CN111076892A - Model test device and method for simulating tidal channel submarine landslide - Google Patents
Model test device and method for simulating tidal channel submarine landslide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a model test device and a method for simulating tidal channel submarine landslide, wherein the model test device comprises a frame system, a model system, a circulating system and a flow guiding system, the frame system forms a plane delta-shaped test space and provides support protection for the model test device, the model system is arranged in the middle of the delta-shaped test space of the frame system, and the circulating system and the flow guiding system are symmetrically arranged on two wings of the delta-shaped test space of the frame system; the model system adopts soil materials and monitoring equipment to construct a submarine landslide model and monitor the dynamic response of the submarine landslide model; the circulating system is used for driving water and sand in the test device to realize tidal current simulation; the flow guiding system adopts a flow guiding plate and a lifting platform to control and adjust the flow state of the circulating tide. The invention fully considers the dynamic influence of the circulating tide and the erosion action in the tidal channel on the seabed landslide and can be used for researching the cause mechanism and the instability process of the seabed landslide in the tidal channel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine geological disasters, in particular to a model test device and method for simulating a tidal channel seabed landslide, which are mainly used for researching the dynamic response and instability mechanism of the seabed landslide under the action of tidal scour.
Background
Tidal channels are a typical type of landscape with tidal coasts, a general term for water channels formed or maintained by tidal currents. A large number of tidal channels are developed among islands or between islands and mainlands in island-starry chess cloth in the offshore region of the east part of China, and the tidal channels are mostly formed by strong tide scouring and have the characteristics of rapid water depth, bottom scouring and the like. The seabed side slopes on two sides of the tidal channel have geological conditions for forming seabed landslide under the action of strong tidal power and tank bottom scouring. Related scientific research and engineering practices have also shown that the phenomenon of sea floor landslide in tidal channels is very common. However, the offshore sea area where the tidal channel develops is just the key area for the construction of ocean engineering, and the landslide of the sea bottom directly threatens the construction and operation safety of ocean engineering such as drilling platforms, submarine optical cables, ports and docks, offshore wind farms and the like. The seabed landslide is taken as the most main marine geological disaster, the cause mechanism and the trigger factor of the seabed landslide are complex, and different types of seabed landslides have completely different main control factors and instability mechanisms. The tidal channel is a main water and sand exchange channel inside and outside the island group, develops on a seabed landslide in the tidal channel, and has stability mainly influenced by two factors: 1, circulating tide, wherein under the action of periodic tide, the pore water pressure in the seabed side slope body is subjected to periodic dynamic disturbance; 2, scouring and eroding, wherein the bottom of the tidal channel is deep and rapid in water and mostly in an erosion state, and the geometric form of the side slope is changed by scouring and cutting feet.
At present, researches on tidal channel seabed landslide are still in a starting stage, and main research means comprise geophysical exploration, field in-situ monitoring, numerical simulation calculation and the like. Geophysical exploration and on-site in-situ monitoring have the limitations of high cost, long period and the like; numerical simulation calculation is limited by more premise assumptions, and the calculation result is difficult to match with the field reality. The physical model test is the most intuitive and reliable method for researching the causative mechanism and instability process of tidal channel submarine landslide, but no test device can be used for researching the mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a model test device for simulating tidal channel submarine landslide, aiming at the defects in the prior art, and the model test device is used for researching the cause mechanism and the damage process of the submarine landslide under the action of tide.
