CN111084300A - Granular eel feed - Google Patents
Granular eel feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN111084300A CN111084300A CN201911390414.9A CN201911390414A CN111084300A CN 111084300 A CN111084300 A CN 111084300A CN 201911390414 A CN201911390414 A CN 201911390414A CN 111084300 A CN111084300 A CN 111084300A
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- marine algae
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 241000411851 herbal medicine Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001763 2-hydroxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019743 Choline chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M choline chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CCO SGMZJAMFUVOLNK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229960003178 choline chloride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000150 monocalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000168517 Haematococcus lacustris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 240000000691 Houttuynia cordata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000206469 Pulsatilla Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000009411 Rheum rhabarbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013719 Houttuynia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000299790 Rheum rhabarbarum Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 29
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000252073 Anguilliformes Species 0.000 description 16
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000219061 Rheum Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 244000163122 Curcuma domestica Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000003373 curcuma longa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000010894 Artemisia argyi Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000758794 Asarum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000003392 Curcuma domestica Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000013717 Houttuynia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000030166 artemisia Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013976 turmeric Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009051 Ambrosia paniculata var. peruviana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003097 Artemisia absinthium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017731 Artemisia dracunculus ssp. dracunculus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003261 Artemisia vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000006891 Artemisia vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000004980 Rheum officinale Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008081 Rheum officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001138 artemisia absinthium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940062672 calcium dihydrogen phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000252082 Anguilla anguilla Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252087 Anguilla japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252085 Anguilla rostrata Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBJKKFFYIZUCET-JLAZNSOCSA-N Dehydro-L-ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(=O)C1=O SBJKKFFYIZUCET-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Mycology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture feed, and particularly relates to granular eel feed which comprises fish meal, fish oil, puffed soybean, pregelatinized starch, mineral substances, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, multiple vitamins, composite Chinese herbal medicines and marine algae; the compound Chinese herbal medicines comprise rhubarb, houttuynia cordata, folium artemisiae argyi and Chinese pulsatilla root, and the marine algae is a mixture of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis. According to the invention, through improving the feed components and adjusting the mixture ratio of the components, the disintegration time of the feed is controlled, the digestibility of the feed is improved, the pigment deposition of the eel is improved, and the natural body color of the eel is maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture feeds, and particularly relates to a granular eel feed.
Background
Eel is delicious in meat quality, and is rich in high-quality protein, amino acid, calcium, DHA, EPA and multiple vitamins, so that eel has extremely high edible and nutritional values and is always favored by people. The variety of eel is 18 kinds in the world, and Japanese eel, American eel, European eel, weever and the like are common. The eel breeding in China mainly comprises Japanese eels and European eels, is mainly concentrated in coastal provinces such as Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, and the total yield accounts for about 70 percent of the global total yield, and is the biggest eel breeding producing country and eel product raw material supplying country in the world at present.
In the process of breeding eels, a farmer usually mixes the powdery compound feed into a mass and puts the mass into a breeding pond for feeding. Because the eels need to live in clean and clean water, the eel feeding mode usually pollutes culture water due to feed dissolution, so that the eels are easy to attack and cause huge loss. Therefore, the Chinese invention with the patent publication number of CN107865255A is specially favorable for 2018, 4 and 3, and discloses eel breeding feed, aiming at solving the problems of low immunity and easy eel disease initiation in the artificial eel breeding process in the prior art. However, although the feed improves the immunity of eels to a certain extent, the body color of eels is easy to blacken or have bronze color, and the market price of eels is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a granular eel feed, which is beneficial to improving eel pigment deposition and maintaining the natural body color of eel by adding Chinese herbal medicines and marine algae into a basal feed.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a granular eel feed comprising: fish meal, fish oil, puffed soybean, pregelatinized starch, mineral substances, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, multiple vitamins, compound Chinese herbal medicines and marine algae; the compound Chinese herbal medicines comprise rhubarb, houttuynia cordata, folium artemisiae argyi and Chinese pulsatilla root, and the marine algae is a mixture of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis.
According to the technical scheme, the composite Chinese herbal medicine and marine algae are added into the feed, so that the deposition of pigment in the eel body can be effectively inhibited, the natural body color of the eel is maintained, and the market value of the eel is improved.
Preferably, in the eel feed, 33 to 45 weight percent of fish meal, 2.5 to 8 weight percent of fish oil, 13 to 22 weight percent of puffed soybean, not more than 22 weight percent of pregelatinized starch, 1.2 to 1.5 weight percent of mineral, 1.5 to 1.8 weight percent of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 to 0.8 weight percent of choline chloride, 0.8 to 1.0 weight percent of multi-vitamin, 2.4 to 5.8 weight percent of compound Chinese herbal medicine and 3.2 to 4.0 weight percent of marine algae.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the spirulina to the haematococcus pluvialis is 2.5-4.5: 1.
