CN111080060A - Method for constructing embankment flood risk evaluation index system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for constructing an index system for the flood risk evaluation of an embankment, which has detailed steps and can quickly judge risk factors influencing the safety of the embankment engineering by deeply analyzing the risk factors influencing the safety of the embankment engineering. And the characteristics of the regional embankment are comprehensively considered, and a complete embankment risk evaluation index system can be established by combining the embankment and the flood risk. The invention combines an analytic hierarchy process with a one-dimensional and two-dimensional coupling model, and is beneficial to carrying out comprehensive risk evaluation on the high-risk embankment section. The invention deeply analyzes the socioeconomic data statistical method and the flood loss evaluation method of the affected area, and can accurately analyze the flood influence and evaluate the loss of the area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of emergency disaster prevention, relates to a method for constructing a risk evaluation index system, and particularly relates to a method for constructing a levee flood risk evaluation index system.
Background
In the past, the problem of the safety of the dike is solved, and the aspects of building a buttress dam, protecting slope and reinforcing the like are mainly governed by engineering. In recent years, the safety accidents of the embankment project frequently occur, so that great loss is caused to the life and property safety of people, and people are prompted to review the conventional prevention and treatment ideas again. Although a large amount of engineering construction is invested in the country, the flood control standard of the dike is greatly improved, and the flood risk is reduced, the dike safety judgment has great uncertainty and potential flood loss is inestimable due to the fact that the risk mechanism of the dike engineering is complex, the related risk is numerous, the space-time change is large, and the relation among all factors is tight, so that the dike safety is required to be comprehensively evaluated.
At present, the evaluation of the embankment risk in China is single in starting angle, the embankment engineering risk investigation method and the technical standard are lack of systematicness and completeness, although a large amount of research and discussion still exist, the embankment risk evaluation method and the index system are limited, and a national standard guide is not formed yet. Therefore, it is urgently needed to establish a normative and reasonable risk evaluation index system and perform comprehensive risk evaluation on each bank section so as to reduce flood damage.
Through a search for a patent publication, no patent publication similar to the present patent application is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a method for constructing a levee flood risk evaluation index system, and aims to comprehensively evaluate the levee risk of an improvement project by adopting a scientific and reasonable method through the membership among all influencing factors, establish a normative and reasonable risk evaluation index system, enable people to have global and integrated knowledge on the safety of levees, and play a role in guiding flood control decisions, flood damage evaluation and flood control project construction of local flood control departments.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for constructing an index system for risk evaluation of dike flood is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method comprises the following steps:
1) according to the characteristics and the regional characteristics of the dikes, from the aspects of the dikes and flood risks, deep analysis is carried out on risk factors influencing the engineering safety of the dikes, and internal factors and external factors influencing the engineering safety of the dikes are found out, wherein the internal factors comprise: the section structure and size of the dyke body, the type of the soil of the dyke body, the hidden danger of the dyke body, the factors of the dyke foundation, the protection condition of the dyke body and the danger removal and reinforcement measures; external factors include: flood characteristics, river channel characteristics, post-embankment social and economic, disaster damage degree and emergency rescue conditions, and establishing an embankment risk evaluation index system on the basis of the analysis;
2) based on the characteristics of the levee engineering risk hierarchy and dynamics, the levee risk evaluation index is regarded as a multi-level structure system, and on the basis of field investigation and expert scoring, an analytic hierarchy process is utilized to carry out comprehensive risk evaluation on the levee at a typical renovation engineering;
3) according to the comprehensive evaluation result, selecting the embankment project with the highest risk degree as a break position, establishing a one-dimensional and flood control protection area two-dimensional coupling hydrodynamic model of the river channel, and optimizing the model by adopting 'dry and wet water depth judgment', roughness division and gradual change widening setting of the break, wherein the one-dimensional and two-dimensional model coupling principle is as follows:
the river channel one-dimensional model and the flood control protection area two-dimensional model are in standard connection at a coupling position in a wide top weir mode, the one-dimensional model provides flood break flow for the two-dimensional model and serves as an inflow boundary of the two-dimensional model, and the two-dimensional model feeds back the water level near a break opening of the protection area to the one-dimensional model for next calculation;
repeating the above process, thereby achieving the real-time interaction of the one-dimensional model and the two-dimensional model, and the formula of the wide top weir flow is expressed as follows:
wherein: h is1＝max(Za,Zd)-Zb；
h2＝min(Za,Zd)-Zb；
Za、ZdRespectively the water level inside and outside the river channel at the break;
Zbis the elevation of the levee top at the breach, and the unit is m;
q is single width flow at the break mouth and the unit is m2/s。
4) And carrying out flood numerical simulation calculation on the working condition that the river of the flood protection area meets the flood for 100 years by using an optimization model, carrying out flood risk analysis according to the calculation result, and when the yellow river meets the flood for 100 years, breaking the dike at the new bow bay, wherein the initial break width is 100m, and the final break width is 200 m.