For this reason, the above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a model test device for simulating tidal channel submarine landslide comprises a frame system, a model system, a circulating system and a flow guide system, wherein the frame system forms a plane delta-shaped test space and provides support protection for the model test device; the model system adopts soil materials and monitoring equipment to construct a submarine landslide model and monitor the dynamic response of the submarine landslide model; the circulating system is used for driving water and sand in the test device to realize tidal current simulation; the flow guiding system adopts a flow guiding plate and a lifting platform to control and adjust the flow state of the circulating tide;
the frame system comprises support columns, frame beams, glass plates, brackets, a bottom plate, longitudinal beams and cross beams, wherein the support columns, the frame columns and the frame beams form a basic frame of the whole model test device; the glass plate is arranged between the frame column and the frame beam to form an outer vertical surface of the whole testing device; the bracket is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support column and used for supporting a circulating grit chamber of a circulating system; the bottom plate is a flat-plate-shaped member, is fixedly connected between support columns in the middle of the model test device and is used for supporting the model system; the longitudinal beam is a strip-shaped component, is fixedly connected between the support columns of the two wings of the test device and is used for supporting the cross braces of the flow guide system; the beam is a strip-shaped component, is fixedly connected between the longitudinal beams and is used for supporting a jacking jack of the guide system;
the model system comprises a landslide model, a miniature displacement sensor and a miniature pore pressure monitor, wherein the landslide model is a soil mass material scaling test model with a certain topography; the miniature displacement sensor is used for dynamically monitoring the change conditions of the displacements at different positions in the landslide model body in the test process; the micro pore pressure monitoring meter is used for dynamically monitoring the change condition of the pore water pressure at different positions in the landslide model body in the test process; the recording information of the micro displacement sensor and the micro pore pressure monitoring meter can be used for analyzing the dynamic response of the landslide model under the action of the circulating tide, so that the cause mechanism and the damage process of the landslide model are disclosed;
the circulating system comprises a variable frequency water pump, a variable frequency control box, a water pump water inlet pipe, a water pump water outlet, a circulating grit chamber, a pool bottom hole and a bottom hole fastening buckle, the variable frequency water pump is fixedly connected to a lifting platform of the flow guide system in a laminated mode in a row and used for driving water and sand flow in the test device, and flow control of output water and sand flow is achieved through variable frequency; the variable frequency control box is arranged above the variable frequency water pump and is used for controlling and adjusting the input current frequency of the variable frequency water pump; the water inlet pipe of the water pump is arranged at the rear end of the variable-frequency water pump, and is bent and extends into the lower part of the lifting platform of the diversion system; the water outlet of the water pump is arranged at the front end of the variable-frequency water pump; the circulating grit chamber is a hollow pipe gallery component and is connected with two wings of the testing device by penetrating through the bottom of the testing device, so that the circulation of the water-sand tide in the testing device is realized and the water-sand tide is used for precipitating excessive silt substances in the water-sand tide; the bottom hole of the water tank is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the circulating grit chamber, and can be opened and cleaned after the test is finished; the bottom hole fastening buckles are uniformly distributed along the bottom hole of the water pool, and are used for fastening the bottom hole of the water pool in the test process so as to prevent water and sand from seeping;
the flow guide system comprises a cross brace, a lifting platform, a hinge base, a hinge, a jacking jack, a jack base, a jacking cross beam, a flow guide plate rotating shaft, a flow guide wing and a flow guide plate fixing bolt, wherein the cross brace is respectively and rotatably connected with a longitudinal beam of the bottom frame system and the lifting platform at the top through the hinge base; the hinge is a rotatable connecting component inside the scissor support; the bottom of the jacking jack is rotatably connected with the cross beam of the frame system through the jack base, and the top of the jacking jack is connected with the cross brace through the jacking cross beam so as to provide power for lifting of the lifting platform; the guide plate is arranged in the middle of the lifting platform and is rotatably connected with the lifting platform through a guide plate rotating shaft; the guide wings are vertically and fixedly connected to the guide plate; the guide plate fixing bolt is used for fixing the guide plate in a lifting state; when a test is carried out, the guide plates on the two wings of the test device are matched for use, the guide plate at one end of the water outlet is in a horizontal state, and the guide wings on the top of the guide plate can guide water and sand flow driven by each variable frequency water pump, so that the flow state control of the circulating tide is realized; the guide plate at one end of the water inlet is in a lifting fixed state, water and sand flow can directly flow back to the circulating grit chamber under the drainage of the bottom of the guide plate after passing through a landslide model of the model system, and meanwhile, a variable frequency water pump and a variable frequency control box behind the guide plate can be protected from being impacted by the water and sand flow.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method for simulating tidal channel landslide.