Further preferably, the weight ratio of the spirulina to the haematococcus pluvialis is 3.0-4.5: 1.
Preferably, the compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises 45wt% of rheum officinale, 25wt% of houttuynia cordata, 15wt% of folium artemisiae argyi and 15wt% of Chinese pulsatilla root.
Preferably, corn flour and bran may also be added.
The influence on the body color of the eel is not only a direct reason caused by components in the feed, but also a part of reasons that the utilization rate of the feed is not high and the body color of the eel is difficult to deposit normally.
The existing granular compound feed is difficult to grasp the disintegration time in water in the feeding process, the eel is influenced to eat due to premature disintegration, the feed is wasted, the feed is disintegrated too late, the absorption rate of the feed is influenced, and the load can be caused to a plurality of organs of the eel, particularly the liver. According to the scheme, the feed can be controlled to disintegrate within 25-30 minutes by adding the unite bran and controlling the addition amount and the particle size of the unite bran, the time range is favorable for feeding the feed for the eels, the utilization rate of the feed is improved, and the culture water body is not polluted.
And the corn flour and the unite bran are added in a matching way, so that the digestion and absorption efficiency of the feed is improved, and the normal deposition of the body color of the eel is facilitated.
Preferably, in the eel feed, 33-40 wt% of fish meal, 2.5-8 wt% of fish oil, 13-22 wt% of expanded soybean, 15-18% of pregelatinized starch, 6-12 wt% of corn flour, 4-6 wt% of unite bran, 1.2-1.5 wt% of mineral substances, 1.5-1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5-0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.8-1.0 wt% of multi-vitamin, 2.4-5.8 wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicine and 3.2-4.0 wt% of marine algae.
Preferably, in the eel feed, 33-40 wt% of fish meal, 2.5-8 wt% of fish oil, 15-20 wt% of puffed soybean, 15-18 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 6-8 wt% of corn flour, 5-6 wt% of unite bran, 1.2-1.5 wt% of minerals, 1.5-1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5-0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.8-1.0 wt% of vitamins, 3.6-5.5 wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicines and 3.2-3.5 wt% of marine algae.
Preferably, the particle size of the unite bran is 0.4-0.6 mm. Is more beneficial to the control of the disintegration time of the feed.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the corn flour to the bran dough is 1: 1-2.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the corn flour to the bran is 1: 1.5.
Preferably, the corn flour is puffed corn flour.
Preferably, the rice bran is fermented rice bran.
By implementing the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, through improving the feed components and adjusting the mixture ratio of the components, the disintegration time of the feed is controlled, the digestibility of the feed is improved, the pigment deposition of the eel is improved, and the natural body color of the eel is maintained.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples; it should be noted that a person skilled in the art may make several improvements and optimizations without departing from the inventive concept, and these improvements and optimizations should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Reagents, equipment and methods employed in the present invention are reagents, equipment and methods conventionally commercially available in the art and conventionally used methods, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A granular eel feed comprises 42wt% of fish meal, 3wt% of fish oil, 20 wt% of puffed soybean, 22 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 1.5 wt% of minerals, 1.5 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 1.0 wt% of multivitamins, 4.2 wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicines and 4.0 wt% of marine algae. Wherein, the compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises 45wt% of rhubarb, 25wt% of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 15wt% of Chinese mugwort leaf and 15wt% of Chinese pulsatilla root, and the marine algae is mixed algae of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis with the weight ratio of 4.0: 1.
Example 2
A granular feed for eel is prepared from fish powder (45 wt.%), fish oil (3 wt.%), puffed soybean (16.5 wt.%), pregelatinized starch (22 wt.%), minerals (1.2 wt.%), calcium dihydrogen phosphate (1.5 wt.%), choline chloride (0.5 wt.%), vitamines (1.0 wt.%), curcuma longa (5.8 wt.%) and marine algae (3.5 wt.%). Wherein the marine algae is mixed algae of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis in a weight ratio of 2.5: 1.
Example 3
A granular eel feed comprises 33wt% of fish meal, 8wt% of fish oil, 17 wt% of puffed soybean, 15wt% of pregelatinized starch, 8wt% of puffed corn flour, 4wt% of fermented rice bran, 1.2 wt% of minerals, 1.5 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 wt% of choline chloride, 1.0 wt% of vitamins, 5.8wt% of composite Chinese herbal medicines and 4.0 wt% of marine algae. Wherein, the compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises 45wt% of rhubarb, 25wt% of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 15wt% of Chinese mugwort leaf and 15wt% of Chinese pulsatilla root, and the marine algae is mixed algae of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis with the weight ratio of 4.5: 1. The puffed corn flour is crushed to a particle size of 0.5-0.6 mm.