5) Based on the ARCGIS deep analysis of the socioeconomic data statistical method and the flood loss evaluation method of the affected area, flood influence evaluation is carried out on the flood protection area, during flood evolution, villages with the maximum flooding depth exceeding 1m are paid key attention, and flood prevention transfer is carried out in time.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, the risk factors influencing the safety of the embankment project can be rapidly judged through deep analysis of the risk factors influencing the safety of the embankment project.
2. The invention comprehensively considers the characteristics of the regional embankment and combines the embankment and the flood risk, thereby establishing a complete embankment risk evaluation index system.
3. The invention combines an analytic hierarchy process with a one-dimensional and two-dimensional coupling model, and is beneficial to carrying out comprehensive risk evaluation on the high-risk embankment section.
4. The invention deeply analyzes the social and economic data statistical method and the flood loss evaluation method of the affected area, and can accurately analyze the flood influence and evaluate the loss of the area.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a technical roadmap for the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the embankment risk assessment index system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a solution diagram of the coupling model of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of flood routing for 6h according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of flood routing 12h according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of flood routing for 24h according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of flood routing 72h according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of flood routing 161h according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, not limiting and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In this embodiment, a Ningxia yellow river embankment risk evaluation index system is established according to the characteristics of the Ningxia yellow river embankment and from the perspective of the embankment itself and the risk of flood, as shown in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 2.
A method for constructing an index system for risk evaluation of levee flood is innovative in that: the construction method comprises the following steps:
1) according to the characteristics and the regional characteristics of the dikes, from the aspects of the dikes and flood risks, deep analysis is carried out on risk factors influencing the engineering safety of the dikes, and internal factors and external factors influencing the engineering safety of the dikes are found out, wherein the internal factors comprise: the section structure and size of the dyke body, the type of the soil of the dyke body, the hidden danger of the dyke body, the factors of the dyke foundation, the protection condition of the dyke body and the danger removal and reinforcement measures; external factors include: flood characteristics, river channel characteristics, post-embankment social and economic, disaster damage degree and emergency rescue conditions, and establishing an embankment risk evaluation index system on the basis of the analysis;
2) based on the characteristics of the levee engineering risk hierarchy and dynamics, the levee risk evaluation index is regarded as a multi-level structure system, and on the basis of field investigation and expert scoring, an analytic hierarchy process is utilized to carry out comprehensive risk evaluation on the levee at a typical renovation engineering;
3) according to the comprehensive evaluation result, selecting the embankment project with the highest risk degree as a break position, establishing a one-dimensional and flood control protection area two-dimensional coupling hydrodynamic model of the river channel, and optimizing the model by adopting 'dry and wet water depth judgment', roughness division and gradual change widening setting of the break, wherein the one-dimensional and two-dimensional model coupling principle is as follows:
the river channel one-dimensional model and the flood control protection area two-dimensional model are in standard connection at a coupling position in a wide top weir mode, the one-dimensional model provides flood break flow for the two-dimensional model and serves as an inflow boundary of the two-dimensional model, and the two-dimensional model feeds back the water level near a break opening of the protection area to the one-dimensional model for next calculation;
repeating the above process, thereby achieving the real-time interaction of the one-dimensional model and the two-dimensional model, and the formula of the wide top weir flow is expressed as follows:
wherein: h is1＝max(Za,Zd)-Zb；
h2＝min(Za,Zd)-Zb；
Za、ZdRespectively the water level inside and outside the river channel at the break;
Zbis the elevation of the levee top at the breach, and the unit is m;
q is single width flow at the break mouth and the unit is m2/s；
The solving process of the coupling model is shown in FIG. 3;
4) carrying out flood numerical simulation calculation on the working condition that the flood protection area in the north of the defense river meets the flood of the yellow river channel for 100 years by using an optimization model, carrying out flood risk analysis according to the calculation result, when the flood meets the yellow river for 100 years, the dike at the new bow bay is burst, the initial burst width is 100m, the final burst width is 200m, water enters a two-dimensional plane calculation area from the burst, and the flood submerging water depth distribution in different time periods is shown in figures 4-8;
5) based on the powerful spatial statistical analysis function of the ARCGIS, flood influence evaluation is carried out on flood protection areas in North China flood control in the affected areas on the basis of deep analysis of social and economic data statistical methods and flood loss evaluation methods in the affected areas, and villages with the maximum flooding water depth exceeding 1m comprise new pier villages, new pier groove villages, Yuehan sleeve villages, Kingguan villages, Yongxing fort villages, south Yingzi villages, Cue village villages, Hu village villages, Tian Jia Yingvillages, Cue villages, Zhao Jia villages, Shikong villages, Yang villages, Zhangzhou villages, North Yingvillages, south Yingvillages, Wangzhuang villages and Wang villages, which belong to dangerous areas and are important when flood diversion is avoided.