For this reason, the above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a model test method for simulating tidal channel sea bottom landslide is applied to the model test device for simulating tidal channel sea bottom landslide, and comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a landslide model: according to the test requirements, standard sand, remolded clay and bentonite are uniformly mixed according to a certain mixing proportion, 1% of cement and a proper amount of clear water are added, then the mixture is fully stirred into spare soil, and the spare soil is layered and stacked on a bottom plate of a frame system to form a landslide model with certain topographic features;
(2) installing monitoring equipment: in the preparation process of the landslide model, the miniature displacement sensors and the miniature pore pressure monitoring meters are embedded in a layering mode, after the landslide model is built, all embedded monitoring devices are connected with a host, and initial monitoring data are debugged and obtained;
(3) adjusting the flow guide system: respectively adjusting the heights of the two-wing lifting platform to be basically consistent with the height of the landslide model close to the water channel side through the jacking jacks of the two wings of the test device; placing the left wing guide plate in a horizontal state, placing the guide plate of the right wing in a lifting state, and fixing the position of the guide plate by adopting a guide plate fixing bolt; slowly injecting clear water into the test device to a preset height, and standing for 48 hours;
(4) and (3) circulating power flow simulation: starting the variable frequency water pump of the left wing, adjusting the output water sand flow of the variable frequency water pump at different positions of the left wing through a variable frequency control box, generating a tide with a certain flow state characteristic from left to right under the action of the guide wings, and closing the variable frequency water pump after maintaining for a certain time; readjusting the heights of the lifting platforms of the two wings to be basically consistent with the height of the landslide model close to the water channel side, exchanging the arrangement of the left and right wing flow guide systems and the circulating system of the test device, generating the tide with certain flow state characteristics from right to left, and closing the variable frequency water pump after maintaining for a certain time, thereby completing the tide simulation of one cycle;
(5) the test was repeated: according to the steps (3) and (4), repeatedly carrying out circulation tide simulation until the displacement deformation of the landslide model under the action of circulation tide and erosion exceeds a preset quantitative value or instability damage occurs, and ending the test;
(6) data processing: according to data recorded by the micro displacement sensor and the micro pore pressure monitoring meter, drawing a change curve of displacement and pore pressure at different positions in the landslide model body along with time; according to the displacement-time curve, the deformation development trend of the landslide model at different positions under the action of circulation tide and erosion is researched; according to the pore pressure-time curve, the pore pressure change rule of different positions of the landslide model under the action of circulation tide and erosion is researched;
(7) cleaning a test device: after the test is finished, opening a pool bottom hole at the bottom of the circulating grit chamber, and discharging the muddy water mixture in the test device; and repeatedly flushing the interior of the test device with clear water until clear water flow is discharged from the bottom hole of the water tank.
The invention provides a model test device and a method for simulating tidal channel submarine landslide, which have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the model test device for simulating the tidal channel sea-bottom landslide fully considers the circulation effect and the erosion effect of the tidal current in the tidal channel, and provides a visual and reliable physical model test device and a test method for researching the cause mechanism and the damage process of the tidal channel sea-bottom landslide;
(2) the model test device for simulating the sea-bottom landslide of the tidal channel adopts the variable frequency water pumps which are laminated into a row, and can accurately control the flow of the output water and sand flow, thereby realizing the water and sand flow simulation with certain flow state characteristics and enabling the simulated flow in the test device to be matched with the actual situation;
(3) the model test device for simulating the sea bottom landslide of the tidal channel provided by the invention adopts the multifunctional guide plate, and the functions of guiding and stabilizing the tidal current are realized at one end of the water outlet; the function of protecting the variable-frequency water pump and the variable-frequency control box from the impact of water and sand flow is realized at one end of the water inlet;
(4) the model test device for simulating the tidal channel submarine landslide provided by the invention adopts the circulating grit chamber with the bottom hole, so that the internal circulation and sediment precipitation functions of the water and sediment flow are realized, and the precipitated sediment can be discharged through the bottom hole after the test is finished.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a floor plan of a model test rig for simulating tidal channel sea-bottom landslide provided in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a model test rig for simulating tidal tunnel seafloor landslide provided in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of a model test rig for simulating tidal channel sea-bottom landslide provided in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view of FIG. 1A-A’A sectional view;