Example 4
A granular eel feed comprises 33wt% of fish meal, 2.5wt% of fish oil, 19.5 wt% of puffed soybean, 18 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 8wt% of puffed corn flour, 5wt% of fermented rice bran, 1.5 wt% of minerals, 1.5 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.8 wt% of multi-vitamins, 5.8wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicines and 3.6 wt% of marine algae. Wherein, the compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises 45wt% of rhubarb, 25wt% of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 15wt% of Chinese mugwort leaf and 15wt% of Chinese pulsatilla root, and the marine algae adopts the weight ratio of spirulina to haematococcus pluvialis of 3.5: 1, the mixed algae. The puffed corn flour is crushed to a particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm.
Example 5
A granular eel feed comprises 35wt% of fish meal, 3wt% of fish oil, 21 wt% of puffed soybean, 15wt% of pregelatinized starch, 8wt% of puffed corn flour, 4wt% of fermented rice bran, 1.5 wt% of minerals, 1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.9 wt% of vitamins, 5.8wt% of composite Chinese herbal medicines and 3.2 wt% of marine algae. Wherein, the compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises 45wt% of rhubarb, 25wt% of heartleaf houttuynia herb, 15wt% of Chinese mugwort leaf and 15wt% of Chinese pulsatilla root, and the marine algae is mixed algae of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis in a weight ratio of 4: 1. The puffed corn flour is crushed to a particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm.
Comparative example 1
A granular feed for eel is prepared from fish powder (50.2 wt.%), fish oil (3 wt.%), puffed soybean (20 wt.%), pregelatinized starch (22 wt.%), minerals (1.5 wt.%), calcium dihydrogen phosphate (1.5 wt.%), choline chloride (0.8 wt.%) and vitamins (1.0 wt.%). Compared with example 1, the compound Chinese herbal medicine and marine algae are not added.
Comparative example 2
A granular eel feed comprises 35.2wt% of fish meal, 3wt% of fish oil, 21 wt% of expanded soybean, 18 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 8wt% of expanded corn flour, 4wt% of fermented rice bran, 1.5 wt% of minerals, 1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.9 wt% of multi-vitamins and 5.8wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicines. The puffed corn powder is crushed to the particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm, and the composite Chinese herbal medicine comprises 45wt% of rheum officinale, 25wt% of houttuynia cordata, 15wt% of folium artemisiae argyi and 15wt% of Chinese pulsatilla root.
Comparative example 3
A granular eel feed comprises 35.8wt% of fish meal, 5wt% of fish oil, 21 wt% of expanded soybean, 18 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 8wt% of expanded corn flour, 4wt% of fermented rice bran, 1.5 wt% of minerals, 1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.9 wt% of vitamins and 3.2 wt% of marine algae. Wherein the marine algae is mixed algae of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis in a weight ratio of 4: 1. The puffed corn flour is crushed to a particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm.
Comparative example 4
A granular eel feed comprises 33wt% of fish meal, 5wt% of fish oil, 18 wt% of puffed soybean, 18 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 12wt% of puffed corn flour, 1.5 wt% of mineral, 1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.9 wt% of multivitamin, 5.8wt% of composite Chinese herbal medicine and 3.2 wt% of marine algae. Wherein the marine algae is mixed algae of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis in a weight ratio of 4: 1. The puffed corn flour is crushed to a particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm. The compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises 45wt% of rhubarb, 25wt% of houttuynia cordata, 15wt% of argy wormwood leaf and 15wt% of Chinese pulsatilla root.
Comparative example 5
A granular eel feed comprises 33wt% of fish meal, 5wt% of fish oil, 18 wt% of puffed soybean, 18 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 12wt% of fermented rice bran, 1.5 wt% of mineral substances, 1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.9 wt% of multivitamin, 5.8wt% of composite Chinese herbal medicine and 3.2 wt% of marine algae. Wherein the marine algae is mixed algae of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis in a weight ratio of 4: 1. The compound Chinese herbal medicine comprises 45wt% of rhubarb, 25wt% of houttuynia cordata, 15wt% of argy wormwood leaf and 15wt% of Chinese pulsatilla root.
Comparative example 6
The difference from example 5 is that only spirulina was used as marine algae.