Although the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Claims (1)
1. A method for constructing an index system for risk evaluation of dike flood is characterized by comprising the following steps: the construction method comprises the following steps:
1) according to the characteristics and the regional characteristics of the dikes, from the aspects of the dikes and flood risks, deep analysis is carried out on risk factors influencing the engineering safety of the dikes, and internal factors and external factors influencing the engineering safety of the dikes are found out, wherein the internal factors comprise: the section structure and size of the dyke body, the type of the soil of the dyke body, the hidden danger of the dyke body, the factors of the dyke foundation, the protection condition of the dyke body and the danger removal and reinforcement measures; external factors include: flood characteristics, river channel characteristics, post-embankment social and economic, disaster damage degree and emergency rescue conditions, and establishing an embankment risk evaluation index system on the basis of the analysis;
2) based on the characteristics of the levee engineering risk hierarchy and dynamics, the levee risk evaluation index is regarded as a multi-level structure system, and on the basis of field investigation and expert scoring, an analytic hierarchy process is utilized to carry out comprehensive risk evaluation on the levee at a typical renovation engineering;
3) according to the comprehensive evaluation result, selecting the embankment project with the highest risk degree as a break position, establishing a one-dimensional and flood control protection area two-dimensional coupling hydrodynamic model of the river channel, and optimizing the model by adopting 'dry and wet water depth judgment', roughness division and gradual change widening setting of the break, wherein the one-dimensional and two-dimensional model coupling principle is as follows:
the river channel one-dimensional model and the flood control protection area two-dimensional model are in standard connection at a coupling position in a wide top weir mode, the one-dimensional model provides flood break flow for the two-dimensional model and serves as an inflow boundary of the two-dimensional model, and the two-dimensional model feeds back the water level near a break opening of the protection area to the one-dimensional model for next calculation;
repeating the above process, thereby achieving the real-time interaction of the one-dimensional model and the two-dimensional model, and the formula of the wide top weir flow is expressed as follows:
wherein: h is1＝max(Za,Zd)-Zb；
h2＝min(Za,Zd)-Zb；
Za、ZdRespectively the water level inside and outside the river channel at the break;
Zbis the elevation of the levee top at the breach, and the unit is m;
q is single width flow at the break mouth and the unit is m2/s；
4) Carrying out flood numerical simulation calculation on the working condition that the river in the flood protection area meets the flood for 100 years by using an optimization model, carrying out flood risk analysis according to the calculation result, and when the yellow river meets the flood for 100 years, breaking the dike at the new bow bay, wherein the initial break width is 100m, and the final break width is 200 m;
5) based on the ARCGIS deep analysis of the socioeconomic data statistical method and the flood loss evaluation method of the affected area, flood influence evaluation is carried out on the flood protection area, during flood evolution, villages with the maximum flooding depth exceeding 1m are paid key attention, and flood prevention transfer is carried out in time.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111611929A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-01 | 天津市大清河管理中心 | River flood risk point identification method, device, server and storage medium based on LiDAR and InSAR technologies |
| CN111815498A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 福建省金盾建设工程有限公司 | Construction method for dike protection of municipal engineering |
| CN113792448A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-14 | 天津大学 | River course and flood area ice flood choking-levee breaking-submerging coupling simulation method |
| CN113869354A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-31 | 天津大学 | Comprehensive evaluation method for risk of levee in ice flood season |
| CN113935609A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-14 | 天津大学 | Long-river-section multi-break-opening flood flooding combined risk assessment method |
| CN117034801A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Dyke-breaking flood simulation method based on integration of river channel and flood control protection area |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111611929A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-01 | 天津市大清河管理中心 | River flood risk point identification method, device, server and storage medium based on LiDAR and InSAR technologies |
| CN111815498A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 福建省金盾建设工程有限公司 | Construction method for dike protection of municipal engineering |
| CN113792448A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-12-14 | 天津大学 | River course and flood area ice flood choking-levee breaking-submerging coupling simulation method |
| CN113792448B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2023-09-05 | 天津大学 | River channel and flood area water-break-inundation coupling simulation method |
| CN113869354A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-12-31 | 天津大学 | Comprehensive evaluation method for risk of levee in ice flood season |
| CN113869354B (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2024-05-07 | 天津大学 | Comprehensive evaluation method for risk of embankment in flood season |
| CN113935609A (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2022-01-14 | 天津大学 | Long-river-section multi-break-opening flood flooding combined risk assessment method |
| CN113935609B (en) * | 2021-10-08 | 2024-05-17 | 天津大学 | Combined risk assessment method for flood inundation with multiple breach in long river section |
| CN117034801A (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2023-11-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Dyke-breaking flood simulation method based on integration of river channel and flood control protection area |
| CN117034801B (en) * | 2023-08-07 | 2024-01-02 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Dyke-breaking flood simulation method based on integration of river channel and flood control protection area |
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