FIG. 5 is a view of FIG. 1B-B’A sectional view;
FIG. 6 is a view of FIG. 1C-C’A sectional view;
in the figure: 1-a support column; 2-frame columns; 3-a frame beam; 4-a glass plate; 5-bracket; 6-a bottom plate; 7-longitudinal beams; 8-a cross beam; 9-landslide model; 10-a miniature displacement sensor; 11-a micro pore pressure monitor; 12-a variable frequency water pump; 13-a variable frequency control box; 14-water pump inlet pipe; 15-water outlet of water pump; 16-circulating a grit chamber; 17-pool bottom hole; 18-bottom hole fastening buckle; 19-a lifting platform; 20-a deflector shaft; 21-a flow guide plate; 22-guide wings; 23-a cross brace; 24-a hinge; 25-a hinge base; 26-jacking a cross beam; 27-a jacking jack; 28-jack base; 29-deflector fixing bolt.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
The frame system forms a plane delta-shaped test space and provides support protection for the model test device, the model system is arranged in the middle of the delta-shaped test space of the frame system, and the circulating system and the flow guide system are symmetrically arranged on two wings of the delta-shaped test space of the frame system; the model system adopts soil body materials and monitoring equipment to construct a submarine landslide model and monitor the dynamic response of the submarine landslide model; the circulating system is used for driving water sand in the test device to realize tidal current simulation; the flow guiding system adopts a flow guiding plate and a lifting platform to control and adjust the flow state of the circulating tide.
The frame system comprises a support column 1, a frame column 2, a frame beam 3, a glass plate 4, a bracket 5, a bottom plate 6, a longitudinal beam 7 and a cross beam 8, wherein the support column 1, the frame column 2 and the frame beam 3 form a basic frame of the whole test device; the glass plate 4 is arranged between the frame column 2 and the frame beam 3 to form an outer vertical surface of the whole testing device; the bracket 5 is fixedly connected with the inner side of the support column 1 and is used for supporting a circulating grit chamber 16 of a circulating system; the bottom plate 6 is a flat-plate-shaped member and is fixedly connected between the support columns 1 in the middle of the test device and used for supporting the model system; the longitudinal beam 7 is a strip-shaped component, is fixedly connected between the two wing supporting columns 1 of the test device and is used for supporting a cross brace 23 of the diversion system; the cross beam 8 is a strip-shaped member and is fixedly connected between the longitudinal beams 7 for supporting a jacking jack 27 of the guide system.
The model system comprises a landslide model 9, a micro displacement sensor 10 and a micro pore pressure monitor 11, wherein the landslide model 9 is a soil mass material scaling test model with a certain topography; the miniature displacement sensor 10 is used for dynamically monitoring the change conditions of the displacements at different positions in the body of the landslide model 9 in the test process; the micro pore pressure monitor 11 is used for dynamically monitoring the change conditions of the pore water pressure at different positions in the landslide model 9 in the test process; the recording information of the micro displacement sensor 10 and the micro pore pressure monitor 11 can be used for analyzing the dynamic response of the landslide model under the action of the circulating tide, so that the cause mechanism and the damage process of the landslide model are disclosed.
The circulating system comprises a variable frequency water pump 12, a variable frequency control box 13, a water pump water inlet pipe 14, a water pump water outlet 15, a circulating grit chamber 16, a pool bottom hole 17 and a bottom hole fastening buckle 18, wherein the variable frequency water pump 12 is fixedly connected to a lifting platform 19 of the diversion system in a laminated mode in a row and used for driving water and sand flow in the test device and realizing flow control of output water and sand flow through variable frequency; the variable frequency control box 13 is arranged above the variable frequency water pump 12 and is used for controlling and adjusting the input current frequency of the variable frequency water pump 12; the water inlet pipe 14 of the water pump is arranged at the rear end of the variable frequency water pump 12 and is bent and extends into the lower part of the lifting platform 19 of the diversion system; the water outlet 15 of the water pump is arranged at the front end of the variable frequency water pump 12; the circulating grit chamber 16 is a hollow pipe gallery component and is connected with two wings of the testing device by penetrating through the bottom of the testing device, so that the circulation of the water-sand tide in the testing device is realized and the water-sand tide is used for precipitating excessive silt substances in the water-sand tide; the pool bottom hole 17 is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the circulating grit chamber 16 and can be opened and used for cleaning the silt in the circulating grit chamber 16 after the test is finished; the bottom hole fastening buckles 18 are evenly distributed along the pool bottom hole 17, and fasten the pool bottom hole 17 in the test process for preventing the water and sand from seeping outwards.
