vibration device is connected with the bearing plate so as to drive the bearing plate to vibrate along the inclined direction of the bearing plate.

7. The glass sorting apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the body comprises: the lower end of the lower machine body is fixed on the upper surface of the base, the lower end of the upper machine body is fixedly connected with the upper end of the lower machine body, part of the lower end of the upper machine body is arranged in a staggered mode with the upper end of the lower machine body, and the power extrusion part is arranged at the lower end of the upper machine body in a staggered mode with the lower machine body.

8. The glass sorting device according to claim 7, wherein a support leg extends from the other side of the garbage press opposite to the side where the garbage press is fixed to the body in a downward direction, and the support leg extends to the bottom plate and is fixedly connected with the bottom plate.