Comparative example 7
The difference from example 5 is that the weight ratio of spirulina to haematococcus pluvialis is 1:1.
The feed ingredients of the above examples and comparative examples were mixed and granulated by a granulator to obtain granules.
The feed obtained by the embodiment and the comparative example is used for feeding the eels, the body color of the eels is shown in the following table 1 from the breeding to 0.4-0.6 jin/strip.
The digestibility is determined by an indirect method using chromium sesquioxide as an exogenous indicator.
Disintegration time, measured as complete dissolution of the granulated feed in water at 25 ℃.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the digestibility and disintegration time shown in Table 1, the simultaneous addition of corn flour and rice bran results in higher digestibility and controlled disintegration time within the range of 25min to half an hour, as compared to the comparative examples in which neither corn flour nor rice bran, or either one of them is added.
As can be seen from the body color of the eels in table 1, the body color is closer to the natural body color when the turmeric and the marine algae are added than when the turmeric and the marine algae are not added or either is added alone.
From the body color of the eels of examples 1 and 2, comparative example 4 and comparative example 5, the body color of the fed eels is different from the natural body color and darker, although the turmeric and marine algae are added in the feed, but no corn flour and unite bran are available or not.
From the body color of the eels in the comparative examples 2 and 3, the body color of the fed eels is different from the natural body color and darker, although the corn flour and the unite bran are added into the feed, but the turmeric and the marine algae are not added simultaneously.
Claims (10)
1. A granular eel feed, which is characterized by comprising: fish meal, fish oil, puffed soybean, pregelatinized starch, mineral substances, monocalcium phosphate, choline chloride, multiple vitamins, compound Chinese herbal medicines and marine algae; the compound Chinese herbal medicines comprise rhubarb, houttuynia cordata, folium artemisiae argyi and Chinese pulsatilla root, and the marine algae is a mixture of spirulina and haematococcus pluvialis.
2. The granular eel feed according to claim 1, comprising: 33-45 wt% of fish meal, 2.5-8 wt% of fish oil, 13-22 wt% of puffed soybean, no more than 22 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 1.2-1.5 wt% of mineral substances, 1.5-1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5-0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.8-1.0 wt% of multivitamin, 2.4-5.8 wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicine and 3.2-4.0 wt% of marine algae.
3. A granular eel feed according to claim 1 or 2 comprising: the weight ratio of the spirulina to the haematococcus pluvialis is 2.5-4.5: 1.
4. The granular eel feed according to claim 1, wherein corn flour and unite bran are further added.
5. The granular eel feed according to claim 4, wherein the feed comprises 33-40 wt% of fish meal, 2.5-8 wt% of fish oil, 13-22 wt% of expanded soybean, 15-18% of pregelatinized starch, 6-12 wt% of corn flour, 4-6 wt% of unite bran, 1.2-1.5 wt% of minerals, 1.5-1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5-0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.8-1.0 wt% of vitamins, 2.4-5.8 wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicines and 3.2-4.0 wt% of marine algae.
6. The granular eel feed according to claim 5, wherein the feed comprises 33-40 wt% of fish meal, 2.5-8 wt% of fish oil, 15-20 wt% of expanded soybean, 15-18 wt% of pregelatinized starch, 6-8 wt% of corn flour, 5-6 wt% of unite bran, 1.2-1.5 wt% of minerals, 1.5-1.8 wt% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5-0.8 wt% of choline chloride, 0.8-1.0 wt% of vitamins, 3.6-5.5 wt% of compound Chinese herbal medicines and 3.2-3.5 wt% of marine algae.
7. The granular eel feed as claimed in claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the rice bran has a particle size of 0.4-0.6 mm.
8. The granular eel feed as claimed in claim 4, 5 or 6, wherein the corn flour and the unite bran are added in a weight ratio of 1: 1-2.
9. The granular eel feed as claimed in claim 8, wherein the corn flour is puffed corn flour.
10. The granular eel feed as claimed in claim 8, wherein the unite bran is fermented unite bran.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105124198A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-09 | 海宁和心饲料有限公司 | Feed for eels and processing process of feed |
| CN105285490A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-02-03 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | Compound powdered feed for anguilla anguilla in the adult-stage |
| CN107865255A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-03 | 夏安娜 | A kind of eel culture feed |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105124198A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-12-09 | 海宁和心饲料有限公司 | Feed for eels and processing process of feed |
| CN105285490A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-02-03 | 福建天马饲料有限公司 | Compound powdered feed for anguilla anguilla in the adult-stage |
| CN107865255A (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-04-03 | 夏安娜 | A kind of eel culture feed |
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