The flow guiding system comprises a cross brace 23, a lifting platform 19, a hinge base 25, a hinge 24, a jacking jack 27, a jack base 28, a jacking cross beam 26, a flow guiding plate 21, a flow guiding plate rotating shaft 20, a flow guiding wing 22 and a flow guiding plate fixing bolt 29, wherein the cross brace 23 is respectively and rotatably connected with a longitudinal beam 7 of the bottom frame system and the lifting platform 19 at the top through the hinge base 25; the hinge 24 is a rotatable connecting member inside the scissor brace 23; the bottom of the jacking jack 27 is rotatably connected with the cross beam 8 of the frame system through a jack base 28, and the top of the jacking jack is connected with the cross brace 23 through the jacking cross beam 8, so that power is provided for lifting the lifting platform 19; the guide plate 21 is arranged in the middle of the lifting platform 19 and is rotatably connected with the lifting platform 19 through a guide plate rotating shaft 20; the guide wing 22 is vertically and fixedly connected to the guide plate 21; the guide plate fixing bolt 29 is used for fixing the guide plate 21 in a lifting state; when a test is carried out, the guide plates 21 of the two wings of the test device are matched for use, the guide plate 21 at one end of the water outlet is in a horizontal state, and the guide wings 22 at the top of the guide plate 21 can guide water and sand flow driven by each variable frequency water pump 12, so that the flow state control of circulating tide flow is realized; the guide plate 21 at one end of the water inlet is in a lifting fixed state, water and sand flow can directly flow back to the circulating grit chamber 16 under the drainage of the bottom of the guide plate 21 after passing through the landslide model 9 of the model system, and meanwhile, the variable frequency water pump 12 and the variable frequency control box 13 behind the guide plate 21 can be protected from being impacted by the water and sand flow.
The specific steps of the invention for developing the tidal channel submarine landslide model test are as follows:
(1) preparing a landslide model: according to the test requirements, standard sand, remolded clay and bentonite are uniformly mixed according to a certain mixing proportion, 1% of cement and a proper amount of clear water are added, then the mixture is fully stirred into spare soil, and the spare soil is layered and stacked on a bottom plate of a frame system to form a landslide model with certain topographic features;
(2) installing monitoring equipment: in the preparation process of the landslide model, the miniature displacement sensors and the miniature pore pressure monitoring meters are embedded in a layering mode, after the landslide model is built, all embedded monitoring devices are connected with a host, and initial monitoring data are debugged and obtained;
(3) adjusting the flow guide system: respectively adjusting the heights of the two-wing lifting platform to be basically consistent with the height of the landslide model close to the water channel side through the jacking jacks of the two wings of the test device; placing the left wing guide plate in a horizontal state, placing the guide plate of the right wing in a lifting state, and fixing the position of the guide plate by adopting a guide plate fixing bolt; slowly injecting clear water into the test device to a preset height, and standing for 48 hours;
(4) and (3) circulating power flow simulation: starting the variable frequency water pump of the left wing, adjusting the output water sand flow of the variable frequency water pump at different positions of the left wing through a variable frequency control box, generating a tide with a certain flow state characteristic from left to right under the action of the guide wings, and closing the variable frequency water pump after maintaining for a certain time; readjusting the heights of the lifting platforms of the two wings to be basically consistent with the height of the landslide model close to the water channel side, exchanging the arrangement of the left and right wing flow guide systems and the circulating system of the test device, generating the tide with certain flow state characteristics from right to left, and closing the variable frequency water pump after maintaining for a certain time, thereby completing the tide simulation of one cycle;
(5) the test was repeated: according to the steps (3) and (4), repeatedly carrying out circulation tide simulation until the displacement deformation of the landslide model under the action of circulation tide and erosion exceeds a preset quantitative value or instability damage occurs, and ending the test;
(6) data processing: according to data recorded by the micro displacement sensor and the micro pore pressure monitoring meter, drawing a change curve of displacement and pore pressure at different positions in the landslide model body along with time; according to the displacement-time curve, the deformation development trend of the landslide model at different positions under the action of circulation tide and erosion is researched; according to the pore pressure-time curve, the pore pressure change rule of different positions of the landslide model under the action of circulation tide and erosion is researched;
(7) cleaning a test device: after the test is finished, opening a pool bottom hole at the bottom of the circulating grit chamber, and discharging the muddy water mixture in the test device; and repeatedly flushing the interior of the test device with clear water until clear water flow is discharged from the bottom hole of the water tank.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the claims fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a model test device of simulation tidal channel sea bed landslide which characterized in that: the model test device for simulating the tidal channel submarine landslide comprises a frame system, a model system, a circulating system and a flow guiding system, wherein the frame system forms a plane delta-shaped test space and provides support protection for the model test device; the model system adopts soil materials and monitoring equipment to construct a submarine landslide model and monitor the dynamic response of the submarine landslide model; the circulating system is used for driving water and sand in the test device to realize tidal current simulation; the flow guiding system adopts a flow guiding plate and a lifting platform to control and adjust the flow state of the circulating tide;
the frame system comprises support columns, frame beams, glass plates, brackets, a bottom plate, longitudinal beams and cross beams, wherein the support columns, the frame columns and the frame beams form a basic frame of the whole model test device; the glass plate is arranged between the frame column and the frame beam to form an outer vertical surface of the whole testing device; the bracket is fixedly connected to the inner side of the support column and used for supporting a circulating grit chamber of a circulating system; the bottom plate is a flat-plate-shaped member, is fixedly connected between support columns in the middle of the model test device and is used for supporting the model system; the longitudinal beam is a strip-shaped component, is fixedly connected between the support columns of the two wings of the test device and is used for supporting the cross braces of the flow guide system; the beam is a strip-shaped component, is fixedly connected between the longitudinal beams and is used for supporting a jacking jack of the guide system;
the model system comprises a landslide model, a miniature displacement sensor and a miniature pore pressure monitor, wherein the landslide model is a soil mass material scaling test model with a certain topography; the miniature displacement sensor is used for dynamically monitoring the change conditions of the displacements at different positions in the landslide model body in the test process; the micro pore pressure monitoring meter is used for dynamically monitoring the change condition of the pore water pressure at different positions in the landslide model body in the test process; the recording information of the micro displacement sensor and the micro pore pressure monitoring meter can be used for analyzing the dynamic response of the landslide model under the action of the circulating tide, so that the cause mechanism and the damage process of the landslide model are disclosed;
the circulating system comprises a variable frequency water pump, a variable frequency control box, a water pump water inlet pipe, a water pump water outlet, a circulating grit chamber, a pool bottom hole and a bottom hole fastening buckle, the variable frequency water pump is fixedly connected to a lifting platform of the flow guide system in a laminated mode in a row and used for driving water and sand flow in the test device, and flow control of output water and sand flow is achieved through variable frequency; the variable frequency control box is arranged above the variable frequency water pump and is used for controlling and adjusting the input current frequency of the variable frequency water pump; the water inlet pipe of the water pump is arranged at the rear end of the variable-frequency water pump, and is bent and extends into the lower part of the lifting platform of the diversion system; the water outlet of the water pump is arranged at the front end of the variable-frequency water pump; the circulating grit chamber is a hollow pipe gallery component and is connected with two wings of the testing device by penetrating through the bottom of the testing device, so that the circulation of the water-sand tide in the testing device is realized and the water-sand tide is used for precipitating excessive silt substances in the water-sand tide; the bottom hole of the water tank is arranged in the middle of the bottom of the circulating grit chamber, and can be opened and cleaned after the test is finished; the bottom hole fastening buckles are uniformly distributed along the bottom hole of the water pool, and are used for fastening the bottom hole of the water pool in the test process so as to prevent water and sand from seeping;
the flow guide system comprises a cross brace, a lifting platform, a hinge base, a hinge, a jacking jack, a jack base, a jacking cross beam, a flow guide plate rotating shaft, a flow guide wing and a flow guide plate fixing bolt, wherein the cross brace is respectively and rotatably connected with a longitudinal beam of the bottom frame system and the lifting platform at the top through the hinge base; the hinge is a rotatable connecting component inside the scissor support; the bottom of the jacking jack is rotatably connected with the cross beam of the frame system through the jack base, and the top of the jacking jack is connected with the cross brace through the jacking cross beam so as to provide power for lifting of the lifting platform; the guide plate is arranged in the middle of the lifting platform and is rotatably connected with the lifting platform through a guide plate rotating shaft; the guide wings are vertically and fixedly connected to the guide plate; the guide plate fixing bolt is used for fixing the guide plate in a lifting state; when a test is carried out, the guide plates on the two wings of the test device are matched for use, the guide plate at one end of the water outlet is in a horizontal state, and the guide wings on the top of the guide plate can guide water and sand flow driven by each variable frequency water pump, so that the flow state control of the circulating tide is realized; the guide plate at one end of the water inlet is in a lifting fixed state, water and sand flow can directly flow back to the circulating grit chamber under the drainage of the bottom of the guide plate after passing through a landslide model of the model system, and meanwhile, a variable frequency water pump and a variable frequency control box behind the guide plate can be protected from being impacted by the water and sand flow.
2. A model test method for simulating tidal channel submarine landslide is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for simulating tidal tunnel submarine landslide uses the device of claim 1 and comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a landslide model: according to the test requirements, standard sand, remolded clay and bentonite are uniformly mixed according to a certain mixing proportion, 1% of cement and a proper amount of clear water are added, then the mixture is fully stirred into spare soil, and the spare soil is layered and stacked on a bottom plate of a frame system to form a landslide model with certain topographic features;
(2) installing monitoring equipment: in the preparation process of the landslide model, the miniature displacement sensors and the miniature pore pressure monitoring meters are embedded in a layering mode, after the landslide model is built, all embedded monitoring devices are connected with a host, and initial monitoring data are debugged and obtained;
(3) adjusting the flow guide system: respectively adjusting the heights of the two-wing lifting platform to be basically consistent with the height of the landslide model close to the water channel side through the jacking jacks of the two wings of the test device; placing the left wing guide plate in a horizontal state, placing the guide plate of the right wing in a lifting state, and fixing the position of the guide plate by adopting a guide plate fixing bolt; slowly injecting clear water into the test device to a preset height, and standing for 48 hours;
(4) and (3) circulating power flow simulation: starting the variable frequency water pump of the left wing, adjusting the output water sand flow of the variable frequency water pump at different positions of the left wing through a variable frequency control box, generating a tide with a certain flow state characteristic from left to right under the action of the guide wings, and closing the variable frequency water pump after maintaining for a certain time; readjusting the heights of the lifting platforms of the two wings to be basically consistent with the height of the landslide model close to the water channel side, exchanging the arrangement of the left and right wing flow guide systems and the circulating system of the test device, generating the tide with certain flow state characteristics from right to left, and closing the variable frequency water pump after maintaining for a certain time, thereby completing the tide simulation of one cycle;
(5) the test was repeated: according to the steps (3) and (4), repeatedly carrying out circulation tide simulation until the displacement deformation of the landslide model under the action of circulation tide and erosion exceeds a preset quantitative value or instability damage occurs, and ending the test;
(6) data processing: according to data recorded by the micro displacement sensor and the micro pore pressure monitoring meter, drawing a change curve of displacement and pore pressure at different positions in the landslide model body along with time; according to the displacement-time curve, the deformation development trend of the landslide model at different positions under the action of circulation tide and erosion is researched; according to the pore pressure-time curve, the pore pressure change rule of different positions of the landslide model under the action of circulation tide and erosion is researched;
(7) cleaning a test device: after the test is finished, opening a pool bottom hole at the bottom of the circulating grit chamber, and discharging the muddy water mixture in the test device; and repeatedly flushing the interior of the test device with clear water until clear water flow is discharged from the bottom hole of the water tank.
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